CN102550449B - Method for large-scale cultivation of Babylonia areolata in mulched shrimp pond - Google Patents
Method for large-scale cultivation of Babylonia areolata in mulched shrimp pond Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for large-scale cultivation of Babylonia areolata in a mulched shrimp pond. According to the characteristics of pond culture, the mulched shrimp pond is selected, a novel substrate is designed, and timely removal of excessively accumulated residual bait and dung of cultured animals and harmful substances in the substrate with low dissolved oxygen are mainly considered. In addition, the technique of regular complete drainage of water and replacement of fresh seawater is adopted according to the characteristic that Babylonia areolata which dwells at the bottom is capable of leaving water temporarily, so that the substrate conditions are changed forcedly, culture waste is cleared, the numeric range of physical and chemical factors of the substrate is updated, and the substrate is guaranteed to meet the requirement of Babylonia areolata on continual growth during cultivation in 8-10 months. The cleanness of the sandy bottom is kept for a long period of time during cultivation of Babylonia areolata using the mulched shrimp pond in 8-10 months, and a fine living environment is provided for bottom-dwelling Babylonia areolata. The method is simple, efficient, highly operable, low-cost and applicable to large-scale cultivation of Babylonia areolata in shrimp ponds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of method of utilizing mulch film shrimp pool large-scale cultivation Babylonia areolata (Lamarck).
Background technology
East wind spiral shell parent spiral shell derives from China's South Sea natural waters at present, the sea area water cleaning that it originates in, and bait is abundant, and particularly the sea area is that the reef substrate always is outstanding benthon original seed vitellarium, is conducive to the east wind spirodromy and deposits.Therefore in culturing, the clean tool significance of substrate.Wherein, the long-term cleaning of the husky end that keeps, the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) of dwelling the end of for provides good life area.Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) is as carnivorous snail, the very fast melanism substrate of its bait residue, and putrefying bacteria produces in a large number, influences the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) resistance against diseases, and causes disease.
Propagating artificially of Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) mainly is industrial aquaculture at present, and a small amount of mudflat aquaculture, and the former need drop into relatively large fund and build facility, and the latter's benefit is restricted, and extensive pond is formed always and made slow progress.Trace it to its cause, the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) of dwelling in the carnivorous and end to the quality requirement of substrate, is " bottleneck " wherein in breeding process.And on benefit, when pond culture, reach every square meter 4-6 kilogram, then benefit has surpassed the resulting benefit of prawn culturing, is coming breeding way.The present invention is the technology of forming that is applicable to shrimp pool breed Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) commodity spiral shell.Overcoming industrial aquaculture needs the defective of a large amount of facilities and equipments.The shrimp pond that shrimp pool breed Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) is built well for utilization provides new selection.
Culturing the melanism deterioration reason of substrate, once being the residual bait of cultivated animals, the excessive buildup of spiral shell, secondly is DO (dissolved oxygen) deficiency, and the substrate chemical factors changes besides, and the decomposition microorganism is substituted by putrefactive microorganisms.The result that the substrate melanism is rotten, the substrate acidifying, corrupt substance produces, and is fatal to zoobenthos.
During industrial aquaculture east wind spiral shell, rely on artificial bottom, continuous-flow type, high strength oxygenation way reach the purpose that purifies substrate, relatively costly construction cost, and the needs of a large amount of fresh seawater make pond culture can not indiscriminately imitate same technology.
Do not finding at present similar innovation and creation.Number of patent application 201010115232.3 " east wind spiral shell undercurrent type water supply cultural method and device thereof ", be to support bushing breed east wind spiral shell commodity to become spiral shell, be not suitable for extensive pond east wind spiral shell and culture.Number of patent application 200920194434.4 " east wind spiral shell new model breed pond ", be to constitute substrate with built on stilts fragment of brick, glue stratum reticulare, bolting silk layer, sand bed to culture the east wind spiral shell, equally also be not suitable for the east wind spiral shell breed of extensive pond.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing mulch film shrimp pool large-scale cultivation Babylonia areolata (Lamarck); characteristics according to pond culture; we select the mulch film shrimp pool; design novel substrate; the main residual bait of considering in time to remove the cultivated animals of excessive buildup, spiral shell just, and under low dissolved oxygen state the harmful substance in the substrate.Simultaneously according to dwell at the bottom of the east wind spiral shell, can temporarily dried up and impregnable characteristics, take regularly all to drain water, renew the technology of bright seawater again, effectively change the substrate condition, remove and culture refuse, upgrade the number range of substrate chemical factors, guarantee that substrate can satisfy the requirement that the east wind spiral shell continues growth in 8-10 month breeding process.
The present invention includes following steps:
(1) be to add in the sea sand of 0.1～1mm the granular zeolite 1-2 ‰ of conch meal 5～10 ‰, diameter 2～10mm, the haydite 1-2 ‰ of diameter 10-20mm are arranged in granularity, these mix grit as the fine sand gravel bed, directly be layered at the bottom of the pond, the mulch film shrimp pool, thickness is no more than 10cm, is that east wind spiral shell children spiral shell is to the growth habitat that becomes spiral shell;
(2) fine sand gravel bed width is 1-1.5m, between the described fine sand gravel bed, lays the big grit layer of diameter 5-10cm; Fine sand gravel bed and rough sand gravel bed are stripe-arrangement from the pool side edge to the middle part in mode side by side; Fine sand gravel bed width is 1-1.5m, rough sand gravel bed width 0.25m, can isolate with perforated brick between fine sand gravel bed and the rough sand gravel bed, every the fine sand gravel bed has a water distributor, be the with holes of a diameter 3cm from the pool side edge to the middle part, the aperture is the 0.25mmPVC pipe, with the water supply cross current in pond, controls with switch;
(3) culture water level at≤0.5m, be conducive to the water body exchange;
(4) culturing in early days, throwing in the fertilizer that diatom is cultivated after the water inlet immediately, cultivating a large amount of benthic algaes, be conducive to purify substrate, throwing in the aquatic products articles for use of commercially available inhibition moss growth simultaneously;
(5) when the basicity of nearly substrate 10cm water layer during less than 1.2-1.5mg/L, all drain Chi Shui, and dry 2-8h, this moment the east wind spirodromy long-living deposit unaffected;
(6) drain Chi Shuihou, flushing rough sand gravel bed cleaning fine sand gravel bed;
(7) after thoroughly draining water, dry substrate 2-8h;
(8) during drying, utilize water distributor not stop water distribution, keep fine sand gravel bed top layer moistening;
(9) during drying, remove the fine sand laminar surface with thread water and culture refuse and other materials, as moss; And flushing rough sand gravel bed, dirt is discharged from the middle part, pond;
(10) draining time interval of drying was 15～45d at the 1st to 2nd month, and the 3rd to 4th month is 7～30 days, and the 5th to 6th month is 3～7 days.
(11) basis of time that all drains Chi Shui is: detected the physical and chemical factor of culturing the 10cm water layer near substrate in 5-10 days, and when basicity during less than 1.2-1.5mg/L, the step that the beginning draining takes to dry substrate;
(12) during less than 1.2-1.5mg/L, throw in conch meal and the limewash that improves basicity in the basicity of culturing the 10cm water layer near substrate simultaneously;
(13) use bottom tube buoyancy pump or waterwheel aerator oxygenation;
(14) use bacillus, culture and spray in rough sand gravel, haydite in early days, make it be immobilized onto the surface, directly spill later in breeding water body or sand bed;
(15). can increase the sunshade net summer in the shrimp pond, perhaps under the prerequisite of pond abundant water, increases the breeding water body degree of depth.
The present invention guarantees to culture in the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) process on 8-10 month the mulch film shrimp pool, the long-term cleaning of the husky end that keeps, and the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) of dwelling the end of for provides good life area.And simple and effective, workable, cost is low and be applicable to shrimp pool large-scale cultivation Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) commodity spiral shell.
Embodiment
The present invention is the technology that the commodity Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) is formed on the mulch film shrimp pool of blowdown in the middle of being applicable to.
This technology is included as the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) of dwelling at the end and makes up at the bottom of the pond, the mulch film shrimp pool: add shell powder or granule zeolite, haydite in the sea sand of 0.1-1mm granularity.Husky base thickness degree 5～10cm.Be the fine sand gravel bed, the banded distribution from the pool side edge to middle strip, every width is 1～1.5m.Between the described fine sand gravel bed, lay condition of equivalent thickness, the chad of the big grain of diameter 5～10cm is the rough sand gravel bed.Rough sand gravel bed width 0.25m, fine sand gravel bed and rough sand gravel bed are stripe-arrangement from the pool side edge to the middle part in mode side by side.Can isolate with perforated brick between fine sand gravel bed and the rough sand gravel bed.Every fine sand gravel bed has (aperture 0.25mm) with holes pvc pipe of a diameter 3cm from the pool side edge to the middle part, with the water supply cross current in pond, with switch control, when the pond draining is dried, can water distribution to the fine sand gravel bed.The grit of particulate and big grain is with mode stripe-arrangement side by side.Isolate with perforated brick.
In breeding process, adopt following technology to keep cleaning of the husky end for a long time: (1)≤0.5m shallow water is cultured; (2) regularly drain whole Chi Shui, flushing rough sand gravel, cleaning fine sand gravel bed top layer; (3) after thoroughly draining water, dry substrate 2-8h, meanwhile, the Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) of the moistening breed of water distribution; (4) during substrate dries, at the bottom of grit, throw in conch meal and the limewash that improves basicity; (5) bacillus is cultured and sprays bacillus in early days in the surface of rough sand gravel, haydite, makes it be immobilized onto the surface, directly spills in breeding water body or sand bed later on.
Embodiment 1
In 10 mouthfuls of mulch film shrimp ponds, the about 4-5 mu of each pool area size, the degree of depth is 1.2m-1.5m, and the mulch film shrimp pool that utilizes is for there being middle blowdown, and there is certain inclination at the edge to the middle part, and the water inlet draining is convenient, and water quality is clean seawater, salinity 17-25.
The prescription that makes up the husky end, the mulch film shrimp pool is to add the granular zeolite 1-2 ‰ of conch meal 5～10 ‰, diameter 2～10mm, the haydite 1-2 ‰ of diameter 10-20mm are arranged in granularity is the sea sand of 0.1～1mm.Every the fine sand gravel bed has the with holes of a diameter 3cm from the pool side edge to the middle part, aperture 0.25mmPVC pipe, with the water supply cross current in pond, with switch control, when the pond draining is dried, can water distribution to the fine sand gravel bed.The grit layer of particulate grit layer and coarse grain is with mode stripe-arrangement side by side.Isolate with perforated brick.
The control breeding water body degree of depth is the no more than 50cm in edge, the no more than 100cm in middle part, otherwise when operation is dried in draining, will exhaust big water gaging.
Bottom tube buoyancy pump or waterwheel aerator oxygenation.
Culturing in early days, throwing in the fertilizer (can use the commercially available prod) that diatom is cultivated after the water inlet immediately, cultivating a large amount of benthic algaes, be conducive to purify substrate, throwing in the aquatic products articles for use of commercially available inhibition moss growth simultaneously.
Put seedling amount 600 tails/m2, the size of seedling is 0.8cm, and putting the seedling time is the 4-6 month.Culture-cycle is 6-8 month.The results size is 50 tails/head.
Bait is Articial bait making, and protein content 42% is mainly animal protein.
Culture and to spray bacillus in early days in rough sand gravel, haydite, make it be immobilized onto the surface, directly spill in breeding water body or sand bed later on.
Detected the physical and chemical factor of culturing the 10cm water layer near substrate in 5-10 days, when basicity during less than 1.5mg/L, the step that the beginning draining takes to dry substrate.Its time interval was generally 7～15 days mid-terms (the 3rd to 4th month), 3～5 days later stages (the 5th to 6th month) 15～30 days in early stage (the 1st to 2nd month).
After thoroughly draining water, dry substrate 2-8h, make substrate obtain oxidation.
In flash-off time, the pool side edge of usefulness fine sand gravel bed to the sand bed water distribution, keeps breed east wind spiral shell moistening to the water pipe at middle part simultaneously.Also can use than big yield and clean the fine sand laminar surface.The rough sand layer is washed with big flowing water.
Use the epontic filamentous algae of labor cleaning's sand bed simultaneously.
Throw in conch meal and the limewash that improves basicity simultaneously;
Can increase the sunshade net summer in the shrimp pond, perhaps under the prerequisite of pond abundant water, increases the breeding water body degree of depth.
Culturing time 4-6 month, be mainly 4 annual～October at Guangdong Province's Zhanjiang region culturing time.
The average 4.8kg/m of crop in 2011
2, maximum output 7.2Kg/m
2, minimum output 1.2kg/m
2Specification 50-70 head/jin.
Embodiment 2
In 5 mouthfuls of mulch film shrimp ponds, the about 2-3 mu of each pool area size has good water source to handle (filtration sterilizing and purifying) facility, and water source supply is abundant.The condition of its degree of depth, blowdown drainage pattern, substrate structure and microbiological treatment, oxygenation, seawer quality, bait, seed quantity specifications is with the condition of embodiment 1.
Adopt edge 70～80cm, the depth of water of middle part 120～150cm is cultured.
Detected the physical and chemical factor of culturing the 10em water layer near substrate in 5-10 days, when basicity during less than 1.5mg/L, the step that the beginning draining takes to dry substrate.Its time interval was generally 15～20 days mid-terms, 7～15 days later stages 30～45 days in early stage.
After thoroughly draining water, dry substrate 6-20h, make substrate obtain oxidation.
In flash-off time, the pool side edge of usefulness fine sand gravel bed to the sand bed water distribution, keeps breed east wind spiral shell moistening to the water pipe at middle part simultaneously.Also can use than big yield and clean the fine sand laminar surface.The rough sand layer is washed with big flowing water.
Throw in conch meal and the limewash of relatively large raising basicity simultaneously;
Culturing time 4-6 month, be mainly 4 annual～October at Guangdong Province's Zhanjiang region culturing time.
The average 4.2kg/m of crop in 2011
2, maximum output 6.0Kg/m
2, minimum output 2.1kg/m
2Specification 50-70 head/jin.
Claims (1)
1. a method of utilizing mulch film shrimp pool large-scale cultivation Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) comprises the steps:
(1) be to add conch meal 5～10 ‰, the granular zeolite 1-2 ‰ of diameter 2～10mm, the haydite 1-2 ‰ of diameter 10-20mm in the sea sand of 0.1～1mm in granularity, these mix grit as the fine sand gravel bed, directly be layered at the bottom of the pond, the mulch film shrimp pool, thickness is no more than 10cm, is that east wind spiral shell children spiral shell is to the growth habitat that becomes spiral shell;
(2) fine sand gravel bed width is 1-1.5m, between the described fine sand gravel bed, lays condition of equivalent thickness, and diameter is the big grain chad of 5-10cm, is the rough sand gravel bed; Fine sand gravel bed and rough sand gravel bed are stripe-arrangement from the pool side edge to the middle part in mode side by side; Fine sand gravel bed width is 1-1.5m, rough sand gravel bed width 0.25m, isolate with perforated brick between fine sand gravel bed and the rough sand gravel bed, every the fine sand gravel bed is laid a water distributor, it is a pvc pipe that is routed to the diameter 3cm at middle part from the pool side edge, the pvc pipe pipe shaft is distributed with the aperture that the aperture is 0.25mm, with the water supply cross current in pond, control with switch;
(3) culture water level≤0.5m, be conducive to the water body exchange;
(4) culturing in early days, throwing in the fertilizer of cultivating diatom after the water inlet immediately, cultivating a large amount of benthic algaes, be conducive to purify substrate, throwing in the aquatic products articles for use of commercially available inhibition moss growth simultaneously;
(5) when the basicity of nearly substrate 10cm water layer during less than 1.5mg/L, all drain Chi Shui, and dry 2-8h, this moment the east wind spirodromy long-living deposit unaffected;
(6) drain after the Chi Shui flushing and cleaning rough sand gravel bed, fine sand gravel bed;
(7) after thoroughly draining water, dry substrate 2-8h;
(8) during drying, utilize ceaselessly water distribution of water distributor, keep fine sand gravel bed top layer moistening;
(9) during drying, remove breed refuse and the moss of fine sand laminar surface with thread water, and wash the rough sand gravel bed, dirt is discharged from the middle part, pond;
(10) draining time interval of drying was 15～45 days at the 1st to 2nd month that cultures, and the 3rd to 4th month is 7～30 days, and the 5th to 6th month is 3～7 days;
(11) basis of time that all drains Chi Shui is: detected the physical and chemical factor of once culturing the 10cm water layer near substrate in 5-10 days, and when basicity during less than 1.5mg/L, beginning draining, the step of taking to dry substrate;
(12) during less than 1.5mg/L, throw in conch meal and the limewash that improves basicity in the basicity of culturing the 10cm water layer near substrate simultaneously;
(13) use bottom tube buoyancy pump or waterwheel aerator oxygenation;
(14) breed sprays bacillus to rough sand gravel, haydite in early days, makes bacillus be fixed in rough sand gravel and haydite surface, directly will fixedly have the rough sand gravel of bacillus and haydite to spill in breeding water body or sand bed later;
(15) increase the sunshade net summer in the shrimp pond, perhaps under the prerequisite of pond abundant water, increase the breeding water body degree of depth.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104247685B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-10-05 | 福建省水产研究所 | A kind of method of different size Achatina fulica(Ferussae) spiral shell young, young screening sorting |
| CN105684972B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2019-02-01 | 莆田市南日牧场渔业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of mud Babylonia |
| CN113080132B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-07-01 | 海南蓝泰邦生物技术有限公司 | Recycling method of culture tail water of babylonia areolata |
| CN114617088A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-14 | 海南金雨海洋产业发展有限公司 | Breeding method for improving immunity of Babylonia |
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| US3871333A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1975-03-18 | Hideyuki Gotoh | Culturing of pearls |
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| JPS58224629A (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1983-12-27 | 海洋プレコン株式会社 | Breeding of ear shell |
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| US3871333A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1975-03-18 | Hideyuki Gotoh | Culturing of pearls |
| GB1482911A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1977-08-17 | Gerrard C | Culture of oysters or like shell fish |
| CN201563486U (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2010-09-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | New model culture pond of marine snails |
| CN101785439A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2010-07-28 | 深圳市龙科源水产养殖有限公司 | Subsurface-flow water supply culture method and device of Babylonia |
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| 方斑东风螺Babylonia areolata (Lamarck)室外水泥池养殖技术;郑冠雄等;《现代渔业信息》;20050930;第20卷(第9期);第22-23页 * |
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