CN102550380B - Protecting and artificial feeding method for wild dendrobium candidum stock seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a protecting and artificial feeding method for wild dendrobium candidum stock seeds. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) clearing up a seedbed and establishing a greenhouse; (2) cultivating and managing wild seedlings; (3) promoting flowering and fruiting; (4) performing tissue culture and raising seedlings; (5) exercising the tissue culture seedlings; (6) cultivating and managing the tissue culture seedlings; and (7) forming seedlings. The matrix is a mixture of sawdust and broken bark and is formed by spraying 120 times aqueous solution of EM bacteria stock dew, stirring uniformly, stacking, covering a film and fermenting; and in artificial pollination, lycopodium spores with an amount which is 4 to 6 times of pollen quantity is added into the collected pollen, and flower buds are sprayed by using a powder blower. The method has the beneficial effects that: the basic hereditary characters of the formed seedlings are close to those of the wild seedlings and stable; the survival rate of the formed seedlings is high and can reach 95 percent, and the fruiting rate can reach 40 percent; and the seedlings suffer from little pest and disease damage in the whole growth period, are grown regularly, and are high in growth speed and high in yield.

Description

The protection of dendrobium officinale original seed and artificial culturing method

One. technical field

The present invention relates to the protection of a kind of dendrobium officinale original seed and artificial culturing method.

Two. background technology

Dendrobium aerial orchid section herbaceous plant, be China's tradition rare Chinese medicine, successive dynasties Chinese medicine ancient books and records Shennong's Herbal, supplementary Amplifications of the Compendium of Materia Medica etc. are all on the books; Can be divided into up to a hundred the kinds such as iron sheet, yellow careless, Jin Hairpin, Huoshan, link, horsewhip, wherein dendrobium candidum is the superfine product in many stems of noble dendrobium.Dendrobium candidum removes fibrous root, dry after be called Tiepi Fengdou (admirable in all its details), be a kind of enriching yin qi-restoratives superfine product of extremely famous and precious, integration of drinking and medicinal herbs.Ancient Chinese medicine doctor is all praised highly doubly extremely it, is regarded as " in medicine celestial product ".Taoist school's system allusion quotation " classical collection " is classified as Tiepi Fengdou, Herba Saussureae Involueratae, three liang of ginsengs, Cordyceps sinensis, seabed pearl, century-old tubers of multiflower knotweed etc. as China nine large " celestial grass ".Because of the very special harshness of ecological condition of its existence, natural propagation rate is extremely low, be grown on away from the human world that lofty mountains and steep hills, between overhanging cliff and rock slot more, the human world is rare to see, hold concurrently with the elite of full suction yin and yang in human body cloud and mist, there is the magical effect of coming back to life, therefore have the title of " the celestial grass of help ".At present, expand with the speed of annual 5-10% in the demand of the international market dendrobium candidums such as Southeast Asia, in Shanghai, Guangzhou, the domestic market such as Hangzhou then increase with the speed of annual 30-40%.

Dendrobium officinale is mainly distributed in the ground such as Fujian, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangxi of China; because ineffective to dendrobium officinale protection of resources, predatory exploitation is too much at present; add ecological degeneration; the factor impacts such as industrial pollution; cause stem of noble dendrobium class plant distributions area reduction; even arrive extinction edge, make dendrobium candidum resource critical shortage far can not meet the market demand of expanding day.In recent years, domestic many agricultural sciences academy and institutes are planted enterprise in one's power and are carried out the research such as tissue cultures, artificial cultivation to dendrobium candidum, have made some progress.But, generally also there is the problems such as damage by disease and insect is more, survival rate is not high, proterties is unstable, yield and quality is undesirable.

Three. summary of the invention

The invention provides the protection of a kind of dendrobium officinale original seed and artificial culturing method, solve the problems such as the ubiquitous damage by disease and insect of prior art is more, survival rate is not high, proterties is unstable, yield and quality is undesirable.

The present invention adopts following technical method to realize:

Comprise following steps:

(1) booth is built in whole seedbed: level land, and covers film, goes up the matrix of having fermented, and is made into the seedbed of the wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m of furrow, high 10 ~ 15cm, for subsequent use; Build the plastic tunnel of high more than 2m, ceiling covers 70% shade net sheltering from heat or light rate;

(2) cultivation management of wild[l: plant dendrobium candidum wild[l in medium of seedling bed, density 100 strains/m ², carry out normal water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;

(3) urge to yield positive results: adopt artificial pollination to improve flower fruit-setting rate;

(4) tissue culture: ripe fruit, through sterilization, MS medium and hormone induction, carries out tissue culture after bulb starts differentiation;

(5) training tissue culture seedling: candidum tissue culturing bottle seedling uncap exercise, rinse well with water, dry;

(6) cultivation management of plantlet in vitro: soak 10 ~ 15 minutes with 50% carbendazim sterilization, ABT root-inducing powder, plant in medium of seedling bed; Temperature controls at 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and transplant air humidity in 7 days and keep 85 ~ 93%, after this, air humidity keeps 70 ~ 80%, the foliage spray 1/2MS aqueous solution, seedbed alternation of wetting and drying; With short root strengthening agent aqueous solution spraying after three weeks; After new root young sprout starts growth, seedling proceeds to normal management;

(7) seedling: part can pluck processing, other plant repeats step (3) ~ (6).

Wherein step (1), (2), matrix described in (6) are wood chip and the mixing of broken bark, broken, with the potassium permanganate solution spray disinfectant of 0.3-1%, spray with the former dew of EM bacterium 120 times of aqueous solution and stir, stack, cover film 7 ~ 10 days.

Artificial pollination wherein described in step (3) is the lycopod spore that the pollen gathered adds 4 ~ 6 times of pollen amounts, sprays pistil with duster.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, dendrobium candidum seedling basic genetic proterties and wild[l close, and more stable.

2, become shoot survival percent higher, can reach 95%, fruiting rate can reach 40%.

3, whole growth cycle damage by disease and insect is less, growing way is neat, growth rate is very fast, output is higher.

Four. embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.

The preparation of matrix: wood-working factory's offcuts and the mixing of broken bark, to tan by the sun after fragmentation, with the potassium permanganate spray disinfectant of 0.6%, spray with the former dew of EM bacterium 120 times of aqueous solution and stir, stacking, covers film 8 days.Level land, cover film, go up the matrix of having fermented, be made into the seedbed of the wide 1.3m of furrow, high 13cm, for subsequent use.Build the plastic tunnel of high 3m, ceiling covers 70% shade net sheltering from heat or light rate, installs sprinkling irrigation, Temperature and Humidity Control equipment.

Dendrobium candidum wild[l is planted, density 100 strains/m in medium of seedling bed ², carry out normal water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.If wild[l is more small and weak, usable concentration is soak 13 minutes in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution of 90mg/L, and 1000 times of carbendazim soaked after 10 minutes plants.

When plant seedling is bloomed, the method for artificial pollination is adopted to improve flower fruit-setting rate.Namely the pollen gathered adds the lycopod spore of 5 times of pollen amounts, sprays pistil with duster.

Ripe fruit, through sterilization, MS medium and hormone induction, carries out tissue culture after bulb starts differentiation.

When after tissue-culture container seedling Stem nematode to 3-5cm, exercise of can uncapping, with water, the medium of seedling root is rinsed well, dried; Soak 12 minutes with 50% carbendazim sterilization, ABT root-inducing powder, plant in medium of seedling bed, every cave plantation 2-4 seedling; Temperature controls at 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and transplant air humidity in 7 days and keep about 90%, after this, air humidity keeps about 75%, the foliage spray 1/2MS aqueous solution, seedbed alternation of wetting and drying; With short root strengthening agent aqueous solution spraying after three weeks; After new root young sprout starts growth, seedling proceeds to normal management.When after plant seedling, part can pluck processing sell, and other plant repeats to urge to yield positive results, organize the step method such as training, hardening, plantlet in vitro management, can be production and selling and provides a large amount of dendrobium candidum provenances and finished product.

Can find out from table 1 below, the present patent application and prior art effectiveness comparison have significant effect.

Table 1 the present patent application and prior art effectiveness comparison

Claims (1)

1. the protection of dendrobium officinale original seed and an artificial culturing method, is characterized in that comprising following steps:

(1) booth is built in whole seedbed: level land, and covers film, goes up the matrix of having fermented, and is made into the seedbed of the wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m of furrow, high 10 ~ 15cm, for subsequent use; Build the plastic tunnel of high more than 2m, ceiling covers 70% shade net sheltering from heat or light rate; Described matrix is that wood chip and broken bark mix, fragmentation, with the potassium permanganate solution spray disinfectant of 0.3-1%, sprays and stirs, stack, cover film 7 ~ 10 days with the former dew of EM bacterium 120 times of aqueous solution;

(2) cultivation management of wild[l: plant dendrobium candidum wild[l in medium of seedling bed, density 100 Zhu/㎡, carries out normal water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;

(3) urge to yield positive results: adopt artificial pollination to improve flower fruit-setting rate; Described artificial pollination is the lycopod spore that the pollen gathered adds 4 ~ 6 times of pollen amounts, sprays pistil with duster;

(4) tissue culture: ripe fruit, through sterilization, MS medium and hormone induction, carries out tissue culture after bulb starts differentiation;

(5) training tissue culture seedling: candidum tissue culturing bottle seedling uncap exercise, rinse well with water, dry;

(6) cultivation management of plantlet in vitro: soak 10 ~ 15 minutes with 50% carbendazim sterilization, ABT root-inducing powder, plant in medium of seedling bed; Temperature controls at 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and transplant air humidity in 7 days and keep 85 ~ 93%, after this, air humidity keeps 70 ~ 80%, the foliage spray 1/2MS aqueous solution, seedbed alternation of wetting and drying; With short root strengthening agent aqueous solution spraying after three weeks; After new root young sprout starts growth, seedling proceeds to normal management;

(7) seedling: part can pluck processing, other plant repeats step (3) ~ (6).