CN102485002A - Application of burdock extract in harmful citrus mite controlling - Google Patents
Application of burdock extract in harmful citrus mite controlling Download PDFInfo
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- CN102485002A CN102485002A CN2010105754295A CN201010575429A CN102485002A CN 102485002 A CN102485002 A CN 102485002A CN 2010105754295 A CN2010105754295 A CN 2010105754295A CN 201010575429 A CN201010575429 A CN 201010575429A CN 102485002 A CN102485002 A CN 102485002A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a burdock extract, and an application thereof in harmful citrus mite controlling. The burdock extract can be prepared through steps that: seeds of a burdock plant are adopted as a raw material; the raw material is dried by baking, crushed, and sieved; the weight of the raw material is adopted as 1 part, and 3-30 parts of 30-95% of ethanol is added to the raw material; the raw material is extracted by using ultrasonic waves 3 times under a temperature of 30-70 DEG C; extraction liquids are combined, and the ethanol solution is subject to vacuum recovering, such that a wet extract is obtained, wherein a recovery rate is approximately 13%; and the wet extract is the required burdock extract. As a result of indoor virulence determination experiments, the extract provides a harmful citrus mite controlling effect. The potency is substantial, and the pertinence is high. Therefore, the extract has good medicinal prospect.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant resource miticide, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of burdock extract, simultaneously, the invention still further relates to the purposes of described burdock extract in control evil mite field.
Background technology
Citrus is big fruit of the first in the world and the third-largest trade agricultural product, is the southern first fruit of China.Tangerine Panonychus citri (Panonychus citri) is an important pest during citrus is produced; It sucks the juice of citrus leaves, fruit and tender stem epidermis with sucking mouth parts; Make the position that is injured present white dot, cause fallen leaves, fallen flowers and shedding, have a strong impact on citrus tree vigo(u)r and output.At present, developed into the most general, the most important and the most difficult insect that prevents and treats of citrus at China's tangerine Panonychus citri.Its host range is extremely wide, and adaptability is strong, has brought big difficulty to the comprehensive regulation.
Along with the mite class strengthens the chemical agent resistance; The usage quantity of agricultural chemicals increases year by year; And the continuous use of chemical pesticide has caused the natural enemy that has also killed harmful mite when harmful mite pesticide resistance is continuous to be strengthened; And caused comparatively serious residue of pesticide problem, caused the serious environmental pollution, even situation such as carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis occurred.Therefore, from plant, seek the acaricidal activity material becomes present research field with the miticide of development of new a focus.And the plant resource miticide has high-efficiency low-toxicity, and low-residual is little to environmental influence, be difficult for to produce advantages such as resistance, controlling plant disease effectively not only, and can alleviate the environmental pressure that a large amount of chemical synthetic pesticides bring.
More existing both at home and abroad now patents about plant insecticides, some can carry out commercial production.WR Grace company was after U.S. Register had been registered first commercial seal chinaberry preparation Margosan-0 in 1985; Kind surplus the commodity preparation that the U.S., Canada, Germany, Australia, India, Thailand, Burma and China have succeeded in developing reaches 40; Register in world many countries; Azatin
XL Plus 3EC (containing 3% nimbin) like the production of U.S. Thermo Trilogy company; 1000～3000 times of liquid can be used for preventing and treating many important pests that are difficult to prevent and treat on the vegetables, like Bemisia tabaci, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, diamond-back moth, beet tops moth, aphid etc.Also has Neemix
4.5 (Superneem), Trilogy
, Triac
90EC, Azatin
TM, Align
TM, the Neem Azal that Germany produces
TM, Neem Gold, Neemzal, Econeem that India produces, the Green Gold that Australia produces, the Safer that Canada produces
ENI etc. are mainly used in the control of crop disease and insects such as gardens, vegetables, fruit tree, cotton, and the annual sales amount in the whole world is estimated to reach 3000～6,000 ten thousand dollars.China has 0.2%, 0.26%, 0.3%, 0.36% aqueous matrine solution, 2.5%, 7.5% rotenone emulsifiable solution, 10% nicotine cream; 0.65% fennel artemisin aqua, 0.88% pair of plain buck agent, 0.36% matrine lactone aqua; Products such as 1.3% trifoliate jewelvine cyanogen, penta missible oil obtain agricultural chemicals and register temporarily; Registered producer is 49 families nearly, and single agent is 8 kinds, and preparation is 14 kinds; Mixture is 19 kinds, and preparation is 23 kinds.Between the plant insecticide, binary between plant insecticide and chemical pesticide or the synergist or ternary built agent occur in a large number, and its processing formulation is main with missible oil, aqua, also has soluble powder, suspending agent, pulvis.
Though the research and development of plant insecticide have obtained certain progress,, all in all, also have some problems: (1) is detailed inadequately to the investigation of killing the mite plant resources.China's plant resources is abundant, reach 8000 with plant surplus kind, the plant of the insecticidal activity of crossing after deliberation only relates to the plant of more than ten sections such as Umbelliferae, composite family.(2) to the exploitation of plant insecticide also suitable a little less than.Now the plant insecticide product of registration seldom and kind and type single.To having active plant, be direct utilization mostly, the lacking of indirect utilization.(3) mechanism of action of active components of plants desinsection is unclear yet, remains further to be studied.(4) botanical pesticide takes effect slowly, and cost is higher, and stability is low, and its popularization is received certain restriction.But; Attention gradually along with the plant insecticide exploitation; Application along with technical developments such as modern biology, information, isolation identification and Instrumental Analysis; Along with the public to green, wholefood require increasingly highly, also increase the demand of botanical pesticide gradually in market, plant insecticide will have huge potentiality to be exploited and development prospect.
Burdock is 2 years living plants of composite family, in China northeast and Europe wild species is arranged all, but as cultivated species, has only Japan's plantation more at present.China introduces to plant experimentally from Japan and succeeds in recent years, and Henan, Shandong are planted more.The burdock leaf heart shape, petiole is longer, the close living canescence fine hair of blade back.Burdock happiness temperature, 20～25 ℃ of suitable time for growths, warm tolerance is stronger, and overground part cold resistance is relatively poor, can freeze to death about 3 ℃.Root cold resistance is very strong.The germination thermophilic of seed is 20～25 ℃, and under 10～15 degrees centigrade or 30～35 ℃ of conditions, germination rate can reduce.Presprouting of seeds belongs to the happiness photosensitiveness, after the seed suction, and stratification under the environment of light.Seed has stronger dormancy property, usually with alternating temperature processing, thio urea and water soaking method breaking dormancy.The acid-base value that soil requires, with faintly acid soil better, PH6.5～7.5.Compositions such as the main chemical compositions Lignanoids compounds of burdock, synanthrin, volatile oil have hypoglycemic, antibiotic a series of effects such as disease-resistant, anti-oxidant, antiviral.But up to the present, do not appear in the newspapers the polarity of the acaricidal activity material not report that distributes yet about the system research of burdock acaricidal activity and ovicidal activity.The present invention passes through initial gross separation extraction of burdock acaricidal activity composition and activity rating, and clear and definite burdock contains the acaricidal activity material, and citrus red mite (crm) and ovum thereof are had action of contace poison.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to provides a kind of burdock extract to the acaricidal deficiency of existing plant resource.It is raw material with the natural Chinese herbal medicines plant, and is with low cost, and killing mite, to kill the effect of ovum remarkable, and toxic and side effect is low, is indicating well medicament prospect.
The object of the invention is achieved through following technical scheme.
Except as otherwise noted, the percentage that the present invention adopted is percetage by weight.
The present invention provides a kind of burdock extract; This burdock extract can or get by following method preparation: with the burdock complete stool is raw material; Through drying, pulverize, sieve, be incorporated as 30%～95% ethanol of 3～30 parts of raw material weights, 30 ℃～70 ℃ following Extraction by Ultrasound three times; Merge extract, decompression recycling ethanol liquid obtains wet medicinal extract, and its rate of recovery 13% is required burdock extract about being.
The method for using of burdock extract of the present invention is identical with the method for using of general mineral oil agricultural chemicals, only need to add a certain proportion of water stir it is fully dissolved after, evenly be sprayed at the crop blade face and get final product.
Beneficial effect:
1. the burdock extract is to the action of contace poison of female one-tenth mite of citrus red mite (crm) and ovum, and details are as follows for the situation of experiment: experiment material: 1. verify medicine: the burdock ethanol extract; 2. supply the examination mite: the tangerine Panonychus citri picks up from the citrus garden of Citrus Research Institute Of Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences (Chongqing Bei Bei);
Method 1: cut-off is directly spread the thick sponge of 0.7cm, filter paper for the culture dish of 9cm successively, and diameter reduces gradually, adds water to filter paper, processes water and isolates platform.Win fresh citrus leaves, clean, be cut into smooth fragment; The blade face places downwards and isolates on the platform, with No. zero healthy active female one-tenth mite of writing brush picking, and 30 on every leaf; After treating that the mite body is stable; Reject dead and injured individuality, after being with the mite blade in being diluted to the soup of series concentration, to flood 5s, take out, inhale and remove unnecessary soup.Compare with clear water earlier during processing, each concentration repeats 3 times, and water is isolated platform and placed temperature (25 ℃ ± 1), and RH 85%, and is in the biochemical incubator of illumination LD=16:8, individual with binocular inspection death and survival behind the 24h.Touch the mite body with writing brush, motionless person is death with the mite foot.The gained data are utilized the Abbott formula: proofread and correct corrected mortality=processing lethality-contrast lethality/(1-contrasts lethality) * 100, with IRM (pest resistance to insecticide detects management) computed in software virulence regression equation, the lethal concentration of 50 (LC
50), LC
50The confidence limit of value etc.
Method 2: with reference to IRAC (Insectic ide Resistance Comm ittee2000) method, let alone the 12h of laying eggs, remove into mite, after being with the ovum blade in being diluted to the soup of series concentration, to flood 5s, take out, inhale and remove unnecessary soup.Compare with clear water earlier during processing, each concentration repeats 3 times, and water is isolated platform and placed temperature (25 ℃ ± 1); In the biochemical incubator of RH about 85%, every 24h observes ovum hatching situation, observes 7d; When the contrast ovum was all hatched, handling ovum did not still have the conduct of hatching to judge dead standard, calculates lethality; And use the Abbott formula correction, with the confidence limit of IRM (pest resistance to insecticide detects management) computed in software virulence regression equation, the lethal concentration of 50 (LC50), LC50 value etc.
Experimental result:
The result is like table 1, shown in 2: the ethanol extract of finding burdock is higher to the virulence of tagging of the female one-tenth mite of citrus red mite (crm), LC
50Be 0.0750mgmL
-1The ethanol extract of burdock is also stronger to the virulence of tagging of citrus red mite (crm) ovum, LC
50Be 3.8562mgmL
-1
Table 1 burdock extract is to the virulence of female one-tenth mite of tangerine Panonychus citri and ovum
2. the burdock extract is measured the female one-tenth mite of tangerine Panonychus citri fecundity
Adopt the blade rubbing method.Orange tree takes not execute the blade of medicine from the field, cleans and dries.Blade back is placed in the culture dish of pad one deck wet sponge up, and regional both sides cover with wet cotton, make blade be close to cotton.Insert 30 female one-tenth mites of the same size after being coated with soup on the blade, the egg laying amount of statistics 24h calculates the average egg laying amount of mite of living, the inhibition index of laying eggs and the inhibiting rate of laying eggs.
Inhibition index=(contrast number of eggs laid-processings number of eggs laid)/(the contrasting number of eggs laid+processing number of eggs laid) of laying eggs
Inhibiting rate (%)=(contrast number of eggs laid-processings number of eggs laid)/contrast number of eggs laid * 100 of laying eggs.
Experimental result:
The result is as shown in table 3: when liquor strength was 1g/L, the burdock ethanol extract had certain inhibitory action of laying eggs to the tangerine Panonychus citri.After handling 24h, the inhibiting rate of laying eggs reaches 75%, and the inhibition index of laying eggs is above reaching 0.6000, and the avoidance effect of laying eggs is stronger.
The inhibitory action that table 2 burdock extract is laid eggs to the tangerine Panonychus citri
The above results shows that extract of the present invention has significantly action of contace poison to tangerine Panonychus citri and ovum thereof, and pharmacological action is strong, is indicating well prospect in medicine.Raw material sources are abundant, inexpensive, preparation technology is simple, for the Chinese Plants resource has been opened up new application.
Embodiment
Through concrete instance given below, can further be well understood to the present invention.But it is not to qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With the oven dry of burdock complete stool plant, pulverize, sieve, take by weighing 1000g, add 10 liter of 70% ethanol, 60 ℃ of ultrasonic Extraction 40min, decompress filter repeats 3 times.Merge filtrating three times, after high pressure vacuum filtered, 60 ℃ of rotary evaporations shortened cream into.Its rate of recovery at least 11% is required extract.
Embodiment 2
With the oven dry of burdock complete stool plant, pulverize, sieve, take by weighing 1000g, add 10 liter of 95% ethanol, 70 ℃ of ultrasonic Extraction 40min, decompress filter repeats 3 times.Merge filtrating three times, after high pressure vacuum filtered, 60 ℃ of rotary evaporations shortened cream into.Its rate of recovery at least 13% is required extract.
Claims (5)
1. burdock extract; This burdock extract can be prepared by following method: with the burdock seed is raw material; Through drying, pulverize, sieve, be incorporated as 30%～95% ethanol of 3 parts～30 parts of raw material weights, 30 ℃～70 ℃ following Extraction by Ultrasound three times; Merge extract, decompression recycling ethanol liquid obtains wet medicinal extract, and its rate of recovery 15% is required burdock extract about being.
2. burdock extract according to claim 1, wherein said raw material are the seed of burdock, and the weight of said adding ethanol is 10 parts of said raw material weight.
3. method according to claim 1 adds after raw material adds ethanol, 60 ℃ of following Extraction by Ultrasound three times.
4. the burdock extract uses in the medicament of preparation control pest mite of citrus.
5. the burdock extract uses in the medicament of control tangerine Panonychus citri and other insect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105754295A CN102485002A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Application of burdock extract in harmful citrus mite controlling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105754295A CN102485002A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Application of burdock extract in harmful citrus mite controlling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102485002A true CN102485002A (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010105754295A Pending CN102485002A (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | Application of burdock extract in harmful citrus mite controlling |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105614865A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-01 | 王明春 | Nutritive composition capable of enhancing immunity as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106135311A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-11-23 | 黄武 | One vegetative insecticide |
| CN106490075A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of botanical acaricides and preparation method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-12-06 CN CN2010105754295A patent/CN102485002A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106135311A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-11-23 | 黄武 | One vegetative insecticide |
| CN105614865A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-01 | 王明春 | Nutritive composition capable of enhancing immunity as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106490075A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of botanical acaricides and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120606 |