CN102487966B - Botanical pesticide for effectively controlling Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer, preparation thereof and application thereof - Google Patents
Botanical pesticide for effectively controlling Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer, preparation thereof and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487966B CN102487966B CN 201110367639 CN201110367639A CN102487966B CN 102487966 B CN102487966 B CN 102487966B CN 201110367639 CN201110367639 CN 201110367639 CN 201110367639 A CN201110367639 A CN 201110367639A CN 102487966 B CN102487966 B CN 102487966B
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Abstract
The invention which discloses a botanical pesticide for effectively controlling Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer, a preparation thereof and an application thereof and concretely relates to a pesticide emulsion obtained through the complex formulation of a Macleaya cordata extract, a pomelo peel extract, a Common Pokeweed extract, turpentine and other assistants belongs to the technical field of forest protection. The botanical pesticide which can effectively inhibit the feeding and the growth of Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer larvae can effectively tag out Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer; and main components of the botanical pesticide are safe to the environment safety, so the botanical pesticide has a good exploitation application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the forest protection field, relate in particular to a kind of botanical pesticide and preparation and application that prevents and treats the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine forest.
Background technology
Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) is green barren hill native soil afforestation and the important raw material of industry seeds peculiar for China, that south is main.Masson pine economic worth height, purposes is very extensive.It is wet that masson pine timber is extremely water-fast, is specially adapted to Underwater Engineering.Timber fibre-bearing element 62% is papermaking and man-made fibres industry's important source material after the degreasing, masson pine also is that China mainly produces the fat seeds, and rosin is the important source material of many light, heavy industry, is mainly used in papermaking, rubber, coating, paint, industry such as gluing.Turpentine oil can synthesize pine tar, the processing resin, and synthetic perfume is produced insecticide, and is the synthesis material of many valuable terpenes spices.Pine needle contains the volatile oil of 0.2-0.5%, can extract pine needle oil, is made for the cool spray agent, fragrance for detergents and prepare other synthetic perfumes, but lixiviate tannin extract also.But bark preparing adhesive and wood-based plate.Pine nut oil-containing 30%, except edible, but soap system, paint and lubricated wet goods.Cone can refine crude oil.Pine stump can extract pine tar, also can cultivate valuable traditional Chinese medicine.But the insect pest of masson pine is of a great variety, and its extent of injury is also more serious, and the annual economic loss that causes because of insect pest also is difficult to estimate.
Dioryctria splendidella (Dioryctria splendidella Herrich-Schaeffer) belongs to the Lepidoptera Pyralidae, moth tip type insect, and seeds such as main harm masson pine, wet-land pine tree are one of important damages by forest-insects in Hunan Province.This insect pest broke out in Hunan Province's large tracts of land from 2009, and Hunan Province dioryctria splendidella in 2009 area is taken place reaches more than 260 ten thousand mu according to statistics; Harm takes place and has more than 182 ten thousand mu in Hunan Province in 2010 the only following horse hair pine tree young growth of life in 5 years, has had a strong impact on the health of pine forest.
What at present China used at the control of great forestry insect pests such as dioryctria splendidella is chemical pesticide substantially, and under the situation that the chemical pesticide drawback highlights day by day, some plant insecticides have been subjected to showing great attention to of Chinese scholars.The exploitation of botanical pesticide and application also will become the new trend of pesticide industry, its main advantage is: 1) Chinese Plants kind and One's name is legion, plant is long as historifying of expelling parasite, desinsection, the Environmental compatibility of plant insecticide own is good, at natural world its degradation pathway is smoothly arranged, environmental pollution is little; 2) biologically active is various.The extract of plant own and secretion not only have insecticidal activity, also have the effect of coordinate plant growth concurrently, and its mode of action is various; 3) to higher mammal and pest natural enemy safety; 4) pest is difficult for developing immunity to drugs.Botanical pesticide often contains plurality of active ingredients, and mechanism of action is different with general chemical pesticide, is difficult for making pest to develop immunity to drugs; 5) to farm-forestry crop safety.
From the angle of forestry PCO, from natural insecticidal activity plant, research and develop botanical pesticide safe, effective, low toxicity, have certain realistic meaning to advancing the forestry non-environmental pollution control.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the blank at prior art, botanical pesticide and the methods for making and using same thereof of the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of a kind of effective control masson pine forest is provided, significant to the non-environmental pollution control of masson pine forest.
The objective of the invention is to realize in the following manner:
The botanical pesticide of the main insect pest of a kind of effective control masson pine, be by plant extracts compositional liquor A and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and emulsifier Si Ban-20 3-3.5: 5.5-6 by volume: 1 is mixed forms; Described plant extracts compositional liquor A contains macleaya cordata extracts, the shaddock bark extract, pokeroot extract and terebinthine ethanolic solution, and satisfy macleaya cordata extracts, the shaddock bark extract, pokeroot extract and the turpentine oil content in botanical pesticide is 50-100g/L.
The mass concentration of described ethanol is 50-70%.
Macleaya cordata is got thing among the described plant extracts compositional liquor A, and the leaching process of shaddock skin and pokeroot extract is: respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and are dried, oven dry; Pulverize, use alcohol dipping, ultrasonic extraction twice is extracted 30-60min, vacuum filtration at every turn; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract that water content is 3-5% with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
The said extracted process specifically is respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, and shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and dried, and place 50-70 ℃ of oven dry; Pulverized 40 mesh sieves, and pressed material liquid volume than 0.5-2: 8-10 dipping plant powder 20-30h with 80-95% ethanol, ultrasonic extraction twice is extracted 30-60min, vacuum filtration at every turn; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract shape with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
Each ultrasonic time is 2s in the said extracted process, twice ultrasonic time interval 0.5s, power 1600w.
The preferred following operation of said extracted process: respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and are dried, and place 60 ℃ of oven dry; Pulverized 40 mesh sieves, and pressed 1: 9 dipping of solid-liquid ratio plant powder 24h with 90% ethanol, 45min is extracted in ultrasonic extraction twice at every turn, and extracting temperature is 30 ℃, vacuum filtration; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract shape with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
The preparation method of described botanical pesticide is as follows: take by weighing macleaya cordata extracts earlier, and the shaddock bark extract, the pokeroot extract adds turpentine oil again with the ethanol dissolved dilution of 50-70%, is mixed with plant extracts compositional liquor A; Again with plant extracts compositional liquor A and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and emulsifier Si Ban-20 3-3.5: 5.5-6 by volume: 1 gets final product after being mixed.
Described turpentine oil as synergist, is not active ingredient at this.
Described botanical pesticide is used for control masson pine forest insect pest dioryctria splendidella.
The present invention has following beneficial effect
1) required plant in the botanical pesticide of the present invention, the widely distributed and aboundresources in China.Simultaneously, the shaddock skin raw material that the present invention uses originally belongs to the agricultural byproducts discarded object, and the past, its practical value did not find full expression, and not only caused also contaminated environment of a large amount of wastes; The middle plant pokeroot that uses of the present invention belongs to outer and invades species in addition, is one of China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China forestry pest caution circular plant, and its potential threat is difficult to predict.The present invention utilizes the advantage of two kinds of materials just, " turns waste into wealth " on the one hand; On the other hand, also can play the purpose of control plant ecological invasion to a certain extent.
2) botanical pesticide of the present invention, it is abundant to draw materials, and technology is made simple, and with low cost, environmental pollution is little, has nuisanceless and characteristics no residual hazard, has effectively avoided the harm of chemical pesticide.
3) botanical pesticide of the present invention, composite by between plant extracts on the one hand, greatly reduced insect to botanical pesticide of the present invention produce resistance may, on the other hand, greatly reduce the Financial cost of woodland control by being mixed, and control efficiency is good.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, and unrestricted the present invention.
Macleaya cordata extracts described in the embodiment of the invention, the shaddock bark extract, the pokeroot extract extracts in such a way: respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and are dried, and place 60 ℃ of oven dry; Pulverized 40 mesh sieves, and pressed 1: 9 dipping of solid-liquid ratio plant powder 24h with 90% ethanol, 45min is extracted in ultrasonic extraction twice at every turn, and (each ultrasonic time is 2s, twice ultrasonic time interval 0.5s, power 1600w), extracting temperature is 30 ℃, vacuum filtration; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract shape with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
Embodiment 1
Three kinds of plant extracts are measured the food refusal effect of the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine larva
Adopt non-selective loose tip section method.Earlier will for examination stoste with 60% ethanol be diluted to 100,50,25,12.5, the test liquid of five concentration gradients of 6.25g/L.The individual size of picking and worm consistent healthy larva in age are put into the filter paper 9cm culture dish of preserving moisture, 1 hunger processing of every training ware 6h.Choose the masson pine tip branch of fresh, even thickness and the about 7mm of diameter, it is cut into the juggle of long 20mm, dipping 10s takes out in the test liquid of variable concentrations respectively, dries naturally, is treated to contrast with clear water.Every concentration is handled and is tried 10 of worms, and every processing repeats 5 times, handles being placed on the insectary raising, and 24h, 48h respectively measure a juggle and got the food area after handling, and calculate non-selection food refusal rate.Get the computational methods of food area: the surface area of one section masson pine pine tip section on probation is about 439.6mm
2, get the food area after measuring by the ratiometric conversion that accounts for the gross area.Food area * 100% is got in non-selection food refusal rate (%)=(contrast is got food area-processing and got the food area)/contrast
The results are shown in Table 1, table 2, table 3.
Table 1 macleaya cordata extracts is to the non-selective antifeedant activity of dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes
Table 2 shaddock bark extract is to the non-selective antifeedant activity of dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes
Table 3 pokeroot extract is to the non-selective antifeedant activity of dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes
The result shows that when concentration is 100g/L three kinds of plant extracts all have antifeedant activity preferably to the dioryctria splendidella larva.
Embodiment 2
Three kinds of plant extracts are to the growth inhibitory action of the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine
Loose tip section method is soaked in employing.Choose the masson pine tip branch of fresh, even thickness and the about 7mm of diameter, it is cut into the juggle of long 20mm, dipping 10s takes out in the test liquid of variable concentrations respectively, naturally dry, the loose tip section of handling well is placed the 9cm culture dish, the individual size of picking and the hungry 6h that handles of worm consistent healthy larva in age, every ware inserts one, claims its body weight before inserting.Every concentration is handled 10 of examination worms, and every processing repeats 5 times, handles comparing with clear water.Handle its body weight of back each weighing of 24h, 48h once, discard dead worm and remaining loose tip section behind the 48h, change the fresh loose tip section of handling without test liquid and get food for the examination worm, change once every day, and it is heavy to detect the examination polypide behind the 96h, calculates growth inhibition ratio.
Growth inhibition ratio (%)=(control group increases body weight-processed group and increases body weight)/control group increases body weight * 100%
The results are shown in Table 4, table 5, table 6.
Body weight and the growth inhibition ratio of table 4 dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes after macleaya cordata extracts is handled
Body weight and the growth inhibition ratio of table 5 dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes after the shaddock bark extract is handled
Body weight and the growth inhibition ratio of table 6 dioryctria splendidella 4 instar larvaes after the pokeroot extract-treated
The result shows that when the plant extract substrate concentration was 50-100g/L, the extract of three kinds of plants had the inhibitory action of growing preferably to the dioryctria splendidella larva.
Embodiment 3
Three kinds of plant extracts are to the action of contace poison of the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine
Adopt dip method.With taking out behind the 5s in the examination worm immersion variable concentrations test liquid of individual size and worm consistent health in age, draw unnecessary soup with filter paper, normally raise to the insectary, every concentration is handled 10 of examination worms, every processing repeats 3 times, with clear water as blank, with the positive contrast of commercially available thiophene worm quinoline.After handling 24h, investigation examination worm death condition records total borer population and dead borer population.The results are shown in Table 7, table 8, table 9.
Lethality (%)=dead borer population/total borer population * 100%;
Corrected mortality (%)=(handling lethality-contrast lethality)/(1-contrasts lethality) * 100%
Table 7 macleaya cordata extracts is measured the action of contace poison of 3 ages of dioryctria splendidella, 5 instar larvaes
Table 8 shaddock bark extract is measured the action of contace poison of 3 ages of dioryctria splendidella, 5 instar larvaes
Table 9 pokeroot extract is measured the action of contace poison of 3 ages of dioryctria splendidella, 5 instar larvaes
The result shows that when concentration is 50-100g/L three kinds of plant extracts all have contact toxicity preferably to the dioryctria splendidella larva.
Embodiment 4
Composite dose of action of contace poison to the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine larva of three kinds of plant extracts
The mixture of three kinds of plant extracts is re-dubbed four kinds composite dose of F, F1, F2, F3 respectively in proportion with three kinds of synergist respectively, adopts dip method to the action of contace poison of dioryctria splendidella larva, and detect composite dose composite effect.The results are shown in Table 10, table 11.
Three kinds of plant extracts of table 10 joint toxicity measuring result
Annotate mass ratio: F: B: Y: S=1: 1: 1
F
1: B: Y: S: azone=2: 2: 2: 1
F
2: B: Y: S: turpentine oil=2: 2: 2: 1
F
3: B: Y: S: Tea Saponin=2: 2: 2: 1,
B represents macleaya cordata extracts, and Y represents the shaddock bark extract, and S represents the pokeroot extract, down together.
The composite measure of merit result of three kinds of plant extracts of table 11
| Composite dose | LC 50(g·L -1) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| F | 17.31 | 75.39 | 59.05 | 127.67 |
| F1 | 17.77 | 73.44 | 44.29 | 165.82 |
| F2 | 16.59 | 78.66 | 44.29 | 177.60 |
| F3 | 20.49 | 63.69 | 44.29 | 143.80 |
Annotate: CTC＞150 are the notable synergistic effect;
CTC=150-70 is summation action;
CTC＜70 are antagonism.
The result shows, composite dose of F, F1, F2 are when three kinds of plant extract concentrations are 50-100g/L, and be better to the action of contace poison of dioryctria splendidella larva, and with the synergist among composite dose of F1, the F2, synergistic effect is obvious.Comprehensive two table results select three kinds of plant extract concentrations to be under the 100g/L concentration, and composite dose of F1, F2 are as composite dose to be selected.
Embodiment 5
Different formulations emulsion is to the woodland preventive and therapeutic effect of the main insect pest dioryctria splendidella of masson pine
With the different proportioning component emulsion H that prepare
1, H
2, Y
1, Y
1, dioryctria splendidella is carried out the woodland preventive and therapeutic effect measures, to determine best proportioning component emulsion.
Dioryctria splendidella insect pest masson pine young growth area has taken place in selection, sprays composite emulsion, sprays once every 5 days, and dispenser is 3 times altogether, designs clear water and standard pesticide thiophene worm quinoline simultaneously in contrast, and per 10 seedling are as a processing, and every processing arranges 3 repetitions.Ocular estimate, the whole treetop of investigation in 1,3,7,15 days borer population alive before the medicine, behind the medicine.See Table 13 according to the standard of being infested with insects, calculate control efficiency and see Table 14.Standard and formula are as follows:
Killed plant=(worm strain number/factual survey strain number is arranged) * 100
Control efficiency (%)=(the average killed strain rate of the control group-average killed strain rate of dispenser group)/to organizing average killed strain rate * 100
Table 12 botanical pesticide prescription
Annotate: plant extracts compositional liquor A refers in the table, macleaya cordata extracts, shaddock bark extract, pokeroot extract are pressed 1: 1: 1 mixed thing of mass ratio, solvent is 60% ethanol, make and contain macleaya cordata extracts 50-100g/L in the final botanical pesticide, shaddock bark extract 50-100g/L, pokeroot extract 50-100g/L.
H
1, H
2Synergist, solvent, emulsifier refer to respectively: turpentine oil, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Si Ban-20;
Y
1, Y
2Synergist, solvent, emulsifier refer to respectively: azone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Si Ban-20;
The table 13 pine moth tip insect standard of causing disaster
| Occurrence degree | Occurring degree | Represent numerical value |
| Slightly | Killed plant accounts for below 20% of plant of investigation | 1 |
| Moderate | Killed plant accounts for the 21-50% of investigation plant | 2 |
| Severe | Killed plant accounts for more than 51% of plant of investigation | 3 |
The biogenic pesticide woods of table 14 different volumes ratio is asked and prevents and treats test of pesticide effectiveness result
As can be seen from Table 14, four kinds of different formulations emulsion botanical pesticides of the present invention can both effectively preventing insect pest dioryctria splendidella.H wherein
1, H
2The emulsion control efficiency is better suitable with the control efficiency of standard pesticide thiophene worm quinoline, and H
2Control efficiency and standard pesticide thiophene worm quinoline be in same significance level.Therefore, the selected emulsion formulations of botanical pesticide of the present invention is that plant extracts compositional liquor A, solvent, emulsifier volume ratio are 3-3.5: 5.5-6: 1, and the ultimate density of three kinds of plant extracts is 50-100g/L in the botanical pesticide.
Claims (7)
1. the effective botanical pesticide of control dioryctria splendidella is characterized in that, be by plant extracts compositional liquor A and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and emulsifier Si Ban-20 by volume 3-3.5:5.5-6:1 be mixed and form; Described plant extracts compositional liquor A contains macleaya cordata extracts, the shaddock bark extract, pokeroot extract and terebinthine ethanolic solution, and satisfy macleaya cordata extracts, the shaddock bark extract, pokeroot extract and the turpentine oil content in botanical pesticide is 50-100g/L; Macleaya cordata is got thing among the described plant extracts compositional liquor A, and the leaching process of shaddock skin and pokeroot extract is: respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and are dried, oven dry; Pulverize, use alcohol dipping, ultrasonic extraction twice is extracted 30-60min, vacuum filtration at every turn; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract that water content is 3-5% with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
2. botanical pesticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mass concentration of described ethanol is 50-70%.
3. botanical pesticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and dried, and place 50-70 ℃ of oven dry; Pulverized 40 mesh sieves, and pressed material liquid volume than 0.5-2:8-10 dipping plant powder 20-30h with 80-95% ethanol, ultrasonic extraction twice is extracted 30-60min, vacuum filtration at every turn; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract shape with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
4. botanical pesticide according to claim 3 is characterized in that, each ultrasonic time is 2s, twice ultrasonic time interval 0.5s, power 1600w.
5. botanical pesticide according to claim 4 is characterized in that, respectively with fresh macleaya cordata, shaddock skin, the plant herb of pokeroot or pericarp are cleaned and dried, and place 60 ℃ of oven dry; Pulverized 40 mesh sieves, and pressed solid-liquid ratio 1:9 dipping plant powder 24h with 90% ethanol, 45min is extracted in ultrasonic extraction twice at every turn, and extracting temperature is 30 ℃, vacuum filtration; Filtrate is condensed into the medicinal extract shape with Rotary Evaporators, obtains macleaya cordata extracts respectively, shaddock bark extract and pokeroot extract.
6. the preparation method of any described botanical pesticide of claim 1-5 is characterized in that, takes by weighing macleaya cordata extracts earlier, the shaddock bark extract, the pokeroot extract adds turpentine oil again with the ethanol dissolved dilution of 50-70%, is mixed with plant extracts compositional liquor A; Get final product after 3-3.5:5.5-6:1 is mixed by volume with plant extracts compositional liquor A and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and emulsifier Si Ban-20 again.
7. the application method of any described botanical pesticide of claim 1-5 is characterized in that, is used for the pest control dioryctria splendidella.
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| CN104522059B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中南林业科技大学 | Phytolacca americana extract and application of phytolacca americana extract in preventing and treating dalbergia odorifera anthracnose |
| CN106490002A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of oil-suspending agent for preventing and treating Pentatomiddae class pest and preparation method thereof |
| CN107864788A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-03 | 罗城仫佬族自治县明亿农业开发农民专业合作社 | The prevention and controls of tea oil tree sooty mould |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1105519A (en) * | 1994-01-22 | 1995-07-26 | 赖太宁 | Non-toxic pesticide |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1105519A (en) * | 1994-01-22 | 1995-07-26 | 赖太宁 | Non-toxic pesticide |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 博落回抽提物对黄守瓜、菜青虫的田间药效评价;张胜菊,等;《华中农业大学学报》;20031031;第22卷(第5期);第450-451页 * |
| 商陆等3种植物提取物对菜粉蝶的拒食作用;王国夫,等;《安徽农业科学》;20101231;第38卷(第15期);第8272-8273页 * |
| 张胜菊,等.博落回抽提物对黄守瓜、菜青虫的田间药效评价.《华中农业大学学报》.2003,第22卷(第5期),第450-451页. |
| 王国夫,等.商陆等3种植物提取物对菜粉蝶的拒食作用.《安徽农业科学》.2010,第38卷(第15期),第8272-8273页. |
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