CN102422781A

CN102422781A - Grafting method for thin-bark walnut tree

Info

Publication number: CN102422781A
Application number: CN2011102734398A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢家旺
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-09-15
Filing date: 2011-09-15
Publication date: 2012-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-15
Also published as: CN102422781B

Abstract

The invention provides a grafting method for a thin-bark walnut tree with the advantages of easiness for learning and understanding, low cost, high benefit, short update period and high yield. The grafting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: selecting the walnut tree as a stock; cutting the part of scion branches and trunks, which are inserted into the stock, into a duck-tongue shape; separating barks from lignin parts of the scion branches and trunks; inserting the lignin parts into the bark of the stock; leaving the barks of the scion branches and trunks outside the stock; wrapping the grafted part; when the growth amount of scions exceed 60 centimeters, primarily pinching; when the growth amount of scions exceed 80 centimeters, secondarily pinching; when sprouts on the stock grow beyond the scions, shearing off one half of the sprouts; and after secondary pinching, wiping the sprouts on the stock and removing a bound film on the scion at the same time. The grafting method has a simple flow and over 95 percent of grafting survival rate; and the grafted thin-bark walnut tree fruits in 2 years and enters the high-yield period in 4 years with the yield of over 300 kilos and the seed-kernel rate of over 70 percent.

Description

The grafting method of thin skin walnut

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of grafting method, particularly a kind ofly solve the yielding poorly of walnut, the result is slow, the grafting method of the thin skin walnut of inferior shortcoming.

Background technology

In walnut planting process in the past, yield poorly, as a result the time slow, high yield period needs about 20 years, the poor quality of walnut, kernel percent is low, about 150 kilograms of general walnut kernel percent 35% per mu yields.The rise that the popularization of thin skin walnut is the plantation family purchase introduced variety walnut seedling of going mad, turn a somersault the walnut seedling price on the market; A large amount of false seedling at this time comes into the market in a large number, and much planting the fame of buying back at the family is high-quality thin skin walnut seedling, just finds later on or original common variety in 4 years as a result; These grow up to the pseudonucleus peach seedling of big tree; With a lot of existing graft technologies, but poor, survival rate below 50% and amount of growth very little; Graft technology can not form a flow process, and the big tree reconfiguration that has does not repeatedly have successfully to give the stock that grows up to big tree on the contrary to put in order in the dust.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to solve the yielding poorly of walnut, the result is slow, inferior shortcoming; Emphasis solves plantation pseudonucleus peach seedling and becomes to grow up to the loss that bring to peasant household big tree back; Provide that a kind of understandable, cost poor benefit eager to learn is high, the update cycle is short, the grafting method that output is big:

The grafting method of a kind of thin skin walnut is characterized in that: select for use walnut as stock, select for use the thin skin branch of Semen Juglandis bar of rugosity more than 1 centimeter of leaf bud more than a year or bud satiation to do as scionwood; The part of inserting scion limb on stock is whittled into duck tongue shaped; Separate the skin of scion limb and wooden part, wooden part injects the intracutaneous of stock, and the skin of scion limb is stayed outside the skin of stock; Then grafting place is wrapped up, accomplish the grafting process.

Described stock is selected the above diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of life in 3 years disease-free well-grown walnut or hill walnut below 30 centimeters more than 6 centimeters for use.

Said grafting process is carried out under the situation of not raining, and walnut scion limb is adopted at present at present and connect.

The scion limb of described duck the tip of the tongue shape, duck the tip of the tongue length is no less than 8 centimeters.

Described stock with handsaw girdling half cycle, moves up 5 centimeters earlier at liftoff 10 centimeters places again, and the other half cycle of girdling cuts off bark, guarantees between scion limb and the stock because moisture influences the healing of interface too much.

Described stock is located to cut at 60 to 80 centimeters and is done.

Used instrument carries out disinfection in the described grafting process; Environmental sealing tie up the sealed polyethylene plastic that bar all uses 3 centimeters thickness of width 0.02 and 3 centimeters thickness 0.002 of width; Sealed polyethylene plastic be purchase for the first time use do not need sterilization, be the bigger the better and do not influence illuminance and be as the criterion with transparency.

When the scion amount of growth surpasses 60 centimeters pinching for the first time, grow to pinching once more more than 80 centimeters, then with the top of paper knife, begin the low side of downward standardized cutter to stock parcel, the standardized cutter of each scion from scion limb parcel.

Said grafting process need not carried out bud picking to stock after accomplishing; Checked once in per 5 days after the grafting, when the sprout growth on the stock surpasses the height of scion, cut off the half the of rudiment quantity; By the time the remaining rudiment on the stock of erasing after the pinching is for the second time removed the wrapping film of scion simultaneously.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect: flow process is simple, and graft survival rate is more than 95%, and thin skin walnut 2 annual bearings after the grafting got into high yield period in 4 years, high yield period output more than 300 kilograms, kernel percent is more than 70%.

Embodiment

The grafting method of a kind of thin skin walnut is characterized in that: select for use walnut as stock, select for use the branch of Semen Juglandis bar of rugosity more than 1 centimeter of leaf bud, bud satiation more than a year to do as scionwood; The part of inserting scion limb on stock is whittled into duck tongue shaped, separates the skin of scion limb and wooden part, and wooden part injects the intracutaneous of stock; The skin of scion limb is stayed outside the skin of stock, then grafting place is wrapped up, and accomplishes the grafting process; Described stock is selected the above diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of life in 4 years disease-free well-grown walnut or hill walnut below 30 centimeters more than 6 centimeters for use, promptly can not carry out as long as said grafting process rains, and walnut scion limb is adopted at present at present and connect; The scion of described duck the tip of the tongue shape, duck the tip of the tongue length is no less than 8 centimeters, and described stock is earlier at liftoff 10 centimeters places; With handsaw girdling half cycle, move up 5 centimeters again, the other half cycle of girdling; Cut off bark, just be unlikely between scion and the stock like this because moisture influences the healing of interface too much, described stock is located to cut at 60 to 80 centimeters and is done; The simple sterilization of used instrument get final product in the described grafting process, environmental sealing tie up the sealed polyethylene plastic that bar all uses 3 centimeters thickness of width 0.02 and 3 centimeters thickness 0.002 of width, so long as purchase use the first time; Do not need sterilization, transparency is the bigger the better, and does not influence illuminance; When the scion amount of growth surpasses 60 centimeters pinching for the first time, grow to pinching once more more than 80 centimeters, begin the low side of downward standardized cutter to stock parcel then from the scion top with paper knife; The standardized cutter of each scion gets final product, and said grafting process need not carried out bud picking to stock after accomplishing, and checks once in per 5 days after the grafting; When the sprout growth on the stock surpasses the height of scion; Cut off the half the of rudiment quantity, remaining rudiment on the stock of erasing after the pinching is for the second time by the time removed wrapping film in the scion simultaneously.

Three people of this requirements of process are evolutionary operation simultaneously, the different and utility difference of everyone division of labor.(1) number operation hand uses handsaw and reaping hook.(2) number operation hand uses reaping hook to cut scion.(3) number operation hand carries and uses each volume of polyethylene film of 3 centimeters thickness of width 0.02 and 3 centimeters thickness 0.002 of width.

Flow process begins to have (1) number smooth height 60-80 of operation handgrip stock bark good toughness surface centimetre place to cut bar; Apart from ground 10 public stocks submit and misuse handsaw and open the twice discharge sump; Then with reaping hook saw kerf carve put down the side on plane the bast appearance Lao Pi carve; Carved mouth is to extending below 10 centimeters, and one side is laterally cut an inclined-plane and promptly finished the work on the plane of stock then.

(2) number inclined to one side side of operation handgrip scion is whittled into the shape of the duck the tip of the tongue; Duck the tip of the tongue length is no less than 8 centimeters, rapidly the wooden part of the duck the tip of the tongue is inserted from the sword skin and the wooden joint portion of stock then, and the skin that when inserting, separates scion the lip of the tongue top separates; The wooden part of duck point inserts like this; The crust that skin has been left to outside and stock combines, and such faying face is exactly three veneers, and (2) number operation hand injects that the identical consistent elasticity of stock faying face is suitable has just accomplished operation.

(3) number operation hand begins when (2) number operation hand inserts with 0.02 the polyethylene film colligation stock and the joint portion of scion; Earlier from the middle transverse binding then of leaving behind of scion; Want stressed membrane to reach the effect of sealing with oxygen in the hope of not intaking during colligation; Wrapping up scion at the polyethylene film with 0.002 then, is to want stressed membrane in the wrapping scion, is to protect the moisture of scion not to be evaporated owing to use the purpose of film; The eye of the very little scion of using of film strength can penetrate film and germinate automatically, and a flow process finished to accomplish the grafting process when colligation was good.So long as all unnecessary sterilizations of instrument of grafting operation continuously; Need not carry out bud picking to stock after accomplishing grafting, the rudiment on the stock is the source that earns a bare living, and checks once in per 5 days after the grafting; When the sprout growth on the discovery stock surpasses scion; Cutting off half does not influence scion growth and get final product, the rudiment on the stock of just can erasing after the secondary pinching more than the sprout growth to 80 of scion by the time centimeter, and the wrapping film also is to wait until that scion grows to more than 80 centimeters just can remove in the scion.

Claims

1. the grafting method of a thin skin walnut is characterized in that: select for use walnut as stock, select for use the thin skin branch of Semen Juglandis bar of rugosity more than 1 centimeter of leaf bud more than a year or bud satiation to do as scionwood; The part of inserting scion limb on stock is whittled into duck tongue shaped; Separate the skin of scion limb and wooden part, wooden part injects the intracutaneous of stock, and the skin of scion limb is stayed outside the skin of stock; Then grafting place is wrapped up, accomplish the grafting process.

2. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stock is selected the above diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of life in 3 years disease-free well-grown walnut or hill walnut below 30 centimeters more than 6 centimeters for use.

3. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said grafting process is carried out under the situation of not raining, and walnut scion limb is adopted at present at present and connect.

4. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the scion limb of described duck the tip of the tongue shape, duck the tip of the tongue length is no less than 8 centimeters.

5. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described stock is earlier at liftoff 10 centimeters places; With handsaw girdling half cycle, move up 5 centimeters again, the other half cycle of girdling; Cut off bark, guarantee between scion limb and the stock because moisture influences the healing of interface too much.

6. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stock is located to cut at 60 to 80 centimeters and is done.

7. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: used instrument carries out disinfection in the described grafting process; Environmental sealing tie up the sealed polyethylene plastic that bar all uses 3 centimeters thickness of width 0.02 and 3 centimeters thickness 0.002 of width; Sealed polyethylene plastic be purchase for the first time use do not need sterilization, be the bigger the better and do not influence illuminance and be as the criterion with transparency.

8. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: when the scion amount of growth surpasses 60 centimeters pinching for the first time; Grow to pinching once more more than 80 centimeters; With the top of paper knife, begin the low side of downward standardized cutter to stock parcel, the standardized cutter of each scion then from scion limb parcel.

9. the grafting method of thin skin walnut according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said grafting process need not carried out bud picking to stock after accomplishing; Checked once in per 5 days after the grafting, when the sprout growth on the stock surpasses the height of scion, cut off the half the of rudiment quantity; By the time the remaining rudiment on the stock of erasing after the pinching is for the second time removed the wrapping film in the scion simultaneously.