CN102395801B - 紧固件尖端涂层的化学组成 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种紧固件易驱涂层，该涂层由树脂配制而成，该树脂至少具有两种不同的减摩成分，如硅酮和石墨。一种紧固件和紧固件条带，包括至少具有两种不同减摩成分的树脂配剂。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求第61/170,366号美国临时专利申请的优先权权益，该专利申请的提交日期是2009年4月17日，名称是“紧固件尖端涂层的化学组成(FASTENER TIP COATING CHEMISTRY)”。
发明背景
本发明涉及紧固件涂层，更具体地，涉及紧固件尖端涂层的化学组成，该涂层使得对紧固件驱动变得容易。
如今，在建筑业中，动力驱动器被用来驱动紧固件。在住宅建筑业中，单板层积材(LVL)等工程木的使用处上升态势。LVL是一种高硬质材料，因此通过动力驱动将钉子等紧固件钉入这种材料是比较困难的。动力钉枪(内燃式、无绳式等)必须要有足够的动力以将钉子打入这些材料中。为了满足建筑质量的提高和建筑规范的要求，长钉子的使用量越来越大，而比较长的钉子对动力的要求更高。
带涂层的紧固件(如钉子)已广为人知，这些带有涂层的钉子确实能方便动力钉枪对钉子的驱动。然而，钉钉子所需要的动力(power)仍然很高，对于无绳钉枪来说，随着工具温度的增加，工具的动力会降低，结果导致钉子不能完全钉入，也就是说，钉子仍处于基底(substrate)的表面的上方。
因此，存在对这样一种尖端涂层化学组成的需要：该涂层的化学组成可进一步减小将钉子等紧固件打入基底所需的驱动力。希望的是，这样的涂层不对紧固件的保持力产生负面影响。
发明内容
一种紧固件易驱涂层，该涂层由树脂配制而成，比如丙烯酸树脂，优选地，由多种(如两种)树脂配制而成。优选的涂层由改性丙烯酸共聚物(acryliccopolymers)的胺盐、改性苯乙烯丙烯酸聚合物(styrene acrylic polymers)的氨盐和水配制而成，三者在该涂层中所占重量百分比分别约为0-10.0％、15.0-25.0％及60.0-70.0％。
该涂层包括至少两种不同的减摩成分。两种优选的成分是硅酮和石墨。在本发明的涂层中，按涂层的重量计算，硅酮的比重约为0.12-2.8％，石墨的比重约为0.5-5.0％。
该涂层还可包括一种或一种以上的溶剂或成膜助剂，如乙二醇醚，按涂层的重量计，其在涂层中占的比重约为0-10.0％；表面活性剂，按涂层的重量计，其占涂层的比重约为0-5.0％；和颜料，按涂层的重量计，其占涂层的比重约为0-5.0％。
该涂层还可包括伯胺或多功能胺(multi-functional amine)，如氢氧化铵，按涂层的重量计，其在涂层的比重约为0-1.0％；和防锈剂，按涂层的重量计，其在涂层的比重约为0-1.0％。该涂层可包括黑色颜料。
一种带涂层的紧固件，包括具有尖端的紧固件和在紧固件上(至少在尖端上)的涂层。一种排列的紧固件的条带，包括多个通过条带(如带子带条[tapestrip]或塑料排列[plastic collation])相互连接的紧固件。所述带子带条可采用Shida的第5733085号美国专利中的带子条带，所述塑料条带可为Shelton的美国专利公开号为US 2007-0264102中的塑料条带。这两个专利和本申请被一并转让并通过引用并入本。一种被涂在所述紧固件条带中的每一个紧固件上(至少涂在尖端上)的涂层。一种使紧固件能够轻松打入基底的方法，所述方法包括将用至少由两种不同的减摩成分改性的丙烯酸树脂配制的涂层涂在紧固件上，至少涂在紧固件的尖端。
通过以下的详细说明和所附的权利要求书，本发明的上述和其他方面的特点及优点将更为显而易见。
本发明的详细说明
尽管本发明可以有多种实施形式，本文中只有优选实施例被示出在附图中且将在后文被描述，应当理解本公开为本发明的一个示例，而不意在将本发明局限于本文示出的具体实施例。
另外，说明书本部分的标题，即“本发明的详细说明”，是根据美国专利局的要求命名的，不表示也不应被认为是对在此公开的主题内容的限制。
已知各种易驱钉子涂层配剂(formulation)。这些配剂都有降低将钉子钉入基底所需驱动力的目的，而同时不对钉子的保持力产生负面的影响。
据观察，一种已知的钉子涂层能非常成功地降低钉钉子所需的驱动力，这种涂层是树脂，如丙烯酸树脂，它由改性丙烯酸共聚物的胺盐和改性苯乙烯丙烯酸聚合物的氨盐配制而成，所述胺盐和氨盐分别约占该涂层重量的0-10.0％和15.0-25.0％。其它合适的树脂包括聚氨酯、聚酯、醇酸树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、各种氨基和乙烯或乙烯共聚物。所述配制材料还包括水，按重量计算比重约为60.0-70.0％；溶剂或成膜助剂，如乙二醇醚，其按重量计算比重约为0.0-10.0％；表面活性剂，按重量计算比重约为0-5.0％；颜料，如炭黑颜料，按重量计算比重约为0-5.0％；伯胺或多功能胺，如氢氧化铵，按重量计算比重约为0-1.0％；及防锈剂，按重量计算比重约为0-1.0％。应了解的是，尽管公开了一种水性载体，但也可使用一种溶剂型载体。所有重量百分数都是按所述涂层的重量计算的。
可采用浸涂、喷涂、刷涂或其它该领域技术人员认可的方法来涂覆所述涂层。
本发明的一种易驱涂层包括向钉子涂层的配剂中添加石墨和硅酮(silicone)。实践证明，在将钉子打入LVL及其它基底时，所述改性或增强的涂层相对标准涂层(未用添加剂增强的涂层)大大提高了钉子的穿透力。我们对各种比重的石墨和硅酮进行了调查：按(所述涂层混合物的)重量计算，硅树脂的比重范围大约是0-10.0％，优选为0.12-2.8％，最优为0.30％；石墨的比重范围大约是0-5.0％，优选为0.5-5.0％，最优为1.4％。石墨颗粒的优选尺寸可达约25微米。
我们对九个具有未改性或未增强涂层的钉子样品及22个具有五种改性涂层的钉子样品(如表1所示两排样品，每排11个)进行了试验，以确定对常规钉子(长3-1/4英寸，直径0.131英寸)所需驱动力的降低程度。所述改性涂层标记为F-034、F-036、F-038、F-040及F-042。上述测试是用温度约为180华氏度的工具(视为“热”工具)进行的。通过利用无绳框架钉枪将钉子打进两层LVL板，进行测试。测试结果如下表1所示。
表1-各种石墨和硅酮比重对应的两层LVL板中的钉子的外露高度
上述表1所示的测量数据为钉子被动力钉枪敲入基底后的外露高度或钉子头部的高度，该高度是从基底表面起以毫米为单位计算的。应当认识到，所述高度与钉入难度是相关联的。也就是说，高度越大，钉子就越难钉入。相反的是，高度越小，钉子就越容易钉入。
所述配剂(从F-034-F042)具有一致的树脂成分和不同的硅酮及石墨比重。下表2示出各种添加剂的比重。
表2-添加到标准钉子涂层成分中的硅酮和石墨占涂层重量的百分数
显而易见的是，涂有添加剂的钉子的外露高度一般会大大降低，而加上0.24％的硅酮和1.2％的石墨的添加剂混合物的钉子的外露高度减少的幅度会更大。当使用所述添加剂混合物，最大外露高度的范围约在1.0-6.5mm之间。而当涂层添加剂混合物由0.24％的硅酮和0.5％的石墨组成时，所述范围在0.5-14mm之间；当涂层添加剂成分由0.12％的硅酮和1.2％的石墨组成时，所述范围约在1.5-11mm之间(有在约5.0-7.5mm的集中(clustering))。F-034到F-042的各配剂的标准偏差为1.101、3.851、2.789、3.027和3.766。应当认识到，标准偏差越低，说明外露高度(或驱动性能)越一致且优选的配剂中硅酮和石墨的百分数分别约为0.24％和1.2％。
应当认识到，“热”工具值是最坏情况值，由于温度越高效率越低，所以“热”工具的使用会面临各种额外的挑战。所以，在使用“冷”工具时(如温度约为华氏74度)，预计外露高度会更小。还注意到，尽管并没有提供明确的数据，但是当硅酮的比重增加至约4.0％、石墨的比重增加至约20.0％时，钉子的钉入性能会降低。
还应该注意，拔钉试验结果并未受到所述添加剂的负面影响。实际上，通过使用本发明的涂层，拔钉子的阻力(如保持力)比传统带涂层紧固件增加了20％。这非常意外，并且很显然，这说明所述优点不会对拔出力产生负面的影响。
另外，应当认识到，尽管本公开将硅酮和石墨作为组合添加剂，本发明也可以考虑其它的添加剂，包括但不限于聚四氟乙烯、石蜡等蜡、聚乙烯、乙撑双硬酯酰胺(EBS)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、微粉化聚烯烃、巴西棕榈(有机合成)、硼酸、硅石、硬脂酸锌、含氟表面活性剂、无定形硅酸盐、硅酸铝、硅酸镁(云母)、金属硬脂酸盐、二硫化钼等等。
本发明提到的所有专利都以引用的方式并入本文中，不管本公开的文中是否特意如此。
在本公开中，单词“一”或“一个”都含有单数和复数的意思。相反，在适当情况下，提到复数项时都包含单数。
由上述可知，在不脱离本发明新型概念的真实精神和范围的前提下，还可以做出若干变型和变化。本发明不限于本文提出的具体实施例。根据所附的权利要求书，所有上述变型和变化都在权利要求的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种带涂层的钉子，包括：
带有尖端的钉子；
在钉子上，至少在钉子的尖端上的涂层，所述涂层由经至少两种不同的减摩成分改性的树脂配制而成，
其中所述减摩成分中的一种是硅酮，所述减摩成分中的另一种是石墨，所述硅酮占该涂层重量的0.12-2.8％，所述石墨占该涂层重量的0.5-5.0％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带涂层的钉子，其中所述树脂是丙烯酸树脂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的带涂层的钉子，其中所述涂层由改性丙烯酸共聚物的胺盐、改性苯乙烯丙烯酸聚合物的氨盐和水配制而成，所述胺盐、氨盐和水分别占所述涂层重量的0-10.0％、15.0-25.0％及60.0-70.0％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的带涂层的钉子，还包括：一种或多种乙二醇醚，所述乙二醇醚占所述涂层重量的0-10.0％；表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂占所述涂层重量的0-5.0％；和颜料，所述颜料占所述涂层重量的0-5.0％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的带涂层的钉子，还包括氢氧化铵和防锈剂，所述氢氧化铵和防锈剂都占所述涂层重量的0-1.0％。
6.根据权利要求4所述的带涂层的钉子，其中所述颜料为黑色颜料。
7.一种排列钉子的条带，包括：
多个通过条带相互连接的钉子，每个钉子都具有尖端；
涂层，所述涂层在钉子条带中的每个钉子上，至少在每个钉子的尖端，所述涂层由经至少两种不同的减摩成分改性的树脂配制而成，
其中所述减摩成分的一种是硅酮，所述减摩成分中的另一种是石墨，所述硅酮占该涂层重量的0.12-2.8％，所述石墨占该涂层重量的0.5-5.0％。
8.根据权利要求7所述的排列的钉子的条带，其中所述树脂是丙烯酸树脂。
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| PCT/US2010/031205 WO2010121005A1 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2010-04-15 | Fastener tip coating chemistry |
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| NL2014798B1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-01-27 | Lubo Global Innovation B V | Treaded metallic fastener and process for coating a treaded metallic fastener. |
| CN116769334A (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-09-19 | 陕西星航智钛新材料有限公司 | 一种用于航空紧固件丝材的耐高温高润滑涂层及其应用 |
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