CN102391032A - Organic wheat medical fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic wheat medical fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102391032A CN102391032A CN2011102374778A CN201110237477A CN102391032A CN 102391032 A CN102391032 A CN 102391032A CN 2011102374778 A CN2011102374778 A CN 2011102374778A CN 201110237477 A CN201110237477 A CN 201110237477A CN 102391032 A CN102391032 A CN 102391032A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical fertilizers, and particularly provides an organic wheat medical fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic wheat medical fertilizer consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of rhododendron molle, 6-10 parts of earthworm cast, 15-25 parts of wheat straw and 35-65 parts of farmyard manure. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps of: cutting wheat straw; washing the rhododendron molle with water, airing to withering state, cutting, boiling in water for 20-30 minutes, separating, and collecting rhododendron molle juice and rhododendron molle residues respectively; fully and uniformly stirring the cut wheat straw, the earthworm cast, the farmyard manure and the rhododendron molle residues, composting, spraying the collected rhododendron molle juice onto every compost surface; performing the previous steps repeatedly till composting is completed; and covering and sealing a compost with a plastic film till the compost becomes thoroughly decomposed. By adopting the organic wheat medical fertilizer, 'change of waste into valuable' and 'combination of a fertilizer with a medicament' are realized, and nutritional elements needed by wheat can be supplied comprehensively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, be specifically related to the fertile field of medicine, particularly organic wheat medicine is fertile and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
According to China's development low-carbon (LC), circulation, Organic farming, the agricultural development planning that ensures food safety, in line with the purpose that improves quality of agricultural product, reduces production costs, the green medicine fertilizer of research farm crop becomes a kind of inexorable trend.Medicine fertilizer is a kind of in the green manure.
Green manure (green manure) is the green plants body as fertilizer.Green manure is the biological completely source of manure of a kind of nutrient.Green manure is not only the effective ways that add the source of manure, to improving the soil great role is arranged also, and specifically, green medicine fertilizer has following advantage:
(1) can abundant nutrient be provided for soil.The young young stem and leaf of various green manure contains abundant nutrient, in case in soil decomposition, can increase organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and various trace element in the soil in large quantities.Leguminous greenmanuring crop can also increase the nitrogen in the soil, and according to estimates, the nitrogen in the leguminous green manure has 2/3 from air.
(2) can make difficultly soluble nutrient conversion in the soil, be beneficial to absorbing of crop.The secretory product of green manure crop in process of growth presses the organic acid of back decomposition generation can make phosphorus, the potassium of insoluble in the soil be converted into validity phosphorus, potassium that crop can utilize with turning over.
(3) can improve the physical and chemical character of soil.After green manure ploughs under soil, under action of microorganisms, constantly decompose; Except that discharging the mass efficient nutrient, also form soil ulmin, soil ulmin makes the soil gluing become crumb structure with the calcium bound energy; The loosing soil, ventilative that crumb structure is arranged; Preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, and the performance of regulating water, fertilizer, gas, heat is good, helps plant growth.
(4) activity of promotion soil microorganisms.After green manure is manured into soil, increased fresh organic energy substance, mikrobe is bred rapidly, the movable enhancing promotes the formation of soil ulmin, and the effectuation of nutrient quickens soil-ripening.
At present to the fertile existing a small amount of research of green medicine; Like number of patent application: 200810017355.6 disclose a kind of biological multi-effect fertilizer, are made up of Herba Pileae Scriptae, the bark of ash, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pine needle, Radix Isatidis, golden cypress, aloe, humic acids and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mineral manure; The weight percent of component is: Herba Pileae Scriptae extract 1-2.5%, tuber of stemona extract 1-2.5%, golden cypress extract 1-2.5%, aloe extract 5-10%, pine needle 10-15%, Radix Isatidis 7-10%, bark of ash 7-10%, kuh-seng 10-15%, humic acids 15-20%, available nitrogen 10-20%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5-10%, potassium oxide 5-lo%.Herbal medicine sterilization and disinsection of the present invention, safety non-pollution, combination of pesticide and fertilizer can be adaptable across cash crop such as wheat, cotton, rape, peanut, beans and silkworm and mulberry, tea woods, fruit tree, various vegetables.
Like number of patent application: 200910000714.1 disclose a kind of herbal medicine multifunctional organic fertilizer, are made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: Chinese medicinal ingredients 5, organic substance 95; Said Chinese medicinal ingredients is processed by the Chinese medicinal materials of following weight fraction: 10-15%, trypterygine 15-18%, radix aconiti agrestis 15-18%, kerria's seed 20-22%, Chinese honey locust 5-15%, tuber of stemona 5-7% such as kuh-seng 15-20%, Huang; Said organic substance is made up of the raw material of following weight fraction: dregs of beans 15.8%, alditol slag 21%, agricultural crop straw powder 31.6%, plant ash 31.6%.Herbal medicine multifunctional organic fertilizer production technique of the present invention is simple, and comprehensive one-tenth wood is low, applied widely.
Present existing green medicine fertilizer is not developed to certain farm crop specially, and its specific aim is not strong.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of above prior art, the invention provides a kind of organic wheat medicine fertilizer and preparation method thereof.This organic wheat medicine fat existing " turning waste into wealth ", " fertile medicine unification " have rehabilitating soil, low-carbon (LC) safe functioning; And can supply with wheat desired nutritional element comprehensively.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of organic wheat medicine is fertile,
(1) weight part of raw material consists of:
10 parts-20 parts of Chinese azalea,
6 parts-10 parts of wormcasts,
15 parts-25 parts of wheat stalks,
35 parts-65 parts of farm manures;
(2) raw material of getting said weight part is produced said organic wheat medicine fertilizer according to the following steps:
A) wheat stalk is cut off processing;
B) with Chinese azalea water washing 2-3 time, carry out the cut-off part reason after airing to the wilted condition, in water, boiled then 20 minutes-30 minutes, wherein the mass ratio of Flower of Chinese Azalea and water is 1: 2-3, separate, collect respectively Chinese azalea juice and Chinese azalea residue;
C) beginning compost after the wheat stalk, wormcast, farm manure and the Flower of Chinese Azalea residue that cut off are stirred, highly is a compost face with 10cm-15cm; The Flower of Chinese Azalea juice of collecting is sprayed on each compost face.Accomplish up to compost by that analogy;
D) with plastics film compost is covered airtight good, until compost maturity.
One of meet the following conditions, be said compost maturity:
The heap corruption of a) becoming thoroughly decomposed is brown or chocolate;
B) there is black liquor to discharge;
C) volume ratio of compost has reduced 2/3 to 1/2 before than compost;
D) equally loose with finger afterturn time image dry ground.
The rotten time of the heap of said compost is 45 days to 65 days.
It is that wheat stalk, cogongrass, Tender Catchweed Bedstraw Herb and Root of Chinese Pulsatilla are cut to 1cm-2cm length respectively that the said cut-out of step a) and step b) is handled.
The method that organic wheat medicine is fertile is: carry out whole layer placement of fertilizer: the 65%-70% of the fertile total amount of medicine is made base manure, rake the soil level, put in order ground after spreading fertilizer over the fields; Carrying out whole layer placement of fertilizer tillering remaining medicine fertilizer to be done to topdress by stages to fringe.The fertile total amount of said medicine is to confirm according to fertility state, varieties of plant attribute, cultivation technique and the design output of wheat cultivated land, is generally 450 kilograms/mu-600 kilograms/mu.
Do further explanation and explanation in the face of the present invention down:
Farm manure according to the invention is meant human and animal excreta (water cut≤30%).
The present invention is through a large amount of tests and select excellently, and it is fertile to obtain to be suitable for the medicine that organic wheat growth cultivates, and it is particularly conducive to know-why that organic wheat growth cultivates has:
A. control effect and mechanism (pharmacological action):
(1) the effective pharmaceutical compound of Chinese azalea:
The flower of Chinese azalea contains the toxic component andromedotoxin and Chinese photinia is plain.The leaf of Chinese azalea contains flavonoid, rhodotoxin, sparassol.It distinguishes the flavor of hot, and is poisonous.These species are the poisonous plants that include in Chinese Plants spectrum data storehouse, and its toxicity is that complete stool is poisonous, and flower is maximum with fruit toxicity.The toxicity successive dynasties book on Chinese herbal medicine of this plant is all on the books, and one of the what is called that history spreads " knockout drops " composition is exactly the flower of this kind of plant.
(2) bacteriostatic action of Chinese azalea:
According to relevant bibliographical information, the extract of Chinese azalea all has good inhibitory effect to multiple pathogenic microbes such as Bacillus proteus, green expander roll bacterium, intestinal bacteria, streptococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus, cured appearance bacillus.
B. fertilizer efficiency mechanism:
(1) green manure (green manure) is the green plants body as fertilizer.Green manure is the biological completely source of manure of a kind of nutrient.Green manure is not only the effective ways that add the source of manure, to improving the soil great role is arranged also.Chinese azalea among the present invention (Flower of Chinese Azalea) 10-20% belongs to green manure.
(2) wormcast: natural various organic wastes are after fermentation; Under earthworm Digestive tract proteolytic enzyme, fat anti-enzyme, cellulase and diastatic effect; Decompose rapidly, transform into self or be easy to the nutritive substance that other biological utilizes, after draining, become wormcast.Therefore, wormcast is the product of the Nature in essence, really can satisfy the various demands and the nutritive ingredient of plant-growth all sidedly, plant is had the magical fertilizer efficiency that is difficult to put letter.Wormcast is under any concentration, even very enervated seed or bed plant can not burnt because of excessive.Biologist Darwin once said " except the earthworm faecal pellet, not having fertile soil ".Can change soil physics performance, biological chemical performance after using the wormcast fertilizer; And nutritive element is comprehensive.Can make clay loose, sand is condensed; Can impel the soil air circulation, quicken microbial reproduction, help the plant absorbing nutrient; Can strengthen water conservation, nutrient preserving capability, prevent soil loss; Can sorption the salt based component play exchange interaction, prevent the harm that the use of excessive chemical fertilizer brings; Can decompose the mineral substance in the soil, supply plant utilization; Mix use with other chemical fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency is permanent; Harmless to plant, people, animal, can also enhancement of plant to the resistibility of disease and pest, suppress plant soil-borne diseases, improve crop quality, recover the natural flavor of crop.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1, organic wheat medicine fertilizer nutrient of the present invention is complete, and especially the potassium cellulose content is high, and the lasting period is long; Neither can cause the wheat overgrowing; Under the situation that does not chase after ear manuer, can not cause taking off fertile early ageing yet, and can satisfy the demand of winter wheat fully, realize high yield three big nutritive elements.
2, relative chemical fertilizer, the fat effect of organic wheat medicine is more slow, topdresses and should as far as possible early execute, and promptly before the wheat growth peak occurs, executes down, to satisfy wheat normal growth demand.
3, use organic wheat medicine fertilizer and reduced of the pollution of agriculturalization thing, practiced thrift and produced investment, help promoting green, organic farm products production, also improved farm crop resistance simultaneously, optimized quality farm environment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The described a kind of organic wheat medicine of present embodiment is fertile, is made up of the raw material of following weight part (kg): Chinese azalea (Flower of Chinese Azalea) 15kg, wormcast 6kg, wheat stalk 25kg, farm manure (human and animal excreta of water cut≤30%) 54kg;
According to above parts by weight of raw materials proportioning, the preparation method may further comprise the steps:
1) wheat stalk is cut off processing (2CM length is advisable).
2) with Chinese azalea (Flower of Chinese Azalea) with water washing twice, carry out cut-off part reason (1CM length is advisable) in the sun after airing to the wilted condition.Put into water boil 20 minutes (Flower of Chinese Azalea: the part by weight of water=1: 2), parting liquid, slag.Collect Chinese azalea juice and Chinese azalea residue with the stainless steel cask of cleaning respectively.
3) beginning compost after the wheat stalk, wormcast, farm manure and the Flower of Chinese Azalea residue that cut off are stirred, highly is a compost face with 15CM; The Flower of Chinese Azalea juice of collecting is sprayed on the compost face of 15CM height with atomizer uniformly.Compost is accomplished (all Flower of Chinese Azalea juice sprays completion simultaneously) by that analogy.
4) with plastics film compost is covered airtight good (insulation, water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer).The rotten time of heap was 45 days to 65 days (being become thoroughly decomposed the time by the decision of accumulated temperature total amount).
One of meet the following conditions, be compost maturity:
The heap corruption of (1) becoming thoroughly decomposed is brown or chocolate.
(2) there is black liquor to discharge.
(3) volume ratio of compost has reduced 2/3 to 1/2 before than compost.
(4) equally loose with finger afterturn time image dry ground.
Embodiment 2:
The described a kind of organic wheat medicine of present embodiment is fertile, is made up of the raw material of following weight part (kg): Chinese azalea (Flower of Chinese Azalea) 20kg, wormcast 10kg, wheat stalk 20kg, farm manure (human and animal excreta) 40kg; The preparation method that the described a kind of organic wheat medicine of present embodiment is fertile is identical with embodiment 1 with step.
Embodiment 3:
The described a kind of organic wheat medicine of present embodiment is fertile, is made up of the raw material of following weight part (kg): Chinese azalea (Flower of Chinese Azalea) 10kg, wormcast 8kg, wheat stalk 15kg, farm manure (human and animal excreta) 60kg; The preparation method that the described a kind of organic wheat medicine of present embodiment is fertile is identical with embodiment 1 with step.
Embodiment 4: the application process experiment:
One, test objective
Use organic wheat medicine fertilizer in the result aspect wheat growth law of development, resistance performance and the output for exploring winter wheat, design and implement this test, for the winter wheat green non-pollutionization and organise to produce scientific basis is provided.
Two, test design
Adopt the Da Qu simultaneous test, promptly whole process is used organic wheat medicine fertile (fertile hereinafter to be referred as medicine) for handling, and whole process is used chemical fertilizer and is contrast (ck).Fertilization Structure two is handled respectively with medicine fertile and chemical fertilizer and is carried out base fertilizer and using of once topdressing.Handle dose such as table one.The base fertilizer that chemical fertilizer is handled (ck) is compound fertilizer (N: P: K=22: 11: 12) with topdressing.The fertile base fertilizer of handling of medicine is medicine fertilizer with topdressing.The Da Qu area is 667m2; If three repetitions.
Dose is handled in table one, test
Unit: kilogram/mu
Three, supply the examination material
Supply the examination wheat breed: lay down for a short time No. 6, medicine fertilizer is organic wheat medicine fertile (green manure 40%+ farm manure 60%), and compound fertilizer is fertile for the general goods of buying on the market.
Four, supply examination field piece basic condition
Supply examination field piece to be positioned at 3 groups in Dong Wang village, Han Jing town, Pucheng County, height above sea level 637.2m, 12 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year. 4013.6 ℃ of >=10 ℃ of accumulated temperature. phase frostless season 161-209d. parent soil material is an aeolian accumulation loess in the quaternary period.Earth in the quality, soil fertility are medium; Preceding stubble is a corn, 640 kilograms of per unit area yields; Irrigation condition is general, and it is convenient to exchange.
Five, test-results economic characters comparative analysis
Become fringe phase field to survey product, indoor species test and real cutting and play output tabulation two in fact.From table two, can see; Organic wheat medicine is fertile to be handled; Shine few 1.70 ten thousand fringes except the effective fringe comparison of mu, other proterties such as spike length, grain number per spike, thousand seed weight are all compared according to high or many 0.10cm, 0.9,1.88 grams, and yield result is compared according to 27 kilograms of raising the output; Output amplification is 11.48%, reaches than level of signification.Have this to show, organic wheat medicine is fertile handles not only growth steadily and surely, and growth is normal, and helps the optimization of fringe portion proterties, realizes high and stable yields.
Table two, different treatment wheat proterties and rate ratio be (3 are repeated MV)
Six, test-results resistance comparative analysis
Whole growing is observed and is investigated two and handles the resistance performance, main resistance tabulation three.Can know that from table three fertile processing of organic wheat medicine helps improving the wheat comprehensive resistance, finally directly or indirectly has influence on setting percentage and thousand seed weight, this point has also been verified in the economic characters performance of table two.
Table three, resistance are relatively
Unit: %
Seven, conclusion and discussion
1, this test shows, at medium fertility or field piece on the upper side, and cultivation winter wheat, mu is executed fertile 500 kilograms of organic wheat medicine, can satisfy the demand of winter wheat to three big nutritive elements fully, the realization high yield.
2, organic wheat medicine fertilizer nutrient is complete, and especially the potassium cellulose content is high, and the lasting period is long, neither can cause the wheat overgrowing, under the situation that does not chase after ear manuer, also can not cause taking off fertile early ageing.
3, relative chemical fertilizer, the fat effect of organic wheat medicine is more slow, topdresses and should as far as possible early execute, and promptly before the wheat growth peak occurs, executes down, to satisfy wheat normal growth demand.
4, use organic wheat medicine fertilizer and reduced of the pollution of agriculturalization thing, practiced thrift and produced investment, help promoting green, organic farm products production, also improved farm crop resistance simultaneously, optimized quality farm environment.Therefore, developing green manure energetically, is the important step of development sustainable agriculture and circulation, ecological Organic farming.
Claims (6)
1. an organic wheat medicine is fertile, it is characterized in that:
(1) weight part of raw material consists of:
10 parts-20 parts of Chinese azalea,
6 parts-10 parts of wormcasts,
15 parts-25 parts of wheat stalks,
35 parts-65 parts of farm manures;
(2) raw material of getting said weight part is produced said organic wheat medicine fertilizer according to the following steps:
A) wheat stalk is cut off processing;
B) with Chinese azalea water washing 2-3 time, carry out the cut-off part reason after airing to the wilted condition, in water, boiled then 20 minutes-30 minutes, wherein the mass ratio of Flower of Chinese Azalea and water is 1: 2-3, separate, collect respectively Chinese azalea juice and Chinese azalea residue;
C) beginning compost after the wheat stalk, wormcast, farm manure and the Flower of Chinese Azalea residue that cut off are stirred, highly is a compost face with 10cm-15cm; The Flower of Chinese Azalea juice of collecting is sprayed on each compost face.Accomplish up to compost by that analogy;
D) with plastics film compost is covered airtight good, until compost maturity.
2. fertile according to the said organic wheat medicine of claim 1, it is characterized in that, one of meet the following conditions, be said compost maturity:
The heap corruption of a) becoming thoroughly decomposed is brown or chocolate;
B) there is black liquor to discharge;
C) volume ratio of compost has reduced 2/3 to 1/2 before than compost;
D) equally loose with finger afterturn time image dry ground.
3. fertile according to the said organic wheat medicine of claim 1, it is characterized in that the rotten time of the heap of said compost is 45 days to 65 days.
4. fertile according to the said organic wheat medicine of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is that wheat stalk and Chinese azalea are cut to 1cm-2cm length respectively that the said cut-out of step a) and step b) is handled.
5. the fertile method of the said organic wheat medicine of one of claim 1-4 is characterized in that, carries out whole layer placement of fertilizer: the 65%-70% of the fertile total amount of medicine is made base manure, rake the soil level, put in order ground after spreading fertilizer over the fields; Carrying out whole layer placement of fertilizer tillering remaining medicine fertilizer to be done to topdress by stages to fringe.
6. according to the fertile method of the said organic wheat medicine of claim 5, it is characterized in that the fertile total amount of said medicine is 450 kilograms/mu-600 kilograms/mu.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102875202A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-01-16 | 湖北吉农沃尔特农业有限公司 | Wormcast organic mature and preparation method thereof |
| CN103601549A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-26 | 界首市聚丰家庭农场 | Wheat composite fertilizer suitable for Huaibei Plain |
| CN103641652A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | An organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof |
| CN112931074A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 张量 | Vegetable planting method using straw compost fermentation product to replace chemical fertilizer and pesticide |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102875202A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-01-16 | 湖北吉农沃尔特农业有限公司 | Wormcast organic mature and preparation method thereof |
| CN102875202B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-03-26 | 湖北吉农沃尔特农业有限公司 | Wormcast organic mature and preparation method thereof |
| CN103601549A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-26 | 界首市聚丰家庭农场 | Wheat composite fertilizer suitable for Huaibei Plain |
| CN103641652A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | An organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof |
| CN112931074A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 张量 | Vegetable planting method using straw compost fermentation product to replace chemical fertilizer and pesticide |
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| CN102391032B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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