CN102388216A - 将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置 - Google Patents

将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置 Download PDF

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CN102388216A
CN102388216A CN2010800124930A CN201080012493A CN102388216A CN 102388216 A CN102388216 A CN 102388216A CN 2010800124930 A CN2010800124930 A CN 2010800124930A CN 201080012493 A CN201080012493 A CN 201080012493A CN 102388216 A CN102388216 A CN 102388216A
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protecting sheet
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magnetic cup
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F·古根比奇勒
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M63/0019—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/08—Fuel-injection apparatus having special means for influencing magnetic flux, e.g. for shielding or guiding magnetic flux
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8053—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving mechanical deformation of the apparatus or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8061—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving press-fit, i.e. interference or friction fit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F02M2200/9069—Non-magnetic metals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置，包括具有轴向可移动喷嘴阀针(17)的喷嘴(5)，其(17)为了控制它的开启-和关闭运动可以被在充注以燃料的控制腔(13)中占据的压力沿轴向施加作用，其中控制腔(13)中的压力通过将至少一个燃料用入口-或出口通道(14)打开或关闭的电磁阀(7)被控制，其中电磁线圈(28)与衔铁(27)配合作用并与该衔铁(27)连接可挤压到一阀座(15)上的阀关闭元件，其中该衔铁(27)被配置在衔铁腔(19)中，其中通入该入口-或出口通道(14)，该电磁线圈(28)在衔铁腔侧被金属保护板(30)覆盖。

Description

将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置
本发明涉及一种用于将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置，包括一个具有一个轴向可移动的喷嘴阀针的喷嘴，其为了控制它的开启-和关闭运动可以被在充注以燃料的控制腔中的压力沿轴向地施加作用，其中控制腔中的压力通过一个将至少一个燃料入口-或出口通道打开或关闭的电磁阀被控制，其中一个具有线圈骨架的线圈与一个衔铁配合作用并一个可挤压到阀座上的阀关闭元件与该衔铁连接，其中该衔铁被配置在一个衔铁腔中，该入口-或出口通道通入其中。
在内燃机、特别是共轨喷油系统的伺服控制喷射装置中喷射的控制借助一个电磁阀实现。电磁阀可控制燃料从一喷嘴之控制腔中的排出。现有技术中一个伺服控制的喷射装置被描述在图1中。
图1示意表明了一个模块化同路喷油系统的结构配置。从燃料箱1借助一个输送泵2抽取燃料并被高压泵3带到必需的系统压力上且被输送到喷射装置4中。喷射装置4包括一个喷嘴5，一个节流板6，一个电磁阀7，一个设有一高压存储器(未示出)的喷嘴基体8和一个喷嘴张紧螺母9，其将上述构件固定一起。在静止状态中电磁阀7被关闭，因此高压燃料从高压通孔10通过横向槽11和入口节流12流入到喷嘴5的控制腔13中，但从控制腔13通过电磁阀7之阀座15处出口节流14的排出被锁闭。在控制腔13中占据的系统压力与喷嘴弹簧16的力共同地挤压该喷嘴阀针17到喷嘴阀针座18中，因此喷射孔24被关闭。
如果电磁阀7被操作，其中电磁铁被控制并且电磁阀元件27即克服电磁阀弹簧26的力被从阀座15上提起，从而释放通过阀座15的流通，进而燃料从控制腔13通过出口节流14，电磁阀衔铁腔19，排流隙缝20，卸载孔21和低压孔22流回到燃料箱1中。这就在控制腔13中产生一个通过入口节流12和出口节流14之流通横截面限定的平衡压力，它是如此的小，以至于在喷嘴腔23中占据的系统压力能够使在喷嘴本体29中轴向可移动导行的喷嘴阀针17打开，因此该喷射孔24被释放并实现喷射。
基于电磁阀7的几何结构该实际的电磁线圈28(由一塑料-线圈骨架和铜线绕组构成)处于直接与燃料相接触，因此在系统中、特别在塑料结构件-如它们被应用于电磁线圈28的线圈骨架-情况下出现气蚀时就可能由于气蚀发生损坏。其中气蚀产生于如下情况：
在开启的阀座15情况下该衔铁27直接靠置在磁杯25的升程限位上，因此在衔铁27和磁杯25之间只还留下一个很小的、50-80μm的余气隙。如果该(电)磁(阀)被关断，则在这个余气隙中由于阀门弹簧26的力产生一个如此强烈的负压，以至于在余气隙中存在的燃料在短时间里至少部分地汽化。在进一步的程序中又发生一个压力提升，以至于这些汽泡压爆。如果这个发生在电磁线圈28之线圈骨架的表面上，则在那里发生气蚀，其在长的运行时间情况下即向前推进地直达电磁线圈28的铜线绕组并可能最终使这个破坏，这样就导致电磁阀7的失效。
现在本发明的目标是，避免这种由于气蚀导致的损坏。
为了解决这一任务，开头所述类型的喷射装置基本被如此地改进，以便该电磁线圈在衔铁腔侧被一金属保护板覆盖。电磁线圈之面对衔铁腔的表面也就是说电磁线圈之承受气蚀的侧通过本发明设置一个金属保护板被有效地保护以防止损坏。通过这种设置一个金属保护板的、在结构上特别简单的修改措施即成功地实现完全有效地防止在(塑料-)线圈骨架上的气蚀作用，同时无需在线圈骨架上实施结构改变或适配或材料改变。其中该线圈骨架本身、而且特别是电磁阀线圈的铜线绕组能被保护。
设置金属保护板具有一个让喷射装置尽可能小的重量增加之结果，从而以优选方式规定，该保护板被设置为环形的结构并且被安置在磁杯之容纳线圈的环形空间中或覆盖住该空间。
保护板的固定可以不同的方式实现。作为例子一个优选的扩展方案规定，保护板被挤压到磁杯中。这具有优点在于，在足够高固定力的同时还可简便的安装。
作为选择，可以规定，保护板被与磁杯相焊接。
另一个优选的结构方案规定，该环形的保护板借助可反卡该保护板的舌件被固定在磁杯的空间中，其中该舌件有利地是利用磁杯材料的成形的，优选通过一个具有前伸齿牙的冲制工具的压制。
本发明设置一个金属保护板，依照自然法则隐藏着危险是，该电磁体的功能方式被影响。特别是可能发生一个对磁力线的干扰。为了防止这种负面的影响，按照一个优选的结构方案规定，该保护板由一种不干扰磁力线的金属、最好是由不锈钢构成。
下面借助一个附图中示意表明的实施例详细地解释本发明。在这些(附图)中图2表明了一个图1之喷射装置的细节视图，其装有本发明的保护板，图3表明了一个选择性实施例，图4表明了另一个选择性实施例。
图2表明了一个本发明磁杯25的具体实施例。在实际的电磁线圈28前面为了起保护作用，安置了一个金属板30，其在它的侧边缘31处被挤压到磁杯25中。金属板30最好是被如此提供，以便它不会干扰磁环路中磁力线的结构，作为例子通过应用一种不锈钢。
图3表明了本发明一个选择性具体实施。金属板30在位置32处被与磁杯25相焊接。
图4表明了本发明另一个选择性具体实施例。金属板30在第一步骤中被松驰地在电磁线圈28的前面置入磁杯25中。在第二步骤中借助一个冲制工具33被压制，该冲制工具33沿圆周地置有多个、最好是6-8个在线圈窗口的里边和外边伸出的齿牙34。通过将冲制工具33挤压到磁杯25上在磁杯的极表面区域中发生一个变形并形成舌部35，其防止金属板30的掉出并将其固定在它的位置上。

Claims (7)

1.将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置，包括具有轴向可移动喷嘴阀针的喷嘴，喷嘴阀针为了控制它的开启-和关闭运动可以被在充注以燃料的控制腔中存在的压力沿轴向施加作用，其中控制腔中的压力通过将至少一个燃料入口-或出口通道打开或关闭的电磁阀被控制，其中电磁线圈与衔铁配合作用并且可挤压到阀座上的阀关闭元件与该衔铁连接，其中该衔铁被设置在衔铁腔中，该入口-或出口通道通入其中，其特征在于：
该电磁线圈在衔铁腔侧被金属保护板(30)覆盖。
2.按权利要求1的装置，其特征在于：
保护板(30)被设置为环形的结构并被设置在电磁阀(7)之容纳线圈(28)的环形空间中或被覆盖该空间地设置。
3.按权利要求1或2的装置，其特征在于：
保护板(30)被挤压到磁杯(25)中。
4.按权利要求1-3之一的装置，其特征在于：
保护板(30)被与磁杯(25)相焊接。
5.按权利要求2-4之一的装置，其特征在于：
该环形的保护板(30)借助反卡该保护板(30)的舌部(35)被固定在磁杯(25)的空间中。
6.按权利要求5的装置，其特征在于：
舌件(35)被由磁杯(25)的材料成形，最好通过具有伸出齿牙(34)的冲制工具(33)成形。
7.按权利要求1-6之一的装置，其特征在于：
保护板(30)由不干扰磁力线的材料构成，最好由不锈钢构成。
CN201080012493.0A 2009-03-17 2010-03-16 将燃料喷射到内燃机燃烧室中的装置 Active CN102388216B (zh)

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CN114458508A (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-05-10 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于永磁实现高动态响应的电磁-永磁耦合的高速电磁阀
WO2024067738A1 (zh) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-04 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 电控喷油器以及内燃机

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KR101328442B1 (ko) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-14 자동차부품연구원 디젤엔진용 직접분사식 인젝터
DE102012219978A1 (de) * 2012-10-31 2014-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetbaugruppe für ein Magnetventil
DE102017109947B9 (de) 2016-05-10 2023-08-03 Denso Corporation Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung
CN106050497B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2018-06-12 哈尔滨工程大学 可变控制自锁式电磁喷油器

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CN102388216B (zh) 2014-07-09
JP5296920B2 (ja) 2013-09-25
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