CN102381911A - Ecological diammonium phosphate as well as preparation method and application thereof in agriculture or forestry production - Google Patents
Ecological diammonium phosphate as well as preparation method and application thereof in agriculture or forestry production Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses ecological diammonium phosphate as well as a preparation method and an application thereof in agriculture or forestry production, belonging to the fields of agriculture and forestry. Ecological diammonium phosphate takes an ecological diammonium phosphate semi-finished product as a core and is externally coated by an organic coating liquid, plant probiotics, a moderate element additive and a trace element additive. Compared with the prior art, ecological diammonium phosphate disclosed by the invention can provide multiple nutrients for crops in a long-lasting and balanced mode according to the different requirements of crops on nutrients in different growth periods, can be used for adding sensitive moderate-trace elements in special articles for crops and preventing and controlling the generation of element deficiency diseases of plants, vegetables and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological diammonium phosphate and preparation method thereof and the application in agricultural or production of forestry.
Background technology
China has about 18.26 hundred million mu of cultivated area, and per capita less than 1.35 mu, and existingly ploughs constantly occupied and reduce.The output capacity that improves limited land resources is the key problem of building modern agriculture.As everyone knows, owing to reasons such as volatilization, leaching, runoff, the confinements of soil metals ion, single utilization ratio to fertilize is very low, and most of available nutrient runs off.Utilization rate of fertilizer is low, directly causes agricultural cost to increase and environmental pollution.Data according to statistics, only phosphate fertilizer is one, in about 1,500 ten thousand tons (pure) of the annual amount of application of China, just has 8,000,000 tons (pure) to be lost through different approaches, and loss is worth tens billion of.Ministry of Agriculture's latest report: during 1980 to 1999 nearly 20 years, China's increases in grain production 34.4%, and applying quantity of chemical fertilizer increases up to 349%, rate of growth is far above increases in grain production speed.But, because China's chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low, particularly nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, the rate of loss of annual farmland nitrogenous fertilizer is 33.3%～73.6%, average total loss rate is about 60%; The rate of loss of phosphate fertilizer is 30.4%～75.6%, and average total loss rate is about 55%.And on the other hand; Because irrational excessive chemical fertilizer of using has caused again farm crop, soil, water body and atmospheric negative impact; Such as soil compaction; Fertility level descends does not have reserve strength, and the fertilising economic benefit glides, and quality of agricultural product reduces---i.e. and so-called " melon is not fragrant, fruit is sweetless, dish is tasteless ".Ammonia in the nitrogenous fertilizer nitrated increases nitrate salt in the water body, nitrite content, cause agricultural-food especially in the vegetables nitrate salt, nitrite content exceed standard, HUMAN HEALTH is threatened.Phosphate fertilizer makes the eutrophication of water body that algae and waterplant are bred in a large number, and the remains after these plant death decompose causes water hypoxia again, water quality deterioration, and fishery products such as fishes and shrimps are dead or the like, equally the mankind constituted a threat to.The nitrous oxide that the decomposition of nitrogenous fertilizer, volatilization, nitrated---denitrification forms causes ultraviolet ray to penetrate atmospheric layer to the destruction of atmospheric ozone layer tellurian is worked the mischief or the like.How to alleviate above-mentioned negative impact, it is minimum that it is reduced to, and this is that China's agricultural realizes that Sustainable development presses for the problem of solution.
Summary of the invention
In the present specification, ecological diammonium phosphate is a kind of plant growth nutrient.
In the present specification, particularly point out like nothing, the component ratio is weight ratio.
In the present specification, fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis can obtain from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
One of the object of the invention provides a kind of ecological diammonium phosphate; This ecology diammonium phosphate is carrier with the diammonium phosphate, the preparation method of the plant growth nutrient of trace element that macroelement such as composite organic matter, sulphur, calcium and plant are responsive and lichens genus bacillus etc.
A kind of ecological diammonium phosphate, this ecology diammonium phosphate is a core with ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process, the organic coated liquid of coated outside, plants probiotics, moderate-element additive and trace mineral supplement.
Said organic coated liquid contains organic 20～50 wt %, nitrogen 1～5wt %, potassium 1～5wt %, molybdenum 1～3wt %; Said organic matter contains yellow humic acid 5～10 wt %, hymatomalenic acid 14～35 wt % and amino acid/11～5wt %.
Said ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process are processed through following steps:
1) extract brown coal with 15～30% potassium hydroxide solution, the back adds 1～5 part of sal epsom, 10～20 parts of zinc sulfate, 2～10 parts of manganous sulfates, 1～5 part of Sodium Tetraborate, 1～8 part of ferrous sulfate, again through mixing, makes organic active liquid A;
2) phosphoric acid and gas ammonia 1:1 feeding in molar ratio pump circulation ammonia neutralizer are carried out neutralization reaction, make phosphor ammonium slurry B;
3) with 2) in the phosphor ammonium slurry B that obtains, imitate tube still heaters through two and carry densely, add organic active liquid A, phosphor ammonium slurry B: organic active liquid A=100: (8～20) (volume ratio) makes enriching slurry C;
4) enriching slurry C carries out the secondary neutralization reaction through pump delivery to secondary pump circulation ammonia neutralizer, and the mol ratio of control phosphoric acid and gas ammonia is 1: (1.4～1.95), granulating and drying, screening get ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process.
As preferably, said organic matter contains yellow humic acid 5～10 wt %, hymatomalenic acid 14～35 wt % and amino acid/11～5wt %.
As preferably, said trace element is a trace element more than three kinds or three kinds.
As preferably, said trace element is Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Zn, Mo.
As preferably, said plants probiotics is made up of fixed nitrogen series bacillus and Bacillus licheniformis.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned ecological preparation method of diammonium phosphate, may further comprise the steps:
1) by ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D: organic coated liquid: plants probiotics=(996～980): (3～15): (1～5) weight ratio coating in coating machine.
2) face powder polishing.
A purpose more of the present invention is that above-mentioned described ecological diammonium phosphate is applied in agricultural, the production of forestry.
As preferably, said wheat, corn, paddy rice or the vegetable melon and fruit of being applied in spreaded manuer in holes, spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure.
Inventive principle and beneficial effect:
1, after adding fixed nitrogen series bacillus and Bacillus licheniformis and humic acids, nitrogen use efficiency improves 20～40 percentage points, and phosphorus utilization improves 15～30 percentage points, and the plant K uptake improves more than 1.5 times, and this is one and belongs to the purpose important breakthrough throughout the world.
2, adopt the method for face powder that organic coated liquid, plants probiotics, moderate-element additive and trace mineral supplement are coated on the ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process; Introduce humic acids organic matter, plants probiotics, trace element, improve its available nutrient function that discharges and the content and the physiologically active that increase its functional group.
3, production technique is reasonable, and adds plants probiotics with suitable step, avoids and prevented mass mortality in the plants probiotics implantation high-content fertilizer effectively.Through the enforcement of technique scheme, guaranteed each item quality index of plant growth nutrient and to effect and the effect of farm crop.
4, these article contain the required macronutrient N of plant growth, P and in, trace element; Through humic acids, amino acid, plants probiotics coating; Can be according to the difference of crop different growing stages nutrient demand;, equilibrium long-acting for crop provides multiple nutrient, in the Different Crop special product sensitivity, the generation that exceeds standard of nutritional deficiency disease such as the interpolation gram control plant of trace element and vegetables and objectionable impurities.The face powder coating of humic acids has the release rate of nitrogen nutrient in the ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process of control; Make it to be complementary with plant-growth; Humic acids and plants probiotics have fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect and quicken the release and the running of various nutritive elements simultaneously, reduce the fixing and loss of fertilizer in the soil, improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Pollution abatement, the protection environment.
5, improve the soil, hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid FA itself are a kind of colloidalmaterials, combine with the mineral colloid of soil through some positively charged ions (like the Ca2+ bridge), form organic mineral colloid complex body (the positively charged ion complexing colloid of hymatomalenic acid and yellow phytic acid); Hymatomalenic acid, this high molecular polymer of yellow humic acid FA, flocculation takes place in soil for it becomes a kind of cementing agent, can get up the dispersive soil particle cementation; Fine through the formed crumb structure water stability of above two kinds of physics chemical action, promoted the soil microstructure improvement, porosity increases; Unit weight reduces, loosing soil, and physico-chemical property and biology shape are improved; Alleviated owing to use the situation that hardens that chemical fertilizer causes soil, control heavy metal pollution of soil, humic acids are participated in soil intermediate ion permutoid reaction; Heavy metal ion adsorbed the fixing in the soil, prevent that their from getting into biological cycle; Ability stable soil structure; For the soil microorganisms activity provides the matrix and the energy, thereby affect indirectly heavy metal in soil ionic mobility, the heavy metal ion complex reaction in humic acids and the soil; Play heavy metal-passivated ion, prevent that heavy metal ion from getting into the work of families of plant in a large number.
6, the drought resisting effect of uniqueness; Hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid can make crop leaf pore Zhang Du dwindle; Reducing moisture evaporation, make plant and Soil conservation than juicy, is a kind of ideal evaporation suppressor; Under the general deficient severe situation of our times Freshwater resources, hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid are significant in drought resisting and the effect unique resisted aspect the hot dry wind harm.Hymatomalenic acid can promote root system development and improve the root system vigor, has strengthened plant suction, fertilizer sucting ability, makes plant growth healthy and strong, and drought-resistant ability improves.
7, the multiple functional group of hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid (functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl) can activate and improve the activity of useful microbe and plurality of enzymes in the soil in these article; Activate and improve the activity and increase chlorophyll content of plurality of enzymes in the plant materials; Make metabolism vigorous, photosynthesis is strengthened, and has accelerated nutrient absorbing; Protein, sugar, dimension C and dry-matter increase; Anti-adversity abilities such as cold-resistant, drought resisting improve, and make fruit shift to an earlier date painted maturation, quality improving, obtain high yield, high-quality, high value (the going on the market property of cash crop).
8, hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid itself are a kind of good complexing agents, generate inner complex with divalent ion, make it soluble in water, have improved plant to trace elements absorbed and running ability.
9, hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid have good restraining to be harmful to fungus grown in the product, diseases prevention, resistant effect, and it can form the complex body of agricultural chemicals-hymatomalenic acid and yellow humic acid with agricultural chemicals through physics chemical action; Reduce the rate of decomposition of agricultural chemicals, make pesticide synergistic, consumption reduces; Reduce residual; Help the exploitation of green food, improved the security of agricultural-food, alleviated environmental pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ecological diammonium phosphate preparation technology of the present invention schema.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is described further below.
Prepare ecological diammonium phosphate by the described ecological diammonium phosphate preparation technology's schema of Fig. 1, concrete technology is following:
1) brown coal is crushed to≤100 orders; Press brown coal: the weight ratio of alkali=1:1～7 adds 15～30% potassium hydroxide solution; Transform 0.5～2h at 50～90 ℃; After mixing, add 1～5 part of sal epsom, 10～20 parts of zinc sulfate, 2～10 parts of manganous sulfates, 1～5 part of Sodium Tetraborate,, make organic active liquid A again through mixing;
2) phosphoric acid and ammonia neutralizer of gas ammonia 1:1 feeding are in molar ratio carried out neutralization reaction one time, make phosphor ammonium slurry B;
3) with phosphor ammonium slurry B, imitate tube still heater through II and carry densely, add organic active liquid A, adding volume ratio is phosphor ammonium slurry B: organic active liquid A=100: (8～20) make enriching slurry C.
4) enriching slurry C carries out the secondary neutralization reaction by pump delivery to secondary ammonia neutralizer after I is imitated tube still heater; The mol ratio 1 of control phosphoric acid and gas ammonia: (1.4～1.95); Be that degree of neutralization is: 1.4～1.95; The product that from secondary pump circulation ammonia neutralizer, comes out is after conveyer trough is delivered into moisture eliminator and carries out granulating and drying, and screening promptly gets ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D;
5) ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D is delivered to the coating machine coating with belted electronic balance.Coating is in ecological two ammonium work in-process D: organic coated liquid: probiotic bacterium (fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis)=(996～980): (3～15): the ratio of (1～5) is carried out coating, promptly gets ecological diammonium phosphate through face powder polishing metering packing again.When coating, also add 1～5 part of sal epsom, 10～20 parts of zinc sulfate, 2～10 parts of manganous sulfates, 1～5 part of Sodium Tetraborate, 1～8 ferrous sulfate and carry out coating
together.
Fixed nitrogen series bacillus, its mutual ratio of Bacillus licheniformis are inessential in the above-mentioned steps.
Organic coated liquid in the above-mentioned steps contains organic 20～50 wt %, nitrogen 1～5wt %, potassium 1～5wt %, molybdenum 1～3wt %; Said organic matter contains yellow humic acid 5～10 wt %, hymatomalenic acid 14～35 wt % and amino acid/11～5wt %.This organic coated liquid is produced through following steps:
Step 1: brown coal are pulverized (≤100 order); Press brown coal: the weight ratio of alkali=1:1～7 adds 5～15% potassium hydroxide solution; Under 80～100 ℃ in the boiling extractor boiling extract 1～2h, extracting solution press the ydrogen peroxide 50 of weight ratio adding 10% in filtrating of 50:3～5 after pressure filter separates slagging-off; In 50～69 ℃ in activated bath oxygen separated activation 3～4 hours, make activation solution A;
Step 2: with glutamate production high-concentration waste liquid heating concentrate carry dense, filtering separation in strainer, get filter cake 100～120 ℃ dry 10～60 minutes down, pulverize in (≤150 order), make pulvis B;
Step 3: the activation solution A that obtains in 1000 parts of steps 1 is added in the mixing tank; Add 35～40 parts of ammonium molybdates down at 40～60 ℃, add 150～300 parts of pulvis B after waiting to dissolve again, mix; Add 10 parts of synergy methyl catechol and 5 parts of molasses, promptly get organic coated liquid.
Experiment 1:
1) brown coal is crushed to≤100 orders; Press brown coal: the weight ratio of alkali=1:4 adds 25% potassium hydroxide solution; Transform 0.5～2h at 50～90 ℃; After mixing, add 3 parts of sal epsom, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 6 parts of manganous sulfates, 3 parts of Sodium Tetraboratees,, make organic active liquid A again through mixing;
2) phosphoric acid and ammonia neutralizer of gas ammonia 1:1 feeding are in molar ratio carried out neutralization reaction one time, make phosphor ammonium slurry B;
3) with phosphor ammonium slurry B3, imitate tube still heater through II and carry densely, add organic active liquid A, adding volume ratio is phosphor ammonium slurry B: organic active liquid A=100:14 makes enriching slurry C.
4) enriching slurry C carries out the secondary neutralization reaction by pump delivery to secondary ammonia neutralizer after I is imitated tube still heater; The mol ratio 1:1.6 of control phosphoric acid and gas ammonia; Be that degree of neutralization is: 1.6; The product that from secondary ammonia neutralizer, comes out is after conveyer trough is delivered into moisture eliminator and carries out granulating and drying, and screening promptly gets ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D;
5) ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D is delivered to the coating machine coating with belted electronic balance.Coating is in ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D: organic coated liquid: the ratio of probiotic bacterium (fixed nitrogen series bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis)=985:9:3 is carried out coating, promptly gets ecological diammonium phosphate through face powder polishing metering packing again.When coating, also add 3 parts of sal epsom, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 6 parts of manganous sulfates, 3 parts of Sodium Tetraboratees, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate and carry out coating together.
Experiment 2:
Experiment 1 prepared ecological diammonium phosphate is used for corn planting.Supply examination corn variety Dongdan 60, soil is brown earth, and planting type is potted plant, and the basin alms bowl is 30 centimetres of (external diameter) * 30 centimetre (highly), selects corn seedling of the same size transfer.10 centimetres of each basin transfer corn two strain, spacings are tried 10 basins altogether; Maize culture test: ecological diammonium phosphate 13 grams that each basin is spreaded manuer in holes and tested 1 gained, urea 19 grams, 11 gram Repone K;
Experiment 3:
With experiment 1 prepared ecological di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
AmmoniumBe used for wheat planting.Supplying the examination wheat breed is Henan wheat No. 28, and soil is brown earth, and planting type is potted plant, and the basin alms bowl is 30 centimetres of (external diameter) * 30 centimetre (highly), selects wheat seedling of the same size transfer.Each basin transfer wheat 6 strain tries 10 basins altogether.Each basin is spreaded manuer in holes
Give birth toAttitude diammonium phosphate 13 grams, urea 19 grams, 11.2 gram vitriolate of tartar.
The contrast experiment 1:
Except that the plant growth nutrient difference that adopts, all the other conditions are with experiment 2.What this experiment was adopted is Tongzhou, Jiangsu humic acid membrane wrapping diammonium phosphate 13 grams.
The contrast experiment 2:
Except that the plant growth nutrient difference that adopts, all the other conditions are with experiment 3.What this experiment was adopted is skyization (Yunnan trinucleated 64-18-46-0 tradition method diammonium phosphate) diammonium phosphate 13 grams.
Experiment 2 is with contrast experiment's 1 experimental result: experiment 2 comparisons are than experiment 1 average 3～10 days maturations in advance, fuller, the average amount of increase in production 3%～10% of seed.
Experiment 3 is with contrast experiment's 2 experimental results relatively: experiment 3 comparisons are generouser than experiment 2 blades, mean fruit weight increases, single favour seed on average Duo 5%～10%, average amount of increase in production 5%～12%, and on average ripen in advance is 3～10 days.
Above the preferred embodiment for the present invention has been done detailed description; But the present invention also is confined to above-mentioned embodiment incessantly; Most of every in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, making various variations under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention all within the scope of the present invention's protection.
Claims (8)
1. ecology two ammoniums, it is characterized in that: this ecology diammonium phosphate is a core with ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process, the organic coated liquid of coated outside, plants probiotics and trace mineral supplement;
Said organic coated liquid contains organic 20～50 wt %, nitrogen 1～5wt %, potassium 1～5wt %, molybdenum 1～3wt %; Said organic matter contains yellow humic acid 5～10 wt %, hymatomalenic acid 14～35 wt % and amino acid/11～5wt %;
Said ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process are processed through following steps:
1) extract brown coal with 15～30% potassium hydroxide solution, the back adds 1～5 part of sal epsom, 10～20 parts of zinc sulfate, 2～10 parts of manganous sulfates, 1～5 part of Sodium Tetraborate, 1～8 part of ferrous sulfate, again through mixing, makes organic active liquid A;
2) phosphoric acid and ammonia neutralizer of gas ammonia 1:1 feeding are in molar ratio carried out neutralization reaction one time, make phosphor ammonium slurry B;
3) with 2) in the phosphor ammonium slurry B that obtains, imitate tube still heaters through two and carry densely, add organic active liquid A, phosphor ammonium slurry B: organic active liquid A=100: (8～20) (volume ratio) makes enriching slurry C;
4) enriching slurry C carries out the secondary neutralization reaction through pump delivery to secondary ammonia neutralizer, and the mol ratio of control phosphoric acid and gas ammonia is 1: (1.4～1.95), granulating and drying, screening get ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process.
2. ecological diammonium phosphate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said organic matter contains yellow humic acid 5～10 wt %, hymatomalenic acid 14～35 wt % and amino acid/11～5wt %.
3. ecological diammonium phosphate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said trace element is a trace element more than three kinds or three kinds.
4. ecological diammonium phosphate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said trace element is Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Zn, Mo.
5. ecological two ammoniums according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said plants probiotics is made up of fixed nitrogen series bacillus and Bacillus licheniformis.
6. one kind prepares the described ecological preparation method of diammonium phosphate like claim 1-5, may further comprise the steps:
1) by ecological diammonium phosphate work in-process D: organic coated liquid: plants probiotics=(996～980): (3～15): (1～5) weight ratio coating in coating machine;
2) face powder polishing.
One kind like the described ecological diammonium phosphate of claim 1-5 in agricultural, application in the production of forestry.
8. the application of ecological diammonium phosphate according to claim 7 in agricultural, production of forestry, it is characterized in that: said wheat, corn, paddy rice or the vegetable melon and fruit of being applied to spreaded manuer in holes, spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN102963873A (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2013-03-13 | 宜都兴发化工有限公司 | Production method of microelement granule diammonium phosphate |
| CN104130056A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-05 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008115A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-10-12 | 山西广宇通科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of humic acid-containing diammonium phosphate |
| CN107033920A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 泰普环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal deactivator repaired for rice terrace cadmium pollution and preparation method thereof and application process |
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| CN101759490A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-06-30 | 范友 | Slowly-controlled-release diammonium phosphate |
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| CN1454878A (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2003-11-12 | 重庆双赢化工集团有限公司 | Organic ammonium biphosphate fertilizer and production method thereof |
| JP2007091564A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Fertilizer compound for farmland |
| CN101468927A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-01 | 袁洋 | Biological organic inorganic compound fertilizer product and production method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102963873A (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2013-03-13 | 宜都兴发化工有限公司 | Production method of microelement granule diammonium phosphate |
| CN104130056A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-05 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104130056B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-10 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof |
| CN106008115A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-10-12 | 山西广宇通科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of humic acid-containing diammonium phosphate |
| CN107033920A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 泰普环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal deactivator repaired for rice terrace cadmium pollution and preparation method thereof and application process |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |