CN104130056A - pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104130056A CN104130056A CN201410342691.3A CN201410342691A CN104130056A CN 104130056 A CN104130056 A CN 104130056A CN 201410342691 A CN201410342691 A CN 201410342691A CN 104130056 A CN104130056 A CN 104130056A
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- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 ethoxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-4-hydroxy-2-(propylamino)butanoic acid Chemical compound CCCN[C@H](C(O)=O)CCO DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009858 acid secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[SH-] HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer is prepared by uniformly spraying a coating layer having pH sensibility on surfaces of phosphate fertilizer-phosphate solubilizing microbial inoculum mixture particles. Crops lack of phosphor secretes a large amount of organic acid so that a pH value around the roots is reduced, and aiming at solving the above mechanism, the pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer can greatly swell according to pH value decreasing so that a large amount of phosphor is released. The pH-sensitive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer can control release of phosphor according to different phosphor requirement amounts of crops in different growth stages, can timely supply an appropriate amount of phosphor for plants and solves the problem of mismatching of a fertilizer release amount of the existing slow-release fertilizer and crop growth requirements in different stages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phosphate fertilizer field, be specifically related to responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Phosphorus is one of essential nutrient element of crop growth, the whole growth cycle of farm crop all have a certain amount of demand to phosphorus, but after phosphate fertilizer is manured into soil, only there is the utilization absorbed by crops of a small amount of energy, rest part is not also just absorbed because of leaching loss or by reasons such as metal ion are fixing and has lost in vain by farm crop, causes phosphate fertilizer loss.Develop and use slow-release phosphate fertilizer, extend the time of releasing of phosphate fertilizer, make phosphate fertilizer in slow dissolution process successively for crop provides phosphorus element, while preventing from using in a large number, because partial concn is too high, injure crop seed, seedling or the adverse consequencess such as leaf of burning, to reach the object that improves phosphate fertilizer effective rate of utilization, significant to modern agriculture.
Solve at present phosphorus fertilizer slow release, that increases operation rate is mainly coated phosphate rock.Coated phosphate rock is mainly at a phosphate fertilizer surface parcel skim, and after rete dissolves or breaks, phosphate fertilizer slowly discharges, and for Crop, coating layer can be prevented and treated fixing by metal elements in soil of phosphorus simultaneously, improves its utilization ratio.Coat fertilizer is according to the time, to control the release of fertilizer, and when the required phosphate fertilizer nutrient of plant is sufficient, rete dissolves or breaks, coated phosphate rock still can discharge a large amount of phosphate fertilizer, plant cannot absorb in a large number, also can be fixed by metal ion in soil simultaneously, has caused the waste of phosphate fertilizer.
In the different time of farm crop after lacking phosphorus, the organic acid of root system is as the significantly increase of the secretory volume of citric acid, oxalic acid, tartrate and oxysuccinic acid, and the multiple of increase can reach 4-65 doubly, the obviously reduction of its root system pH value around.The variation of pH value has significant impact to the release of phosphorus, and under low ph condition, the burst size of phosphorus is larger, the a large amount of utilizations absorbed by crops of energy, the iron in while soil, copper, the compounds such as magnesium can be dissolved, thereby discharge phosphoric acid, is conducive to the release of phosphoric, these organic acids have sequestering action simultaneously, can chelated iron, copper, the metal ions such as magnesium, simultaneously absorbed by crops, promote plant growth.
China Patent Publication No. CN101270011 discloses a kind of for coated fertilizer preparation and coating method containing phosphatic manure, this invention is that phosphate fertilizer is carried out to coating with the Attapulgite after modification, along with after time film slowly decomposes and break, phosphate fertilizer discharges, absorbed by crops.This invention gained coated phosphate rock has slow release in earlier stage, but later stage rete break after the release of phosphate fertilizer be difficult to control, easily cause waste and the loss of phosphate fertilizer.
China Patent Publication No. CN103819278A discloses a kind of high strength urea aldehyde slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, this slow-release fertilizer is that urea aldehyde and phosphate fertilizer is crosslinked synthetic, slow decomposition by chemosynthesis material discharges phosphorus element, along with the time slowly dissolves, phosphate fertilizer is in discharging the process of phosphorus element, deenergized period and plant-growth cycle synchronisation can not be guaranteed, although reach the object that phosphate fertilizer is slowly discharged, the effective rate of utilization of phosphorus element can not be obviously improved.
China Patent Publication No. CN102674950A discloses along marine swamp Special slow release fertilizer formula and preparation method thereof, and this slow-release fertilizer is mainly Formula type slow-release fertilizer, and it consists of: liquefied ammonia, diluted acid, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, sulphur ammonium, sustained release dosage, coating, wilkinite; Its preparation method is mainly crushing, stirring, granulation.Wherein add diluted acid as acid-base modifier, mainly improved alkaline soil, more single.And fertilizer can not after film rupture, evenly discharge according to the required release of crop self within the plant growth cycle, phosphate fertilizer, easily by soil fixing, easily causes the scarce phosphorus of later stage crop, has reduced the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer simultaneously.
According to above-mentioned, the current slow-release phosphate fertilizer of China is common coating or chemosynthesis class.The rete of common coated phosphate rock is along with after time dissolving or degrading, and phosphate fertilizer just discharges in a large number, and Crop is slow, easily causes that phosphate fertilizer is by soil fixing, reduces the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer; Chemosynthesis class phosphate fertilizer is still along with the time slowly dissolves, and slowly discharges phosphate fertilizer, can not to the demand of phosphate fertilizer, make supply according to crop.Although also developed the fertilizer that applicable saltings is used at present, be wherein mainly interpolation acid and alkali substance, the potential of hydrogen of soil is regulated, but soil acidity or alkalinity variation has certain fluctuation, and crop has substantial connection to the absorption of phosphate fertilizer and potential of hydrogen.Therefore, develop a kind of responsive to crop root subenvironment pH, and deenergized period can and the novel sustained release fertilizer of plant-growth cycle synchronisation, have great importance and marketable value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency and the defect that in existing slow-release phosphate fertilizer technology, exist, proposed the responsive film-coated and slow release fertilizer of a kind of pH, this film-coated and slow release fertilizer comprises core layer and is coated on the coating layer of core surface.Crop is after lacking phosphorus, and root system secretion organic acid increases, and root system pH value around can be reduced, and under low ph condition, the burst size of phosphorus is larger, can a large amount of utilizations absorbed by crops.In this film-coated and slow release fertilizer, add and understand phosphobacterin, phosphate fertilizer can be decomposed, make the easy utilization absorbed by crops of phosphoric, adopt the material of the performance with pH sensitivity to carry out coating to it simultaneously, make crop in the situation that scarce phosphorus pH reduces, it is large that coated fertilizer swelling ratio becomes, and can make phosphate fertilizer discharge in a large number, absorbed by crops; When the abundant pH of crop phosphoric gos up, coated fertilizer swelling ratio diminishes, and can reduce the release of phosphate fertilizer, reaches slowly a small amount of release.The responsive film-coated and slow release fertilizer of this pH can discharge the demand of phosphate fertilizer according to crop, and a large amount of phosphoric are provided when lacking phosphorus; When phosphorus is sufficient, can control phosphate fertilizer and slowly discharge, ensure the supply of phosphoric, promote plant growth.
The present invention further provides the preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, the method is first to utilize ethoxyl chitin and the synthetic hydrogel materials with pH sensitivity of Polyglycerine, add again poly-propylhomoserin and inorganic mineral to carry out modification, form the coated fertilizer of a kind of pH of having sensitivity and chelating ability; Utilize phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum that phosphate fertilizer is decomposed into easy material absorbed by crops, recycling coated fertilizer carries out coating to fertilizer, obtains the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, is characterized in that this coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applicable to any soil, is preferably applicable to subacidity, neutral and subalkaline soil.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, comprise core layer and the coating layer that is coated on core surface, it is characterized in that: described core layer is the particle that the phosphate fertilizer of 50-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 1-3 weight part evenly mix, described coating layer is the ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part, the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part, the poly-propylhomoserin of 1-3 part, the inorganic mineral powder of 1-2 weight part binding agent, 5-10 weight part.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of above-mentioned a kind of pH, is characterized in that: described core layer ground phosphate rock and phosphate solubilizing bacteria compound particles particle diameter are at 1.5-3.5mm.
Inorganic mineral powder described above is one or more mixtures in following material: attapulgite powder, zeolite powder, fine coal ashes, sepiolite powder, medical stone powder, bentonite in powder, above material all has absorption property, can carry out surface adsorption with the hydrogel materials of pH sensitivity and react, and increases oarse-grained absorption property, can adsorb the nutritive ingredient in core layer, increase slow release effect.
Phosphate fertilizer described above is one or more in following material: ground phosphate rock, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate; Phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum described above is at least one composition in genus bacillus, micrococci, root nodule bacterium, microsolerotium bacterium.
Caking agent described above is one or more mixtures of following material: carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyalkyl starch, polyoxyethylene, vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl ester.
The preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH of the present invention, is characterized in that preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 1-3 part to gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 5-10 weight part, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 40 ~ 60 ℃, pressure is 1.5KPa-2.3KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 1-2 weight part binding agent are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the phosphate fertilizer of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 1-3 weight part evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
The preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of above-mentioned a kind of pH, wherein in step (2), ethoxyl chitin hydrogel is added after deionized water dilution, add again poly-propylhomoserin to react with inorganic mineral, in ethoxyl chitin hydrogel, contain hydroxyl, in poly-propylhomoserin, contain carboxyl, and poly-propylhomoserin is dissolved in water, a part is reacted with ethoxyl chitin hydrogel, another part is under temperature and pressure condition, pass mutually network with ethoxyl chitin hydrogel, carry out copolyreaction, inorganic mineral adsorbs it simultaneously, make whole coated fertilizer possess the performance of pH sensitivity and adsorption function simultaneously, can strengthen the slow release effect of fertilizer.
The variation of pH value has significant impact to the release of phosphorus, and under low ph condition, the burst size of phosphorus is larger, the a large amount of utilizations absorbed by crops of energy, the iron in while soil, copper, the compounds such as magnesium can be dissolved, thereby discharge phosphoric acid, is conducive to the release of phosphoric, these organic acids have sequestering action simultaneously, can chelated iron, copper, the metal ions such as magnesium, simultaneously absorbed by crops, promote plant growth.The present invention utilizes the pH sensitive property of above-mentioned materials, will improve the accuracy of slow-release phosphate fertilizer time of releasing and crop growth cycle synchronisation, obviously improves the effective rate of utilization of phosphate fertilizer.
In the different time of farm crop after lacking phosphorus, the organic acid of root system is as the significantly increase of the secretory volume of citric acid, oxalic acid, tartrate and oxysuccinic acid, and its root system pH value around can obviously reduce.Water-solubility chitin derivative has the susceptibility such as stronger pH, ionic strength, ethoxyl chitin hydrogel its under the sour environment of pH<6.89, the swelling capacity of gel increases rapidly along with the decline of pH, when crop lacks after phosphorus, root system pH value around reduces, and the phosphoric in film will be dissolved out by the coated fertilizer of swelling; And when plant phosphorus is enough to supply with plant-growth, organic acid secretion amount reduces, root system around pH gos up, and coated fertilizer swelling capacity diminishes, and the solubility rate of phosphoric will reduce, and slowly releases, required for plant-growth.And this coated fertilizer is swelling property material, within the plant-growth cycle, can not dissolve immediately, rete can prevent that undelivered phosphorus from, by soil fixing, can extend slow release effect.This coated fertilizer is semi-synthetic natural materials, has degradation property, also can be to environment.
Responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH of the present invention and preparation method thereof in, its outstanding feature and beneficial effect are:
1, the present invention uses the ethoxyl chitin class material of pH sensitive property as the coated fertilizer of slow-release phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer burst size is controlled in the variation of pH by perception root system of plant, phosphate fertilizer is discharged and farm crop demand cycle accurate synchronization, obviously improve the effective rate of utilization of phosphate fertilizer;
2, the present invention's coated fertilizer used is swelling property material, within the plant-growth cycle, can not dissolve immediately, rete can prevent that undelivered phosphorus from, by soil fixing, can extend slow release effect, and this coated fertilizer is semi-synthetic natural materials, there is degradation property, can be to environment yet.
3, in the coated fertilizer of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH of the present invention, poly-propylhomoserin and inorganic mineral have been added, there is good biological regulation and adsorptivity, can obviously improve the slow release effect of phosphate fertilizer, within the plant growth cycle, be provided as crop phosphoric is provided, promote plant growth, reduce pathological changes of plant occurrence probability.
4, production technique of the present invention is simply controlled, and environmentally safe in production has wide market outlook.
specific implementation method
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should be interpreted as to scope of the present invention only limits to following example.In the situation that not departing from aforesaid method thought of the present invention, various replacements or the change according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, made, all should be within the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
60 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of Polyglycerine, 5 parts of attapulgites, 2 parts of ethoxyl chitins, 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, 2 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacterias.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 10 weight parts under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, the attapulgite of 5 weight parts, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 50 ℃, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 2 weight part binding agent carboxymethyl starch are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the calcium superphosphate of 60 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 2 weight parts evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 2
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
50 parts of double superhosphate, 14 parts of Polyglycerine, 8 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts of ethoxyl chitins, 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, 2 parts of polyoxyethylenes, 2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacterias.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 14 weight parts under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, the zeolite powder of 5 weight parts, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 50 ℃, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 2 weight part binding agent polyoxyethylenes are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the double superhosphate of 50 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 2 weight parts evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 3
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
50 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 16 parts of Polyglycerine, 8 parts of sepiolite powders, 3 parts of ethoxyl chitins, 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, 2 parts of hydroxyalkyl starchs, 2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacterias.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 16 weight parts under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, the sepiolite powder of 8 weight parts, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 50 ℃, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 2 weight part binding agent hydroxyalkyl starchs are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the monoammonium phosphate of 50 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 2 weight parts evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 4
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
65 parts, ground phosphate rock, 18 parts of Polyglycerine,, 10 parts of medical stone powders, 3 parts of ethoxyl chitins, 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, 2 parts of vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl esters, 2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacterias.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 18 weight parts under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins, the medical stone powder of 10 weight parts, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 50 ℃, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 2 weight part binding agent vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl esters are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the ground phosphate rock of 65 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 2 weight parts evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
Claims (4)
1. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a pH, comprise core layer and the coating layer that is coated on core surface, it is characterized in that: described core layer is the particle that the ground phosphate rock of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 1-3 weight part evenly mix, described coating layer is the ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part, the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part, the poly-propylhomoserin of 1-3 part, the inorganic mineral powder of 1-2 weight part binding agent, 5-10 weight part; Wherein said phosphate fertilizer is one or more in following material: ground phosphate rock, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate; Wherein said phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum is at least one composition in genus bacillus, micrococci, root nodule bacterium, microsolerotium bacterium; Wherein said inorganic mineral powder is one or more mixtures in following material: attapulgite powder, zeolite powder, fine coal ashes, sepiolite powder, medical stone powder, bentonite in powder; Wherein said caking agent is one or more mixtures of following material: carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyalkyl starch, polyoxyethylene, vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl ester.
2. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described core layer ground phosphate rock and phosphate solubilizing bacteria compound particles particle diameter are at 1.5-3.5mm.
3. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applicable to any soil, is preferably applicable to subacidity neutral and subalkaline soil.
4. the preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part is dissolved in to the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into mass concentration and is 2.5% the aqueous solution, high-speed stirring, to after dissolving, splashes into the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part under stirring, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtains ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 1-3 part to gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 5-10 weight part, carries out copolymerization absorption reaction again, design temperature is 40 ~ 60 ℃, pressure is 1.5KPa-2.3KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 ℃, obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) the responsive coating material of gained pH in step (2) and 1-2 weight part binding agent are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle that the phosphate fertilizer of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum of 1-3 weight part evenly mix, utilize fluidized-bed to be dried, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
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| CN108463446A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2018-08-28 | 拜遨有限公司 | Granulated fertilizer or soil conditioner and application thereof |
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| CN112919975A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-08 | 山东爱福地生物股份有限公司 | Production process of organic fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating soil pH value |
| CN115287072A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤嘉沣(湖南)环保科技有限责任公司 | Heavy metal passivator and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110152570A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江纳巍负离子科技有限公司 | More effect anion water gel micro-balls of intelligence and preparation method thereof |
| CN110845271A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-28 | 滨州学院 | Soil remediation microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112279729A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-29 | 中国农业大学 | Special anion response controlled-release membrane material for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN112919975A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-08 | 山东爱福地生物股份有限公司 | Production process of organic fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating soil pH value |
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| WO2022246509A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | Minbos Resources Limited | A method for applying phosphate in agriculture |
| CN115287072A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤嘉沣(湖南)环保科技有限责任公司 | Heavy metal passivator and preparation method and application thereof |
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