CN104130056B - Responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104130056B CN104130056B CN201410342691.3A CN201410342691A CN104130056B CN 104130056 B CN104130056 B CN 104130056B CN 201410342691 A CN201410342691 A CN 201410342691A CN 104130056 B CN104130056 B CN 104130056B
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- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 double superhosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-4-hydroxy-2-(propylamino)butanoic acid Chemical compound CCCN[C@H](C(O)=O)CCO DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009858 acid secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[SH-] HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof, this slow-release phosphate fertilizer is formed with being evenly sprayed on phosphate fertilizer particle surface coating by the coating layer with pH sensitive property phosphate fertilizer and phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum particle, the present invention can secrete organic acid according to crop when scarce phosphorus in a large number, pH around root system is caused to reduce, this slow-release phosphate fertilizer can be swelling in a large number according to the reduction of pH value, thus discharge phosphorus in a large number.The present invention can to phosphorus aequum is different, Co ntrolled release phosphorus be plain targetedly according to plant-growth different steps, can supplement phosphorus to plant in right amount in time, can solve the problem that present slow-release fertilizer slowly-releasing amount can not be synchronous with crop growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phosphate fertilizer field, be specifically related to responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Phosphorus is one of essential nutrient element of crop growth, the whole growth cycle of farm crop all have a certain amount of demand to phosphorus, but after phosphate fertilizer is manured into soil, only there is energy utilization absorbed by crops on a small quantity, rest part is not then also absorbed by farm crop and just lost in vain because of leaching loss or by reasons such as metal ion are fixing, causes phosphate fertilizer to lose.Develop and use slow-release phosphate fertilizer, extend the time of releasing of phosphate fertilizer, make phosphate fertilizer in slow dissolution process successively for crop provides phosphorus element, injure crop seed, seedling or the adverse consequencess such as leaf of burning because partial concn is too high when preventing from using in a large number, to reach the object improving phosphate fertilizer effective rate of utilization, significant to modern agriculture.
Current solution phosphorus fertilizer slow release, that increases operation rate is mainly coated phosphate rock.Coated phosphate rock is mainly at a phosphate fertilizer surface parcel skim, and until film layer dissolves or after breaking, phosphate fertilizer slow releasing, for Crop, coating layer can prevent and treat phosphorus fixing by metal elements in soil simultaneously, improves its utilization ratio.Coat fertilizer controls the release of fertilizer according to the time, when phosphate fertilizer nutrient needed for plant is sufficient, and film layer dissolves or break, coated phosphate rock still can discharge a large amount of phosphate fertilizer, plant cannot absorb in a large number, also can be fixed by metal ion in soil simultaneously, cause the waste of phosphate fertilizer.
In the different time of farm crop after scarce phosphorus, organic acid such as the secretory volume of citric acid, oxalic acid, tartrate and oxysuccinic acid of root system can significantly increase, and the multiple of increase can reach 4-65 doubly, and the pH value around its root system can obviously reduce.The release of change on phosphorus of pH value has significant impact, and at the low ph, the burst size of phosphorus is larger, the a large amount of utilization absorbed by crops of energy, the iron simultaneously in soil, copper, the compounds such as magnesium can be dissolved, thus discharge phosphoric acid, are conducive to the release of phosphoric, these organic acids have sequestering action simultaneously, can chelated iron, copper, the metal ions such as magnesium, simultaneously absorbed by crops, promote plant growth.
China Patent Publication No. CN101270011 discloses a kind of coated fertilizer for containing phosphatic manure to be prepared and coating method, this invention is that the modified Attapulgite of phosphate fertilizer is carried out coating, after time film slowly decomposes and break, phosphate fertilizer discharges, absorbed by crops.This invention gained coated phosphate rock has slow releasing early stage, but later stage rete break after the release of phosphate fertilizer be difficult to control, easily cause waste and the loss of phosphate fertilizer.
China Patent Publication No. CN103819278A discloses a kind of high strength urea aldehyde slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, this slow-release fertilizer is by urea aldehyde and the crosslinked synthesis of phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus element is discharged by the slow decomposition of chemosynthesis material, along with the time slowly dissolves, phosphate fertilizer is in the process of release phosphorus element, deenergized period and plant growing cycle can not be ensured synchronously, although reach the object making phosphate fertilizer slow releasing, the effective rate of utilization of phosphorus element can not be significantly improved.
China Patent Publication No. CN102674950A discloses along marine swamp Special slow release fertilizer formula and preparation method thereof, and this slow-release fertilizer is mainly Formula type slow-release fertilizer, and it consists of: liquefied ammonia, diluted acid, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, sulphur ammonium, sustained release dosage, coating, wilkinite; Its preparation method is mainly crushing, stirring, granulation.Wherein with the addition of diluted acid as acid-base modifier, mainly improve alkaline soil, more single.And fertilizer can not discharge needed for crop self, after film rupture, evenly discharges in crop cycle, phosphate fertilizer, easily by soil fixing, easily causes later stage crop to lack phosphorus, reduces the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer simultaneously.
According to above-mentioned, the current slow-release phosphate fertilizer of China is common coating or chemosynthesis class.The rete of common coated phosphate rock dissolves along with the time or after degraded, phosphate fertilizer just discharges in a large number, and Crop is slow, easily causes phosphate fertilizer by soil fixing, reduces the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer; Chemosynthesis class phosphate fertilizer is still along with the time slowly dissolves, slow releasing phosphate fertilizer, can not make supply according to the demand of crop to phosphate fertilizer.Although also develop the fertilizer that applicable saltings uses at present, be wherein mainly interpolation acid and alkali substance, the potential of hydrogen of soil is regulated, but soil acidity or alkalinity change has certain fluctuation, and crop there is substantial connection to the absorption of phosphate fertilizer and potential of hydrogen.Therefore, exploitation is a kind of responsive to crop root subenvironment pH, and deenergized period can and the synchronous novel sustained release fertilizer of plant growing cycle, have great importance and marketable value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency and defect that exist in existing slow-release phosphate fertilizer technology, propose the responsive film-coated and slow release fertilizer of a kind of pH, this film-coated and slow release fertilizer comprises core layer and is coated on the coating layer of core surface.Crop is after scarce phosphorus, and root system secretion organic acid increases, and the pH value around root system can be reduced, and at the low ph, the burst size of phosphorus is comparatively large, can a large amount of utilization absorbed by crops.Phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum is added in this film-coated and slow release fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer can be decomposed, make the easy utilization absorbed by crops of phosphoric, adopt the material with the performance of pH sensitivity to carry out coating to it simultaneously, make crop when scarce phosphorus pH reduces, coated fertilizer swelling ratio becomes large, and phosphate fertilizer can be made to discharge in a large number, absorbed by crops; When the abundant pH of crop phosphoric gos up, coated fertilizer swelling ratio diminishes, and can reduce the release of phosphate fertilizer, reaches slowly a small amount of release.The responsive film-coated and slow release fertilizer of this pH can discharge according to the demand of crop to phosphate fertilizer, provides a large amount of phosphoric when scarce phosphorus; When phosphorus is sufficient, phosphate fertilizer slow releasing can be controlled, ensure the supply of phosphoric, promote plant growth.
Invention further provides the preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, the method first utilizes ethoxyl chitin and Polyglycerine to synthesize the hydrogel materials with pH sensitivity, add poly-propylhomoserin again and inorganic mineral carries out modification, form a kind of coated fertilizer with the responsive and chelating ability of pH; Utilize phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum phosphate fertilizer to be decomposed into easy material absorbed by crops, recycling coated fertilizer carries out coating to fertilizer, obtains the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, is characterized in that this coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applicable to any soil, is preferably applicable to subacidity, neutral and subalkaline soil.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, comprise core layer and the coating layer being coated on core surface, it is characterized in that: described core layer is the particle of the phosphate fertilizer of 50-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 1-3 weight part, described coating layer is the ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part, the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part, 1-3 part gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 1-2 parts by weight binder, 5-10 weight part.
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of above-mentioned a kind of pH, is characterized in that: described core layer ground phosphate rock and phosphate solubilizing bacteria compound particles particle diameter are at 1.5-3.5mm.
Inorganic mineral powder described above is one or more mixtures in following material: attapulgite powder, zeolite powder, fine coal ashes, sepiolite powder, medical stone powder, bentonite in powder, above material all has absorption property, can carry out surface adsorption reaction, increase oarse-grained absorption property with the hydrogel materials of pH sensitivity, the nutritive ingredient in core layer can be adsorbed, increase slow release effect.
Phosphate fertilizer described above is one or more in following material: ground phosphate rock, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate; Phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum described above is at least one composition in genus bacillus, micrococci, root nodule bacterium, microsolerotium bacterium.
Caking agent described above is one or more mixtures of following material: carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyalkyl starch, polyoxyethylene, vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl ester.
The preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH of the present invention, is characterized in that preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 10-18 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 1-3 part again and gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 5-10 weight part, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 40 ~ 60 DEG C, pressure is 1.5KPa-2.3KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 1-2 parts by weight binder are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the phosphate fertilizer of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 1-3 weight part, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
The preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of above-mentioned a kind of pH, after wherein ethoxyl chitin hydrogel being added in step (2) deionized water dilution, add poly-propylhomoserin again and inorganic mineral reacts, containing hydroxyl in ethoxyl chitin hydrogel, containing carboxyl in poly-propylhomoserin, and poly-propylhomoserin is dissolved in water, a part and ethoxyl chitin hydrogel react, another part at temperature and pressure conditions, network is passed mutually with ethoxyl chitin hydrogel, carry out copolyreaction, inorganic mineral adsorbs it simultaneously, make whole coated fertilizer possess the performance of pH sensitivity and adsorption function simultaneously, the slow release effect of fertilizer can be strengthened.
The release of change on phosphorus of pH value has significant impact, and at the low ph, the burst size of phosphorus is larger, the a large amount of utilization absorbed by crops of energy, the iron simultaneously in soil, copper, the compounds such as magnesium can be dissolved, thus discharge phosphoric acid, are conducive to the release of phosphoric, these organic acids have sequestering action simultaneously, can chelated iron, copper, the metal ions such as magnesium, simultaneously absorbed by crops, promote plant growth.The present invention utilizes the pH sensitive property of above-mentioned materials, by improving the accuracy of slow-release phosphate fertilizer time of releasing and crop growth cycle synchronisation, significantly improves the effective rate of utilization of phosphate fertilizer.
In the different time of farm crop after scarce phosphorus, organic acid such as the secretory volume of citric acid, oxalic acid, tartrate and oxysuccinic acid of root system can significantly increase, and the pH value around its root system can obviously reduce.Water-solubility chitin derivative has the susceptibility such as stronger pH, ionic strength, ethoxyl chitin hydrogel its under the sour environment of pH<6.89, the swelling capacity of gel increases rapidly along with the decline of pH, after crop lacks phosphorus, pH value around root system reduces, and the phosphoric in film will be dissolved out by swelling coated fertilizer; And when plant phosphorus is enough to supply plant-growth, organic acid secretion amount reduces, around root system, pH gos up, and coated fertilizer swelling capacity diminishes, and the solubility rate of phosphoric will reduce, and slowly releases, needed for plant-growth.And this coated fertilizer is swellable material, in plant growing cycle, can not dissolve immediately, rete can prevent undelivered phosphorus by soil fixing, can extend slow release effect.This coated fertilizer is semi-synthetic natural materials, has degradation property, also can not to environment.
Responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH of the present invention and preparation method thereof in, its outstanding feature and beneficial effect are:
1, the present invention's ethoxyl chitin class material of pH sensitive property coated fertilizer as slow-release phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer burst size is controlled by the change of the pH of perception root system of plant, phosphate fertilizer is discharged and farm crop demand cycle accurate synchronization, significantly improves the effective rate of utilization of phosphate fertilizer;
2, the present invention's coated fertilizer used is swellable material, in plant growing cycle, can not dissolve immediately, rete can prevent undelivered phosphorus by soil fixing, can extend slow release effect, and this coated fertilizer is semi-synthetic natural materials, there is degradation property, also can not to environment.
Poly-propylhomoserin and inorganic mineral is added in the coated fertilizer of 3, the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH of the present invention, there is good biological regulation and adsorptivity, the slow release effect of phosphate fertilizer can be significantly improved, in crop cycle, be provided as crop phosphoric is provided, promote plant growth, reduce pathological changes of plant occurrence probability.
4, production technique of the present invention is simply controlled, environmentally safe in production, has wide market outlook.
specific implementation method
Below by way of embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should be interpreted as scope of the present invention is only limitted to following example.When not departing from aforesaid method thought of the present invention, the various replacement made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means or change, all should be within the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
Calcium superphosphate 60 parts, Polyglycerine 10 parts, attapulgite 5 parts, ethoxyl chitin 2 parts, poly-propylhomoserin 2 parts, carboxymethyl starch 2 parts, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 2 parts.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 10 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins again, the attapulgite of 5 weight parts, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 50 DEG C, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 2 parts by weight binder carboxymethyl starch are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the calcium superphosphate of 60 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 2 weight parts, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 2
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
Double superhosphate 50 parts, Polyglycerine 14 parts, zeolite powder 8 parts, ethoxyl chitin 2 parts, poly-propylhomoserin 2 parts, polyoxyethylene 2 parts, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 2 parts.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 14 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins again, the zeolite powder of 5 weight parts, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 50 DEG C, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 2 parts by weight binder polyoxyethylenes are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the double superhosphate of 50 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 2 weight parts, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 3
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
Monoammonium phosphate 50 parts, Polyglycerine 16 parts, sepiolite powder 8 parts, ethoxyl chitin 3 parts, poly-propylhomoserin 2 parts, hydroxyalkyl starch 2 parts, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 2 parts.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 16 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins again, the sepiolite powder of 8 weight parts, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 50 DEG C, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 2 parts by weight binder hydroxyalkyl starchs are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the monoammonium phosphate of 50 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 2 weight parts, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
embodiment 4
The responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH, its component is as follows, all by weight:
65 parts, ground phosphate rock, Polyglycerine 18 parts, medical stone powder 10 parts, ethoxyl chitin 3 parts, poly-propylhomoserin 2 parts, vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl ester 2 parts, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 2 parts.
Its preparation method is as follows:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2 weight parts is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, is made into the aqueous solution that mass concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 18 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 2 parts of poly-propylhomoserins again, the medical stone powder of 10 weight parts, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 50 DEG C, pressure is 2.0KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 2 parts by weight binder vinylformic acid-2 hydroxyethyl esters are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the ground phosphate rock of 65 weight parts and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 2 weight parts, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
Claims (4)
1. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of pH, comprise core layer and the coating layer being coated on core surface, it is characterized in that: described core layer is the particle of the phosphate fertilizer of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 1-3 weight part, wherein said phosphate fertilizer is one or more in following material: ground phosphate rock, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, described phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum is at least one composition in genus bacillus, micrococci, root nodule bacterium, microsolerotium bacterium; Described coating layer is the ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part, the Polyglycerine of 10-18 weight part, 1-3 part gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 1-2 parts by weight binder, 5-10 weight part; Wherein said inorganic mineral powder is one or more mixtures in following material: attapulgite powder, zeolite powder, fine coal ashes, sepiolite powder, medical stone powder, bentonite in powder; Wherein said binding agent is one or more mixtures of following material: carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyalkyl starch, polyoxyethylene, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.
2. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described core layer ground phosphate rock and phosphate solubilizing bacteria compound particles particle diameter are at 1.5-3.5mm.
3. the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer is applicable to any soil.
4. the preparation method of the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of a kind of pH according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) ethoxyl chitin of 2-5 weight part is dissolved in the NaOH aqueous solution, be made into the ethoxyl chitin solution that mass percentage concentration is 2.5%, after high-speed stirring to dissolving, stir the Polyglycerine of lower instillation 10-18 weight part, continue to be stirred to thickness, obtain ethoxyl chitin hydrogel;
(2) gained ethoxyl chitin hydrogel in step (1) is sent in airtight stirred autoclave, add deionized water dilution, add 1-3 part again and gather propylhomoserin, the inorganic mineral powder of 5-10 weight part, carry out copolymerization absorption reaction, design temperature is 40 ~ 60 DEG C, pressure is 1.5KPa-2.3KPa, and mixing speed is 50r/min ~ 100r/min, reaction 3h ~ 5h, vacuum-drying at 50 DEG C, namely obtains the responsive coating layer material of pH;
(3) responsive for gained pH in step (2) coating substance and 1-2 parts by weight binder are dissolved in water, evenly be sprayed on the particle of the phosphate fertilizer of 60-65 weight part and the phosphorus decomposing microbial inoculum Homogeneous phase mixing of 1-3 weight part, utilize fluidized-bed to carry out drying, obtain the responsive coated slow-release phosphate fertilizer of described a kind of pH.
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| FI127737B (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2019-01-15 | Upm Kymmene Corp | A granular fertilizer or soil conditioner and its use |
| CN106396876A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer used for strawberry plantation |
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| CN110845271A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-28 | 滨州学院 | Soil remediation microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112919975B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-02-11 | 山东爱福地生物股份有限公司 | Production process of organic fertilizer capable of intelligently regulating soil pH value |
| WO2022246509A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | Minbos Resources Limited | A method for applying phosphate in agriculture |
| CN115287072A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤嘉沣(湖南)环保科技有限责任公司 | Heavy metal passivator and preparation method and application thereof |
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