CN102345716A - 附件驱动和发动机重启系统 - Google Patents

附件驱动和发动机重启系统 Download PDF

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CN102345716A
CN102345716A CN2011102053103A CN201110205310A CN102345716A CN 102345716 A CN102345716 A CN 102345716A CN 2011102053103 A CN2011102053103 A CN 2011102053103A CN 201110205310 A CN201110205310 A CN 201110205310A CN 102345716 A CN102345716 A CN 102345716A
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motor
speed
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CN102345716B (zh
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唐纳德·E·霍夫曼
大卫·A·詹森
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H37/0853—CVT using friction between rotary members having a first member of uniform effective diameter cooperating with different parts of a second member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
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  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

一种驱动系统，包含发动机；变速器，所述变速器包括输出和输入，用于改变输出速度和输入速度之比；齿轮组，所述齿轮组包括连接所述输出的太阳齿轮、连接所述发动机的环形齿轮、连接皮带轮的支架以及被支承用以在所述支架上转动并且与所述太阳齿轮和所述环形齿轮啮合的行星小齿轮。

Description

附件驱动和发动机重启系统
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种用于在机动车辆的电机和发动机之间传送转动动力(rotating power)的系统，尤其涉及一种包括具有无级速比范围(stepless speedratio range)的传动装置(transmission)的系统。
背景技术
在装配有辅助直接启动(ADS)的车辆上，当由于踩下刹车踏板以及释放油门踏板而使车辆停住时，发动机停止。尽管发动机以这样的方式停止，但电机应当驱动车辆附件(accessories)并且当驾驶员通过释放刹车踏板并踩下油门踏板发出车辆再次移动的信号时重启发动机。电机取代了传统上使用的交流发电机。
设置在电机和发动机之间的电力路径(power path)上的传动装置将允许发动机保持零转速，而电机通过该传动装置驱动附件，当需要发动机重启时准许电机使发动机转动达到启动速度，并且在正常驱动情况下允许发动机驱动电机和附件。
在行业中需要一种在发动机和电机之间的驱动连接，尤其是在配备有提供需要的和必要的功能的ADS的车辆上的在发动机和电机之间的驱动连接。
发明内容
一种驱动系统，包含：发动机；变速器，所述变速器包括输出和输入，用于改变输出速度和输入速度之比；齿轮组，所述齿轮组包括连接所述输出的太阳齿轮、连接所述发动机的环形齿轮、连接皮带轮的支架以及被支承用以在所述支架上转动并且与所述太阳齿轮和所述环形齿轮啮合的行星小齿轮。
一种驱动系统，包括皮带轮、发动机、用于改变输出速度和输入速度的之比的变速器、包括分别可驱动地连接发动机和皮带轮的第一和第二组件和连接输出的第三组件的齿轮组，以及用于相对于皮带轮速度增加输入速度的第二齿轮组。
皮带轮是皮带轮和皮带系统的一部分，皮带轮和皮带系统对电机和前端附件传动系统的其它组件提供可驱动的连接。
当发动机驱动电机和前端附件传动系统(FEAD)时，驱动系统在发动机和皮带轮之间提供可变速度驱动。
系统提供从0.0到约1∶1的可变的发动机与皮带轮的速比，以便发动机可以通过改变IVT速比由电机平稳地重启，而电机继续运行。
当IVT速比是约0.0时，通过大量的扭矩倍增驱动发动机。
由于不需要离合器，仅变速器速比需要控制。
通过以下详细说明、权利要求和附图，将会明白较佳实施例的适用性范围。应该了解的是，说明书和具体实施例尽管说明了本发明的首选实施例，但仅仅是通过举例说明的方式给出的。对所属技术领域的技术人员来说，所述的实施例和例子的各种变化和修饰将是显而易见的。
附图说明
结合附图并参照以下说明，本发明将更容易被理解，其中：
图1是用于重启发动机并以可变速比驱动电机的驱动系统的原理图；
图2是表示齿轮组的太阳齿轮、环形齿轮和行星小齿轮上的齿数的图表；
图3是表示系统组件的速比随变速器(variator)速比改变而变化的图表；以及
图4是在系统中具有单向离合器的图1的驱动系统的原理图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图，图1表示包括米尔纳球形变速器(Milner ball variator)12和两个行星齿轮组14、16的驱动系统10。发动机18连接齿轮组16。皮带轮20连接齿轮组16。米尔纳球形变速器12、两个行星齿轮组14和16以及皮带轮20与发动机机轴中心线33同中心。皮带轮22可驱动地连接电机24。驱动皮带23可驱动地连接皮带轮20和22以及FEAD的其它车辆附件。皮带轮20和22以及驱动皮带23提供电机24和皮带轮20之间的固定速度关系。电机是将机械能转化为电能以对电池充电并在车辆的发动机运行时对车辆的电力系统提供动力的电磁装置。在该模式中，其取代传统上经常使用的交流发电机。当发动机停止以及当需要重启发动机时，其还将电能转化为机械能从而驱动FEAD的车辆附件。
米尔纳球形变速器12包括球形球26并且其是可变几何形状、4点接触型球轴承。内圈(inner race)分为两个部分28、29，并且外圈(outer race)分为两个部分30、31。通过改变外圈30、31的部分之间的轴向距离，内圈28、29的部分之间的距离改变，并且球26在内圈和外圈之间径向地位移。由于球相对于圈的位置改变，球26和圈之间接触的位置改变，藉此改变变速器的速比。
正如本说明书中所使用的那样，内圈28、29是对变速器12的输入，外圈30、31在32处最好是在容器或底盘上接地、抵抗转动，并且绕轴线33转动的球支架(ball carrier)34是变速器输出。变速器12的输出速度始终小于其输入28、29的速度。
行星变速齿轮组14包括固定到内圈28、29的太阳齿轮36；接地的环形齿轮38、支架40和一组被支承用以在支架40上转动并且与太阳齿轮36和环形齿轮38啮合相接的行星小齿轮42。
行星混合齿轮组16包括固定到球支架34的太阳齿轮44；可驱动地连接发动机18的轴48的环形齿轮46；支架50；以及一组被支承用以在支架50上转动并且与太阳齿轮44和环形齿轮46啮合相接的行星小齿轮52。支架40和50相互固定，并且可驱动地连接皮带轮20。
与两个行星齿轮组14、16结合的变速器12包含产生无级可变速比(infinitelyvariable speed ratio)的传动装置。
为行星齿轮组14和16选择Beta比率，即行星齿轮组的环形齿轮节径(pitchdiameter)与太阳齿轮节径的比，以便当与变速器12的可变速比范围一起使用时，发动机18与皮带轮20的总速比可以在0和1之间改变，或者稍稍超过1。图2表示齿轮组14、16的Beta比率。
可以通过将驱动系统10的速比从0改变到约1∶1来由电机24平稳地重启发动机18，这通过将变速器12的速比从0.625改变到0.24479来完成。将变速器12的速比定义为球支架34的速度除以变速器的内圈28、29和太阳齿轮36的速度。当发动机18驱动电机24时，变速器12的速比最好是0.24479。在该情况下，内圈28、29和太阳齿轮36比支架40、50和皮带轮20转动快4.0851倍。
当发动机18停止时，电机24可以通过FEAD驱动车辆附件，例如空调系统压缩机和动力转向泵。如图3所示，当变速器速比是0.62500并且通过车辆的电池驱动电机转动时，发动机速度是零。当控制变速器的内圈28、29和外圈30、31的轴向位置使变速器速比减小到0.43490时，发动机速度增加到皮带轮20的速度的一半。当变速器的速比减小到0.24479时，发动机速度等于皮带轮20的速度。当变速器速比减小到0.15625时，发动机以皮带轮20速度的1.2329倍的速度被超速驱动。
发动机18还可以以从约1∶1到超速驱动的速度的可变的速比驱动皮带轮20，当以超速驱动的速度驱动皮带轮20时，皮带轮20比发动机18转动的快。
如图3所示，当变速器速比是0.35885并且发动机正在驱动时，皮带轮20以发动机速度1.4286倍的速度相对于发动机被超速驱动，并且太阳齿轮36和内圈28、29的速度是发动机18的速度的5.8359倍。当变速器速比增加到0.47292并且发动机正在驱动时，皮带轮20以发动机速度2.500倍的速度相对于发动机被超速驱动，并且太阳齿轮36和内圈28、29的速度是发动机18的速度的10.2128倍。
图4表示具有单向离合器60的系统10，单向离合器60在可驱动地连接皮带轮20的变速齿轮组14的支架40和发动机轴48之间产生单向驱动链接。在该情况下，当发动机18运行时，皮带轮20通过单向离合器60以1∶1的比率被直接驱动，从而消除当电机仅需要由发动机以发动机速度驱动时的变速器和齿轮装置(gearing)的效率损失。必要时，皮带轮20还可以相对于发动机被超速驱动。
如果使用单向离合器60，图3所示的交替驱动O/D操作不可用，并且对于行星齿轮组14、16的优选beta比率来说，变速器速比不会低于0.24479，其中，在交替驱动O/D操作中，发动机18由皮带轮20以大于电机速度的速度驱动。
驱动系统允许发动机18保持在零速度而电机24驱动车辆附件，当需要发动机重启时准许电机驱动发动机达到其启动速度，并且允许发动机在正常驱动情况下驱动电机和附件。
按照专利法的规定，已经对较佳实施例进行了说明。但是，需要注意的是，还可以实施与详细说明和描述的实施例不同的替代实施例。

Claims (5)

1.一种驱动系统，其特征在于，包含：
发动机；
变速器，所述变速器包括输出和输入，用于改变输出速度和输入速度之比；
齿轮组，所述齿轮组包括连接所述输出的太阳齿轮、连接所述发动机的环形齿轮、连接皮带轮的支架以及被支承用以在所述支架上转动并且与所述太阳齿轮和所述环形齿轮啮合的行星小齿轮。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动系统，其特征在于，所述变速器包含：
固定不转动的第一圈；
包含输入的第二圈；
与所述圈相接的球，所述球以可变速度驱动所述输出，所述可变速度取决于所述球和所述圈之间的接触位置，所述输出由所述球驱动并且固定到所述太阳齿轮。
3.根据权利要求2所述的驱动系统，其特征在于，进一步包含：
第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组包括连接所述输入的第二太阳齿轮、保持不转动的第二环形齿轮、连接所述皮带轮的第二支架以及被支承用以在所述第二支架上转动并且与所述第二太阳齿轮和所述第二环形齿轮啮合的第二行星小齿轮。
4.根据权利要求1所述的驱动系统，其特征在于，进一步包含：
第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组包括连接所述输入的第二太阳齿轮、保持不转动的第二环形齿轮、连接所述皮带轮的第二支架以及被支承用以在所述第二支架上转动并且与所述第二太阳齿轮和所述第二环形齿轮啮合的第二行星小齿轮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的驱动系统，其特征在于，进一步包含在所述发动机和所述皮带轮之间产生单向驱动连接的离合器。
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