CN102324871A - Piezoelectric type energy harvesting unit and application thereof - Google Patents
Piezoelectric type energy harvesting unit and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102324871A CN102324871A CN201110283546A CN201110283546A CN102324871A CN 102324871 A CN102324871 A CN 102324871A CN 201110283546 A CN201110283546 A CN 201110283546A CN 201110283546 A CN201110283546 A CN 201110283546A CN 102324871 A CN102324871 A CN 102324871A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric type energy harvesting unit and an application thereof. The piezoelectric type energy harvesting unit is formed by installing a piezoelectric vibrator in a simply supported beam supporting structure. The piezoelectric type energy harvesting unit provided by the invention and a load circuit are serially connected to form a power supply unit; the power supply unit is installed in constructions such as bridges, dams, buildings and the like, and vibration energy from the environment can be harvested to supply power for a wireless sensor node monitoring the fatigue status of buildings and/or mechanical equipment. A plurality of piezoelectric type energy harvesting units are combined to form a piezoelectric type energy harvesting module; the piezoelectric type energy harvesting module can be laid in rooms, subway stations or squares with dense people, etc. like ordinary floor to convert energy generated by working people into electrical energy. The piezoelectric type energy harvesting module can be directly laid under concrete of pavements, railways or airports to convert vibration energy of road surfaces into electrical energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly can human body to be trampled, vehicle ', take off the technology that mechanical energy that mechanical movement such as landing produces is converted into electric energy; Specifically; Relate to a kind of employing piezoelectric; That utilizes that the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric makes can change into the piezo-electric type energy collection unit and the application thereof of electric energy with mechanical energy collection, belongs to energy device technology field.
Background technology
The piezo-electric type energy harvester of collecting mechanical oscillation mainly contains the oscillating mode collection of energy device of three kinds of forms at present by Primary Study: electrostatic, electromagnetic type and piezoelectric type.Electrostatic application plate condenser principle needs external power supply; Electromagnetic type adopts the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance effect, and the mutual motion through coil and magnet is converted into electric energy with mechanical energy, and the dynamo-electric transformation efficiency of this mode is lower, and receives electromagnetic interference easily; Piezoelectric type has been utilized the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric, and the mode that produces electric charge through the piezoelectric stress deformation is converted into electric energy with mechanical energy, and volume is little, and energy density is high.
Piezoelectric is a kind of functional material that can produce electric charge under external force, and it has polytypes such as piezoelectric monocrystal, piezoelectric ceramic, organic piezoelectric materials, composite piezoelectric material.Could use after piezoelectric must polarize, the piezoelectric after the polarization shows polarity, and when receiving external force to do the time spent, piezoelectric material surface just has charge generation, piezoelectric effect that Here it is; On the contrary, if the piezoelectric upper and lower surfaces applies electric field, it will produce deformation, and this is an inverse piezoelectric effect.According to ieee standard 176 (1978), the constitutive equation of piezoelectric is:
S in the formula
iThe expression strain, D
mThe expression electric displacement, T
jBe stress, E
nBe electric field strength;
Be electric field strength E
nBe 0 or the elastic compliant coefficient when invariable, d
MjBe piezoelectric strain constant,
Be stress T
jBe 0 or the relative dielectric constant when invariable.
The piezoelectric of definite shape is just become the piezoelectric vibrator that can generally study and use by upper electrode layer after the polarization.For the rectangular plate shape piezoelectric vibrator, the polarised direction of regulation piezoelectric vibrator is 3 directions in the piezoelectricity, and length and Width are 1 and 2 directions.Piezoelectric vibrator has different vibration modes, as the 3-3} pattern, 3-1} pattern, beam mode etc., wherein { 3-3} modal representation external force acts on 3 directions, and electric charge also produces in 3 directions; { 3-1} modal representation external force acts on 1 direction, and electric charge produces in 3 directions.According to the different vibration modes of piezoelectric vibrator, people have have designed and produced the piezoelectric vibrator of multiple structure, like single-chip structure, double wafer structure, laminated construction, big cymbals structure, THUNDER structure, RAINBOW structure or the like.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of beam mode of piezoelectric vibrator under the simply supported beam boundary condition that utilize, mechanical energy is converted into the piezo-electric type energy collection unit and the application thereof of electric energy, collect switching device for this area increases a kind of novel energy.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is following:
A kind of piezo-electric type energy collection unit comprises piezoelectric vibrator and simply supported beam supporting construction, and piezoelectric vibrator is installed in the simply supported beam supporting construction; Said simply supported beam supporting construction comprises base plate, backing plate, limiting plate and top board, and the top board top is provided with cover plate, and the cover plate lower end is fixedly connected with impact block; Symmetric position is equipped with the required groove of piezoelectric vibrator is installed at the center of said backing plate, limiting plate and top board; The both sides of backing plate, limiting plate, top board are provided with location hole and spring eye; The base plate both sides are provided with location hole and blind hole; The cover plate both sides are provided with blind hole, and the middle part is provided with screw; Be provided with spring in the cavity between blind hole and the spring eye.
As preferred version, above-mentioned piezo-electric type energy collection unit, the structure of its piezoelectric vibrator are single-chip structure, double wafer structure, laminated construction, big cymbals structure, THUNDER structure or RAINBOW structure.
As further preferred version; Above-mentioned piezo-electric type energy collection unit, its piezoelectric vibrator are the single-chip structure, are made up of base material and piezoelectric; Front at base material is bonded with piezoelectric, and on the electrode layer of base material and piezoelectric, is welded with a lead respectively.
The shape of said single-chip can adopt rectangle, circle or curved.
As further preferred version; Said piezoelectric vibrator is a double wafer structure; Form by base material and piezoelectric, be bonded with piezoelectric respectively at the positive and negative of base material, and form parallel connection with lead between upper and lower two piezoelectrics; A wire bonds is on base material, and another root wire bonds is on the electrode layer of piezoelectric.
As further preferred version; Said piezoelectric vibrator is a double wafer structure; Form by base material and piezoelectric, be bonded with piezoelectric respectively, and on the electrode layer of upper and lower two piezoelectrics, all be welded with a lead to form series connection at the positive and negative of base material.
Said base material can select that good springiness, solderability are good, the exsertile metal material of fatigue resistance or select elasticity preferably organic material process, recommend to adopt beryllium copper, manganese steel, stainless steel or polyethylene to process.
Said piezoelectric can adopt piezoceramic material, like lead zirconate titanate (PZT) etc.; Monocrystalline piezoelectric material is like PMN-PT (PMN-PT) etc.; Leadless piezoelectric material material is like bismuth sodium titanate-barium titanate (NBBT) etc.; Or organic piezoelectric materials, process like Kynoar (PVDF) etc.
As preferred version, above-mentioned piezo-electric type energy collection unit, the shape of cross section of its impact block can be regular hexagon, rectangle, circle or other shapes that can adopt, preferred regular hexagon, rectangle or circle.
As preferred version, above-mentioned piezo-electric type energy collection unit, its base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, top board and cover plate are processed by insulating material; Impact block adopts elastic caoutchouc to process.
Piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention is connected in series with load circuit can constitutes power supply unit, said load circuit is to be formed by rectification circuit, commutator transformer and wireless sensor node serial connection.In buildings such as bridge, dam, building; Above-mentioned power supply unit is installed; Can collect of the wireless sensor node power supply of the vibrational energy of environment for monitoring building and/or motor device fatigue state; For example: in the concrete of bridge floor, bury several described power supply units, can collect of the wireless sensor node power supply of the vibrational energy of bridge for monitoring bridge fatigue state parameter information.
With several piezo-electric type energy collection unit combinations of the present invention, can form piezo-electric type collection of energy module.Described piezo-electric type collection of energy module can be installed in indoor as general floorings; Mechanical energy during with human body walking is converted into electric energy; Be the low energy consumption electronic device, supply power like low energy consumption electronic devices such as light-emitting diode, MP3, wireless switching, wireless sensor nodes; Also can be laid on crowded places such as subway station, railway station, bus station, the mechanical energy when collecting human body walking is low energy consumption electronic product power supplies such as ticket-validating machine, indicator light; Can also locate to lay on a large scale on highway, railway, airport etc., the mechanical energy that collection automobile, train, aircraft go and produce be the power supply of electronic products such as charge station, ticket-validating machine indicator light; Can also be with the unnecessary total electrical network of electric energy input country.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of rectangle single-chip structure;
Fig. 1 b is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of curved single-chip structure;
Fig. 1 c is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of circular single crystal chip architecture;
Fig. 1 d is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of series connection double wafer structure;
Fig. 1 e is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of parallelly connected double wafer structure;
Fig. 1 f is the piezoelectric vibrator sketch map of THUNDER structure;
Fig. 2 a is the structural representation of rectangular base plate;
Fig. 2 b is the structural representation of rectangle backing plate;
Fig. 2 c is the structural representation of rectangle limiting plate;
Fig. 2 d is the structural representation of rectangular-shaped top plate;
Fig. 2 e is the structural representation of rectangle cover plate;
Fig. 3 a is the structural representation of circular bottom plate;
Fig. 3 b is the structural representation of circular shim;
Fig. 3 c is the structural representation of circular limiting plate;
Fig. 3 d is the structural representation of circular top plate;
Fig. 3 e is the structural representation of circular cover;
Fig. 4 a is that shape of cross section is hexagonal impact block structural representation;
Fig. 4 b is that shape of cross section is the impact block structural representation of rectangle;
Fig. 4 c is that shape of cross section is circular impact block structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of simply supported beam supporting construction;
Fig. 6 a is the structural representation of piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention;
Fig. 6 b is the working state schematic representation of piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention;
Fig. 7 a is that piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention is the structural representation of wireless sensor node power supply;
Sketch map when Fig. 7 b is a piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention for the wireless sensor node power supply that transmits bridge fatigue state parameter information;
Fig. 8 is the cutaway view of the piezo-electric type collection of energy module described in the embodiment;
Fig. 9 is that the piezo-electric type collection of energy module described in the embodiment is at the indoor application structure sketch map that waits the place;
The application structure sketch map that Figure 10 locates on highway, railway and airport etc. for the piezo-electric type collection of energy module described in the embodiment;
The structural representation of the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that Figure 11 a is made into for the piezoelectric vibrator that adopts the single-chip structure;
The structural representation of the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that Figure 11 b is made into for the piezoelectric vibrator that adopts double wafer structure;
The structural representation of the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that Figure 11 c is made into for the piezoelectric vibrator that adopts warp architecture.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
A kind of piezo-electric type energy collection unit provided by the invention comprises piezoelectric vibrator and simply supported beam supporting construction, and piezoelectric vibrator is installed in the simply supported beam supporting construction.
Said piezoelectric vibrator can adopt the THUNDER structure shown in series connection double wafer structure, the parallelly connected double wafer structure shown in Fig. 1 e or Fig. 1 f shown in rectangle single-chip structure (seeing shown in Fig. 1 a), curved single-chip structure (seeing shown in Fig. 1 b), circular single crystal chip architecture (seeing shown in Fig. 1 c), Fig. 1 d, can also adopt laminated construction, big cymbals structure or RAINBOW structure etc.
Said simply supported beam supporting construction 23 is fixedly formed (seeing shown in Figure 5) by base plate 4, backing plate 7, limiting plate 10, top board 11 and the cover plate 12 that has an impact block 19/21/22 through stack, and the concrete characteristic of each laminate material is following:
1) both sides of base plate 4 be provided with fixing other sheet materials location hole 6 and with blind hole 5, the quantity of location hole 6 and shape can be adjusted (seeing shown in Fig. 2 a or Fig. 3 a) according to concrete application;
2) both sides of backing plate 7 are provided with location hole 6 with spring eye 9 and lay the required groove of piezoelectric vibrator 8, and the thickness of backing plate can be adjusted according to the maximum deflection amount of piezoelectric vibrator, and the length and width size of groove 8 is than piezoelectric vibrator big (seeing shown in Fig. 2 b or Fig. 3 b) slightly;
3) both sides of limiting plate 10 are provided with location hole 6 and spring eye 9 and lay the required groove of piezoelectric vibrator 8, and the size of groove 8 is than piezoelectric vibrator smaller (seeing shown in Fig. 2 c or Fig. 3 c);
4) both sides of top board 11 are provided with location hole 6 and spring eye 9 and lay the required groove of piezoelectric vibrator 8 (seeing shown in Fig. 2 d or Fig. 3 d);
5) cover plate 12 both sides are provided with blind hole 5, and the middle part is provided with screw 13 (seeing shown in Fig. 2 e or Fig. 3 e);
6) cover plate 12 lower ends are fixedly connected with impact block; Be fixed on through the location hole on it 20 on the screw 13 of cover plate 12; The shape of cross section of impact block can be geometries such as regular hexagon, rectangle, circle, is that the shape of cross section of regular hexagon (seeing shown in Fig. 4 a), impact block 21 is that the shape of cross section of rectangle (seeing shown in Fig. 4 b), impact block 22 is circular (seeing shown in Fig. 4 c) like: the shape of cross section of impact block 19;
And be provided with spring in the cavity between blind hole 5 and the spring eye 9.
The preparation technology of piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) selection of piezoelectric 1: according to the piezoelectric of the required kind of concrete application choice, have better piezoelectric property and the relatively inexpensive piezoelectric ceramic PZT of price, also can select piezoelectric monocrystal, like PMN-PT (PMN-PT) etc. such as selecting; Organic piezoelectric materials is like Kynoar (PVDF) etc.; Or leadless piezoelectric material material, like bismuth sodium titanate-barium titanate (NBBT) etc.; By the size cutting, can select circle, square, hexagon prismatic shapes;
(2) preparation of base material 2: material and size can be selected good springiness according to concrete needs, the good and exsertile metal material of fatigue resistance of solderability, like beryllium copper, manganese steel, stainless steel etc., can also select elasticity preferably organic material as base material; By the size cutting, the selection of base material thickness wants the neutral surface of bonding wafer in metal level, otherwise can reduce the energy density of piezoelectric;
(3) between piezoelectric 1 and base material 2, smear a layer binder, sample is placed between two metal plates again, apply the pressure of 0.5MPa～4.0MPa, fixing metal is dull and stereotyped; The metal plate that will accompany sample is then put into baking oven and was solidified 4 hours in 80 ℃, opens metal plate after naturally cooling to room temperature, takes out sample and can obtain piezoelectric and the bonding intact piezoelectric vibrator of base material;
(4) two leads 3 of welding on piezoelectric vibrator, and adopt three anti-lacquers to insulate and seal;
(5) base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, top board, cover plate and impact block are assembled just formed simply supported beam supporting construction 23; Can design difform simply supported beam supporting construction 23 for difform piezoelectric vibrator, Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 e is base plate 4, backing plate 7, limiting plate 10, top board 11 and the cover plate 12 to the energy collection unit of rectangle piezoelectric vibrator design; Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 e is base plate 14, backing plate 15, limiting plate 16, top board 17 and the cover plate 18 to the energy collection unit of circular piezoelectric oscillator design;
(6) piezoelectric vibrator is fit in the groove in the simply supported beam supporting construction, promptly gets piezo-electric type energy collection unit 24 of the present invention; Shown in Fig. 6 a is the piezo-electric type energy collection unit 24 that adopts the curved single-chip to make; Shown in Figure 11 a is the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that adopts the rectangle single-chip to make; Shown in Figure 11 b is the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that adopts twin lamella to make; Shown in Figure 11 c is the piezo-electric type energy collection unit that adopts the piezoelectric vibrator making of warp architecture.
The 25th, the operating state of piezo-electric type energy collection unit 24 under external force F effect.
Fixing with flexible-epoxy LER-0350 between said base material 2 and the piezoelectric 1 by weight the binding agent bonding that is preparation in 1: 5 through epoxy curing agent 593.
Said base material 2 can adopt beryllium copper, manganese steel, stainless steel, fiberglass or high resiliency polyethylene to process; Said piezoelectric 1 can adopt piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric monocrystal or leadless piezoelectric material material or organic piezoelectric materials; Said base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, top board and cover plate recommend to adopt glued board; It is the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber making of 80 degree that said impact block recommends to adopt hardness.
Piezoelectric energy collector unit of the present invention has multiple use:
1) application of wireless sense network aspect: can collect of the wireless sensor node power supply of the vibrational energy of environment for monitoring building and/or motor device fatigue state.Piezo-electric type energy collection unit 24 of the present invention is connected and composed power supply unit with load circuit 26, and said load circuit 26 is to form (seeing shown in Fig. 7 a) by rectification circuit, commutator transformer and wireless sensor node serial connection; In the concrete 27 of bridge floor, bury a plurality of above-mentioned power supply units (seeing shown in Fig. 7 b); When vehicle crosses; The deformation of piezo-electric type energy collection unit pressurized will produce electric energy; The electric energy that produces just can be for transmitting the wireless sensor node power supply of bridge fatigue state parameter information through full bridge rectifier and transformer.
2) application located such as indoor, highway, railway, airport, subway station: piezo-electric type energy collection unit of the present invention is assembled by shown in Figure 8; Just can form and to carry out the piezo-electric type collection of energy module 28 that large tracts of land is laid; The modules that eight the rectangle piezo-electric type energy collection unit of only having drawn among the figure are formed, but be not limited to this quantity and shape in the reality; According to practical application, can adopt serial or parallel connection to connect between the energy collection unit, also can be independently-powered; 1. the application that indoor, subway station and crowded square etc. are located: piezo-electric type collection of energy module 28 is laid on the subsurface that indoor, subway station and crowded square etc. are located as general floorings; Energy when collecting human body walking; As shown in Figure 9: as on the sandy soil layer 31 on said ground, to reserve the groove of laying piezo-electric type collection of energy module 28; Above the collection of energy module, cover one deck protective materials 29 after laying completion, concordant with general floorings 30.It is luminous that the electric energy of output directly drives LED through full-wave bridge, also can store to be provided with the back use; 2. the application of locating on highway, railway and airport etc.: piezo-electric type collection of energy module 28 is laid immediately on (shown in figure 10) below the concrete 27; When vehicle, train, just can drive the work of piezo-electric type collection of energy module when aircraft crosses, collect the vibrational energy on road surface; Rectification can directly utilize the electric energy of collecting through full-wave rectification bridge, also can electrical power storage be got up for future use.
The making of rectangle single-chip: selecting length x width x thickness is the monocrystalline piezoelectric material PMN-PT (PMN-0.29PT) of 20mm * 8mm * 0.3mm and the beryllium copper sheet that length x width x thickness is 38mm * 10mm * 0.5mm, and monocrystalline piezoelectric material PMN-PT (PMN-0.29PT) polarizes along thickness direction; Adopt epoxy curing agent 593 and flexible-epoxy LER-0350 to carry out the bonding of beryllium copper sheet and piezoelectric monocrystal PMN-PT by weight the binding agent that is preparation in 1: 5; Getting two block lengths * width * thickness is the parallel metal sheet of 150mm * 100mm * four jiaos of band positioning round orifice of 6mm; Sample places between two metallic plates; The symmetry place applies the pressure of 0.5MPa at the metallic plate center, screw is inserted in the positioning round orifice on the metallic plate fix; The metallic plate that fixes is put into baking oven, solidifies 5 hours in 60 ℃, naturally cool to room temperature after, turn on screw and take out bonding firm piezoelectric monocrystal sheet sample; Welding lead on the piezoelectric monocrystal of piezoelectric monocrystal sheet and beryllium copper sheet respectively; Lead is advisable with the insulated conductor of Φ 0.5mm; Then the piezoelectric monocrystal sheet of welding lead was immersed in the three anti-lacquers 1～3 minute, take out and put into baking oven and solidified 30 minutes in 30 ℃, promptly form the rectangle single-chip that insulation is sealed.
The making of simply supported beam supporting construction: choose length, width is respectively 80mm, 40mm, and thickness is respectively 6mm, 0.5mm; 1.0mm, 3.0mm, the bakelite plate of 6.0mm is successively as the base plate shown in Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 e; Backing plate, limiting plate, top board and cover plate, and at backing plate; Limiting plate, it is 34mm * 12mm * 0.5mm that the center symmetric position of top board processes length x width x thickness respectively, 40mm * 12mm * 1.0mm, the groove 8 of 34mm * 12mm * 3.0mm; At base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, four jiaos of center symmetric positions of top board process the location hole 6 of Φ 3.0mm, process the spring putting hole 9 of Φ 10.0mm at symmetric position place, center, two ends; Process two Φ 2.0mm screws 13 at a distance of 3.0mm at symmetric position place, the center of cover plate; It is the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of 80 degree that impact block adopts hardness, and shape selects to be of a size of the cylinder of 5.7 * Φ 8.0mm, and it is Φ 0.5 that spring is selected spring wire for use, and overall dimension is the helical spring of 12 * Φ 9.0mm; By shown in Figure 5 each component-assembled is got up to get final product.
The making of piezo-electric type energy collection unit: single-chip by in the simply supported beam supporting construction of packing into shown in Fig. 6 a, is packed into the cover plate that impact block is housed in the corresponding draw-in groove, and the piezo-electric type energy collection unit promptly completes.
Prepared piezo-electric type energy collection unit can produce the electricity output of 3mW under the mechanics excitation of 2Hz.
The making of curved single-chip: selection length x width x thickness is that piezoelectric ceramic PZT material and the length x width x thickness of 70mm * 15mm * 0.5mm is 78mm * 18mm * 0.5mm; Sagitta is the crooked beryllium copper sheet of 1.5mm, and piezoelectric ceramic piece polarizes along thickness direction; Adopt epoxy curing agent 593 and flexible-epoxy LER-0350 to carry out the bonding of beryllium copper sheet and piezoelectric ceramic piece PZT by weight the binding agent that is preparation in 1: 5; Getting two block lengths * width * thickness is the parallel metal sheet of 230mm * 170mm * four jiaos of band positioning round orifice of 6mm; Sample places between two metallic plates; The symmetry place applies the pressure of 2.0MPa at the metallic plate center, screw is inserted in the circular hole on the metallic plate fix then; The metallic plate that fixes is put into baking oven, solidified 4 hours in 80 ℃, naturally cool to room temperature after, turn on screw and take out bonding firm curved piezoelectric monocrystal sheet sample; Welding lead on the potsherd of piezoelectric monocrystal sheet and beryllium copper sheet respectively; Lead is advisable with the insulated conductor of Φ 0.5mm; Then the single-chip of welding lead was immersed in the three anti-lacquers 1～3 minute, take out and put into baking oven and solidified 30 minutes in 30 ℃, promptly form the arch single-chip that insulation is sealed.
The making of simply supported beam supporting construction: choose length, width is respectively 120mm, 40mm, and thickness is respectively 6mm, 1.0mm; 3.0mm, 6.0mm, the bakelite plate of 6.0mm is successively as the base plate shown in Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 e; Backing plate, limiting plate, top board and cover plate are by shown in Figure 2 respectively at backing plate; Limiting plate, it is 74mm * 20mm * 1.0mm that the center symmetric position of top board processes length x width x thickness, 80mm * 20mm * 3.0mm, the groove 8 of 74mm * 20mm * 6.0mm; At base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, four jiaos of center symmetric positions of top board process the location hole 6 of Φ 3.0mm, process the spring putting hole 9 of Φ 10.0mm at symmetric position place, center, two ends; Process two Φ 2.0mm screws 13 at a distance of 3.0mm at symmetric position place, the center of cover plate; It is the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of 80 degree that impact block adopts hardness, and shape selects to be of a size of the cylinder of 8 * Φ 8.0mm, and it is Φ 0.5 that spring is selected spring wire for use, and overall dimension is the helical spring of 12 * Φ 9.0mm; By shown in Figure 5 each component-assembled is got up to get final product.
The making of piezo-electric type energy collection unit: the curved single-chip by in the simply supported beam supporting construction of packing into shown in Fig. 6 a, is packed into the cover plate that impact block is housed in the corresponding draw-in groove, and the piezo-electric type energy collection unit promptly completes.
Prepared piezo-electric type energy collection unit can produce the electricity output of 7mW under the mechanics excitation of 2Hz.
The making of circular single crystal sheet: selection thickness * diameter is that piezoelectric ceramic PZT and the thickness * diameter of 0.5mm * Φ 35mm is the beryllium copper sheet of 0.5mm * Φ 45mm, and piezoelectric ceramic polarizes along thickness direction; Adopt epoxy curing agent 593 and flexible-epoxy LER-0350 to carry out the bonding of beryllium copper sheet and piezoelectric ceramic piece PZT by weight the binding agent that is preparation in 1: 5; Getting two block lengths * width * thickness is the parallel metal sheet of 200mm * 200mm * four jiaos of band positioning round orifice of 6mm; Sample places between two metallic plates; On metallic plate, apply the pressure of 2.0MPa, screw is inserted in the positioning round orifice on the metallic plate fix then; The metallic plate that fixes is put into baking oven, solidified 4 hours in 80 ℃, naturally cool to room temperature after, turn on screw and take out bonding firm piezoelectric monocrystal sheet sample; Welding lead on the potsherd of piezoelectric monocrystal sheet and beryllium copper sheet respectively, lead is advisable with the insulated conductor of Φ 0.5mm, then the single-chip of welding lead is immersed in the three anti-lacquers 1～3 minute, takes out to put into baking oven and solidified 30 minutes in 30 ℃; Promptly form the circular single crystal sheet that insulation is sealed.
The making of simply supported beam supporting construction: choosing diameter is Φ 70mm, and thickness is respectively 6mm, 1.0mm, 3.0mm; 6.0mm the bakelite plate of 6.0mm is successively as the base plate shown in Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 e, backing plate; Limiting plate, top board and cover plate, respectively at backing plate, limiting plate; It is Φ 40mm * 1.0mm that the center symmetric position of top board processes thickness * diameter, Φ 46mm * 3.0mm, the groove 8 of Φ 40mm * 6.0mm; At base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, the center symmetric position of top board processes the location hole 6 of 6 Φ 3.0mm and the spring putting hole 9 of Φ 10.0mm; Symmetric position processes two Φ 2.0mm screws 13 at a distance of 3.0mm at the center of cover plate; It is the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber of 80 degree that impact block adopts hardness, and shape selects to be of a size of the cylinder of 8 * Φ 8.0mm, and it is Φ 0.5 that spring is selected spring wire for use, and overall dimension is the helical spring of 12 * Φ 9.0mm; By shown in Figure 5 each component-assembled is got up to get final product.
The making of piezo-electric type energy collection unit: the circular single crystal sheet by in the simply supported beam supporting construction of packing into shown in Fig. 6 a, is packed into the cover plate that impact block is housed in the corresponding draw-in groove, and the piezo-electric type energy collection unit promptly completes.
Prepared piezo-electric type energy collection unit can produce the electricity output of 10mW under the mechanics excitation of 2Hz.
Laminated construction described in this patent file can be referring to the description among the american documentation literature US5245734; Described big cymbals structure can be referring to Journal of Electroceramics (" electronic ceramic journal "), 2005 (15), the description in the 27-34 page or leaf; Described THUNDER structure can be referring to Sensors and Actuators A (" transducer and actuator, A collects: physical sensors "), 1998 (69), the description in the 33-38 page or leaf; Described RAINBOW structure can be referring to Am.Ceram.Soc.Bull (" U.S.'s ceramics meeting communique "), 1994 (73), the description in the 93-96 page or leaf.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment only is used for the present invention is further specified; Can not be interpreted as the restriction to protection range of the present invention, some nonessential improvement that those skilled in the art's foregoing according to the present invention is made and adjustment all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. piezo-electric type energy collection unit, it is characterized in that: comprise piezoelectric vibrator and simply supported beam supporting construction, piezoelectric vibrator is installed in the simply supported beam supporting construction; Said simply supported beam supporting construction comprises base plate, backing plate, limiting plate and top board, and the top board top is provided with cover plate, and the cover plate lower end is fixedly connected with impact block; Symmetric position is equipped with the required groove of piezoelectric vibrator is installed at the center of said backing plate, limiting plate and top board; The both sides of backing plate, limiting plate, top board are provided with location hole and spring eye; The base plate both sides are provided with location hole and blind hole; The cover plate both sides are provided with blind hole, and the middle part is provided with screw; Be provided with spring in the cavity between blind hole and the spring eye.
2. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said piezoelectric vibrator is single-chip structure, double wafer structure, laminated construction, big cymbals structure, THUNDER structure or RAINBOW structure.
3. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said piezoelectric vibrator is the single-chip structure; Form by base material and piezoelectric, be bonded with piezoelectric, and on base material and piezoelectric, be welded with a lead respectively in the front of base material.
4. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said single-chip be shaped as rectangle, circle or curved.
5. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said piezoelectric vibrator is a double wafer structure; Form by base material and piezoelectric, be bonded with piezoelectric respectively at the positive and negative of base material, and form parallel connection with lead between upper and lower two piezoelectrics; A wire bonds is on base material, and another root wire bonds is on the electrode layer of piezoelectric.
6. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said piezoelectric vibrator is a double wafer structure; Form by base material and piezoelectric; Positive and negative at base material is bonded with piezoelectric respectively, and on the electrode layer of upper and lower two piezoelectrics, all is welded with a lead to form series connection.
7. according to claim 3,5 or 6 described piezo-electric type energy collection unit, it is characterized in that: said base material adopts beryllium copper, manganese steel, stainless steel or polyethylene to process.
8. according to claim 3,5 or 6 described piezo-electric type energy collection unit, it is characterized in that: said piezoelectric adopts piezoceramic material, monocrystalline piezoelectric material, leadless piezoelectric material material or organic piezoelectric materials to process.
9. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shape of cross section of said impact block is regular hexagon, rectangle or circle.
10. piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said base plate, backing plate, limiting plate, top board and cover plate are processed by insulating material; Said impact block adopts elastic caoutchouc to process.
11. the application of the described piezo-electric type energy collection unit of claim 1; It is characterized in that: be connected in series with load circuit by described piezo-electric type energy collection unit and constitute power supply unit, said load circuit is formed by rectification circuit, commutator transformer and wireless sensor node serial connection.
12. the application of piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 10 is characterized in that: described power supply unit is used to collect the wireless sensor node power supply of the vibrational energy of environment for monitoring building and/or motor device fatigue state.
13. the application of the described piezo-electric type energy collection unit of claim 1 is characterized in that: be combined to form piezo-electric type collection of energy module by several described piezo-electric type energy collection unit.
14. the application of piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the subsurface that described piezo-electric type collection of energy module is laid on indoor, subway station or other crowded square.
15. the application of piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 14; It is characterized in that: on said underground sandy soil layer, reserve the groove of laying described piezo-electric type collection of energy module; Above the collection of energy module, cover one deck protective materials after laying completion, and maintenance is concordant with general floorings.
16. the application of piezo-electric type energy collection unit according to claim 13 is characterized in that: described piezo-electric type collection of energy module is laid immediately on below the concrete on highway, railway or airport.
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