CN103296923B - Exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) - Google Patents
Exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one and exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), comprising: possess the Each piezoelectric transduction unit be made up of piezoelectric; Clamp described Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide the fixture of axial compressive force to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit, the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between two jig arm of described fixture; And the electric energy for described Each piezoelectric transduction unit deformation being produced exports and the electric energy from external power source can be inputed to the transmission unit of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.This exempts from the collection that magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) not only may be used for vibrational energy, can also realize the function of electric drive and switch control rule as driver.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to piezoelectric and device and new energy source technology field, particularly, relate to one and exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), this PZT (piezoelectric transducer) can utilize the vibrational energy of environment to generate electricity, also can carry out violent oscillatory motion under the driving of electric field, realize the function such as switch, driving.
Background technology
Piezoelectric is a kind of functional material that can produce electric field under mechanical stress effect, and this effect producing electric field under mechanical stress effect is called piezoelectric effect.In addition, piezoelectric also has inverse piezoelectric effect, under the effect of electric field, namely produce the characteristic of mechanical stress or mechanical strain.According to the standard (ieee standard 176-1978) that IEEE-USA promulgates, following formula (1) is the constitutive equation of piezoelectric, can be used for characterizing piezoelectric effect and inverse piezoelectric effect.In this formula (1), S and T represents mechanical strain and mechanical stress respectively; E and D represents electric field strength and electric displacement respectively; S
erepresent the mechanical elasticity ratio of slenderness under the constant or null condition of electric field, ε
trepresent the dielectric constant under the constant or null condition of mechanical stress, d is the piezoelectric strain coefficient characterizing piezoelectric property power:
。
Since finding piezoelectric effect from Curie brother in 1880 over more than 100 year, people have utilized piezoelectric to have developed various piezoelectric device, comprise various resonator, transducer, filter, brake, SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) device, electro-optical device, magnetoelectronic devices etc., these piezoelectric devices are widely used in the every field such as information, the energy, environment, have irreplaceable important function in high technology development.
In the last few years along with the development of micro-electromechanical technology and integrated circuit, the energy consumption of electronic circuit was more and more lower, and the energy consumption of some electronic device has been reduced to microwatt magnitude, such as cardiac pacemaker, micro-nano transducer, electronic tag etc.Therefore utilize environmental energy to realize low power dissipation electron device to exempt from battery and confess that workable research becomes a focus in the last few years.The self energizing some special application fields being realized to electronic device has urgent and significant meaning.Such as in Internet of Things field, wireless sensor node is ten hundreds of, use conventional batteries to power and there are problems, such as battery volume is large, the life-span is short, be difficult to repeatedly charge, and the wireless sensor node particularly in building masonry wall realizes the replacing of conventional batteries and charging is almost impossible.
And collect the technology that environmental energy carries out generating electricity, mainly contain photovoltaic power generation technology at present, thermoelectric conversion technology, wind power generation etc., they make use of solar energy, thermal gradient energy, wind energy in environment respectively.Also have a kind of widely distributed energy in environment, i.e. vibrational energy, is subject to the attention of researcher in the last few years gradually, becomes a large study hotspot.Utilizing the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric to carry out vibration energy harvesting is the more effective vibration energy harvesting mode of one.Piezoelectric energy gatherer has that electromechanical conversion efficiency is high, output voltage is high, structure is simple, volume is little, be content with very little the features such as integrated requirement, and without the need to applied bias electric field, not by electromagnetic interference, so piezoelectric energy gatherer receives increasing concern.
Although piezoelectric energy gatherer has series of advantages as above, distance meets application request completely and also has certain distance.The problem of restriction piezoelectric energy gatherer practical application mainly contains that frequency band is narrow, resonance frequency is high, energy acquisition efficiency is low, theoretical model imperfection etc.But the non-linear piezoelectric energy collection technique recently grown up to some extent solves these problems, advances the practical application process of piezoelectric energy gatherer.Non-linear piezoelectric energy collection technique is mainly reflected in structural design aspect and energy acquisition circuit aspect.The former is bistable state piezoelectric energy gatherer etc. disclosed in US Patent No. 20110095648A1, and the latter is synchronous charge-extraction circuit etc. disclosed in PCT application WO/2007/063194.
Above-mentioned bistable structure piezoelectric energy gatherer is the illustration that nonlinear technology is applied at piezoelectric energy assembling sphere.Adopt this structure not only can increase bandwidth, reduce frequency, effectively can also improve output, increase energy conversion efficiency.But the jump that the at present realization of bistable structure all will realize between energy state by the interaction of magnet, magnet is not only subject to the impact of surrounding magnetic field in vibration energy harvesting process, the magnetic field that itself produces simultaneously also can have an impact to neighbouring electronic device, and this does not contradict by the characteristic of electromagnetic interference with piezoelectric energy gatherer.Therefore design the piezoelectric energy collecting device structure exempting from magnet and just seem especially important and urgent.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one to exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), this exempts from the collection that magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) not only may be used for vibrational energy, can also realize the function of electric drive and switch control rule as driver.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, one provided by the invention exempts from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), comprising: possess the Each piezoelectric transduction unit be made up of piezoelectric; Clamp described Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide the fixture of axial compressive force to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit, the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between two jig arm of described fixture; And the electric energy for described Each piezoelectric transduction unit deformation being produced exports and the electric energy from external power source can be inputed to the transmission unit of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
According to the present invention, by holder Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide axial compressive force to this Each piezoelectric transduction unit, and due to Each piezoelectric transduction unit axial dimension slightly larger than fixture two jig arm between distance, Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be made to produce bending, form epirelief and recessed two stable states, namely form bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer).That is, bistable structure of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention is formed by the compression potential energy of the Each piezoelectric transduction unit by axial compression itself and bowing potential energy, and does not need the interaction of magnet to form bistable state.
Thus, the bistable structure formed by axial compression and bending two parts potential energy sum of the present invention, eliminate conventional bi-stable structure and adopt the problems such as the volume that brings of magnet is large, structure is not compact, magnetic interference, there is broadband simultaneously, low frequency, high output and high efficiency, not by advantages such as electromagnetic interference.Of the present inventionly exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) not only can be applied to vibrational energy in environment collection by above-mentioned transmission unit; Also the function of driving and switch can be realized under the control of electric field.That is, under electric field excitation, driving effect can be played, as piezoelectric driving device by the jump between bistable state; On-off action can also be played by the jump between bistable state, as Piezoelectric switches device under electric field excitation.
Again, in the present invention, this is exempted from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and can also comprise being arranged in described Each piezoelectric transduction unit and provide inertia-powered power with the mass making it produce deformation to it.
According to this configuration, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) when carrying out vibration energy harvesting can in Each piezoelectric transduction unit installation quality block, by this mass mainly under mechanical oscillation excitation for Each piezoelectric transduction unit applies the inertia force needed for bistable state jump, thus the collection that more effectively can realize utilizing this to exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) carries out vibrational energy.In addition, the material of this mass can be metal material, inorganic material, high-molecular organic material etc., and its geometry also can be the various shape such as cylindrical, cube shaped.
Again, in the present invention, described fixture can be U-shaped fixture, and the relative inner surface of two jig arm of described fixture is provided with groove for clamping described Each piezoelectric transduction unit respectively symmetrically, and the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between described groove.
According to this configuration, the two ends of Each piezoelectric transduction unit are by the grooves hold of U-shaped fixture, and, because the axial dimension of Each piezoelectric transduction unit is slightly larger than the distance between two grooves, after in two grooves Each piezoelectric transduction unit being embedded in U-shaped fixture, two jig arm of U-shaped fixture have axial compression to Each piezoelectric transduction unit, what therefore Each piezoelectric transduction unit will produce up or down is bending, exempts from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) effectively formed and be bent upwards and reclinate Stable structure with this this.
Again, in the present invention, described Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer, single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device, stacked piezoelectric energy transducer, V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device.
According to this configuration, adopt bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer, single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device, stacked piezoelectric energy transducer, V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device etc. all effectively can form the Each piezoelectric transduction unit exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention.It is applied widely, and structure is simple, is easy to manufacture.
Again, in the present invention, described Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be the compound magnetoelectric energy transducer be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material.
According to this configuration, when adopting this compound magnetoelectric energy transducer be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material as Each piezoelectric transduction unit, described in magnetic field excitation can make, exempt from the jump between magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generation energy state.Thus collection of energy, field drives and the magnetic control switch in magnetic field also can be realized under the excitation in magnetic field.
In said structure, described transmission unit can comprise the electrode cable being connected to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
According to this configuration, the electric energy that the Each piezoelectric transduction unit exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention produces due to the piezoelectric effect of its piezoelectric can be exported by this electrode cable, thus can be collected by the electric energy collection device of outside.In addition, external power source also can by this electrode cable to the piezoelectric effect electric field in this Each piezoelectric transduction unit, thus due to inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric in Each piezoelectric transduction unit can produce deformation under the electric field action of external power source, drive the change of the change of Each piezoelectric transduction unit generation axial stretching and sag, thus jump between two potential wells, reach the effect that voltage switch controls; Also directly can act as ancillary equipment with this jump and mechanical force is provided, drive ancillary equipment work, may be used for precise hard_drawn tuhes and micro-nano manufacture field.
Again, in the present invention, described fixture clamps described Each piezoelectric transduction unit with fixed-end boundary condition or simple boundary condition.
According to this configuration, in described bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), the clamping boundary condition of fixture to Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be fixed-end boundary condition, also can be simple boundary condition, fixture can be made effectively to provide axial compressive force to Each piezoelectric transduction unit with this.Further, the function of this fixture mainly provides axial compression stress and clamping boundary condition to Each piezoelectric transduction unit, and its geometry, material therefor, method of clamping etc. are as the criterion to have this function, not by above-described restriction.
Again, in the present invention, described piezoelectric can be organic piezoelectric materials, piezoceramic material, monocrystalline piezoelectric material or leadless piezoelectric material material.Wherein, this organic piezoelectric materials can be such as PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) serial organic piezoelectric materials etc.; This piezoceramic material can be such as PZT(lead zirconate titanate) piezoelectric ceramic etc.; This monocrystalline piezoelectric material can be such as PMNT(PMN-PT) piezoelectric crystal, PZNT(lead zinc niobate-lead titanates) piezoelectric crystal, quartz crystal etc.; This leadless piezoelectric material material can be such as NBBT(bismuth sodium titanate-barium titanate) crystal or pottery.
According to this configuration, multiple piezoelectric can be adopted to form the Each piezoelectric transduction unit exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention, and its range of choice is wide, is easy to manufacture and realize.
Again, at the above-mentioned compound magnetoelectric energy transducer be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material as in the structure of Each piezoelectric transduction unit, described magnetostrictive material can be Terfenol-D(terbium dysprosium ferrums) magnetostrictive material or Metglass(metal glass) magnetostrictive material.
According to this configuration, above-mentioned Terfenol-D(terbium dysprosium ferrum can be adopted) magnetostrictive material, Metglass(metal glass) magnetostrictive material such as magnetostrictive material make the compound magnetoelectric energy transducer be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material effectively, are beneficial to its effect under magnetic field excitation.
According to following embodiment also with reference to accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage will be more clear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the decomposing schematic representation of exempting from the structure of magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the steady state picture be bent upwards of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the reclinate steady state picture of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 shows the potential energy diagram of exempting from Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram for vibration energy harvesting of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram for electric drive and on-off action of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of exempting from the Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows the structural representation of exempting from the Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to the third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 shows the structural representation of exempting from the Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 shows the structural representation of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 shows the structural representation of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
By being described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be understood better.
The invention provides one and exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), comprising: possess the Each piezoelectric transduction unit be made up of piezoelectric; Clamp described Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide the fixture of axial compressive force to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit, the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between two jig arm of described fixture; And the electric energy for described Each piezoelectric transduction unit deformation being produced exports and the electric energy from external power source can be inputed to the transmission unit of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
According to the present invention, by holder Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide axial compressive force to this Each piezoelectric transduction unit, and due to Each piezoelectric transduction unit axial dimension slightly larger than fixture two jig arm between distance, Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be made to produce bending, form the bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) possessing epirelief and recessed two stable states, and do not need the interaction of magnet to form bistable state.Eliminate conventional bi-stable structure and adopt the problems such as the volume that brings of magnet is large, structure is not compact, magnetic interference, there is broadband, low frequency simultaneously, highly to export and high efficiency, not by advantages such as electromagnetic interference.
Fig. 1 shows the decomposing schematic representation of exempting from the structure of magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively illustrate Fig. 1 exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 assembling after be bent upwards and reclinate steady state picture.Embodiment shown in Fig. 1 possesses " U " clamp 6 and the magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of exempting from as the bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 is that example is described in detail, described fixture and bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer are just for illustration of specific embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the first embodiment as shown in Figure 1, magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of exempting from of the present invention possesses the two ends of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 and this Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 of clamping to provide the fixture 6 of axial compressive force to this Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4.In the present embodiment, this Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 is made up of bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, this bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer comprises two panels piezoelectric 1 and is held on the elastic sheet metal 2 between this two panels piezoelectric 1.In one embodiment, this two panels piezoelectric 1 is the PZT-5H piezoelectric being of a size of 46mm × 20mm × 0.2mm, and this sheet elastic sheet metal 2 is the beryllium copper sheets being of a size of 46.60mm × 20mm × 0.2mm.This piezoelectric 1 and the bonding formation Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 as shown in Figure 1 of beryllium copper sheet by such as epoxy resin (epoxy resin LER0350+ curing agent 593).This piezoelectric 1 carries out polarization process at thickness direction before bonding, and the two panels piezoelectric 1 as twin lamella is connected in parallel, and extraction electrode wire 3 on sheet metal 2 and one of them piezoelectric 1 respectively, to be connected with external electrical device.
In addition, " U " clamp 6 as shown in Figure 1, the relative inner surface of two jig arm of described fixture 6 has been provided with the groove 5 of clamping action respectively symmetrically.In one embodiment of this invention, the upper-lower height of this groove 5 is about 0.7mm, and the distance (that is, the distance between the surface that the opening depth of two grooves 5 is relative) between two grooves 5 is 46.58mm.As shown in phantom in Figure 1, the size of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 is slightly larger than the distance between two grooves 5.
By direction shown in arrow in Fig. 1, among two grooves 5 two ends of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 being embedded respectively " U " clamp 6.In the present embodiment, because the two ends of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 are clamped by the groove 5 of " U " clamp 6, thus the clamping boundary condition of groove 5 pairs of Each piezoelectric transduction unit is formed as simple boundary condition.
And, because the size of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 is slightly larger than the distance between two grooves 5, after in two grooves 5 Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 being embedded in " U " clamp 6, two jig arm of " U " clamp 6 have axial compression (as shown in the lateral arrows of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) to Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4, what therefore Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 will produce up or down is bending, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, exempt from the formation of magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 to be bent upwards and reclinate bistable structure with this this.
Above-mentioned exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 be bent upwards and in reclinate bistable structure, the amount of deflection w curve that Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 is bending can use the differential equation approximate solution of formula (2), and formula (3) is the sag curve that the Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 solved according to formula (2) bends:
；
Wherein E is the Young's modulus of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4, and I is the cross sectional moment of inertia of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4, and F is axial force, and l is the distance between two grooves 5, c
0represent the static buckling amount of deflection of the intermediate point of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4.
In addition, total potential energy U(z when Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 bends) can formula (4) approximate representation be used:
；
Wherein z is the up-down vibration displacement of the intermediate point of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4, and A is the cross-sectional area of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4.
Fig. 4 shows the potential energy diagram of exempting from Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 4, total potential energy U(z for when Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 bends) with the relation curve of the up-down vibration displacement z of the intermediate point of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4, along with the change of this vibration displacement z, this Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 has two settling positions, and when vibrational energy is greater than middle potential barrier, can be implemented in the jump between two potential wells, show chaotic motion.Therefore the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of this structure also has bistable characteristic, and this bistable realization is the bowing potential energy of dependence Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 itself and compresses the shifting relational implementation of potential energy, eliminate conventional bi-stable structure and rely on magnet interaction to produce the shortcoming of two potential well.Therefore, fix the distance between two grooves 5, by regulating length or the c of Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4
0size, just can realize potential barrier height and regulate, thus exempt from the complexity that magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 jumps between this pair of potential well described in changing.
Of the present inventionly exempt from the collection that magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 not only can be applied to vibrational energy in environment; Also the function of driving and switch can be realized under the control of electric field.That is, under electric field excitation, driving effect can be played, as piezoelectric driving device by the jump between bistable state; On-off action can also be played by the jump between bistable state, as Piezoelectric switches device under electric field excitation.
Particularly, in order to realize the collection of vibrational energy, as shown in Figure 5, can in the Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 installation quality block 8, and exempt from the certain mechanical oscillation Fsin ω t of magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7, mass 8 will pass to Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 this mechanical oscillation due to effect of inertia.When mechanical oscillation intensity F reaches certain value, this is exempted from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 and just can jump between two potential wells, drive the piezoelectric 1 in Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 to produce deformation, piezoelectric 1 will due to piezoelectric effect at electrode cable 3 two ends output voltage or electric energy.Also as shown in Figure 5, this exempts from voltage that magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 exports through electrode cable 3 or electric energy is collected by electric energy acquisition end 9.Due to bistable nonlinear effect, this magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7 of exempting from can have larger bandwidth than conventional linear piezoelectric energy gatherer, lower frequency, higher output electric energy and dynamo-electric transformation efficiency.
In addition, in order to realize electric field driven or on-off action, as shown in Figure 6, directly certain control voltage 10 can be applied at the two ends of the electrode cable 3 of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 7.Due to inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric in Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 can produce deformation under the electric field action of control voltage 10, drive Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 that the change of axial stretching change and sag occurs, thus jump between two potential wells, reach the effect that voltage switch controls; Also directly can act as ancillary equipment with this jump and mechanical force is provided, drive ancillary equipment work, may be used for precise hard_drawn tuhes and micro-nano manufacture field.
More than describe the embodiment that the present invention exempts from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) in detail, but the present invention is not limited to this.Such as, in other embodiments of the invention, this Each piezoelectric transduction unit exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) also can be single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device, stacked piezoelectric energy transducer, V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device etc.
Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 respectively illustrates according to a second embodiment of the present invention to the structural representation of exempting from the Each piezoelectric transduction unit in magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the 4th embodiment.As shown in Figure 7 to 9, exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) according to a second embodiment of the present invention to the 4th embodiment, Each piezoelectric transduction unit adopts the structure of single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device, stacked piezoelectric energy transducer, V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device respectively.
Particularly, the Each piezoelectric transduction unit shown in Fig. 7 is made up of single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device 11, and it possesses the piezoelectric 1 and elastic sheet metal 2 that mutually bond together.Be similar to the bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer in above-mentioned first embodiment, this single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device 11 also can be clamped by " U " clamp, to form above-mentioned bistable structure.And, be similar to the first embodiment, piezoelectric 1 and the elastic sheet metal 2 of this single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device 11 can be distinguished extraction electrode wire (diagram is omitted) to be connected with external electrical device, thus can export through this electrode cable the voltage or electric energy that are produced by the piezoelectric effect of this single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device 11, or by this electrode cable, control voltage is applied to this single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device 11.
Again, the Each piezoelectric transduction unit shown in Fig. 8 is made up of stacked piezoelectric energy transducer 12, and it possesses elastic sheet metal 2 and is bonded in the piezoelectric 1 of the multiple laminations on the both sides of this elastic sheet metal 2 respectively.Be similar to the bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer in above-mentioned first embodiment, this stacked piezoelectric energy transducer 12 also can be clamped by " U " clamp, to form above-mentioned bistable structure.And, be similar to the first embodiment, elastic sheet metal 2 and one of them piezoelectric 1 of this stacked piezoelectric energy transducer 12 can be distinguished extraction electrode wire (diagram is omitted) to be connected with external electrical device, and the piezoelectric 1 of the plurality of lamination is connected in parallel.
Again, the Each piezoelectric transduction unit shown in Fig. 9 is made up of V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device 13, and it possesses piezoelectric 1 and is arranged at the elastic sheet metal 2 of " big cymbals shape " on the both sides of this piezoelectric 1 respectively.Be similar to the bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer in above-mentioned first embodiment, this V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device 13 also can be clamped by " U " clamp, to form above-mentioned bistable structure.Further, be similar to the first embodiment, piezoelectric 1 and one of them elastic sheet metal 2 of V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device 13 can be distinguished extraction electrode wire (diagram is omitted) to be connected with external electrical device, and the elastic sheet metal 2 of both sides be connected in parallel.
Again, in other embodiment of the present invention, the compound magnetoelectric energy transducer that this Each piezoelectric transduction unit also can be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material, such as, with reference to Figure 11.The compound magnetoelectric energy transducer 16 that Each piezoelectric transduction unit shown in Figure 11 is made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material is formed, and it possesses magnetostrictive material 15 and is bonded in the piezoelectric 1 on the both sides of these magnetostrictive material 15 respectively.Be similar to the bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer in above-mentioned first embodiment, the compound magnetoelectric energy transducer 16 that should be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material also can be clamped by " U " clamp, to form above-mentioned bistable structure.And, be similar to the first embodiment, magnetostrictive material 15 and one of them piezoelectric 1 of this compound magnetoelectric energy transducer 16 be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material can be distinguished extraction electrode wire (diagram is omitted) to be connected with external electrical device, and the piezoelectric 1 of both sides is connected in parallel.
Now, magnetic field excitation can make the jump between this bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generation energy state.Thus collection of energy, field drives and the magnetic control switch in magnetic field also can be realized under the excitation in magnetic field.Wherein, these magnetostrictive material can be Terfenol-D(terbium dysprosium ferrums) magnetostrictive material, Metglass(metal glass) magnetostrictive material etc.
Again, in other embodiments of the invention, fixture also can fixed-end boundary condition clamping Each piezoelectric transduction unit.Figure 10 shows the structural representation of exempting from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 14 according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, wherein, adopts the fixed-end boundary condition that Each piezoelectric transduction unit 4 two ends three degree of freedom is completely limited.And mainly provide axial compression stress and clamping boundary condition to Each piezoelectric transduction unit due to the function of fixture, therefore its geometry, material therefor, method of clamping etc. are as the criterion to have this function, do not limit by the above, as long as enable fixture effectively provide axial compressive force to Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
In addition, exempt from each embodiment of magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention, piezoelectric can be organic piezoelectric materials, as PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) serial organic piezoelectric materials etc.; Also can be piezoceramic material, as PZT(lead zirconate titanate) piezoelectric ceramic etc.; Also can be monocrystalline piezoelectric material, as PMNT(PMN-PT) piezoelectric crystal, PZNT(lead zinc niobate-lead titanates) piezoelectric crystal, quartz crystal etc.; Also can be all kinds of leadless piezoelectric material material, as NBBT(bismuth sodium titanate-barium titanate) crystal or pottery.This piezoelectric range of choice is wide, is easy to manufacture and realize.
In addition, the geometry of above-mentioned Each piezoelectric transduction unit can be cylindrical, can be also other shapes such as cuboid, has the factor such as concrete application conditions and piezoelectric used to determine.
Above-mentioned explanation is the elaboration carried out the present invention with specific embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to the special parameter of above-described embodiment, certain material and geometry in particular, and this embodiment is only schematic, instead of restrictive.Those skilled in the art is under the enlightenment of technical solution of the present invention; according to know-why of the present invention; when not departing from present inventive concept; a lot of distortion can also be done; such as adopt Each piezoelectric transduction unit or the magnetoelectricity composite transducer of other types; or the height of the material of change Each piezoelectric transduction unit or magnetoelectricity composite transducer, size, geometry, potential barrier, the connection in series-parallel pattern of piezoelectric, Each piezoelectric transduction unit or magnetoelectricity composite transducer clamping boundary condition etc., these are all within protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. exempt from a magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, comprising:
The Each piezoelectric transduction unit be made up of piezoelectric;
Clamp described Each piezoelectric transduction unit to provide the fixture of axial compressive force to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit, the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between two jig arm of described fixture, and described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is subject to axial compressive force that described fixture provides and is formed being bent upwards and reclinate bistable structure; And
Electric energy for described Each piezoelectric transduction unit deformation being produced exports and the electric energy from external power source can be inputed to the transmission unit of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
2. according to claim 1ly exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, also comprising being arranged in described Each piezoelectric transduction unit provides inertia-powered power with the mass making it produce deformation to it.
3. according to claim 1ly exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described fixture is U-shaped fixture, the relative inner surface of two jig arm of described fixture is provided with groove for clamping described Each piezoelectric transduction unit respectively symmetrically, and the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between described groove.
4. according to claim 2ly exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described fixture is U-shaped fixture, the relative inner surface of two jig arm of described fixture is provided with groove for clamping described Each piezoelectric transduction unit respectively symmetrically, and the axial dimension of described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is greater than the distance between described groove.
5. according to any one of aforementioned Claims 1-4, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is bi-morph piezo-electric energy transducer, single-chip piezoelectric energy-conversion device, stacked piezoelectric energy transducer, V-arrangement curved piezoelectric energy-conversion device.
6. according to any one of aforementioned Claims 1-4, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described Each piezoelectric transduction unit is the compound magnetoelectric energy transducer be made up of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material.
7. according to any one of aforementioned Claims 1-4, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described transmission unit comprises the electrode cable being connected to described Each piezoelectric transduction unit.
8. according to any one of aforementioned Claims 1-4, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described fixture clamps described Each piezoelectric transduction unit with fixed-end boundary condition or simple boundary condition.
9. according to any one of aforementioned Claims 1-4, exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described piezoelectric is organic piezoelectric materials, piezoceramic material, monocrystalline piezoelectric material or leadless piezoelectric material material.
10. according to claim 6ly exempt from magnet bistable state PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is characterized in that, described magnetostrictive material are terbium dysprosium ferrum magnetostrictive material or metal glass magnetostrictive material.
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| CN103628381A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Power generation floor based on piezoelectric material |
| CN103956936A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-07-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Piezoelectric bi-stable-state energy collector |
| CN104079207B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of piezoelectric generating device and method of catching vertical direction wave energy |
| CN104079208B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of in low speed water impact lower piezoelectric Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and method |
| CN104218847B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Detecting method of piezoelectric energy trapping based on external forced vibration |
| CN105915114B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-05-01 | 太原市一正泰输配电设备制造有限公司 | A kind of energy collecting device and control system and control method based on piezo-electric generating |
| CN106972782B (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2023-04-25 | 吉林大学 | Piezoelectric beam and capacitance combined bidirectional energy collector with bistable characteristic |
| CN106953545B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2019-06-04 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of board-like piezoelectric energy collecting device of bistable state diagonally compressed |
| CN107389143B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江师范大学 | Tap water meter |
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