CN101764532B - Piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector - Google Patents
Piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN101764532B CN101764532B CN2010103009866A CN201010300986A CN101764532B CN 101764532 B CN101764532 B CN 101764532B CN 2010103009866 A CN2010103009866 A CN 2010103009866A CN 201010300986 A CN201010300986 A CN 201010300986A CN 101764532 B CN101764532 B CN 101764532B
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Abstract
The invention provides a piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector, belonging to the technical field of energy. The collector comprises a frame, a bistable beam, a cantilever beam and a permanent magnet, wherein two ends of the bistable beam are fixed on the frame; the permanent magnet is attached on the bistable beam; one end of the cantilever beam is fixed on the frame, and the other end thereof is arranged by means of suspension; and a positive wire magnetostrictive layer, a piezoelectric layer and a negative wire magnetostrictive layer are connected with each other in sequence. The collector adopts a bistable structure, realizes the conversation of magnetism, machine and electricity with the product characteristic of the magnetostrictive effect of a piezomagnetic phase and the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric phase in composite material, and leads an MEMS energy conversation component to be capable of obtaining a lager output power under the environment of low-frequency vibration. The collector not only has simple structure, easy manufacture and small volume, but also can run in the low-frequency environment, and can output larger stable power within the range of wider environment vibration frequency.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device of energy technology field, in particular a kind of piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector.
Background technology
In recent years; Along with wireless telecommunications and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) (Micro-Flectro-Mechanical Systems MEMS) continuous advancement in technology; Make microsystem ranges of application such as microelectronic device and microsensor constantly enlarge, be widely used in fields such as civilian, medical science, military affairs.Because these equipment are of portable form, it must be self-powered, and the performance of power supply and quality are the key points of present most of MEMS technical application.Traditional electrochemical powered battery mode exist the life-span short, need often to change and shortcoming such as storage power is limited, and change the cell process complicacy under certain conditions, cost is very high or not possibly realize changing.At present, ambient vibration energy acquisition technology is one of effective ways that overcome the above problems.
Energy-collecting method based on vibration generally has three kinds: piezoelectric type, electrostatic and electromagnetic type.With respect to static and electromagnetic type, that piezoelectric energy collector has is simple in structure, energy density is high and the life-span is long, can with advantages such as MEMS processing technology compatibility.Therefore, utilize piezoelectric to obtain ambient vibration and realize that generating becomes the people's attention focus recently.
The MEMS piezoelectric type vibrational energy collector of present fully-integrated manufacturing; Also be difficult to satisfy the low energy-consumption electronic device demands of applications: on the one hand, because small its natural frequency of size is higher, usually far above the ambient vibration frequency; The natural environment vibration frequency is generally less than in the 1000Hz scope; And mainly concentrate in the scope less than 100Hz, therefore, present MEMS energy acquisition technology also can't be effectively under low frequency environments (less than 100Hz) carry out energy acquisition; On the other hand; The electric energy power density that is obtained is also less, and depends on the external environment condition vibration frequency, when the system frequency of piezoelectric energy collector and external vibration frequency are complementary when producing resonance; With Maximum Power Output; But when the system frequency of piezoelectric energy collector departs from the external vibration frequency, the power of output will reduce.
Retrieval through to the prior art document is found; Document number: IEEE:Transactions on Ultrasonics; Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control (IEEE periodical: ultrasonic, ferroelectric and FREQUENCY CONTROL); 55 (2008) 2104 ~ 2108; Huan Xue; People such as Yuantai Hu disclose a kind of Broadband piezoelectric energyharvesting devices using multiple bimorphs with different operating frequencies (utilizing the broadband piezoelectric energy collector of a plurality of different frequency twin lamellas), and this technology adopts the twin lamella piezoelectric cantilever of a plurality of different natural frequencies to form array through the serial or parallel connection mode and realizes wideer equivalent frequency band.But, increased the physical dimension of piezoelectric energy collector so on the one hand, and made the manufacture process of cantilever beam become complicated.
Further retrieval is found; U.S. Patent number: US6984902; This technology discloses a kind of high efficiency vibration energy collector based on the piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive laminated composite materials, utilizes in the composite material product characteristic of the piezoelectric effect of the magnetostrictive effect of pressing the magnetic phase and piezoelectric phase to realize magnetic, machine and electric conversion, though this technology can obtain bigger power output; But unresolved wideband problem, and the big practicality of device is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art; A kind of piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector is proposed; Make inverting element under the low-frequency vibration environment, obtain bigger power output, with problem such as solve that traditional M EMS piezoelectric energy collector working band is narrow, natural frequency is high and power output is low.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme; The present invention includes: framework, bistable state beam, cantilever beam and permanent magnet, wherein: the two ends of bistable state beam are fixed on the framework, and permanent magnet is attached on the bistable state beam; One end of cantilever beam is fixed on the framework, the unsettled setting of the other end.
Described cantilever beam comprises: main track magnetostrictive layer, piezoelectric layer and negative wire magnetostrictive layer, wherein: main track magnetostrictive layer, piezoelectric layer and negative wire magnetostrictive layer link to each other successively.
The polarised direction of described piezoelectric layer is its thickness direction.
The thickness of described main track mangneto and negative wire magnetostrictive layer is 1 ~ 10 μ m.
Described bistable state beam deflection is arranged in the framework and framework is fixed at two ends.
Described bistable state beam is that micro girder construction is processed.
The pole orientation of described permanent magnet is consistent with cantilever beam length direction.
The present invention adopts bistable structure, and utilizes in the composite material product characteristic of the piezoelectric effect of the magnetostrictive effect of pressing the magnetic phase and piezoelectric phase to realize the conversion of magnetic, machine and electricity, and the MEMS inverting element is obtained under the low-frequency vibration environment than power output greatly.Compare with existing MEMS piezoelectric energy collector, it is not only simple in structure, makes easily, and volume reduces, and it can run in the low frequency environments, and can in the ambient vibration frequency range of broad, export stable power greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the crooked sketch map of cantilever beam under the action of a magnetic field among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is bistable state beam and two the stable position sketch mapes of permanent magnet among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment being to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1; Present embodiment comprises: framework 1, cantilever beam 2, permanent magnet 3 and bistable state beam 4; Wherein: 4 bendings of bistable state beam are arranged in the framework 1, and two ends are fixed on the framework 1, and permanent magnet 3 is attached to the lower surface of bistable state beam 4; One end of cantilever beam 2 is fixed on the framework 1, the unsettled setting of the other end.
As shown in Figure 2, cantilever beam 2 comprises: main track magnetostrictive layer 5, piezoelectric layer 6 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7, wherein: main track magnetostrictive layer 5, piezoelectric layer 6 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 link to each other successively.The upper surface of piezoelectric layer 6 is provided with one deck main track magnetostrictive layer 5, and present embodiment is selected the TbFe film for use, and the lower surface of piezoelectric layer 6 is provided with one deck negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7, and present embodiment is selected the SmFe film for use.Positive negative wire magnetostrictive layer is connected in series, and the polarised direction of piezoelectric layer 6 is its thickness direction.
The pole orientation of permanent magnet 3 is the length direction of cantilever beam 2, and the horizontal length direction of magnetic direction H and cantilever beam 2 that puts on positive negative wire magnetostrictive layer is consistent.
Present embodiment bistable state beam 4 is to be processed by micro girder construction; The length of micro girder construction is longer than the width of framework 1 internal pore, and micro girder construction is horizontal positioned in framework 1, and its two ends and framework 1 inner solid propping up together; Micro girder construction generation flexing under responsive to axial force constitutes bistable state beam 4.
As shown in Figure 3, the bistable state beam 4 structure lengths width more inner than framework 1 is long, receives generation flexing responsive to axial force under in framework 1 inside, and the stable equilibrium is positioned over framework 1 inside, is first stable position A of bistable state beam 4 at this moment.When ambient vibration acted on extraneous cross force on the bistable state beam 4 and increases to certain value, bistable state beam 4 moved downward another state that is stabilized in, and be second stable position B of bistable state beam 4 this moment.
The operation principle of present embodiment is: when being positioned over this device in the ambient vibration, under certain vibration acceleration condition, bistable state beam 4 can switch between the first stable position A and the second stable position B each other.When bistable state beam 4 when the first stable position A transfers the second stable position B to; Permanent magnet 3 on the bistable state beam 4 and the distance between the cantilever beam 2 will reduce; The magnetic field that acts on main track magnetostrictive layer 5 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 increases; Under the effect in magnetic field, main track magnetostrictive layer 5 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 are in cantilever beam 2 elongated lengthwise or shortening, and two-layer up and down elongation is shortened process always to carry out on the contrary synchronously; Be 5 elongations of main track magnetostrictive layer, negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 shortens because of magnetostriction property mutually on the contrary.The length variations of main track magnetostrictive layer 5 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 makes the not stiff end of cantilever beam 2 just crooked downward or upward, and shown in Figure 2 is cantilever beam 2 downwarping sketch map under the action of a magnetic field.Subsequently, because the vibration of external environment, bistable state beam 4 will switch to first stable position A from second stable position B; At this moment, the distance that permanent magnet 3 and cantilever beam are 2 increases, and the magnetic field intensity that permanent magnet 3 acts on main track magnetostrictive layer 5 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 weakens; Characteristic according to giant magnetostrictive material; At this moment, main track magnetostrictive layer 5 will change with 7 elongations of negative wire magnetostrictive layer and shortening state, and promptly original elongation will shorten; That originally shortens will extend, and this will make cantilever beam 2 return to initial position.When bistable state beam 4 switched to the second stable position B again, the magnetic field that permanent magnet 3 puts on main track magnetostrictive layer 5 and negative wire magnetostrictive layer 7 strengthened again, causes cantilever beam 2 bendings but at a time.Therefore, as long as the extraneous vibration acceleration enough provides bistable state beam 4 stable states conversions required critical force, cantilever beam 2 just can obtain enough bendings, and with the ambient vibration frequency-independent in the external world, thereby realized the bigger power output of acquisition under the low frequency environments.
In the present embodiment: at first permanent magnet 3 is adhered to the centre position of bistable state beam 4, make bistable state beam 4 be in first stable position; Secondly bistable state beam 4 is applied the axis prestressing force greater than straight beam flexing critical force, flexing bistable state beam 4 two ends are fixed on the energy collecting device framework 1; Make an end of cantilever beam 2 prop up on energy collecting device framework 1 the unsettled setting of the other end admittedly then.
As shown in table 1, it is as shown in the table for the used size of the application request of present embodiment.
| Whole energy collecting device size (mm 2) | Bistable state beam size (long * wide * thick) (mm 3 ) | The sagitta of bistable state beam (during stable state) (mm) | Bistable state beam and cantilever beam spacing (mm) | Permanent magnetic iron block size (long * thick) (mm 2) | The piezoelectric layer of cantilever beam (mm) | Positive negative wire magnetostrictive layer (mm) |
| 1×1 | 1×0.04× 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.3×0.03 | 0.02 | 0.003 |
Table 11 * 1mm
2One group of design parameter of size energy collecting device
The present embodiment piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector can be exported stable power in the work frequency domain of a broad; Compare with existing correlation technique, output power density can both improve more than the one magnitude in its working band and unit interval.
Claims (6)
1. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector; Comprise: framework, bistable state beam, cantilever beam and permanent magnet; Wherein: the two ends of bistable state beam are fixed on the framework; Permanent magnet is attached on the bistable state beam, and an end of cantilever beam is fixed on the framework, the unsettled setting of the other end; It is characterized in that: described cantilever beam comprises: main track magnetostrictive layer, piezoelectric layer and negative wire magnetostrictive layer, wherein: main track magnetostrictive layer, piezoelectric layer and negative wire magnetostrictive layer link to each other successively.
2. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the polarised direction of described piezoelectric layer is its thickness direction.
3. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described main track mangneto and negative wire magnetostrictive layer is 1～10 μ m.
4. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bistable state beam deflection is arranged in the framework and framework is fixed at two ends.
5. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bistable state beam is that micro girder construction is processed.
6. piezoelectric giant magnetostrictive combined wideband vibration energy collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the pole orientation of described permanent magnet is consistent with cantilever beam length direction.
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| CN102223107B (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-05-15 | 重庆大学 | System for collecting wide-band low-frequency micro piezoelectric vibration energy |
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| CN114307768B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Thermoelectric coupling flexible oscillator and driving method thereof |
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