CN108832844B - Bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on piezoelectric element - Google Patents
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The invention discloses a bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on a piezoelectric element, which comprises: a plurality of road modules, circuit modules and energy storage modules; the circuit modules are electrically connected with the energy storage modules; the road module includes: the device comprises a stress layer, an elastic layer, a supporting unit, a vertical vibration energy collecting unit and a horizontal vibration energy collecting unit. According to the energy collecting system, the vertical vibration energy collecting unit and the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit are arranged, so that energy in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction generated in a road can be effectively collected at the same time, and the energy collecting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on a piezoelectric element, and belongs to the field of generating electric energy by utilizing a piezoelectric effect.
Background
With the continuous increase of energy consumption and the increasing concentration of energy resource distribution, the competition for energy resources will be more and more intense, and the competition mode is more complex. At the same time, the pollution of fossil energy sources to the environment and the global climate will become increasingly severe. In face of energy challenges, only by adjusting the national energy structure, new energy and renewable energy are greatly developed, the recycling of the existing energy is emphasized, the energy supply safety of China can be ensured, the strategic development of emerging industries is promoted, and the coordinated development and sustainable development of energy, economy, society and environment are realized. At present, the increasing growth of traffic flow networks, how to collect and utilize the energy dissipated by automobiles, bicycles, pedestrians and the like in road traffic, has become a new breakthrough point for energy recycling, and is increasingly valued by scientists in various countries.
The method for collecting road energy commonly used at present is based on piezoelectric effect, and the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials is utilized to convert mechanical energy generated by impact and vibration into electric energy through a piezoelectric vibrator, so that the output power can meet the use requirement. The road energy collecting device has a series of advantages, such as high energy density, capability of directly generating proper voltage, no need of applying initial voltage, unlimited structural design, no electromagnetic interference, etc. Based on these advantages, the technology is rapidly developed. The feasibility and the transduction efficiency of the asphalt pavement energy collection technology based on the piezoelectric effect are researched in the key laboratory of the road and traffic engineering education department of the university of the same, and the feasibility of the piezoelectric pavement energy collection technical scheme is verified through experiments. A company in israel announced in 2008 that a road surface energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric transducers was developed. The common feature of these energy harvesting systems is that road vibrations in the vertical direction are harvested by piezoelectric elements placed under the road surface and converted into electrical energy for use. However, vibration energy in other directions existing on the road, for example, vibration energy in the horizontal direction cannot be effectively utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on the piezoelectric element is provided, vibration generated in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in a road can be collected effectively at the same time, the vibration is converted into electric energy to be utilized, the collecting efficiency of the vibration energy is improved, and the bidirectional vibration energy collecting system has important significance for energy conservation, emission reduction and green energy utilization.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on a piezoelectric element, which comprises: a plurality of road modules, circuit modules and energy storage modules; the circuit modules are electrically connected with the energy storage modules; the road module includes: the device comprises a stress layer, an elastic layer, a supporting unit, a vertical vibration energy collecting unit and a horizontal vibration energy collecting unit; the bottom surface of the stress layer is connected with the top surface of the elastic layer, the bottom surface of the elastic layer is respectively connected with the top surface of the supporting unit and the top surface of the vertical vibration energy collecting unit, the supporting unit and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit are arranged on the bottom surface of the elastic layer in a staggered mode at intervals, and the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit is connected between the supporting unit and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit; wherein, a vertical piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the vertical direction is arranged in the vertical vibration energy collecting unit; meanwhile, a horizontal piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the horizontal direction is arranged in the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit; the vertical piezoelectric element and the horizontal piezoelectric element are electrically connected with the circuit module.
Further, the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit is disposed between the support unit and the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit; one end of the vertical vibration energy collecting unit is connected with one of the supporting unit and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit through a first connecting arm, and the other end of the vertical vibration energy collecting unit is connected with the other of the supporting unit and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit through a second connecting arm; the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit includes: a first side wall connected to the first connecting arm, a second side wall connected to the second connecting arm, a top connected to top ends of the first side wall and the second side wall, respectively, and a bottom connected to bottom ends of the first side wall and the second side wall, respectively; the first side wall, the second side wall, the top and the bottom are connected to form a frame structure, and a first cavity is formed inside the frame structure; the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit further comprises: the first elastic connecting piece is connected with the first side wall and positioned in the first cavity, and the free end of the first elastic connecting piece, which is far away from the first side wall, is connected with a first vibrator; the second elastic connecting piece is connected with the second side wall and positioned in the first cavity, and the free end of the second elastic connecting piece, which is far away from the second side wall, is connected with a second vibrator; the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit further comprises: and a horizontal piezoelectric element positioned between the first vibrator and the second vibrator for collecting vibration energy in a horizontal direction.
Further, the horizontal piezoelectric element includes: the piezoelectric ceramic piece is positioned at the central axis of the first cavity, and the metal caps are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the piezoelectric ceramic piece; the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with the top, and the lower end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with the bottom; the upper end and the lower end of the metal cap are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece, and a convex part protruding towards the direction far away from the piezoelectric ceramic piece is formed in the middle of the metal cap.
Further, the top forms a convex profile towards the first cavity, the convex profile being symmetrical about a central axis of the first cavity; the first vibrator and the second vibrator vibrate horizontally in a reciprocating manner in the first cavity, contact with the convex profiles respectively at the limit positions close to the central axis, and simultaneously respectively form pressure on the convex parts in the middle of the metal cap.
Further, the first vibrator and the second vibrator are both spherical.
Further, a hollow second cavity is formed inside the vertical vibration energy collecting unit, and the vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the second cavity; the vertical piezoelectric element is arc-shaped, the top end of the arc is in contact with the top wall of the second cavity, one end of the arc is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second cavity, and the other end of the arc is movably propped against the bottom of the second cavity; the vertical piezoelectric element is composed of three layers, namely an aluminum alloy material layer, a piezoelectric ceramic material layer and a stainless steel material layer from top to bottom.
Further, as a modification manner, a hollow third cavity is formed inside the vertical vibration energy collecting unit, and the vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the third cavity; the vertical piezoelectric element is of a cantilever structure, one end of the vertical piezoelectric element is fixed on the side wall of the third cavity, and the other end of the vertical piezoelectric element is a free end; a downward bulge part is downwards arranged from the top of the third cavity and is abutted with the free end of the vertical piezoelectric element; the vertical piezoelectric element consists of two layers, namely a piezoelectric ceramic material layer and an elastic material layer from top to bottom in sequence; a spring is disposed between the vertical piezoelectric element and the bottom of the third cavity.
Further, a road marking composed of an electroluminescent element is embedded in the upper surface of the road module, and the road marking is electrically connected with the energy storage module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the energy collection system is composed of a plurality of road modules, the road modules can be flexibly assembled and spliced according to actual needs, the application universality and flexibility of the system are improved, and the energy collection system has the advantages of convenience in laying and wide application range.
2. According to the energy collecting system, the vertical vibration energy collecting unit and the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit are arranged, so that vibration energy in the vertical direction and vibration energy in the horizontal direction generated in a road can be collected effectively at the same time, and the energy collecting efficiency is improved.
3. According to the invention, the vertical vibration energy collecting unit and the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit are both of novel and original structural designs, so that the service life of the piezoelectric element can be effectively prolonged, the reliability of the system is improved, and the application cost of the system is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of a bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric elements according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a road module of a bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on a piezoelectric element according to the present invention, schematically showing a support unit, a vertical vibration energy collecting unit and a horizontal vibration energy collecting unit at the bottom of the road module.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of fig. 2, schematically showing the support unit, the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit, and the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a vertical vibration energy harvesting unit according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of yet another embodiment of a vertical vibration energy harvesting unit according to the invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a road module according to the present invention, schematically illustrating a pavement marking.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the examples and drawings, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the bidirectional vibration energy harvesting system based on a piezoelectric element of the present invention includes: a plurality of road modules 100, circuit modules, and energy storage modules; the plurality of road modules 100 are electrically connected with the circuit module, and the circuit module is electrically connected with the energy storage module. The shape of the road module 100 of the present invention may be square, rectangular, parallelogram, diamond, hexagonal, and irregular geometric shapes, etc. In practical application, the road modules 100 of the invention determine the required quantity according to the paved area, and each road module 100 is connected and paved with each other, and is assembled and spliced flexibly according to practical needs, thereby improving the application universality and flexibility of the system, and further having the advantages of convenient paving and wide application range.
Each road module 100 is provided with a vertical piezoelectric element and a horizontal piezoelectric element, and the vertical piezoelectric element and the horizontal piezoelectric element are electrically connected with the circuit module, so that vibration energy in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction generated in the road can be effectively collected at the same time, and the vibration energy is conveyed to the energy storage module through the circuit module and stored for use by the electric element.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a view from the bottom surface of the road module 100, and fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the road module 100 comprises, in order from top to bottom: a stress layer 101, an elastic layer 102, a support unit 103, a vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104, and a horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105. Wherein, the bottom surface of atress layer 101 is connected with the top surface of elastic layer 102, and the bottom surface of elastic layer 102 is connected with the top surface of supporting element 103 and the top surface of vertical vibration energy collection element 104 respectively. As can be seen from fig. 2, the supporting units 103 and the vertical vibration energy collecting units 104 are alternately arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the elastic layer 102, and the horizontal vibration energy collecting units 105 are connected between the supporting units 103 and the vertical vibration energy collecting units 104. Wherein a vertical piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the vertical direction is provided in the vertical vibration energy collecting unit 104; meanwhile, a horizontal piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the horizontal direction is provided in the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit 105; the vertical piezoelectric element and the horizontal piezoelectric element are electrically connected with the circuit module. Note that in fig. 2 and 3, the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 and the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 are only schematically shown, and their structures will be described in detail later.
In the road module 100, the stress layer 101 is made of a material having a certain hardness and strength, capable of withstanding a certain pressure, and suitable for use as a road surface. The material of the stress layer 101 is not particularly limited, and various materials for paving a road or manufacturing a pavement brick can be used in the construction of roads and sidewalks at present. The elastic layer 102 may be made of rubber, foam material, or other materials with a certain elasticity, so as to provide a certain elasticity to the whole road module 100, and improve the comfort of pedestrians walking or running on the road module 100, which is particularly advantageous in the application of paving a pavement or running track by adopting the road module 100 of the present invention. Similarly, the supporting unit 103 is also preferably made of rubber, foam material and other materials with certain elasticity, so that the overall elasticity of the road module 100 is improved, and meanwhile, vibration caused by vehicles or pedestrians passing through the road module 100 is generated in the road module 100, so that the energy collection and utilization efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, one particular configuration of the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 of the present invention is shown. The horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 is disposed between two adjacent support units 103 and the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104. Wherein the left end is connected to the vertical vibration energy collecting unit 104 through a first connection arm 201, and the right end is connected to the supporting unit 103 through a second connection arm 202. Wherein the first and second connection arms 201 and 202 may be made of a material having a certain elasticity, while the first and second connection arms 201 and 202 should also have a certain strength and rigidity to sufficiently support the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 therebetween.
Referring to fig. 4, the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 includes: a first side wall 203 connected to the first connection arm 201, a second side wall 204 connected to the second connection arm 202, a top 205 connected to the top ends of the first side wall 203 and the second side wall 204, respectively, and a bottom 206 connected to the bottom ends of the first side wall 203 and the second side wall 204, respectively; the first sidewall 203, the second sidewall 204, the top 205, and the bottom 206 are connected to form a frame structure, and a first cavity C is formed inside the frame structure. The horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 further includes: a first elastic connection member 207 connected to the first sidewall 203 and located inside the first cavity C, and a first vibrator 209 is connected to a free end (right end of the first elastic connection member 207 in fig. 4) of the first elastic connection member 207, which is far away from the first sidewall 203; and a second elastic connection member 208 connected to the second sidewall 204 and located inside the first cavity C, and a second vibrator 210 connected to a free end (left end of the second elastic connection member 208 in fig. 4) of the second elastic connection member 208, which is far from the second sidewall 204. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the elastic connection members 207 and 208 are springs, and the vibrators 209 and 210 are rigid spheres having a certain mass, for example, stainless steel balls, copper balls, or the like. The vibrators 209 and 210 are equal in size and mass, and vibrate back and forth in the horizontal direction under the traction of the springs 207 and 208 on the bottom 206 by sensing vibration transmitted from the road surface.
The horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit 105 further includes: a horizontal piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the horizontal direction, which is located between the first vibrator 209 and the second vibrator 210. The horizontal piezoelectric element includes: a piezoelectric ceramic piece 211 positioned at the central axis A1 of the first cavity C, and metal caps 212 and 213 respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 211; wherein, the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 211 is connected with the top 205, and the lower end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 211 is connected with the bottom 206; the upper and lower ends of the metal caps 212 and 213 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 211, and the middle of the metal caps 212 and 213 is formed with a convex portion protruding in a direction away from the piezoelectric ceramic plate 211, so that the middle portions of the metal caps 212 and 213 in the longitudinal direction are separated from the piezoelectric ceramic plate 211, constituting a cap-like structure. When the vibrators 209 and 210 are moved to extreme positions near the central axis A1 of the first cavity C, the vibrators 209 and 210 are in contact with the metal caps 212 and 213, respectively, and a certain pressure is formed on the metal caps 212 and 213. Thus, when the vibrators 209 and 210 vibrate back and forth on the bottom 206, a pressure is applied to the horizontal piezoelectric element, thereby generating a current in the horizontal piezoelectric element, which is transmitted to the circuit module through a wire (not shown in fig. 4) connected to the piezoelectric ceramic plate 211.
In the present invention, in order to limit the pressure of the vibrators 209 and 210 against the metal caps 212 and 213, to avoid damage to the horizontal piezoelectric element caused by excessive impact force of the vibrators 209 and 210 against the metal caps 212 and 213, a special design is made for the structure of the top 205 of the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit 105. Wherein the top 205 forms a convex profile towards the first cavity C, the convex profile 2051 of the left half and the convex profile 2052 of the right half being symmetrical with respect to the central axis A1 of the first cavity C; the first vibrator 209 and the second vibrator 210 are respectively in contact with the convex profiles 2051 and 2052 at extreme positions near the central axis A1 while horizontally reciprocating in the first chamber C, and simultaneously, respectively, form a certain pressure to the convex portions in the middle of the metal caps 212 and 213. Due to the presence of the convex profiles 2051 and 2052, the first cavity C is formed in a cross-sectional shape with both ends large and the middle small, and a restriction is made to the movement of the vibrators 209 and 210 to the central axis A1 of the first cavity C, whereby the pressures of the vibrators 209 and 210 to the metal caps 212 and 213 are restricted. In the present invention, the dimensions of the sphere vibrators 209 and 210 and the convex profiles 2051 and 2052 are cooperatively designed so that when the vibrators 209 and 210 are moved to extreme positions near the central axis A1 of the first cavity C, respectively, a certain pressure can be formed on the metal caps 212 and 213, which is sufficient to generate a current in the horizontal piezoelectric element without damaging the horizontal piezoelectric element, thereby protecting the horizontal piezoelectric element and prolonging the service life of the horizontal piezoelectric element. In conjunction with this, when the vibrators 209 and 210 are moved to extreme positions near the center axis A1 of the first chamber C, respectively, the springs 207 and 208 are also substantially in a naturally stretched state.
Fig. 5 shows a specific structure of one embodiment of the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 according to the present disclosure. Wherein the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 is substantially comprised of an elastomeric material forming a peripheral housing, and a hollow second cavity 300 is formed therein. A vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the second cavity 300, the vertical piezoelectric element is arc-shaped, the top end of the arc is in contact with the top wall of the second cavity 300, one end 304 of the arc is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second cavity 300, and the other end of the arc is movably abutted against the bottom of the second cavity 300. The vertical piezoelectric element is composed of three layers, namely an aluminum alloy material layer 301, a piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 and a stainless steel material layer 303 from top to bottom. According to the invention, the aluminum alloy material layer 301 and the stainless steel material layer 303 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 of the vertical piezoelectric element, so that the tolerance of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 to repeated impact force or sudden large impact force is improved to a certain extent on the premise of ensuring the induction vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 and generating current, the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 is protected, and the service life of the piezoelectric ceramic material layer 302 is prolonged. When the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 is vibrated by pressure from the road surface, the vibration is conducted to the vertical piezoelectric element through the ceiling wall of the second cavity 300, thereby generating vibration therein, and accordingly generating current, which is transmitted to the circuit module through the wires (not shown in fig. 5) connected to the piezoceramic material layer 302.
Fig. 6 shows a specific structure of still another embodiment of the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 according to the present invention. Wherein the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 is substantially comprised of an elastomeric material forming a peripheral housing, with a hollow third cavity 400 formed therein. A vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the third cavity 400, the vertical piezoelectric element is of a cantilever structure, one end of the vertical piezoelectric element is fixed on the side wall of the third cavity 400, and the other end of the vertical piezoelectric element is a free end; a downward boss 401 is provided downward from the top of the third cavity 400, and the downward boss 401 abuts against the free end of the vertical piezoelectric element. The vertical piezoelectric element is composed of two layers, namely a piezoelectric ceramic material layer 402 and an elastic material layer 403 from top to bottom in sequence; a spring 404 is provided between the vertical piezoelectric element and the bottom of the third chamber 400. The natural extension length of the spring 404 is the same as the installation height of the vertical piezoelectric element in the third cavity 400. When the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit 104 is vibrated by pressure from the road surface, the vibration is conducted to the vertical piezoelectric element through the downward protrusions 401, thereby generating vibration therein, and accordingly, a current is generated, which is transmitted to the circuit module through wires (not shown in fig. 6) connected to the piezoceramic material layer 402. Due to the presence of the spring 404, when the vertical piezoelectric element is subjected to pressure to generate downward bending, the spring 404 is compressed, so that a force for lifting the vertical piezoelectric element upwards is generated, and excessive downward pressure on the vertical piezoelectric element is avoided, and excessive deformation is generated, so that the vertical piezoelectric element is damaged.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a road module according to the present invention, schematically illustrating a pavement marking. In practice, the pavement marker 500 made of an electroluminescent element is embedded in the upper surface of the road module 100, and the pavement marker 500 is electrically connected to the energy storage module. Thus, the electric energy stored in the energy storage module can be transmitted to the pavement marker 500 as required, so that the pavement marker 500 capable of emitting light is formed at night, and a striking prompt effect is achieved for vehicles, pedestrians and the like. In fig. 7, an arrow-shaped pavement marking is shown, but of course, the pavement marking may be, for example, a crosswalk, a stop line, a lane, a number, etc.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A piezoelectric element based bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system comprising:
a plurality of road modules (100), circuit modules and energy storage modules; the circuit modules (100) are electrically connected with the energy storage modules;
the road module (100) comprises: the device comprises a stress layer (101), an elastic layer (102), a supporting unit (103), a vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104) and a horizontal vibration energy collecting unit (105); the bottom surface of the stress layer (101) is connected with the top surface of the elastic layer (102), the bottom surface of the elastic layer (102) is respectively connected with the top surface of the supporting unit (103) and the top surface of the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104), the supporting unit (103) and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104) are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the elastic layer (102), and the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit (105) is connected between the supporting unit (103) and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104);
wherein a vertical piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the vertical direction is arranged in the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104); meanwhile, a horizontal piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in the horizontal direction is arranged in the horizontal vibration energy collecting unit (105); the vertical piezoelectric element and the horizontal piezoelectric element are electrically connected with the circuit module;
the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit (105) is arranged between the support unit (103) and the vertical vibration energy harvesting unit (104); wherein one end is connected with one of the supporting unit (103) and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104) through a first connecting arm (201), and the other end is connected with the other of the supporting unit (103) and the vertical vibration energy collecting unit (104) through a second connecting arm (202);
the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit (105) comprises: a first side wall (203) connected to the first connecting arm (201), a second side wall (204) connected to the second connecting arm (202), a top (205) connected to the top ends of the first side wall (203) and the second side wall (204), respectively, and a bottom (206) connected to the bottom ends of the first side wall (203) and the second side wall (204), respectively; the first side wall (203), the second side wall (204), the top (205) and the bottom (206) are connected to form a frame structure, and a first cavity (C) is formed inside the frame structure;
the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit (105) further comprises: a first elastic connecting piece (207) connected with the first side wall (203) and positioned in the first cavity (C), and a first vibrator (209) is connected to the free end of the first elastic connecting piece (207) away from the first side wall (203); and a second elastic connection piece (208) connected with the second side wall (204) and positioned in the first cavity (C), wherein a second vibrator (210) is connected to the free end of the second elastic connection piece (208) away from the second side wall (204);
the horizontal vibration energy harvesting unit (105) further comprises: a horizontal piezoelectric element for collecting vibration energy in a horizontal direction, which is located between the first vibrator (209) and the second vibrator (210);
the horizontal piezoelectric element includes: a piezoelectric ceramic plate (211) positioned at the central axis (A1) of the first cavity (C) and metal caps (212, 213) respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the piezoelectric ceramic plate (211); wherein the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece (211) is connected with the top (205), and the lower end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece (211) is connected with the bottom (206); the upper end and the lower end of the metal caps (212, 213) are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the piezoelectric ceramic piece (211), and a convex part protruding in a direction away from the piezoelectric ceramic piece (211) is formed in the middle of the metal caps (212, 213);
-the top (205) forms a convex profile towards the first cavity (C), the convex profile (2051, 2052) being symmetrical with respect to a central axis (A1) of the first cavity (C); the first vibrator (209) and the second vibrator (210) vibrate horizontally in a reciprocating manner in the first cavity (C), respectively contact with the convex profiles (2051, 2052) at the extreme positions near the central axis (A1), and respectively form pressure on the convex parts in the middle of the metal caps (212, 213); the elastic layer (102) and the supporting unit (103) are made of rubber or foaming materials.
2. The piezoelectric element-based bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein:
the first vibrator (209) and the second vibrator (210) are both spherical.
3. The piezoelectric element-based bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein:
a hollow second cavity (300) is formed inside the vertical vibration energy collection unit (104), and the vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the second cavity (300); the vertical piezoelectric element is arc-shaped, the top end of the arc is in contact with the top wall of the second cavity (300), one end (304) of the arc is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second cavity (300), and the other end of the arc is movably propped against the bottom of the second cavity (300); the vertical piezoelectric element is composed of three layers, namely an aluminum alloy material layer (301), a piezoelectric ceramic material layer (302) and a stainless steel material layer (303) from top to bottom.
4. The piezoelectric element-based bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein:
a hollow third cavity (400) is formed inside the vertical vibration energy collection unit (104), and the vertical piezoelectric element is arranged in the third cavity (400); the vertical piezoelectric element is of a cantilever structure, one end of the vertical piezoelectric element is fixed on the side wall of the third cavity (400), and the other end of the vertical piezoelectric element is a free end; a downward bulge (401) is downwards arranged from the top of the third cavity (400), and the downward bulge (401) is abutted with the free end of the vertical piezoelectric element; the vertical piezoelectric element consists of two layers, namely a piezoelectric ceramic material layer (402) and an elastic material layer (403) from top to bottom in sequence; a spring (404) is disposed between the vertical piezoelectric element and the bottom of the third cavity (400).
5. The piezoelectric element-based bi-directional vibration energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein:
a pavement marker (500) made of an electroluminescent element is embedded in the upper surface of the road module (100), and the pavement marker (500) is electrically connected with the energy storage module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810894177.9A CN108832844B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Bidirectional vibration energy collecting system based on piezoelectric element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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