A kind of Apparatus and method for that is used for the solid refuse classification
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sorting device and method, especially a kind of Apparatus and method for that is used for the solid refuse classification.
Background technology
Continuous deterioration along with world environments; Each country more and more payes attention to environmental protection, and is also increasingly high for the requirement of building castoff treatment classification, to the trend development of zero-emission and recycle; So just need to separate more accurately way and separation equipment; And building castoff processing recycling does not also form scale, and screening installation is also very rare, can only take manual sorting's mode for the foreign material in the discarded object (such as wood, plastics, the scraps of paper etc.) majority; The efficiency of separation is very low, and can grow a lot of bacteriums in the rubbish and be detrimental to health.Material structure to building castoff utilizes it as regrown material, is a kind of effective means that building castoff is recycled.The resource recycling of building castoff will be occupied critical role in China's recycling economy development; In order economically, efficiently, environmental protection to handle building castoff; Promoting China's building castoff resource industry goes on benign cycle, goes on scale; Key is technological innovation, develops the building castoff regenerative use technology of high added value, quickens building castoff separation equipment research and development process.At present, also there is not better solution.
Summary of the invention
Technical assignment of the present invention is to above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art a kind of Apparatus and method for that is used for the solid refuse classification to be provided; This a kind of Apparatus and method for that is used for the solid refuse classification has have been avoided adopting manual sorting's mode that solid refuse is carried out sorting; Bacterium in the rubbish can not be detrimental to health; Adopt the solid refuse sorting device to utilize density, particle diameter and the shape of solid waste to carry out sorting; Can accurately and efficiently heavier feeds be separated with light material, improve the efficiency of separation of solid refuse, and have the characteristics of environmental protection and energy saving.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of equipment that is used for the solid refuse classification; It comprises air separation units and sieve unit; Described air separation units comprises feeding mechanism, air compartment and circulation line; Described feeding mechanism comprises feed belt machine and harmonious material device, and described harmonious material device is arranged on the top of feed belt machine, and described feed belt machine is connected with charging aperture on the air compartment; Described circulation line comprises return air duct, deduster, wind-supplying mouth and blower fan; Described deduster, wind-supplying mouth and blower fan are successively set on the return air duct, and the two ends of described return air duct link to each other with air compartment respectively, and the top of the described air compartment that links to each other with return air duct is provided with return air inlet; Described sieve unit comprises light material conveyer and riddle system; Described riddle system comprises riddle, bulk light material conveyer, small particle diameter light material conveyer and strip, flake light material conveyor, and described small particle diameter light material conveyer is arranged on the bottom of riddle, and bulk light material conveyer and strip, flake light material conveyor are separately positioned on two side lower parts of riddle; Described light material conveyer is arranged on the top of riddle; The bottom of described air compartment is provided with the heavier feeds discharge port, and the air compartment of a side relative with charging aperture is provided with the light material discharge port, and described light material conveyer is arranged on the bottom of light material discharge port.
Described return air inlet is provided with protection network.
Described harmonious material device be arranged on the feed belt machine directly over the 10mm-400mm place.
Described air compartment is the skew wind chamber, and the light material discharge port front side in the described air compartment is provided with oblique conveyer.
Be provided with cylinder in the described air compartment.
Described heavier feeds discharge port comprises bulk heavier feeds discharge port and fritter heavier feeds discharge port, and described blower fan comprises one-level blower fan and secondary blower fan, and the one-level blower fan links to each other with air compartment through return air duct respectively with the secondary blower fan.
Described air compartment is vertical air compartment.
Described air compartment is Z-shaped air compartment.
A kind of method that is used for the solid refuse classification of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: material imports along the feed belt machine, and harmonious material device guarantees that material evenly falls into air compartment; Carry out wind under the effect of material through blower fan and cylinder and leave, heavier feeds is after moving certain distance under the effect of blower fan and cylinder, and the effect of cylinder is water conservancy diversion, stop, isolate, form gas channel; Because the air-flow that blower fan produced no longer can support them to continue operation and inertia disappears and sedimentation; The bulk heavier feeds is discharged by bulk heavier feeds discharge port, and the fritter heavier feeds is discharged by fritter heavier feeds discharge port, simultaneously because the effect of blower fan and cylinder; Light material continues float to oblique conveyer; Discharge along the light material discharge port, thereby realize separating of lightweight and heavier feeds, fall into to the light material conveyer; Get into riddle through the light material conveyor delivery; The small particle diameter light material falls down from the riddle gap and falls into to small particle diameter light material conveyer, and strip, flake light material fall into to strip, flake light material conveyor from strip, the flake light material outlet at riddle top, and bulk footpath light material tumbles the riddle bottom and falls into bulk light material conveyer along the outlet of bulk light material; Dusty gas in the air compartment gets into deduster through return air inlet along return air duct; Air-flow after removing dust gets into blower fan by deduster again, constitutes a whole airflow circulating system thereby the air-flow that blower fan produces gets into air compartment again, and wind-supplying mouth is the wind-force loss of ancillary equipment in time.
A kind of Apparatus and method for that is used for the solid refuse classification of the present invention is compared with prior art; Has following outstanding beneficial effect: avoided adopting manual sorting's mode that solid refuse is carried out sorting; Bacterium in the rubbish can not be detrimental to health, and adopts the solid refuse sorting device to utilize density, particle diameter and the shape of solid waste to carry out sorting, can accurately and efficiently heavier feeds be separated with light material; With bulk heavier feeds in the heavier feeds and fritter heavier feeds; Bulk light material in the light material, small particle diameter light material and strip, flake light material separate, and have improved the efficiency of separation of solid refuse, and are provided with deduster; Have environmental protection and energy saving, characteristics such as easy to use.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that a kind of air compartment is the structural representation of the equipment that is used for the solid refuse classification of skew wind chamber;
Accompanying drawing 2 is that a kind of air compartment is the structural representation of the equipment that is used for the solid refuse classification of vertical air compartment;
Accompanying drawing 3 is that a kind of air compartment is the structural representation of the equipment that is used for the solid refuse classification of Z-shaped air compartment;
Description of reference numerals: 1, deduster, 2, return air duct, 3, the feed belt machine, 4, harmonious material device, 5, charging aperture; 6, cylinder, 7, return air inlet, 8, protection network, 9, the light material discharge port, 10, the light material conveyer; 11, strip, flake light material outlet, 12, strip, flake light material conveyor, 13, riddle, 14, small particle diameter light material conveyer, 15, bulk light material conveyer; 16, bulk light material outlet, 17, oblique conveyer, 18, fritter heavier feeds discharge port, 19, bulk heavier feeds discharge port, 20, the one-level blower fan; 21, secondary blower fan, 22, wind-supplying mouth, 23, air compartment, 24, the heavier feeds discharge port.
The specific embodiment
Explanation at length below doing with reference to Figure of description 1, accompanying drawing 2 and 3 pairs of a kind of Apparatus and method fors that are used for the solid refuse classification of the present invention of accompanying drawing.
A kind of equipment that is used for the solid refuse classification of the present invention; Its structure comprises air separation units and sieve unit; Described air separation units comprises feeding mechanism, air compartment 23 and circulation line; Described feeding mechanism comprises feed belt machine 3 and harmonious material device 4, and described harmonious material device 4 is arranged on the top of feed belt machine 3, and described feed belt machine 3 is connected with charging aperture 5 on the air compartment 23; Described circulation line comprises return air duct 2, deduster 1, wind-supplying mouth 22 and blower fan; Described deduster 1, wind-supplying mouth 22 and blower fan are successively set on the return air duct 2, and the two ends of described return air duct 2 link to each other with air compartment 23 respectively, and the top of the described air compartment 23 that links to each other with return air duct 2 is provided with return air inlet 7; Described sieve unit comprises light material conveyer 10 and riddle system; Described riddle system comprises riddle 13, bulk light material conveyer 15, small particle diameter light material conveyer 14 and strip, flake light material conveyor 12, and described small particle diameter light material conveyer 14 is arranged on the bottom of riddle 13, and bulk light material conveyer 15 and strip, flake light material conveyor 12 are separately positioned on two side lower parts of riddle 13; Described light material conveyer 10 is arranged on the top of riddle 13; The bottom of described air compartment 23 is provided with heavier feeds discharge port 24, and the air compartment 23 of a side relative with charging aperture 5 is provided with light material discharge port 9, and described light material conveyer 10 is arranged on the bottom of light material discharge port 9.
Described return air inlet 7 is provided with protection network 8.Prevent that light material from being sucked in the return air duct 2 by return air inlet 7, blocks return air duct 2.
Described harmonious material device 4 be arranged on feed belt machine 3 directly over the 10mm-400mm place.According to the height between conveying capacity and adjustment of raw meal particle size size and the feed belt machine 3.
Described air compartment 23 is the skew wind chamber, and light material discharge port 9 front sides in the described air compartment 23 are provided with oblique conveyer 17.
Be provided with cylinder 6 in the described air compartment 23.
Described heavier feeds discharge port 24 comprises bulk heavier feeds discharge port 19 and fritter heavier feeds discharge port 18, and described blower fan comprises one-level blower fan 20 and secondary blower fan 21, and one-level blower fan 20 links to each other with air compartment 23 through return air duct 2 respectively with secondary blower fan 21.
Described air compartment 23 is vertical air compartment.
Described air compartment 23 is Z-shaped air compartment.Increased the flow path of wind, air compartment inclined-plane buffering, separating effect is better.
A kind of method that is used for the solid refuse classification of the present invention; May further comprise the steps: material imports along feed belt machine 3, and harmonious material device 4 guarantees that material evenly falls into air compartment 23, carries out wind under the effect of material through blower fan and cylinder 6 and leaves; Heavier feeds is behind operation certain distance under the effect of blower fan and cylinder 6; The effect of cylinder 6 is water conservancy diversion, stops, isolates, forms gas channel, because the air-flow that blower fan produced no longer can support them to continue operation and inertia disappears and sedimentation, the bulk heavier feeds is discharged by bulk heavier feeds discharge port 19; The fritter heavier feeds is discharged by fritter heavier feeds discharge port 18; Owing to the effect of blower fan and cylinder 6, light material continues float to oblique conveyer 17, discharges along light material discharge port 9 simultaneously; Thereby realize separating of lightweight and heavier feeds; Light material falls into to light material conveyer 10, delivers into riddle 13 through light material conveyer 10, and the small particle diameter light material falls down from riddle 13 gaps and falls into to small particle diameter light material conveyer 14; Strip, flake light material fall into to strip, flake light material conveyor 12 from strip, the flake light material outlet 11 at riddle 13 tops; Bulk footpath light material tumbles riddle 13 bottoms and falls into bulk light material conveyer 15 along bulk light material outlet 16, and the dusty gas in the air compartment 23 gets into deduster 1 through return air inlet 7 along return air duct 2, and the air-flow after removing dust gets into blower fan by deduster 1 again; Thereby the air-flow that blower fan produces gets into air compartment 23 again and constitutes a whole airflow circulating system, and wind-supplying mouth 22 is the wind-force loss of ancillary equipment in time.For guaranteeing not escape of device interior waste gas, so establish the air quantity that the return air amount is slightly larger than air-supply, make air compartment 23 inside be micro-vacuum state, fresh air is inhaled into compensation pressure reduction by material import and export, thereby has guaranteed the environmental requirement of equipment.
Except that the described technical characterictic of specification, be the known technology of those skilled in the art.