CN104384099B - The separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in a kind of building waste recycling material - Google Patents

Abstract

The separator that the invention discloses fragment of brick and concrete block in a kind of building waste recycling material, comprises housing, is fixed with frame in housing, and frame is arranged in housing by the bearing bottom being arranged on; Centering type vibrating mechanism and sieve plate are installed in described frame, and eccentric vibration mechanism is positioned at sieve plate below and connects sieve plate by hinged drive link, and eccentric vibration mechanism connects motor, promotes sieve plate and do elliptical orbit vibration under the driving of motor; Described sieve plate be connected with fragment of brick discharging opening compared with low side, the higher-end of sieve plate is connected with concrete discharging opening, fragment of brick discharging opening with and the lower end of concrete discharging opening by stretching out in housing; The bottom of described frame is fixed with blast apparatus; The housing of frame top is provided with charging aperture and impurity discharging port. The present invention can realize layering and the relative motion of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material, effectively separates thereby realize both.

Description

The separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in a kind of building waste recycling material

Technical field

The invention belongs to highway engineering building waste recycling mechanical field, relate in a kind of building waste recycling materialFragment of brick and concrete block separation equipment.

Background technology

In recent years, along with deepening continuously and economic sustainable development of reform and opening-up, China's industrialization and Development of China's UrbanizationSignificantly accelerate, China has become building waste in the world and has discharged maximum countries. According to statistics, by the end of China in 2011Urban solid garbage heap has high-volume reached 7,000,000,000 tons, and wherein building waste total amount is about 21～2,800,000,000 tons, and this quantity orderFront growth with 10% speed every year. People, in enjoying the prosperity and living standard raising of city life, again must notDo not face the trying situation of garbage-surrounded city and environmental pollution. The developed countries such as the U.S., Japan, Germany are through long-term effort successRealization turn waste into wealth, resource circulation utilization. But, in China's present stage building waste taking burned brick and concrete block as main,Building waste treatment technology falls behind, cannot meet new requirement of engineering through the building waste of simple crushing processing, and this is buildingRubbish recycling is difficult to realize the main cause of economy.

Fire fragment of brick and waste concrete block and aspect Strength and stability, have very big-difference. The intensity of burned brick is little,Water absorption rate is large, poor stability, be difficult for mixing utilization with other construction materials, and fragment of brick, because the homogeneity of its color is better, is suitable forRecycle colored landscape brick aggregate, its economic worth is higher than common paving brick. And the intensity of waste concrete block is high, stabilityGood, there is good surface-active after mixing cement, be good roadbase, the good aggregate of recycling cement concrete,Data shows, adopts cement concrete that discarded concrete aggregate builds even to prepare higher than new aggregate 28 days compression strengthCement concrete. If can realize separating of burned brick material and waste concrete block in building waste, will make to build rubbishRubbish recycling material produces higher than the economic worth of 5～8 times before, be conducive to simultaneously China a large amount of fire fragment of brick and concrete isDissolving of main building waste, reduces the Land Size taking, and saves construction costs. But at present, also not for building wasteThe equipment that middle fragment of brick separates with regrown materiaves such as concrete blocks.

The common separation equipment to two kinds of material particles has the equipment of removing stone in grain at present, as soybean de-stoneMachine, wheat stone remover etc., their operation principle is while being distributed to compass screen surface after grain under particle diameter of the same race and stone mix, proportionThe grain of little, smooth surface, shape subglobular is realized automatic classification and is slipped under vibration and wind-force comprehensive functionAlso discharge lower one end of sieve plate, thus the relative grain rough surface of stone, out-of-shape, than the great end that sinks to sieve platePortion moves to the top of sieve plate under continuous material is pushed and vibrated, and is then discharged by discharging opening. As can be seen here, go at presentRealizing two kinds of particles of separation except the equipment of stone in grain is mainly the characteristic phase of having utilized the each side of two kinds of particles to be separatedPoor larger feature.

Wheat, soybean, rice, stone, fragment of brick, the density of concrete block, size, shape, interior friction in table 1, are providedAngle, floating velocity.

The physical property of several materials of table 1

As known from Table 1, the first, the difference of soybean and stone apparent density is about 1.97, fragment of brick and concrete block apparent closeThe difference of degree is only 0.2Kg/m³, be equivalent to soybean and stone apparent density difference 1/10th; The second, fragment of brick and concrete blockThe difference of floating velocity is also very little, is 2m/s, be about the floating velocity of soybean and stone difference 1/3rd; The 3rd, fragment of brick withConcrete block shape is irregularly shaped, makes frictional resistance larger, and both are difficult in motion process move in opposite directions; According to upperState more knownly, the characteristic of the fragment of brick in building waste and the each side of concrete block differs very little, is difficult for separated; In addition,In dimensional directions, in building waste, material size is mainly distributed between 20mm～30mm, is about four times of soybean particle diameter. Based onThe analysis of the physical property difference of said brick and concrete block, if according to the gravity of stone equipment in traditional removal grainMethod for separating, is obviously difficult to realize separating of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste. Inventor, in research process, once attemptedMultiple common grain de-stone equipment carries out fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste to be tested, and all they is not successfully dividedFrom.

In addition, select in industry in coal in China, ore deposit at present, usually pass through dense media (as water, saturated solution) by difference tableSee the material of density (proportion) by the mode of media flow and vibration, realize the separation of different rate of settling mineral. ButBe for building waste recycling material, by the investigation to Xi'an building waste recycling material in 2013, buildFragment of brick in building refuse recycling material and concrete block all account for 40% left and right of gross mass, and the materials such as gravel, pottery, dustAccount for altogether 20% left and right, if adopt above-mentioned coal, ore deposit to select the mode that uses dense medium separation in industry, will produce excessive addingWork production cost, loses more than gain economically and can not realize popularization, has also just lost the meaning of research, and therefore, this technology obviously alsoBe unsuitable for separating of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste.

To sum up, existing feed separation technology all can not be applicable to separating of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste, grindsStudying carefully fragment of brick in a kind of building waste is necessary with separating of concrete block. This is for improving current building waste recyclingThe comprehensive market of material is worth has substantial meaning.

Summary of the invention

Be difficult to effectively separate the problem of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste in order to solve existing feed separation technology,The invention provides the equipment that in a kind of building waste, fragment of brick separates with concrete block.

In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be solved:

In building waste recycling material, a separator for fragment of brick and concrete block, comprises housing, fixing in housingOrganic frame, frame is arranged in housing by the bearing that is arranged on bottom; In described frame, be provided with centering type vibrating mechanism andSieve plate, eccentric vibration mechanism is positioned at sieve plate below and connects sieve plate by hinged drive link, and eccentric vibration mechanism connects motor,Under the driving of motor, promote sieve plate and do elliptical orbit vibration; Described sieve plate be connected with fragment of brick discharging opening, sieve plate compared with low sideHigher-end is connected with concrete discharging opening, fragment of brick discharging opening with and the lower end of concrete discharging opening by stretching out in housing; InstituteThe bottom of stating frame is fixed with blast apparatus; The housing of frame top is provided with charging aperture and impurity discharging port.

Further, described sieve plate adopts step sieve plate, and described step sieve plate comprises screen cloth and is arranged on screen cloth both sidesProtecting wire net; Step sieve plate tilts to be arranged in housing, and screen cloth place plane and horizontal plane angle are 15～20 °.

Further, described screen cloth is divided into the gathering portion that is positioned at the separating part of higher one end and is positioned at lower one endPoint, separating part is rectangle, concentrating portions is isosceles trapezoid; The angle of described concentrating portions and separating part elongated surfaces be 2 °～5。

Further, the sieve aperture on described screen cloth is that the length of side is the square sieve aperture of 5～10mm.

Further, on described step sieve plate, each co-ordination intersection is provided with sieve thorn obliquely.

Further, described sieve thorn is 30 °-60 ° with the angle of the compass screen surface of its place part, the length of sieve thorn be 5mm～10mm。

Further, described charging aperture is the stage casing to step sieve plate just, and the cross section of charging aperture is rectangle, and its upper end is provided withOne swash plate, swash plate is used for making compound to incline entering step sieve plate, and the incline direction of swash plate is consistent with the fragment of brick discharging direction of motion; TiltedlyThe angle of plate and charging aperture sidewall is 45 °.

Further, described blast apparatus adopts high pressure blower, its operating frequency 50/60Hz.

Further, the position being connected with housing in described concrete discharging opening upper end is provided with movable bolt, makes coagulationSoil discharging opening can be movable; Between concrete discharging opening lower end and housing outer wall, be connected with Collapsible rack.

Further, on the housing side between step sieve plate and housing top board, selected accessory plate is installed, described inSelected accessory plate adopts circular-arc metallic plate, and its arc length is 30-50cm, and radian is 40-70.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, adopt centering type bobbing machine to drive sieve plate to move according to elliptical trajectory, auxiliary work in the wind of blast apparatusWith the lower layering that realizes compound, overcome poor due to the poor and floating velocity of apparent density of two kinds of materials of fragment of brick and concrete blockThe less problem that is difficult to layering causing; The sieve plate being obliquely installed is in above-mentioned vibration and by being blown in process, makes score layerMaterial produces and relatively moves, and finally realizes separating of fragment of brick and concrete block.

2, step sieve plate is divided into designing two portions and contributes to relatively moving of fragment of brick after layering and concrete block, meanwhile,On step sieve plate, equally distributed sieve thorn carries out auxiliary pushing to the larger concrete block of frictional resistance, at elliptic motion traceUnder, concrete block is moved upward along step sieve plate. Two kinds of materials are solved due to irregularly shaped and frictional resistance is equalWhat cause more greatly is difficult to realize the problem relatively moving after layering.

3, the present invention has filled up the blank of the mixed isolation technics of brick in building waste treatment technology. Improve building waste profit againBy material comprehensive utilization ratio and market value, for popularization and the marketization of building waste provide important technology support,, subtract meanwhileThe pollution of few building waste to appropriation of land and environment. According to the market of Xi'an regional architecture rubbish recycling material in 2013Situation, introduces the general item investment earning rate ROI=12.7% that fragment of brick separates with concrete block, compares current existing processing and establishesStandby general item investment earning rate improves nearly 6 percentage points.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste of the present invention recycling materialFigure.

Fig. 2 is step sieve plate top view.

Fig. 3 is the side view of step sieve plate.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the drive link of eccentric vibration mechanism.

Fig. 5 is the stressed schematic diagram of fragment of brick in separation process.

Fig. 6 is the stressed schematic diagram of concrete block in separation process.

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further explained.

Detailed description of the invention

The physical characteristic that the present invention is directed to two kinds of materials of fragment of brick and concrete block approaches and the situation that should not separate, to existingFeed separation equipment improve, make its structure can realize fragment of brick and separate with the effective of concrete block. Establish of the present inventionStandby mentality of designing is: first, according to the principle separating, vibratory sieve path curves is set, makes two kinds of materials in compoundFast hierarchical, then design can make two kinds of materials realize the sieve plate of relative motion; On this basis, to fragment of brick and concrete blockStressed, forms of motion on step sieve plate are analyzed respectively, finally determine the technical parameter of equipment.

1, sieve plate Its Track Design

Because the apparent density of fragment of brick and concrete block is poor all less with difference floating velocity, therefore common vibration is difficult forMake it successfully layering, in the present invention, adopt centering type bobbing machine to drive sieve plate to move according to elliptical trajectory, movement locus sideJourney is x²/10²+y²/6²=1; Motion angular velocity omega=the 220-390rad/s of centering type bobbing machine.

2, the structural design of sieve plate

Because the shape of fragment of brick and two kinds of materials of concrete block is irregularly shaped, make both frictional resistanceGreatly, even if make both also be difficult for realizing relatively moving after successful layering, in order to realize relatively moving of two kinds of materials, thisThe bright step sieve plate that adopted.

Step sieve plate 7 comprises screen cloth 71 and is arranged on the protecting wire net 72 of screen cloth both sides; Step sieve plate tilts to be arranged on housingIn, screen cloth 71 place planes and horizontal plane angle θ are 15～20 °, this angle of inclination makes to be positioned in two kinds of materials after layeringThe fragment of brick of layer can move downward smoothly along step sieve plate.

Screen cloth 71 is divided into the separating part of higher one end and the concentrating portions of lower one end, and separating part is rectangle, positionConcentrating portions is isosceles trapezoid, and its width is gradually little. Such design is that the fragment of brick in order to make to glide along screen cloth 71 is concentrated gradually.

The angle of the concentrating portions of screen cloth 71 and separating part elongated surfaces is 2 °～5 °, and the object of this design is to makeThe inclined degree of Disengagement zone of the step sieve plate 7 arranging is slightly slow compared with Disengagement zone, makes in motion landing to the concrete of concentrating portionsPiece can be realized again and rising under the effect of wind-force and the periodic vibration of ellipse track, thereby improves final separation essenceDegree.

Sieve aperture on screen cloth 71 is that the length of side is the square sieve aperture of 5～10mm.

On screen cloth 71, each co-ordination intersection (being the summit place of each sieve aperture) is provided with sieve thorn 73 obliquely, sieveThorn 73 is 30 °-60 ° with the angle of the compass screen surface of its place part; The cross sectional dimensions of sieve thorn 73 is 2mm*2mm, length be 5mm～10mm。

In building waste recycling material, building waste is through techniques such as artificial removal of impurities, fragmentation, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, screeningsFragment of brick in building waste recycling material and the size of concrete block are generally distributed between 10mm-30mm afterwards, therefore, and shouldInvention screen size is chosen as 8mm.

In traditional Gravity Separation equipment, because separate object apparent density differs greatly, and there is less frictionResistance, fragment of brick and concrete block layering under wind-force and vibration integrated effect, the fragment of brick that apparent density is little is distributed in upper strata, apparent closeSpend large concrete block and be distributed in lower floor. Due to fragment of brick itself and and concrete block between frictional resistance large, the shape of fragment of brickIrregular being difficult to of shape moves backward, and the present invention adopts step sieve plate, at the vibration frequency of centering type mode of vibration and eccentric vibrating machineUnder rate, give the power that concrete block moves in lower floor and then realize concrete block to move up along step sieve plate. Step sieve plateMovement locus is oval, every motion one-period under the drive of motor, the sieve thorn 72 on sieve plate promote concrete blocks to1～2 sieve aperture of upper movement.

3, the motion analysis of fragment of brick

Suppose that on step sieve plate 7, each point motion mode is straight line simple harmonic motion. The displacement of step sieve plate 7, speed, accelerationWith the pass of time be:

s＝rcoswt

v＝-wrsinwt

a＝-w²rcoswt

In formula: S-displacement; V-speed; A-acceleration; R-compass screen surface amplitude; W-angular speed; T-time;

As shown in Figure 4, the inclination angle of establishing the compass screen surface of step sieve plate 7 is β, and the angle of support bar and level is α. X-axis is along sieveFace direction, obliquely for just; Y-axis is perpendicular to compass screen surface, upwards for just. In the time that crank is positioned at I, IV quadrant, sieve nest has downwardAcceleration, upwards, fragment of brick has the movement tendency of upper cunning to system inertia power.

Fragment of brick is subject to the effect of following power in XOY coordinate:

1. gravity: G₁=mg; 2. inertia force: P₁＝mw²rcoswt

3. airflow acting force4. the support force of lower floor's material to fragment of brick: N₁

5. the frictional force of lower floor's material to fragment of brick: F₁＝N₁tanФ

In formula: the weight of m-fragment of brick; G-acceleration of gravity; K-resistance coefficient; The front face area of f-material;

V-air velocity; γ-air severe; Ф-fragment of brick internal friction angle

Fragment of brick is done relative sliding motion on screen cloth 71, is not subjected to displacement, so Σ Y=0 in Y-direction

N₁+W₁+P₁sin(90°-α-β)-G₁cosβ＝0(1)

Material has acceleration upwards,

Because of F₁＝N₁Tan Ф, brings itself and equation (1) into equation (2),

$m\frac{d^{2}x}{{\mathrm{dt}}^2}=\frac{1}{\cos \mathrm{\Φ}}[P_1\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})-G_1\sin (\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})]+W_1\tan \mathrm{\Φ}$

? $m\frac{d^{2}x}{{\mathrm{dt}}^2}=\frac{1}{\cos \mathrm{\Φ}}[{\mathrm{m\ω}}^{2}r\cos \mathrm{\ω}t\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})-\mathrm{mg}\sin (\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})]+{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2g}\tan \mathrm{\Φ}---\left(3\right)$

The condition of sliding on fragment of brick:

Obtained by (3) formula:

${\mathrm{m\ω}}^{2}r\cos \mathrm{\ω}t\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})\≥\mathrm{mg}\sin (\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2g}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}---\left(4\right)$

Cause | cos ω t|_max=1:

$\mathrm{\ω}\≥\sqrt{\frac{g\sin (\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2G}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}}{r\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})}}---\left(5\right)$

Order $K_1=\sqrt{\frac{g\sin (\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2G}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}}{r\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}+\mathrm{\Φ})}}$

In the time that crank is positioned at II, III quadrant, step sieve plate 7 has acceleration upwards, and system inertia power is downward, fragment of brickThe movement tendency with downslide, fragment of brick is as shown in Figure 5 stressed.

Σ Y=0,

N₁+W₁-P₁sin(90°-α-β)-G₁cosβ＝0(6)

Material has downward acceleration,

Because of F₁＝N₁Tan Ф, equation (6) is brought equation (7) into,

$m\frac{d^{2}x}{{\mathrm{dt}}^2}=\frac{1}{\cos \mathrm{\Φ}}[G_1\sin (\mathrm{\Φ}-\mathrm{\β})-P_1\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\Φ})]-W_2\tan \mathrm{\Φ}---\left(8\right)$

The condition that fragment of brick glides:Obtained by (8) formula:

$m{\mathrm{\ω}}^{2}r\cos \mathrm{\ω}t\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\Φ})\≥\mathrm{mg}\sin (\mathrm{\Φ}-\mathrm{\β})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2g}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}---\left(9\right)$

Cause | cos ω t|_max=1:

$\mathrm{\ω}\≥\sqrt{\frac{g\sin (\mathrm{\Φ}-\mathrm{\β})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2G}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}}{r\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\Φ})}}---\left(10\right)$

Order $K2=\sqrt{\frac{g\sin (\mathrm{\Φ}-\mathrm{\β})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{2G}\sin \mathrm{\Φ}}{r\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β}-\mathrm{\Φ})}}$

Can be obtained by formula (5), (10), work as angular velocity omega K₁, the fragment of brick on upper strata could the following bed of material be sliding surface, relatively andSliding on sieve nest; Work as angular velocity omega > K₂, relative and sieve nest glides. Obviously, work as K₁>K₂Time, fragment of brick just may become descending system.

4, the motion analysis of concrete block

If the inclination angle of compass screen surface is β, the angle of support bar and level is α, step sieve plate projection angle θ. X-axis is along step sieve plateDirection, obliquely for just; Y-axis is perpendicular to sieve plate direction, upwards for just. In the time that crank is positioned at II, III quadrant, sieve nest have toOn acceleration, system inertia power is downward, concrete block has the movement tendency of downslide, now 73 pairs of concrete blocks of sieve thorn produceThe distance that thrust upwards stops its downslide and it is upwards promoted to a diagrid net, concrete block is as shown in Figure 6 stressed.

Concrete block is subject to the effect of following power in XOY coordinate:

1. gravity: G₂=Mg; 2. inertia force: P₂＝Mw²rcoswt

3. airflow acting force4. the pressure of upper materials to concrete block: N₁

5. the frictional force of upper materials to concrete block: F₁6. the support force of step sieve plate to concrete block: N₂

7. the frictional force of step sieve plate to concrete block:

8. the thrust of sieve thorn to concrete block: F '=M ' rw²coswt

In formula: the weight of M-concrete block; The quality of M '-sieve thorn; f₂The front face area of-concrete block;-coagulationThe internal friction angle of soil block

Concrete block is slippage relatively on compass screen surface, and because of the effect of upper strata fragment of brick to it, concrete block and compass screen surface keep in touch,So Σ Y=0,

N₂+W₂+F'cos(α+β)-P₂cos(α+β)-G₂cosβ-N₁＝0(11)

$\mathrm{\ΣX}=m\frac{d^{2}x}{{\mathrm{dt}}^2},$ ?

$M\frac{d^{2}x}{{\mathrm{dt}}^2}=F_2+F^{\′}\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β})-F_1-P\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β})-G_2\sin \mathrm{\β}---\left(12\right)$

CauseBy itself and equation (11) substitution equation (12),

Simplify and arrange equation (13):

The condition of sliding on concrete block:Cause | coswt|_max=1, need to meet:

Order

Can be obtained by formula (15), as angular velocity omega < K₁', the concrete block that is positioned at lower floor can be in vibration and air-flow and sieve thornThrust comprehensive function under along sliding lattice on sieve nest.

5, determining of device parameter

The s main working parameters of device of the present invention comprises: the Disengagement zone of stepped sieve plate and horizontal plane angle are β, transmissionThe angle of bar and horizontal plane is α, the angle theta of sieve thorn and compass screen surface; Air velocity V; Angular speed w, the amplitude r of compass screen surface motion. From upperOne joint material movement is analyzed known, and when w meets equation (21), fragment of brick glides, and meets equation (22), on concrete block, moves. So,For set fragment of brick, concrete block type, brick is mixed separate each parameter substitution (21), (22) have the time of solution can realize fragment of brick descending,Mix soil block descending.

$\frac{\sin (\mathrm{\&Phi;}-\mathrm{\&beta;})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}{2G_{1}g}\sin \mathrm{\&Phi;}}{\sin (\mathrm{\&alpha;}+\mathrm{\&beta;}-\mathrm{\&Phi;})}\&le;\frac{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^{2}r}{g}\&le;\frac{\sin (\mathrm{\&beta;}+\mathrm{\&Phi;})-{\mathrm{kf}}_1{v}^2\frac{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}{2G_{1}g}\sin \mathrm{\&Phi;}}{\sin (\mathrm{\&alpha;}+\mathrm{\&beta;}+\mathrm{\&Phi;})}---\left(21\right)$

Computer excel macrodoce solves the s main working parameters of separator, drafts α=15 °, 20 °, 30 °, 45 °,°-30 °, β=5, °-45 °, θ=0, the each computing of β, θ increases by 1 °, solves wind speed V, angular speed w. OrderSolve knotFruit represents: when α=15 °, and °-14 °, β=9,, A value is 0.57-0.84 when the θ=10 °-15 °,Value is 0.228-0.385; When α=20 °, °-10 °, β=5, when the θ=10 °-14 °, A value 0.71-0.91,Can when value 0.126-0.286Realize the mixed separation of brick. In the time that α value increases, A value increases, and A is the parameter that characterizes wind speed, and along with A increases, V increases gradually, therefore passThe angle α of lever and horizontal plane only considers to get 15 °, 20 °.

In sum, when 4 parameters: wind speed parameterValue 0.57m-0.84m, transmission system motion ginsengNumber scalarValue 0.126-0.286, angular speed K1 ' < ω < K2 ', the angle α of drive link and horizontal plane gets 15 ° of < α <20 ° time, can realize separating of equal particle size range burned brick material and concrete block.

Design the equipment separating with coagulation piece for fragment of brick of the present invention according to the series of parameters of deducing out, according to realityThe condition now separating is designed corresponding equipment, between the series of parameters of deducing out respectively in the equipment debugging stage, debugs,According to separating effect comparison, finally obtain the equipment that fragment of brick of the present invention separates with concrete block.

Building waste recycling material is different from soybean stone remover in grain processing, and fragment of brick and concrete apparent density are poorDifferent little, frictional resistance is large, the irregular reason of brick shapes, the resistance of fragment of brick and concrete block relative sliding is larger, is directed toThis has designed step sieve plate, and step sieve plate offers the power that concrete block moves up, and the movement of concrete block is played to promotionEffect.

Under the promotion of step sieve plate, concrete moves up, and specific larger step sieve plate inclination angle makes fragment of brick at gravityUnder the promotion of component and continuous feed, move down along sieve plate, finally discharged by fragment of brick discharging opening.

In order to further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, the present embodiment has provided in a kind of building waste recycling materialThe separator of fragment of brick and concrete block, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises housing 1, is fixed with frame 2 in housing 1, frame 2 is logicalThe bearing 4 of crossing bottom being arranged on is arranged in housing 1; Centering type vibrating mechanism 6 and step sieve plate 7 are installed, as figure in frame 2Shown in 4, eccentric vibration mechanism 6 is positioned at step sieve plate 7 belows and connects step sieve plate 7, eccentric vibrating by hinged drive linkMechanism 6 connects motor, promotes step sieve plate 7 and do elliptical orbit vibration under the driving of motor; Connecting compared with low side of step sieve plate 7Have fragment of brick discharging opening 8, the higher-end of step sieve plate 7 is connected with concrete discharging opening 9, fragment of brick discharging opening 8 with and concrete go outThe lower end of material mouth 9 is by stretching out in housing 1.

The housing 1 of frame 2 tops is provided with charging aperture 11 and impurity discharging port 12; Charging aperture 11 is for building to the interior interpolation of housing 1Compound after building refuse fragmentation. Impurity discharging port 12 for by compound light components under the wind-force effect of blast apparatus by underUpwards discharge housing 1; Charging aperture 11 is the stage casing to step sieve plate 7 just, and the cross section of charging aperture 11 is rectangle, and its upper end is provided with oneSwash plate 14, swash plate 14 enters step sieve plate 7 for compound is inclined. The incline direction of swash plate 14 and the fragment of brick discharging direction of motion oneCause, the selection of this feedstock direction is the motion in order to promote fragment of brick. Swash plate 14 is 45 ° with the angle of charging aperture 11 sidewalls, warpTest, this angle can make building waste arrive step sieve plate 7 with less impulsive force, when reducing material and toppling over, compound is dividedThe destruction of layer.

The bottom of frame 2 is fixed with blast apparatus 5; In the present embodiment, blast apparatus 5 adopts high pressure blower, its air-flowDirection is centrifugal blower, and its material is aluminum, frequency 50/60Hz, and voltage 110-615v, 40 cubic meters/hour-1134 of the blows rate required are verticalSide/hour. Blast apparatus 5, for realizing the even conveying of wind-force from bottom to top in housing 1, blows to impurities removal by step sieve plate 7Mouth 12. In the present embodiment, eccentric vibration mechanism 6 adopts MICHAEL DRAKE bobbing machine SGX-38-18-230/240-6-001.

For the characteristic of building waste recycling materials processing, be connected with housing 1 in concrete discharging opening 9 upper ends respectivelyMovable bolt is installed at position makes the concrete discharging opening can be movable; Between concrete discharging opening 9 lower ends and housing 1 outer wall, be connected withCollapsible rack. This kind of structure of concrete discharging opening 9 is conducive to the expansion of the stacking scope that recycles aggregate finished product stockpile.

Selected accessory plate 10 be arranged on housing 1 side and be located at step sieve plate 7 and housing 1 top board between, specifically oneCircular-arc metallic plate, its arc length is 30-50cm, preferably 45cm, radian is 40-70, preferably 65 °. Selected auxiliary dress plate 10 forA part of wind that blast apparatus 5 is blown by below turns, and makes to arrive concrete discharging opening 9 positions and shakes with step sieve plateThe less fragment of brick of moving apparent density, along the downward landing of step sieve plate, improves the mixed separating effect of brick.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, screen cloth 71 place planes and the horizontal plane angle of step sieve plate 7 are 15 °; Screen cloth 71 total lengthsFor 3.2m, separating part width is 2m, and length is 2.4m; The upper hem width 1.8m of the isosceles trapezoid of concentrating portions, the wide 2m in base. SieveThe angle of the concentrating portions of net 71 and separating part elongated surfaces is 3 °, and the length of side of the sieve aperture on screen cloth 71 is 8mm. The horizontal stroke of sieve thorn 73Sectional dimension is 2mm*2mm, and length is 8mm.

In the time that separation equipment of the present invention is applied to the mixed separation of brick, before separation, tackles building waste and locate in advanceReason: specifically to pass through the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as artificial primary election, fragmentation, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, screening, under normal circumstances, to produce in order preparing againProduct, building waste is processed as particle diameter 0-5mm by building waste processing factory, 5-10mm, 10-20mm, the particle of 20-30mm. SpecificallyRealize the recycling material that enforcement is the 10mm-30mm after screening in former technique, be poured over fragment of brick and concrete block mixtureStockpile, is placed in separation equipment of the present invention the lower end of discharging conveyer belt for the compound after processing is sent into charging aperture,Or by manually sending into.

Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:

In the present invention, eccentric vibration mechanism 6 drives step sieve plate 7 to carry out ellipse by drive link under the drive of motorOrbiting motion. Because the apparent density of fragment of brick and concrete block is different, the suspending power providing at blast apparatus 5 and eccentric vibrating machineUnder the condition of the vibration that structure 6 provides, realize layering. A part of wind that air blast 5 produces from concrete discharging opening position with 30 °～The deep bead of the angle of 45 ° blows to impurity discharging port 12 directions, and the part fragment of brick at concrete discharging opening 9 places is blowed to rear end, has improvedSeparation purity. Under the eolian transportation effect of air blast, an air-flow part is through step sieve plate 7, and a part is passed through concreteDischarging opening 9, is discharged air-flow by impurity discharging port 12. The compound that passes step sieve plate 7 upper surfaces at air-flow from bottom to top, makesSpace between compound increases, and reduces normal pressure and frictional resistance between the bed of material and material, and compound entirety is in streamChange state is conducive to layering to be realized.

In identical particle size range, the proportion of material component makes in suitable shaking from the different of air dynamic behaviourUnder the effect of moving and flow parameter, air-flow, when through step sieve plate 7, is distributed in compound on step sieve plate 7 at wind-forceUnder effect, be fluidized state. The fragment of brick that proportion is less moves to the upper strata of compound after being subject to air-flow and effect of vibrationAfter, under the partical gravity that tilts to cause at step sieve plate 7 and the push effect of continuous feed, fragment of brick is gradually along step sieve plate 7Move downward to fragment of brick discharging opening 8 and discharge. The concrete block frictional resistance that proportion is larger is also larger, at the ellipse of step sieve plate 7Under shape movement locus drives, by the auxiliary pushing of sieve thorn 72, concrete block moves up to concrete along step sieve plate 7 graduallyDischarging opening 9 is discharged.

Claims (6)

1. a separator for fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material, comprises housing, in housing, is fixed withFrame, frame is arranged in housing by the bearing that is arranged on bottom; It is characterized in that, in described frame, eccentric vibrating is installedMechanism and sieve plate, eccentric vibration mechanism is positioned at sieve plate below and connects sieve plate by hinged drive link, and eccentric vibration mechanism connectsConnect motor, under the driving of motor, promote sieve plate and do elliptical orbit vibration; Described sieve plate be connected with fragment of brick discharging opening compared with low side,The higher-end of sieve plate is connected with concrete discharging opening, fragment of brick discharging opening with and the lower end of concrete discharging opening by stretching in housingGo out; The bottom of described frame is fixed with blast apparatus; The housing of frame top is provided with charging aperture and impurity discharging port;

Described sieve plate adopts step sieve plate, and described step sieve plate comprises screen cloth and is arranged on the protecting wire net of screen cloth both sides; Angle sievePlate tilts to be arranged in housing, and screen cloth place plane and horizontal plane angle are 15～20 °;

Described screen cloth is divided into the separating part that is positioned at higher one end and the concentrating portions that is positioned at lower one end, and separating part is squareShape, concentrating portions is isosceles trapezoid; The angle of described concentrating portions and separating part elongated surfaces is 2 °～5 °.

2. the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material as claimed in claim 1, its feature existsIn, the sieve aperture on described screen cloth is that the length of side is the square sieve aperture of 5～10mm.

3. the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material as claimed in claim 1, its feature existsIn, described charging aperture is the stage casing to step sieve plate just, and the cross section of charging aperture is rectangle, and its upper end is provided with a swash plate, and swash plate is usedIn making compound enter step sieve plate, the incline direction of swash plate is consistent with the fragment of brick discharging direction of motion; Swash plate and charging aperture sidewallAngle be 45 °.

4. the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material as claimed in claim 1, its feature existsIn, described blast apparatus adopts high pressure blower, its operating frequency 50/60Hz.

5. the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material as claimed in claim 1, its feature existsIn, the position being connected with housing in described concrete discharging opening upper end is provided with movable bolt, and concrete discharging opening can be livedMoving; Between concrete discharging opening lower end and housing outer wall, be connected with Collapsible rack.

6. the separator of fragment of brick and concrete block in building waste recycling material as claimed in claim 1, its feature existsIn, on the housing side between step sieve plate and housing top board, selected accessory plate being installed, described selected accessory plate adoptsCircular-arc metallic plate, its arc length is 30-50cm, radian is 40-70 degree.