CN102308454B - 用于对装置进行充电的无线电力 - Google Patents

用于对装置进行充电的无线电力 Download PDF

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CN102308454B
CN102308454B CN201080006893.0A CN201080006893A CN102308454B CN 102308454 B CN102308454 B CN 102308454B CN 201080006893 A CN201080006893 A CN 201080006893A CN 102308454 B CN102308454 B CN 102308454B
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electric power
equipment according
wirelessly
charging device
peripheral
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CN102308454A (zh
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里纳特·布尔多
迈尔斯·A·柯比
欧内斯特·T·奥萨基
弗吉尼娅·W·基廷
詹姆斯·I·贾弗
奈杰尔·P·库克
哈里·M·洪斯克
迈克尔·J·曼根
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/266Arrangements to supply power to external peripherals either directly from the computer or under computer control, e.g. supply of power through the communication port, computer controlled power-strips
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/22Capacitive coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/005Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting using a power saving mode
    • H02J9/007Detection of the absence of a load

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

示范性实施例是针对无线电力。主机装置外围设备可包含无线电力充电设备,所述无线电力充电设备可包括发射电路和耦合到所述发射电路的至少一个天线。所述至少一个天线可经配置以在相关联的近场区内无线地发射电力。另外,所述主机装置外围设备可经配置以耦合到主机装置。

Description

用于对装置进行充电的无线电力
根据35U.S.C.§119主张优先权
本申请案根据35U.S.C.§119(e)主张以下专利申请案的优先权:
2009年2月5日申请的标题为“便携式装置中的无线电力充电器(WIRELESSPOWER CHARGER IN A PORTABLE DEVICE)”的美国临时专利申请案61/150,302,所述申请案的全部揭示内容在此以引用的方式并入本文中;
2009年2月5日申请的标题为“无线电力附件(WIRELESS POWER ACCESSORY)”的美国临时专利申请案61/150,254,所述申请案的全部揭示内容在此以引用的方式并入本文中;
2009年7月28日申请的标题为“用于无线充电的电力管理(POWERMANAGEMENT FOR WIRELESS CHARGING)”的美国临时专利申请案61/229,218,所述申请案的全部揭示内容在此以引用的方式并入本文中;
2009年7月29日申请的标题为“充电模块附件(CHARGING MODULEACCESSORY)”的美国临时专利申请案61/229,664,所述申请案的全部揭示内容在此以引用的方式并入本文中;以及
2009年8月20日申请的标题为“可展开的无线电力充电系统(DEPLOYABLEWIRELESS POWER CHARGING SYSTEM)”的美国临时专利申请案61/235,660,所述申请案的全部揭示内容在此以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及无线充电,且更具体来说,涉及包括便携式充电装置的充电装置和对充电装置的电力管理。
背景技术
通常,每一电池供电装置需要其自身的充电器和电源(其通常为AC电源插座)。当许多装置需要充电时,此变得难以使用。
正开发在发射器与待充电的装置之间使用空中电力发射的方法。这些方法通常落入两个类别中。一个类别是基于发射天线与待充电的装置上的接收天线之间的平面波辐射(还称作远场辐射)的耦合,所述待充电的装置收集所辐射电力且对其整流以用于对电池进行充电。天线通常具有谐振长度以便改进耦合效率。此方法遭受以下事实:电力耦合随着天线之间的距离增加而快速衰退。因此,越过合理距离(例如,>1米到2米)来充电变得困难。另外,由于系统辐射平面波,所以如果未经由滤波来进行适当控制,则无意的辐射可干扰其它系统。
其它方法是基于嵌入于(例如)“充电”垫或表面中的发射天线与嵌入于待充电的主机装置中的接收天线加上整流电路之间的电感性耦合。此方法具有以下缺点:发射天线与接收天线之间的间隔必须非常接近(例如,几毫米)。尽管此方法确实具有对相同区域中的多个装置同时进行充电的能力,但此区域通常较小,因此用户必须将所述装置定位到特定区域。
需要经配置以耦合到电子装置的便携式充电装置。另外,需要经配置以便利地放置电子装置来使其能够提供其无线电力的电子充电装置。还需要经配置以在处于电力节省模式中时检测电子装置的存在的充电装置。
发明内容
本发明中所描述的标的物的一个方面提供一种用于无线电力充电的设备。所述设备包括经配置以电连接到主机装置的主机装置外围设备。所述主机装置包含能量存储装置。所述主机装置外围设备包括具有环形天线的天线电路。所述天线电路经配置以从所述能量存储装置接收电力且经配置以无线地发射电力。
本发明中所描述的标的物的另一方面提供一种用于无线电力充电的方法的实施。所述方法包括将包含能量存储装置的主机装置电连接到主机装置外围设备。所述主机装置外围设备包含具有环形天线的天线电路。所述方法进一步包括在所述主机装置外围设备处从所述能量存储装置接收电力。所述方法进一步包括从所述主机装置外围设备无线地发射电力。
本发明中所描述的标的物的又一方面提供一种用于无线电力充电的设备。所述设备包括用于将主机装置外围设备电耦合到包含能量存储装置的充电装置的装置。所述设备进一步包括用于从所述能量存储装置接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置,以及用于使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置周期性地在电力节省模式与正常操作模式之间转变的装置。所述设备进一步包括用于当在所述正常操作模式中操作时检测电子装置的存在的装置,以及用于如果没有检测到电子装置则使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置转变回所述电力节省模式的装置。
附图说明
图1展示无线电力传递系统的简化方框图。
图2展示无线电力传递系统的简化示意图。
图3展示用于本发明的示范性实施例中的环形天线的示意图。
图4为根据本发明的示范性实施例的发射器的简化方框图。
图5为根据本发明的示范性实施例的接收器的简化方框图。
图6展示发射电路的用于执行发射器与接收器之间的消息接发的一部分的简化示意图。
图7说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置,其具有邻近于其表面而定位的至少一个发射天线。
图8为根据本发明的示范性实施例的图7的充电装置的另一描绘,所述充电装置包括邻近于其另一表面而定位的至少一个发射天线。
图9为根据本发明的示范性实施例的图7和图8的充电装置的又一描绘,所述充电装置具有邻近于其又一表面而定位的至少一个发射天线。
图10说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置,其具有定位于其上的电子装置。
图11说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置,其具有附接到其的电子装置。
图12说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置,其具有口袋和定位于其中的电子装置。
图13说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的另一充电装置,其具有定位于其上的电子装置。
图14和图15说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的包含充电垫的充电装置。
图16和图17说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的包含电子装置和充电垫的充电系统。
图18说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的便携式无线电力装置。
图19说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括电子装置和便携式无线电力装置。
图20说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括定位于电子装置内的便携式无线电力装置。
图21说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括靠近定位于电子装置内的便携式无线电力装置的无线发射天线。
图22说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括靠近便携式无线电力装置的无线发射天线。
图23说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括具有从电子系统展开的部分的便携式无线电力装置。
图24说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括耦合到外部电源且具有上面定位有电子装置的从电子系统展开的部分的便携式无线电力装置。
图25说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括靠近发射天线且具有上面定位有电子装置的从电子系统展开的部分的便携式无线电力装置。
图26说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的系统,其包括定位于电子装置内的便携式无线电力装置,所述便携式无线电力装置具有上面定位有电子装置的从电子系统展开的部分。
图27说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的具有定位于其上的电子装置的便携式无线电力装置。
图28说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的无线发射天线,其靠近具有定位于其上的电子装置的便携式无线电力装置。
图29为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的方法的流程图。
图30说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置的状态机图。
图31说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的充电装置的另一状态机图。
图32为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的另一方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在本文中使用词语“示范性”以指“充当一实例、例子或说明”。本文中描述为“示范性”的任何实施例没有必要被解释为比其它实施例优选或有利。
下文结合附图所陈述的详细描述意欲作为对本发明的示范性实施例的描述,且无意表示可实践本发明的仅有实施例。在整个此描述中所使用的术语“示范性”是指“用作一实例、例子或说明”,且应没有必要被解释为比其它示范性实施例优选或有利。所述详细描述出于提供对本发明的示范性实施例的彻底理解的目的而包括特定细节。所属领域的技术人员将容易明白,可在无这些特定细节的情况下实践本发明的示范性实施例。在一些例子中,以方框图形式展示众所周知的结构和装置,以便避免使本文中所呈现的示范性实施例的新颖性模糊不清。
在本文中使用词语“无线电力”以指在不使用物理电磁导体的情况下在从发射器到接收器之间发射的与电场、磁场、电磁场或其它物相关联的任何形式的能量。
图1说明根据本发明的各种示范性实施例的无线发射或充电系统100。将输入电力102提供到发射器104以用于产生用于提供能量传递的辐射场106。接收器108耦合到辐射场106,且产生输出电力110以供耦合到输出电力110的装置(未图示)存储或消耗。发射器104与接收器108两者相隔一距离112。在一个示范性实施例中,根据相互谐振关系来配置发射器104与接收器108,且当接收器108位于辐射场106的“近场”中时,当接收器108的谐振频率与发射器104的谐振频率非常接近时,发射器104与接收器108之间的发射损耗为最小。
发射器104进一步包括用于提供用于能量发射的装置的发射天线114,且接收器108进一步包括用于提供用于能量接收的装置的接收天线118。根据应用和将与其相关联的装置来设计发射天线和接收天线的大小。如所陈述,通过将发射天线的近场中的大部分能量耦合到接收天线而非以电磁波形式将大部分能量传播到远场而进行有效能量传递。当处于此近场中时,可在发射天线114与接收天线118之间形成耦合模式。天线114和118周围的可发生此近场耦合的区域在本文中称作耦合模式区。
图2展示无线电力传递系统的简化示意图。发射器104包括振荡器122、功率放大器124以及滤波器和匹配电路126。所述振荡器经配置以产生所要频率,所述所要频率可响应于调整信号123来调整。振荡器信号可由功率放大器124以响应于控制信号125的放大量来放大。可包括滤波器和匹配电路126以滤除谐波或其它非所要的频率且使发射器104的阻抗与发射天线114匹配。
接收器108可包括匹配电路132以及整流器和切换电路134以产生DC电力输出来对电池136(如图2中所展示)进行充电或向耦合到接收器的装置(未图示)供电。可包括匹配电路132以使接收器108的阻抗与接收天线118匹配。接收器108与发射器104可在单独通信信道119(例如,蓝牙、zigbee、蜂窝式等)上通信。
如图3中所说明,示范性实施例中所使用的天线可经配置为“环形”天线150,其在本文中还可称作“磁性”天线。环形天线可经配置以包括空气芯或物理芯(例如,铁氧体芯)。空气芯环形天线可能更可容许放置于所述芯附近的外来物理装置。此外,空气芯环形天线允许其它组件放置于芯区域内。另外,空气芯环可更容易实现接收天线118(图2)在发射天线114(图2)的平面内的放置,在所述平面中,发射天线114(图2)的耦合模式区可更强大。
如所陈述,在发射器104与接收器108之间的匹配或几乎匹配的谐振期间发生发射器104与接收器108之间的有效能量传递。然而,甚至当发射器104与接收器108之间的谐振不匹配时,还可以较低效率传递能量。通过将来自发射天线的近场的能量耦合到驻留于建立了此近场的邻域中的接收天线而非将能量从发射天线传播到自由空间中而发生能量的传递。
环形天线或磁性天线的谐振频率是基于电感和电容。环形天线中的电感一般仅为由所述环形产生的电感,而一般将电容添加到环形天线的电感以在所要谐振频率下产生谐振结构。作为非限制性实例,可将电容器152和电容器154添加到天线以产生产生谐振信号156的谐振电路。因此,对于较大直径的环形天线来说,诱发谐振所需的电容的大小随着环形天线的直径或电感增加而减小。此外,随着环形天线或磁性天线的直径增加,近场的有效能量传递区域增加。当然,其它谐振电路是可能的。作为另一非限制性实例,电容器可并联地放置于环形天线的两个端子之间。另外,所属领域的技术人员将认识到,对于发射天线,谐振信号156可为到环形天线150的输入。
本发明的示范性实施例包括在处于彼此的近场中的两个天线之间耦合电力。如所陈述,近场为在天线周围的存在电磁场但可能并不远离所述天线传播或辐射的区域。所述电磁场通常被限于所述天线的物理体积附近的体积。在本发明的示范性实施例中,磁型天线(例如,单匝环形天线和多匝环形天线)用于发射(Tx)天线系统与接收(Rx)天线系统两者,这是因为与电型天线(例如,小型偶极天线)的电近场相比,磁型天线的磁近场振幅往往较高。此允许所述对天线之间的潜在较高耦合。此外,还预期“电”天线(例如,偶极天线和单极天线)或磁性天线与电天线的组合。
Tx天线可在足够低的频率下且在天线大小足够大的情况下操作,以在显著大于早先所提及的远场和电感性方法所允许的距离的距离下实现到小型Rx天线的良好耦合(例如,>-4dB)。如果Tx天线的大小经正确设计,则当将主机装置上的Rx天线放置于受驱动Tx环形天线的耦合模式区内(即,在近场中)时,可实现高耦合水平(例如,-2到-4dB)。
图4为根据本发明的示范性实施例的发射器200的简化方框图。发射器200包括发射电路202和发射天线204。通常,发射电路202通过提供导致产生围绕发射天线204的近场能量的振荡信号来将RF电力提供到发射天线204。举例来说,发射器200可在13.56MHz ISM频带下操作。
示范性发射电路202包括:固定阻抗匹配电路206,其用于将发射电路202的阻抗(例如,50欧姆)与发射天线204匹配;以及低通滤波器(LPF)208,其经配置以将谐波发射减少到防止耦合到接收器108(图1)的装置的自干扰的水平。其它示范性实施例可包括不同滤波器拓扑(包括(但不限于)使特定频率衰减同时使其它频率通过的陷波滤波器),且可包括自适应阻抗匹配,其可基于可测量的发射度量(例如,到天线的输出功率或由功率放大器汲取的DC电流)而变化。发射电路202进一步包括功率放大器210,其经配置以驱动如由振荡器212确定的RF信号。发射电路可包含离散装置或电路,或者可包含集成组合件。来自发射天线204的示范性RF功率输出可为约2.5瓦。
发射电路202进一步包括控制器214,控制器214用于在针对特定接收器的发射阶段(或工作循环)期间启用振荡器212,以用于调整所述振荡器的频率,且用于调整输出功率水平来实施用于经由相邻装置所附接的接收器与相邻装置交互的通信协议。
发射电路202可进一步包括负载感测电路216,其用于检测在由发射天线204产生的近场附近的有效接收器的存在或不存在。举例来说,负载感测电路216监视流动到功率放大器210的电流,所述电流受在由发射天线204产生的近场附近的有效接收器的存在或不存在影响。由控制器214监视对功率放大器210上的加载的改变的检测,以用于确定是否启用振荡器212来用于发射能量以与有效接收器通信。
可将发射天线204实施为天线带,其具有经选择以使电阻性损耗保持较低的厚度、宽度和金属类型。在常规实施方案中,发射天线204可一般经配置以与较大结构(例如,桌子、垫子、灯或其它较不便携的配置)相关联。因此,发射天线204一般将不需要“若干匝”以便具有实用尺寸。发射天线204的示范性实施方案可为“电学上较小的”(即,波长的分数)且经调谐以通过使用电容器界定谐振频率而在较低的可用频率下谐振。在发射天线204相对于接收天线来说在直径上或边长上(如果为正方形环)可能较大(例如,0.50米)的示范性应用中,发射天线204将不一定需要大量匝来获得合理电容。
发射器200可搜集和追踪关于可与发射器200相关联的接收器装置的行踪和状态的信息。因此,发射器电路202可包括连接到控制器214(在本文中还称作处理器)的存在检测器280、封闭式检测器290,或其组合。控制器214可响应于来自存在检测器280和封闭式检测器290的存在信号而调整由放大器210递送的功率的量。发射器可经由许多电源接收电力,所述电源例如为用以转换存在于建筑物中的常规AC电力的AC-DC转换器(未图示)、用以将常规DC电源转换成适合于发射器200的电压的DC-DC转换器(未图示),或发射器可直接从常规DC电源(未图示)接收电力。
作为一非限制性实例,存在检测器280可为运动检测器,其用以感测插入到发射器的覆盖区域中的待充电的装置的初始存在。在检测后,可开启发射器且可使用由装置接收的RF电力来以预定方式切换Rx装置上的开关,其又导致发射器的驱动点阻抗的改变。
作为另一非限制性实例,存在检测器280可为检测器,其能够(例如)通过红外线检测、运动检测或其它合适手段来检测人类。在一些示范性实施例中,可能存在限制发射天线可在特定频率下发射的功率的量的规章。在一些情况下,这些规章有意保护人类免受电磁辐射影响。然而,可能存在发射天线放置于人类未占用的或人类不经常占用的区域(例如,车库、厂区、车间,等)中的环境。如果这些环境没有人类,则可能可准许将发射天线的功率输出增加到正常功率约束规章以上。换句话说,控制器214可响应于人类存在而将发射天线204的功率输出调整到管制水平或更低水平,且当人类在距发射天线204的电磁场管制距离之外时,将发射天线204的功率输出调整到高于管制水平的水平。
作为一非限制性实例,封闭式检测器290(在本文中还可称作封闭式隔间检测器或封闭式空间检测器)可为例如感测开关的装置,以用于确定外罩何时处于闭合或打开状态中。当发射器在处于封闭状态的外罩中时,可增加发射器的功率水平。
在示范性实施例中,可使用发射器200借以不会无限地保持开启的方法。在此情况下,发射器200可经编程以在用户确定的时间量后关闭。此特征防止发射器200(尤其是功率放大器210)在其周边的无线装置充满后长时间运行。此事件可能归因于用以检测从中继器或接收线圈发送的指示装置充满的信号的电路的故障。为了防止发射器200在另一装置放置于其周边时自动关闭,可仅在检测到其周边缺少运动的设定周期后启动发射器200自动关闭特征。用户可能够确定不活动时间间隔,且在需要时改变所述不活动时间间隔。作为一非限制性实例,所述时间间隔可比在假定特定类型的无线装置最初完全放电的情况下充满所述装置所需的时间间隔长。
图5为根据本发明的示范性实施例的接收器300的简化方框图。接收器300包括接收电路302和接收天线304。接收器300进一步耦合到装置350以用于将所接收的电力提供到装置350。应注意,将接收器300说明为在装置350外部,但其可集成到装置350中。通常,能量无线地传播到接收天线304且接着经由接收电路302而耦合到装置350。
接收天线304经调谐以在与发射天线204(图4)的频率相同的频率下或接近相同的频率下谐振。接收天线304可与发射天线204类似地设计尺寸,或可基于相关联装置350的尺寸来不同地设计大小。举例来说,装置350可为具有比所述发射天线204的直径或长度小的直径或长度尺寸的便携式电子装置。在此种实例中,可将接收天线304实施为多匝天线,以便减小调谐电容器(未图示)的电容值且增加接收天线的阻抗。举例来说,接收天线304可放置于装置350的实质性圆周周围,以便使天线直径最大化并减少接收天线的环匝(即,线圈)的数目和线圈间电容。
接收电路302提供与接收天线304的阻抗匹配。接收电路302包括电力转换电路306,其用于将所接收的RF能源转换成供装置350使用的充电电力。电力转换电路306包括RF-DC转换器308且还可包括DC-DC转换器310。RF-DC转换器308将在接收天线304处所接收的RF能量信号整流成非交变电力,而DC-DC转换器310将经整流的RF能量信号转换成与装置350兼容的能量电位(例如,电压)。预期各种RF-DC转换器,包括部分和全整流器、调节器、桥接器、倍增器以及线性和切换转换器。
接收电路302可进一步包括切换电路312,以用于将接收天线304连接到电力转换电路306或者用于断开电力转换电路306。将接收天线304与电力转换电路306断开不仅中止对装置350的充电,而且还改变发射器200(图2)所“看到”的“负载”。
如上文所揭示,发射器200包括负载感测电路216,负载感测电路216检测提供到发射器功率放大器210的偏置电流的波动。因此,发射器200具有用于确定接收器何时存在于发射器的近场中的机制。
当多个接收器300存在于发射器的近场中时,可能需要对一个或一个以上接收器的加载和卸载进行时间多路复用以使其它接收器能够更有效地耦合到发射器。还可遮盖一接收器以便消除到其它附近接收器的耦合或减少附近发射器上的加载。接收器的此“卸载”在本文中还称为“遮盖”。此外,如下文更完全地解释,由接收器300控制且由发射器200检测的卸载与加载之间的此切换提供从接收器300到发射器200的通信机制。另外,一协议可与所述切换相关联,所述协议使得能够将消息从接收器300发送到发射器200。举例来说,切换速度可为约100微秒。
在一示范性实施例中,发射器与接收器之间的通信涉及装置感测和充电控制机制而非常规双向通信。换句话说,发射器使用所发射信号的开/关键控,以调整近场中的能量是否可用。接收器将这些能量改变解译为来自发射器的消息。从接收器侧,接收器使用接收天线的调谐与解谐来调整正从近场接受多少电力。发射器可检测来自近场的所使用的电力的此差异,且将这些改变解译为来自接收器的消息。
接收电路302可进一步包括用以识别所接收的能量波动的信令检测器和信标电路314,所述能量波动可对应于从发射器到接收器的信息性信令。此外,信令和信标电路314还可用以检测减少的RF信号能量(即,信标信号)的发射并将所述减少的RF信号能量整流成标称电力,以用于唤醒接收电路302内的未供电或电力耗尽的电路,以便配置接收电路302来用于无线充电。
接收电路302进一步包括处理器316,以用于协调本文中所描述的接收器300的处理(包括对本文中所描述的切换电路312的控制)。还可在其它事件(包括检测到将充电电力提供到装置350的外部有线充电源(例如,壁式/USB电力))发生后即刻发生对接收器300的遮盖。除了控制对接收器的遮盖外,处理器316还可监视信标电路314以确定信标状态并提取从发射器发送的消息。处理器316还可调整DC-DC转换器310以获得改进的性能。
图6展示发射电路的用于执行发射器与接收器之间的消息接发的一部分的简化示意图。在本发明的一些示范性实施例中,可在发射器与接收器之间启用用于通信的装置。在图6中,功率放大器210驱动发射天线204以产生辐射场。功率放大器由载波信号220驱动,载波信号220在发射天线204的所要频率下振荡。发射调制信号224用以控制功率放大器210的输出。
发射电路可通过使用功率放大器210上的开/关键控过程来向接收器发送信号。换句话说,当断言发射调制信号224时,功率放大器210将在发射天线204上向外驱动载波信号220的频率。当取消发射调制信号224时,功率放大器将不在发射天线204上向外驱动任何频率。
图6的发射电路还包括负载感测电路216,其将电力供应到功率放大器210且产生接收信号235输出。在负载感测电路216中,电阻器Rs上的电压降形成于电力入信号226与到功率放大器210的电力供应228之间。由功率放大器210消耗的电力的任何改变将导致电压降的改变,电压降的改变将由差动放大器230放大。当发射天线处于与接收器(图6中未展示)中的接收天线的耦合模式中时,由功率放大器210汲取的电流的量将改变。换句话说,如果发射天线204不存在耦合模式谐振,则驱动辐射场所需的电力将为第一量。如果存在耦合模式谐振,则由功率放大器210消耗的电力的量将上升(因为大量电力正耦合到接收天线中)。因此,接收信号235可指示耦合到发射天线204的接收天线的存在且还可检测从接收天线发送的信号。另外,将可在发射器的功率放大器电流汲取中观察到接收器电流汲取的改变,且此改变可用以检测来自接收天线的信号。
遮盖信号、信标信号和用于产生这些信号的电路的一些示范性实施例的细节可参看以下美国实用新型专利申请案:2008年10月10日申请的标题为“经由接收天线阻抗调制的反向链路信令(REVERSE LINK SIGNALING VIA RECEIVE ANTENNAIMPEDANCE MODULATION)”的美国实用新型专利申请案12/249,873;以及2008年10月10日申请的标题为“用于无线充电系统的发射功率控制(TRANSMIT POWERCONTROL FOR A WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM)”的美国实用新型专利申请案12/249,861,所述两个申请案的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
示范性通信机制和协议的细节可参看2008年10月10日申请的标题为“无线电力环境中的信令充电(SIGNALING CHARGING IN WIRELESS POWERENVIRONMENT)”的美国实用新型专利申请案12/249,866,所述申请案的内容的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
图7到图17说明主机装置400,其具有发射电路(例如,图4的发射电路202)和可操作地耦合到其且经配置以在相关联的近场区内无线地发射电力的至少一个发射天线402。注意,发射电路和相关联的一个或一个以上发射天线在本文中还可称为“充电设备”、“充电平台”或“主机装置外围设备”。因此,主机装置外围设备经配置以耦合到主机装置。尽管在图7到图17中将主机装置400描绘为膝上型计算机,但并非如此限制本发明的实施例。而是,主机装置400可包含任何已知且合适的电子装置。
发射天线402可以任何合适的方式和在任何合适的位置处耦合到主机装置400。举例来说,如图7和图8中所说明,发射天线402可耦合到主机装置400的盖子408(在图7和图8中的每一者中经说明为处于“打开”位置)。更具体来说,参看图7,发射天线402可邻近于盖子408的表面406而定位,其中表面406与具有显示屏幕的表面(未图示)相对。作为另一实例,如图8中所说明,发射天线402可定位于盖子408的另一表面410周围且邻近于所述表面410,其中表面410实质上垂直于表面406和具有显示屏幕的表面(未图示)中的每一者。作为又一实例,如图9中所说明,发射天线402可邻近于主机装置400的底座414的表面412而定位,其中表面412可邻近于主机装置400的键盘416。注意,发射天线402可以一方式耦合到主机装置400,以便避免发射天线402与主机装置400的任何金属组件(例如,主机装置400的金属显示器)之间的电子干扰。进一步注意,尽管图7到图9说明具有耦合到其的单一发射天线的主机装置400,但并非如此限制本发明的实施例。而是,具有多个发射天线的主机装置在本发明的范围内。
图10说明具有发射天线402的主机装置400,所述发射天线402耦合到所述主机装置400且邻近于盖子408的表面406而定位,所述盖子408在图10中经描绘为处于“闭合”位置。此外,电子装置420可定位于表面406上且处于发射天线402的近场区内,且因此可接收由发射天线402无线地发射的电力。更具体来说,从发射天线402发射的电力可由接收天线(例如,图2的接收天线118)和接收器(例如,图2的接收器108)接收,所述接收器耦合到电子装置420。注意,如本文中所使用的术语“电子装置”可包含具有可充电电池的可充电装置,或可包含经配置以由无线电力独立地供电的装置。
图11说明包括附接装置422的主机装置400,所述附接装置422经配置以使一个或一个以上电子装置(例如,电子装置420)能够机械地附接到主机装置400的盖子408且定位于发射天线402的近场内。仅举例来说,附接装置422可包含固定联结板(strap),所述固定联结板经配置以附接到盖子408和电子装置420中的每一者,且因此将盖子408与电子装置420附接在一起。作为另一实例,电子装置420可包括经配置以附接到附接装置422的夹子或搭扣(未图示),所述附接装置422耦合到盖子408。作为又一实例,盖子408和电子装置420中的每一者可包括垫,以使得盖子408与电子装置420能够附接在一起。另外,如图12中所说明,主机装置400可包括口袋424,所述口袋424靠近盖子408而定位且经配置以靠近盖子408且在发射天线402的近场内固持一个或一个以上电子装置(例如,电子装置420)。另外,如图13中所说明,一个或一个以上电子装置(例如,电子装置420)可定位于底座414的表面412上且处于发射天线402的近场区内,所述发射天线402邻近于表面412而定位。
图14和图15说明附接到主机装置400的充电垫426。具体来说,图14说明邻近于盖子408的表面406(见图7)而定位的充电垫426。另外,图15说明处于远离表面406而向下折叠位置中的充电垫426。根据一个示范性实施例,充电垫426可以一方式附接到主机装置400以使充电垫426能够围绕主机装置400的底座414枢转。更具体来说,充电垫426可经配置而以一类似于盖子408(但独立于盖子408)的方式围绕底座414枢转。根据另一示范性实施例,充电垫426可经配置以从主机装置400的一部分滑出和缩回到主机装置400的所述部分中。此外,充电垫426可包含耦合到主机装置400且经配置以接收来自主机装置400的电力的发射天线403。如图15中所说明,电子装置420可定位于充电垫426的内表面(即,经配置以邻接表面406的表面)上,且可接收从发射天线403无线地发射的电力。注意,电子装置420还可定位于充电垫426的外表面(即,与经配置以邻接表面406的表面相对的表面)上,且可接收从发射天线403无线地发射的电力。
图16和图17各自说明充电系统500,其包括经配置以可操作地耦合到电源(例如,主机装置400)且接收来自所述电源的电力的充电垫502。更具体来说,充电垫502可包括可操作地耦合到其的一个或一个以上发射天线503,且可经配置以用于经由电连接器506可操作地耦合到电源(例如,主机装置400)。作为非限制性实例,电连接器506可包含经配置以耦合到主机装置400的电连接器(例如,USB端口或外部电力插头)的可装卸电力线。图16说明与主机装置400电去耦的充电垫502,且图17说明经由电连接器506而电耦合到主机装置400的充电垫502。尽管将充电垫502说明为平面充电垫,但并非如此限制本发明的实施例。而是,具有任何形状(包括三维对象)的充电垫在本发明的范围内。另外,如图17中所说明,一个或一个以上电子装置(例如,电子装置420)可定位于充电垫502的表面上,且可接收从发射天线503无线地发射的电力。
图18说明根据本发明的另一示范性实施例的便携式主机装置外围设备550。主机装置外围设备550可包括无线电力发射器(例如,图4的发射器200)和无线电力接收器(例如,图5的接收器300)两者。因此,主机装置外围设备550可包括专用发射与接收电路和至少一个天线551,所述至少一个天线551经配置以在相关联的近场区内无线地发射电力。注意,发射与接收电路连同相关联的天线在本文中可称为“无线电力充电设备”。结果,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以用于双向无线充电,即,接收无线电力与发射无线电力的能力。此双向无线充电的示范性方法描述于2009年9月1日申请的标题为“双向无线电力发射(BIDIRECTIONALWIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION)”的第12/552,110号美国专利申请案中,所述申请案的细节以引用的方式并入本文中。无线电力装置550可进一步包含能量存储装置552,能量存储装置552可包含(仅举例来说)可充电电池、存储电容器、MEMS能量存储装置或其任何组合。
根据一示范性实施例,主机装置外围设备550经配置以耦合到主机装置。举例来说,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以用于到主机装置(例如(仅举例来说),计算机)的电耦合和机械耦合两者。仅举例来说,参看图19,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以用于插入(由箭头555描绘)电子装置556的标准空腔554(例如,驱动舱(drive bay))内,所述电子装置556在本文中还可称为“主机装置”。作为更特定实例,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以定位于膝上型计算机的驱动舱内且附接到所述驱动舱。另外,如所属领域的技术人员将理解,驱动舱(例如,空腔554)可包括电端口,所述电端口经配置以经由电连接器562将定位于其中的装置(例如,无线电力装置550)电耦合到能量存储装置558。仅举例来说,能量存储装置558可包含可充电电池、存储电容器、MEMS能量存储装置或其任何组合。注意,根据一个示范性实施例,主机装置外围设备550可集成于电子装置内。根据另一示范性实施例,如上文所提及,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以插入于主机装置内且可从所述主机装置卸下。
图20说明无线系统560,其具有定位于电子装置556的空腔554内的主机装置外围设备550。另外,如所说明,主机装置外围设备550可经由电连接器562可操作地耦合到能量存储装置558。此外,根据一个示范性实施例,无线系统560可包括电源565,所述电源565在电子装置556外部且经配置以经由电连接器566将电力输送到电子装置556。仅举例来说,电源565可包含电源插座。在图20中所描绘的示范性实施例中,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以经由电连接器566和562接收电力。另外,在接收到电力后,无线电力装置550可经配置以即刻将电力存储于能量存储装置552(见图18)内。根据另一示范性实施例,如图21中所说明,另一无线系统561可包括发射天线553,发射天线553经配置以无线地发射电力,所述电力可由主机装置外围设备550的天线551(见图16)接收。在接收到电力后,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以即刻将电力存储于能量存储装置552(见图18)内,将电力输送到能量存储装置558,或其任何组合。另外,如图22中所说明,在主机装置外围设备550与主机装置(例如,电子装置556)去耦的示范性实施例中,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以无线地接收来自发射天线553的电力且将电力存储于能量存储装置552内。
如图23中所说明,且根据另一示范性实施例,主机装置外围设备550可包括可展开部分564。因此,在将主机装置外围设备550定位于电子装置556的空腔554内之后,部分564可经配置以从电子装置556伸出(即,在向外方向上展开)。换句话说,主机装置外围设备550的部分564可以类似于CD驱动器的一部分或DVD驱动器的一部分会从相关联的计算机“弹出”的方式从电子装置556弹出。注意,主机装置外围设备550的部分564可包括天线551(见图18)。因此,主机装置外围设备550的部分564可经配置以将电力无线地发射到定位于天线551的近场区内的另一电子装置(例如,移动电话)。注意,部分564可包括经配置以用于将一个或一个以上电子装置定位于其上的表面。提供经配置以用于插入主机结构内且具有经配置以用于无线地发射电力的可展开部分的充电装置可减少耦合到所述部分的无线天线与主机结构之间的非所要的耦合。
根据图24中所说明的示范性实施例,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以接收来自电源565、能量存储装置558、能量存储装置552(见图18)或其任何组合的电力,且将电力无线地发射到一个或一个以上电子装置570,所述一个或一个以上电子装置570定位于天线551(见图18)的相关联的近场区内。更具体来说,仅举例来说,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以将电力无线地发射到定位于部分564的表面上的一个或一个以上电子装置570。另外,根据图25中所描绘的另一示范性实施例,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以接收来自发射天线553、能量存储装置558、能量存储装置552(见图18)或其任何组合的电力,且将电力无线地发射到定位于天线551(见图18)的相关联的近场区内的一个或一个以上电子装置570。另外,在图25中所描绘的示范性实施例中,无线电力装置可经配置以将从发射天线553接收到的电力输送到能量存储装置558、能量存储装置552(见图18)或其任何组合。
此外,在图26中所说明的示范性实施例中,主机装置外围设备550可经配置以将存储于能量存储装置552(见图18)中的电力无线地发射到一个或一个以上电子装置570、将电力提供到能量存储装置558,或其任何组合。此外,如图27中所说明,主机装置外围设备550(其经描绘为与电子装置(即,电子装置556)去耦)可将存储于能量存储装置552(见图18)中的电力无线地发射到定位于天线551的近场区内的一个或一个以上电子装置570。另外,参看图28,主机装置外围设备550(其经描绘为与电子装置(即,电子装置556)去耦)可经配置以接收来自发射天线553、能量存储装置552(见图18)或其任何组合的电力,且将电力无线地发射到定位于天线551的相关联的近场区内的一个或一个以上电子装置570。此外,在图28中所描绘的示范性实施例中,从发射天线553无线地发射的电力可存储于能量存储装置552内。
图29为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的方法680的流程图。方法680可包括将主机装置外围设备电耦合到主机装置(由数字682描绘)。方法680可进一步包括将电力从主机装置外围设备发射到至少一个可充电电池(由数字684描绘)。
如所属领域的技术人员将理解,电子装置(例如,充电装置)可经配置以在各种模式下操作,所述模式例如(仅举例来说)为,“活动”模式、“待机”模式、“休眠”模式或“充电”模式。此外,如所属领域的技术人员将理解,当在电力节省模式(例如,“待机”模式或“休眠”模式)下操作时,常规的充电装置可不经配置以检测靠近其而定位或耦合到其的电子装置的存在。
根据本发明的示范性实施例,充电装置可经配置以检测电子装置且在检测到电子装置后从电力节省模式转变到充电模式。更具体来说,充电设备或装置(例如,图7到图17中所说明的电子装置400)可经配置以在电力节省模式下操作的同时检测电子装置(例如,图10的电子装置420)的存在。而且,再具体来说,当在电力节省模式(例如(仅举例来说),“待机”模式、“休眠”模式或其任何组合)下操作时,充电装置可经配置以检测定位于相关联的近场区内或经由有线连接耦合到其的电子装置的存在。
仅举例来说,可经由充电装置的发射天线(例如,发射天线402,见图7)与在电子装置内且经配置以用于接收无线电力的天线(未图示)之间的近场通信来检测电子装置的存在。作为另一实例,充电装置可经配置以检测连接到电子装置的射频识别(RFID)标签的存在。作为又一实例,充电装置可经配置以在电子装置经由有线连接器而电耦合到充电装置之后即刻检测电子装置的存在。
图30说明经配置以用于在于电力节省模式下操作的同时检测电子装置的存在的充电装置的状态机图900。此外,在图30中还说明与所述充电装置相关联的发射器(例如,图4的发射器202)的状态机图902。根据图30中所说明的一个示范性实施例,当充电装置在电力节省模式910下操作时,相关联的发射器可保持在正常操作状态912下,且因此可经配置以根据任何已知且合适的方法来检测定位于相关联的近场区内的电子装置的存在。在检测到电子装置之后,充电装置可即刻从电力节省模式910转变到充电模式916。
图31说明经配置以用于在电力节省模式下操作的同时检测电子装置的存在的充电装置的另一状态机图920。此外,在图31中还说明与所述充电装置相关联的发射器(例如,图4的发射器202)的状态机图922。根据另一示范性实施例,当在电力节省模式924下操作时,充电装置可经配置以周期性地进入“检测”状态中,在所述“检测”状态中,相关联的发射器可从电力节省模式930临时转变到正常操作状态932中。因此,当在正常操作状态932中时,发射器可根据任何已知且合适的方法来检测定位于相关联的近场区内的电子装置的存在。在检测到电子装置后,充电装置可即刻从电力节省模式924转变到充电模式926。
图32为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的另一方法690的流程图。方法690可包括用充电装置检测至少一个电子装置(由数字692描绘)。此外,方法690可包括在检测到所述至少一个电子装置后即刻将所述充电装置从电力节省模式切换到充电模式(由数字694描绘)。
所属领域的技术人员应理解,可使用多种不同技术和技艺中的任一者来表示信息和信号。举例来说,可通过电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁性粒子、光场或光学粒子或其任何组合来表示可在整个上述描述中所参考的数据、指令、命令、信息、信号、位、符号和码片。
所属领域的技术人员应进一步了解,结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例而描述的各种说明性逻辑块、模块、电路和算法步骤可实施为电子硬件、计算机软件或两者的组合。为了清楚地说明硬件与软件的此互换性,上文已大体上在其功能性方面描述了各种说明性组件、块、模块、电路和步骤。将此功能性实施为硬件还是软件视特定应用和强加于整个系统的设计约束而定。所属领域的技术人员可针对每一特定应用以不同方式实施所描述的功能性,但此些实施决策不应被解释为会导致偏离本发明的示范性实施例的范围。
可用通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件或其经设计以执行本文中所描述的功能的任何组合来实施或执行结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例而描述的各种说明性逻辑块、模块和电路。通用处理器可为微处理器,但在替代方案中,处理器可为任何常规的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。还可将处理器实施为计算装置的组合,例如,DSP与微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、结合DSP核心的一个或一个以上微处理器,或任何其它此类配置。
结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例而描述的方法或算法的步骤可直接以硬件、以由处理器执行的软件模块,或以所述两者的组合来体现。软件模块可驻留于随机存取存储器(RAM)、快闪存储器、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、可装卸磁盘、CD-ROM或此项技术中已知的任何其它形式的存储媒体中。将示范性存储媒体耦合到处理器,以使得所述处理器可从所述存储媒体读取信息,并可将信息写入到所述存储媒体。在替代方案中,存储媒体可与处理器成一体式。处理器和存储媒体可驻留于ASIC中。ASIC可驻留于用户终端中。在替代方案中,处理器和存储媒体可作为离散组件而驻留于用户终端中。
在一个或一个以上示范性实施例中,可以硬件、软件、固件或其任何组合来实施所描述的功能。如果以软件来实施,则可将所述功能作为一个或一个以上指令或代码而存储于计算机可读媒体上或经由计算机可读媒体进行传输。计算机可读媒体包括计算机存储媒体与通信媒体两者,通信媒体包括促进将计算机程序从一处传递到另一处的任何媒体。存储媒体可为可由计算机存取的任何可用媒体。以实例且非限制的方式,此计算机可读媒体可包含RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其它光盘存储装置、磁盘存储装置或其它磁性存储装置,或可用于以指令或数据结构的形式载运或存储所要程序代码且可由计算机存取的任何其它媒体。而且,适当地将任何连接称为计算机可读媒体。举例来说,如果使用同轴电缆、光纤电缆、双绞线、数字订户线(DSL)或例如红外线、无线电和微波等无线技术从网站、服务器或其它远程源传输软件,则同轴电缆、光纤电缆、双绞线、DSL或例如红外线、无线电和微波等无线技术包括在媒体的定义中。如本文中所使用,磁盘和光盘包括压缩光盘(CD)、激光光盘、光盘、数字多功能光盘(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光盘,其中磁盘通常以磁方式再现数据,而光盘用激光以光学方式再现数据。上述各者的组合也应包括在计算机可读媒体的范围内。
提供对所揭示的示范性实施例的先前描述以使得所属领域的技术人员能够制作或使用本发明。所属领域的技术人员将明白对这些示范性实施例的各种修改,且可在不偏离本发明的精神或范围的情况下将本文中所界定的一般原理应用于其它实施例。因此,本发明无意限于本文中所展示的示范性实施例,而将赋予本发明与本文中所揭示的原理和新颖特征一致的最广范围。

Claims (59)

1.一种用于无线电力充电的设备,其包含:
发射电路;
具有环形天线的发射天线,所述发射天线耦合到包含能量存储装置的充电装置,并经配置以从所述充电装置接收电力且无线地发射所接收的电力;以及
接收电路,其经配置以经由所述发射天线无线地接收电力,并使用所述无线地接收的电力对所述能量存储装置进行充电,所述发射电路经配置以:
周期性地在电力节省模式与正常操作模式之间转变,
当在所述正常操作模式中操作时,检测电子装置的存在;以及
转变回所述电力节省模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线进一步经配置以从外部电源接收电力,所述外部电源连接到所述充电装置且在所述充电装置与所述设备的外部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射电路包含在主机装置外围设备中,且经配置以定位于所述充电装置的空腔内。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备,其中所述主机装置外围设备经配置以定位于驱动舱内,所述空腔包含所述驱动舱。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线经配置以将电力无线地发射到远程电子装置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射电路包含在主机装置外围设备中,且被集成到所述充电装置中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,所述主机装置外围设备包含经配置以从所述充电装置延伸的部分,所述部分包含所述环形天线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射电路包含在主机装置外围设备中,且可从所述充电装置卸下。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射电路进一步经配置以在所述充电装置正在电力节省模式中操作时检测电子装置的存在,且其中所述充电装置经配置以响应于所述发射电路对所述电子装置的所述检测而从所述电力节省模式转变到充电模式。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线耦合到所述充电装置的外表面。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,所述主机装置外围设备包含耦合到所述充电装置的所述外表面的附接装置,所述附接装置经配置以将所述电子装置附接到所述充电装置的所述外表面。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,所述主机装置外围设备包含耦合到所述充电装置的所述外表面的接受器,所述接受器经配置以接纳并紧固所述电子装置。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线耦合到所述充电装置的盖子的一部分。
14.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,所述主机装置外围设备包含充电垫。
15.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,所述主机装置外围设备经配置以机械地耦合到所述充电装置,且进一步经配置以围绕所述充电装置的底座枢转。
16.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,且位于所述充电装置的一部分内,且经配置以从所述部分展开并返回到所述充电装置的所述部分中。
17.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线耦合到所述充电装置的底座的表面。
18.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线经配置以放置成环绕所述充电装置的一部分的圆周,所述圆周由所述充电装置的外部尺寸确定。
19.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线的特征在于形成正方形的形状。
20.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述环形天线的特征在于与由所述充电装置的外部尺寸确定的形状相符的形状。
21.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,且进一步经配置以电耦合到可充电电池,所述能量存储装置包含所述可充电电池。
22.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述发射天线包含在主机装置外围设备中,且进一步经配置以电耦合到膝上型计算机,所述充电装置包含所述膝上型计算机。
23.一种无线电力充电的方法,其包含:
将包含能量存储装置的充电装置电耦合到包含发射电路以及具有环形天线的发射天线的主机装置外围设备;
经由无线场无线地接收电力;
用无线地接收的所述电力对所述能量存储装置进行充电;
在所述主机装置外围设备处从所述能量存储装置接收电力;
从所述主机装置外围设备无线地发射电力;
周期性地使所述发射电路在电力节省模式与正常操作模式之间转变;
当在所述正常操作模式中操作时,检测电子装置的存在;以及
使所述发射电路转变回所述电力节省模式。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中无线地接收电力包含使用所述发射天线从所述无线场无线地接收电力。
25.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其进一步包含将所述主机装置外围设备机械地耦合于所述充电装置的空腔内。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法,其进一步包含展开所述主机装置外围设备的一部分以从所述充电装置延伸。
27.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中从所述主机装置外围设备无线地发射电力包含将电力从所述主机装置外围设备无线地发射到定位于所述主机装置外围设备的表面上的所述电子装置。
28.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其进一步包含:
检测电子装置的存在;以及
在检测到所述电子装置的所述存在之后即刻将所述充电装置从电力节省模式切换到充电模式。
29.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中检测包含经由近场通信来检测所述电子装置的所述存在。
30.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中检测包含检测连接到所述电子装置的射频识别(RFID)标签。
31.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中将所述充电装置从所述电力节省模式切换到所述充电模式包含将所述充电装置从待机模式和休眠模式中的至少一者切换到充电模式。
32.一种用于无线电力充电的设备,其包含:
用于将主机装置外围设备电耦合到充电装置的装置,所述充电装置包含能量存储装置;
用于无线地接收电力且用于使用所述无线地接收的电力对所述能量存储装置进行充电的装置;
用于在所述主机装置外围设备处从所述能量存储装置接收电力的装置及用于无线地发射从所述能量存储装置接收的电力的装置;
用于使所述用于接收电力的装置及所述用于无线地发射从所述能量存储装置接收的电力的装置周期性地在电力节省模式与正常操作模式之间转变的装置;
用于当在所述正常操作模式中操作时检测电子装置的存在的装置;以及
用于使所述用于接收电力的装置以及用于无线地发射从所述能量存储装置接收的电力的装置转变回所述电力节省模式的装置。
33.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力的装置及用于无线地发射从所述能量存储装置接收的电力的装置进一步经配置以无线地接收电力。
34.根据权利要求33所述的设备,其中所述用于无线地接收电力且用于对所述能量存储装置进行充电的装置包含所述用于接收电力的装置及所述用于无线地发射电力的装置。
35.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于电耦合的装置经配置以在所述充电装置的空腔内将所述主机装置外围设备机械地耦合到所述充电装置。
36.根据权利要求35所述的设备,其中所述用于电耦合的装置经配置以将所述主机装置外围设备机械地耦合到所述充电装置的驱动舱,其中所述空腔包含所述驱动舱。
37.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于展开所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置的一部分以从所述充电装置延伸的装置。
38.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以无线地发射到定位于所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置上的电子装置。
39.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以检测电子装置的存在,且所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置进一步经配置以在检测到所述电子装置的所述存在之后即刻将所述充电装置从电力节省模式切换到充电模式的装置。
40.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以经由近场通信来检测所述电子装置的所述存在。
41.根据权利要求39所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以通过检测连接到所述电子装置的射频识别(RFID)标签来检测所述电子装置的所述存在。
42.根据权利要求39所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以通过将所述充电装置从待机模式和休眠模式中的至少一者切换到所述充电模式而将所述充电装置从所述电力节省模式切换到所述充电模式。
43.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以从连接到所述充电装置的外部电源接收电力,其中所述外部电源在所述充电装置的外部。
44.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置经配置以将电力无线地发射到远程电子装置。
45.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置被集成到所述充电装置中。
46.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述主机装置外围设备进一步经配置以从所述充电装置卸下。
47.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于将所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置耦合到所述充电装置的外表面的装置。
48.根据权利要求47所述的设备,其进一步包含用于将所述电子装置附接到所述充电装置的所述外表面的装置。
49.根据权利要求48所述的设备,其中所述用于附接的装置包含耦合到所述充电装置的所述外表面的接受器,所述接受器经配置以接纳并紧固所述电子装置。
50.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于将所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置耦合到所述充电装置的盖子的一部分的装置。
51.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置包含充电垫。
52.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于将所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置机械地耦合到所述充电装置的装置,和用于使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置围绕所述充电装置的底座枢转的装置。
53.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置从所述充电装置的一部分展开并使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置返回到所述部分中的装置。
54.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于使所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置耦合到所述充电装置的底座的表面的装置。
55.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其进一步包含用于将所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置定位成环绕所述充电装置的一部分的圆周的装置,所述圆周由所述充电装置的外部尺寸确定。
56.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置的特征在于形成正方形的形状。
57.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于接收电力且用于无线地发射电力的装置的特征在于与由所述充电装置的外部尺寸确定的形状相符的形状。
58.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于电耦合的装置经配置以将所述主机装置外围设备连接到包含可充电电池的所述充电装置,所述能量存储装置包含所述可充电电池。
59.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其中所述用于电耦合的装置经配置以将所述主机装置外围设备连接到膝上型计算机,所述充电装置包含所述膝上型计算机。
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