Background technology
Herba artemisiae ordosicae (
Artemisia ordosicaKrasch.), be the composite family sagebruss, be commonly called as oily wormwood artemisia.Herba artemisiae ordosicae is a undershrub, and plant height 50-80cm belongs to phreatophyte.Main root is thick and most, wooden, root-like stock is sturdy.The acrial part branch is intensive, softness is crawled, it is long-pending husky to be convenient to, and the vegetative period of holding concurrently again is long, sand-fixing effect is fine.
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae herb all can be used as medicine, and is usually used in scattered inflammatory swelling, the sharp gas of wide chest, desinsection and hemostasis, can treat diseases such as rheumatic arthritis, parotitis, scabies redness, abdominal distension, intestinal obstruction, renal shutdown.
Its branches and leaves are capable of using as feed, achene edible, medicinal, industrial, and distribution is wide, quantity is big, has important resource and is worth and environmental functional.Energy drought resisting anti-blown sand, weatherproof are one of the important herbage on desert area cold season grassland, also are good sand-fixation plants.Be distributed in provinces and regions such as the Inner Mongol, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang.Be in typical grassland and desert steppe band, also come across steppification desert band.It is moving, semifixed to fixing sand ground to be born in mobile, semi-fluid, is one of the Main Constructive Species of sand ground vegetation and sociales.
The extraction that the research of Herba artemisiae ordosicae at present mainly concentrates on its chemical composition with separate, the Herba artemisiae ordosicae chemical composition of open report is based on essential oil and flavonoids, flavonoids is with cerasine, isosakuranetin, eriodictyol-7-methyl ether, 5,7,2
', 4
'-tetrahydroxy-6,5
'-dimethoxy flavones etc. are main, and essential oil is then with fragrant magnolol, and trans-β-ocimene is main; Herba artemisiae ordosicae plant extract microbic activity mainly contains analgesia and anti-inflammatory activity, hypoglycemic activity, anticonvulsant action, antitumor action, antioxidation activity, diuresis and anti parasitic activity etc., according to the data-searching that the applicant did, the application of Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract on agricultural chemicals do not appear in the newspapers as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of bactericide and method thereof of utilizing the plant Herba artemisiae ordosicae for feedstock production is provided, do not contain any chemical pesticide composition,, use the back pathogen to be difficult for developing immunity to drugs the people, animal low toxicity.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide is characterized in that, this Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide that makes is a main component and to add auxiliary agent formulated by the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract, and the preparation form is microemulsion or aqueous emulsion, wherein:
Described microemulsion is prepared by following raw materials by weight:
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract: 10~30%, organic solvent: 0~20%, surfactant: 10~30%, antifreezing agent: 4~10%, surplus is a water, the percentage by weight sum of raw material is 100%;
Described aqueous emulsion is prepared by following raw materials by weight:
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract: 10%~50%, organic solvent: 0~30%, surfactant: 5%~20%, antifreezing agent: 4%~10%, thickener: 0.2~1%; Surplus is a water, and the percentage by weight sum of raw material is 100%.
Described Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract is that root, stem, leaf, the pollen of Herba artemisiae ordosicae is broken, and with extracting solvent extraction, extract obtains through concentrating.
Described organic solvent is one or more the mixture in ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, ethanol, methyl alcohol, the dimethyl formamide;
Described surfactant is one or more a mixture in the addition product, aralkyl phenol polyethenoxy ether formaldehyde condensation products of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ethers, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether polyoxypropylene ethers and similar substance, castor oil and oxirane;
Described antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or propane diols;
Described thickener is one or more the mixture in polyvinyl alcohol, xanthans, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the Magnesiumaluminumsilicate.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
A, the ordos wormwood root with drying, stem, leaf and pollen are broken, cross 40 mesh sieves;
B, with 3~4 times of ethyl acetate solvents to Herba artemisiae ordosicae crushed material quality, under refluxad extract, extract 60~70 ℃ of temperature, extract 8h;
C, with the method for vacuum concentration, with the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract be concentrated into the Herba artemisiae ordosicae raw meal mince wait heavy, the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract;
D, in reactor, according to the bactericidal microemulsion proportional quantity Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract, organic solvent, surfactant, antifreezing agent and water are mixed, in reactor, stir transparently, promptly get microemulsion through quality inspection;
E. according to proportional quantity Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract, organic solvent, surfactant, antifreezing agent, thickener and water are mixed, divide diffusingly in the effect lactogenesis of high-speed shearing machine,, promptly make aqueous emulsion through after the quality inspection.
Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide of the present invention is a kind of novel bactericide, and tomato in plastic greenhouse gray mold and cucumber downy mildew are had the better prevention effect, is desirable nuisanceless bactericide.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, Herba artemisiae ordosicae is a natural active matter, derives from nature, has formed intrinsic energy and material cyclic metabolic pathway in the evolution of long period of time process, so use the back noresidue, can not cause biological concentration; Easily degraded in environment is to mammal low toxicities such as people and animals, to pest natural enemy and other beneficial organism safety.
2, the formulation that is adopted is mainly microemulsion, aqueous emulsion etc., without aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as dimethylbenzene, greatly reduces environment damage, has reduced in the dispenser process murder by poisoning to operator.
3, photostability raising, lasting period suit, and can reduce dispenser frequency and control cost, and help further alleviating the pressure to environment.
4, the mechanism of action to phytopathogen is different from conventional pesticide, uses the back pathogen to be difficult for developing immunity to drugs.Not only tomato in plastic greenhouse gray mold and cucumber downy mildew are had the better prevention effect, also common germ has tangible control efficiency on the gourd, fruit and vegetable to outdoor cropping, has very big application and popularization value in organic farm products production.
Embodiment
The applicant is on the basis that various feverfew bactericidal activities are extensively screened; find the bactericidal activity of Herba artemisiae ordosicae; its extract shows higher bacteriostatic activity to the various plants disease fungus; can prevent that under condition of living body pathogen to the infecting of crops, having good protective action to crops.
For a more clear understanding of the present invention and the drug effect of medicament of the present invention, below the specific embodiment of finishing according to technical solution of the present invention that provides by the inventor the present invention is described in further detail, these only are the present invention embodiment preferably, but are not limited to these embodiment.Need to prove that in following embodiment, organic solvent can be one or more the mixture in ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, ethanol, methyl alcohol, the dimethyl formamide; Surfactant can be one or more a mixture in the addition product, aralkyl phenol polyethenoxy ether formaldehyde condensation products of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ethers, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether polyoxypropylene ethers and similar substance, castor oil and oxirane; Antifreezing agent can be ethylene glycol or propane diols; Thickener can be one or more the mixture in polyvinyl alcohol, xanthans, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the Magnesiumaluminumsilicate.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract
Ordos wormwood root, stem, leaf and the pollen of drying is broken, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing 100kg Herba artemisiae ordosicae crushed material in the refluxing extraction still, add ethyl acetate 300kg, be heated to 76 ℃, extract 8h; Filter; Filtrate is concentrated into 100kg, promptly gets the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract
Ordos wormwood root, stem, leaf and the pollen of drying is broken, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing 100kg Herba artemisiae ordosicae crushed material in the refluxing extraction still, add methyl alcohol 300kg, be heated to 76 ℃, extract 8h; Filter; Filtrate is concentrated into 100kg, promptly gets the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of Herba artemisiae ordosicae disinfectant aqueous emulsion
Take by weighing Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract 25kg,, under agitation add polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether phosphate 20kg, stir, add deionized water 50kg with methyl alcohol 5kg dissolving, get final product 100kg Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion
Embodiment 4: the preparation of Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide microemulsion
Take by weighing Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract 25kg and 20kg polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether phosphate, be dissolved in the 5kg methyl alcohol, above solution is heated to 40 ℃ in homogenizer, add deionized water 50kg under the high-speed stirred; Dropwise, stir 45min again, cooling promptly gets the Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericidal microemulsion.
EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1: the Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract is to the inhibition determination of activity of phytopathogen
This experiment has been measured the inhibition activity of Herba artemisiae ordosicae extract to phytopathogen under isolated condition, experimental technique and result of the test are as follows:
1.1 for the examination bacterial classification
Cucumber anthracnose, cucumber downy mildew, graw mold of tomato, early blight of tomato, tomato late blight provide by Nuisanceless Pesticide Research Service Center, Xibei Agroforestry Science and T.
1.2 test method
Above-mentioned Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion is adopted the test of exsomatizing of mycelial growth rate method, according to formula calculating inhibiting rate:
Mycelial growth inhibition rate=
* 100%
1.3 result of the test
Measured the Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion to virulence with growth rate method, thereby obtained its extract, the results are shown in Table 1 virulence for the examination pathogen for the examination pathogen
Table 1: the Herba artemisiae ordosicae active substance suppresses the virulence (72h) of mycelial growth
EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 2: Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion field control effectiveness test
2.1 reagent agent
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion, Nuisanceless Pesticide Research Service Center, Xibei Agroforestry Science and T provides.
70% aliette mancozeb wettable powder, commercially available.
2.2 for studying thing
Cucumber (
Cucumis sativus Linn.), kind is " grind No. four in Tianjin ".
2.3 controlling object
Cucumber downy mildew (
Pseudoperonospora cubensis).
2.4 the selection in test plot is handled with test
2.4.1 the selection in test plot
This test is located at booth vegetable base, Da Zhai, township village, Yangling District Yangchuan village, Shaanxi to be carried out, spring stubble plastic tent cucumber ground, and cucumber continuous cropping 3 years, soil fertility is medium;
2.4.2 test is handled and the sub-district design
Reagent agent be Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion 100 *, 200 *, 400 *; Contrast medicament 70% aliette MnZn 500 * and blank (clear water) totally five kinds of processing.Every kind of processing area is 27m
2, handle randomized arrangement at interval.
2.4.3 application method
Convert water yield 30kg by mu, carry out foliar spray with the MATABI knapsack hand sprayer.On the April 18th, 2011 of dispenser for the first time, dispenser for the second time on April 25.Temperature is on the low side in the duration of test booth, 28 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 17 ℃ of minimum temperatures.
2.4.4 investigation method
Every sub-district is got 4 investigation at random, looks into two strains at every, and whole blades are investigated in every strain.Investigation state of an illness radix before the dispenser for the first time carried out efficacy survey in 7 days respectively after 7 days and dispenser for the second time after the dispenser first time, and according to following grade scale record fruit incidence;
Stage division (is unit with the blade):
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6%-l0% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%-25% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 26%-50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole leaf area.
2.4.5 drug effect computational methods
Drug effect is calculated by formula (1), formula (2):
Control efficiency (%)=
(2)
In the formula
Disease index before the district's dispenser of CK0-blank;
Disease index after the district's dispenser of CK1-blank;
Disease index before the district's dispenser of PT0-chemicals treatment;
Disease index after the district's dispenser of PT1-chemicals treatment.
2.5 result and analysis
Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion control plastic tent cucumber downy mildew drug effect the results are shown in Table 2, investigation in 7 days after the dispenser for the first time of Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion, Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion 100 *, 200 *, 400 * preventive effect be 62.00%-73.86%, contrast medicament 70% aliette MnZn 500 * preventive effect is 70.81%, three of Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsions are handled preventive effect and all reached more than 60%, and are better than preventive effect with contrast medicament 70% aliette MnZn; For the second time 5 days investigation Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsions 100 after the dispenser *, 200 * preventive effect is higher than 80%, and is close with contrast medicament 70% aliette MnZn 500 * preventive effect.
Table 2: the Herba artemisiae ordosicae aqueous emulsion is to the control efficiency of plastic tent cucumber downy mildew
EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 3: Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion field control effectiveness test
3.1 reagent agent
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion: Nuisanceless Pesticide Research Service Center, Xibei Agroforestry Science and T provides.
Sukeling: 50% wetting powder, SUMITOMO CHEMICAL chemistry strain formula can product.
3.2 for studying thing and controlling object
For studying thing: tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill).
Controlling object: graw mold of tomato.
3.3 the selection in test plot is handled with test
3.3.1 the selection in test plot
This test is located at booth vegetable base, Da Zhai, township village, Yangling District Yangchuan village, Shaanxi to be carried out, spring stubble tomato in plastic greenhouse ground, and tomato continuous cropping 3 years, soil fertility is medium;
3.3.2 test is handled and the sub-district design
Reagent agent be Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion 100 *, 200 *, 400 *; Contrast medicament Sukeling 1000 * and blank (clear water) totally five kinds of processing.Every kind of processing area is 27m
2, handle randomized arrangement at interval.
3.3.3 application method
Convert water yield 30kg by mu, carry out foliar spray with the MATABI knapsack hand sprayer.On the February 17th, 2011 of dispenser for the first time, dispenser for the second time on February 22.Temperature is on the low side in the duration of test booth, 22 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 12 ℃ of minimum temperatures.Humidity height in the canopy.
3.3.4 investigation method
5 samplings of every processing diagonal, every is selected 3 strains at random, and 3 fruits are selected in totally 15 strains, every strain at random from last.Investigation state of an illness radix before the dispenser for the first time carried out efficacy survey in 5 days respectively after 5 days and dispenser for the second time after the dispenser first time, and according to following grade scale record fruit incidence;
The killed stage division of tamato fruit (is unit with the fruit):
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: residual petal morbidity or column cap morbidity;
3 grades: overstate that sheet rots or the column cap morbidity spreads to areola portion;
5 grades: areola portion has the spot of infiltration not have mould layer;
7 grades: there is mould layer in areola portion but does not expand to other positions;
9 grades: mould layer expands to other positions of fruit.
3.3.5 drug effect computational methods
Drug effect is calculated by formula (1), formula (2):
Control efficiency (%)=
(2)
In the formula:
Disease index before the district's dispenser of CK0-blank;
Disease index after the district's dispenser of CK1-blank;
Disease index before the district's dispenser of PT0-chemicals treatment;
Disease index after the district's dispenser of PT1-chemicals treatment.
3.4 result and analysis
The Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion is prevented and treated tomato in plastic greenhouse gray mold drug effect and be the results are shown in Table 3, investigation in 7 days after the dispenser for the first time of Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion, Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion 100 *, 200 *, 400 * preventive effect be 51.12%-69.47%, contrast medicament Sukeling 1000 * preventive effect is 66.86%, and is better than preventive effect with contrast medicament aliette MnZn; 5 days investigation Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion 100 * preventive effects are higher than 80% after the dispenser for the second time, and are close with contrast medicament Sukeling 1000 * preventive effect.
Table 3: the Herba artemisiae ordosicae microemulsion is to the control efficiency of tomato in plastic greenhouse grey mold
Comprehensive field control effectiveness test; the Herba artemisiae ordosicae bactericide is when preventing and treating tomato in plastic greenhouse gray mold and cucumber downy mildew; suitable with contrast medicament Sukeling; simultaneously; plant resource kills equal agent and has certain lasting period; and environmentally friendly, therefore very suitable in protection ground growing vegetables, have very big application and popularization value.