CN102264529A - 制作袋的方法和装置 - Google Patents

制作袋的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102264529A
CN102264529A CN2009801530214A CN200980153021A CN102264529A CN 102264529 A CN102264529 A CN 102264529A CN 2009801530214 A CN2009801530214 A CN 2009801530214A CN 200980153021 A CN200980153021 A CN 200980153021A CN 102264529 A CN102264529 A CN 102264529A
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China
Prior art keywords
film
light emitter
lasing light
bag
workbench
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CN2009801530214A
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Inventor
菲利普·卡拉奥尔特
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Getinge Life Science France SAS
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Getinge la Calhene SAS
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于使用由相同材料制成的两个成叠薄膜来制作柔性袋的装置，所述装置包含用于在所述两个薄膜之间产生焊缝的激光源。所述两个薄膜有利地由载有乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的聚乙烯制成。所述装置进一步包括切割构件。

Description

制作袋的方法和装置
技术领域和背景技术
本发明涉及一种制作柔性袋的迅速且可靠的方法，或更一般地说，涉及一种制作柔性容器的方法，并且本发明涉及一种执行此制作袋的方法的装置。
举例而言，所讨论的袋是用来容纳需要与外部环境隔离的物体。这些物体可以为意在被从制药或农业综合企业工业的生产线上卸下的无菌组件(例如，封闭器、瓶子、注射器)或者是来自制造药品的方法、农业综合企业或核工业的废弃物。因此，袋需要具有高产品品质，而同时具有降低的成本价格。
这些袋是通过使用高频焊接机来组装由柔性塑料制成的两个薄膜而形成。
广为人知的制作这样的袋的方法包含以下步骤：
-使用模板用切割工具(具有切刀类型)从管形薄膜人工地切下两个薄膜，
-使用高频焊接机人工地且相继地接合两个薄膜。
目前方法不能够形成复杂形状。此外，目前方法不可能保证袋的整个周边上的焊缝的规则性，这种状况不利地影响其视觉外观且可能被认为袋为品质低劣的，尽管其是被完美地密封。事实上，操作人员不得不人工地移动焊接机或两个薄膜，以在袋周围产生焊缝。
由于人工地执行焊接，所以其品质视操作人员的经验而定。
此外，周期时间长且工作条件艰难。
因此，本发明的目标在于提供制作柔性袋以及提供视觉外观得到改进的袋的迅速且简单的方法。
发明内容
通过一种制作袋的方法来达到上述目标，在所述方法中，通过激光焊来获得由相同材料制成的两个薄膜的接合。
制造因此迅速且焊缝规则。事实上，激光焊使产生连续焊缝成为可能。
以尤其有利的方式，薄膜的材料为聚乙烯(polyethylene；PE)与乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Ethyl Vinyl Acetate或EVA)的混合物，其中EVA的比例介于13.5质量％与18质量％之间，材料或者为聚氨基甲酸酯(polyurethane；PU)。
本发明的另一标的为一种制作袋的装置，其包含激光焊接站，激光源根据给定程序自动移动。
以有利的方式，也提供自动切割站，以在焊接之后根据所要的袋形状来切割管形薄膜。因此，本发明具有避免借助于用于切割的模板的优点。
因此，本发明的主要目的在于使用激光源来焊接两个成叠的薄膜，以制造密封的柔性袋，所述薄膜由相同塑料材料制成。
举例而言，薄膜中的每一个的厚度介于200μm与300μm之间。
有利地，两个薄膜来自管形薄膜，所述管形薄膜有助于将所述两个薄膜放置在适当的位置，因为所述两个薄膜是通过其侧向边缘彼此接合。此外，两个薄膜轻微粘合，此状况改进焊接。此外，这种轻微粘着力足以避免微粒插入于两个薄膜之间，因此降低了污染风险。
本发明的另一标的为一种制作柔性袋的装置，其包含：工作台，意在将由能够使用激光束来焊接的柔性材料制成的两个薄膜堆叠于所述工作台上；激光源；能够产生所述激光源和所述工作台的相对运动的构件；以及控制器，意在控制所述运动构件，以根据预程序化形状产生焊缝。
举例而言所述运动构件相对于所述工作台在与所述工作台平行的平面中移动所述激光源，此状况简化所述装置。
所述控制器有利地包含用于根据待产生的焊缝的几何形状来修改由所述激光源发射的激光束的强度的构件，此状况能够产生均匀焊缝。
以有利的方式，根据本发明的装置可以包含切割构件和能够在所述切割构件与所述工作台之间产生相对运动的构件，所述运动构件由所述控制器控制，以在所述焊缝中或在所述焊缝外侧沿所述焊缝切割。
可以假设移动所述激光源的所述构件也意在移动所述切割构件。
所述装置可以包含薄膜卷轴和在所述工作台上陈列所述薄膜的传送带，所述传送带的致动引起所述薄膜在所述工作台上的自动分配。
根据本发明的制作袋的装置也可以包含用于使薄膜固定在所述皮带上的构件，例如通过抽吸来固定。
本发明的另一目的为一种使用根据本发明的制作袋的装置来制作柔性袋的方法，其包含以下步骤：
-根据所述袋的形状来程序化所述控制器以用于所述激光源的运动，
-将薄膜的两个层放置在所述工作台上的适当位置处，
-致动移动所述激光源的构件并且接通所述激光束，
-根据所述程序化形状移动所述激光源，
-熄灭所述激光束并且停止移动所述激光源的所述构件，
-在所述焊缝中或在所述焊缝外侧切割所述袋。
以有利的方式，所述接通所述激光束的步骤发生在所述激光源已开始移动之后。
根据本发明的制作袋的方法可以包含以下较早步骤使所述激光束集中在与所述工作台接触的薄膜上，此状况改进所述焊缝。
根据本发明的制作袋的方法可以包含以下步骤程序化所述控制器以用于所述切割构件的运动。
根据本发明的制作袋的方法可以包含以下步骤：在切割步骤之后，通过经由所述工作台排出空气来排空所述袋。
附图说明
使用下文描述和单个随附图式将更好地理解本发明，所述图式为根据本发明的制作袋的装置的实施例的例子的透视图。
具体实施方式
在单个图中可以看到根据本发明的制作袋的装置的示意图。
装置包含工作台2，意在将待焊接的两个薄膜陈列于工作台2上。在图中，薄膜并不是陈列在工作台上。
在其余的描述中，下薄膜将表示与工作台2接触的薄膜，而上薄膜将表示不与工作台2接触的薄膜。
定义XYZ系统，X和Y为界定与工作台平行的平面的两个正交轴，且Z为与工作台正交的轴。
举例而言，使用由管形薄膜形成的扁平管形薄膜4，使得其由两个成叠薄膜通过侧向末端的连接来形成。管形薄膜被卷起并且形成卷筒，薄膜的必要长度是通过展开管形薄膜4来获得的。卷筒是布置在卷轴6上。
管形薄膜4由压制形成。
以有利的方式，装置包含传送带8，以将袋将于其中形成的部分管形薄膜4向上带到焊点。传送带8可以形成工作台2的全部表面，焊接以及切割是在此皮带8上执行。此状况使得有可能容易地使所述部分被焊接，并且快速移除完成的袋。
以有利的方式，工作台2包含使薄膜固定的构件。举例而言，所述构件可以为确保管形薄膜平放在工作台上的抽吸构件。为此，工作台(更明确地说为传送带8)包含连接至抽吸系统的数个孔口9；因此，将管形薄膜维持在孔口9中的每一个的水平高度上。抽吸构件也可以形成排出空气的构件，以便一旦完成袋便引起袋的脱离。
两个薄膜由于静电力而彼此轻微粘合，因此，下薄膜的固定足以使两个薄膜相对于工作台而固定，并且避免不得不借助于构件来使上薄膜固定。
根据本发明，装置包含激光焊接构件10。
焊接构件10包含激光源，例如，具有介于40W与100W之间的功率的CO2激光类型的激光源。
激光源10有利地集中于下薄膜上。因此，激光束穿过上薄膜，引起下薄膜的受热和薄膜的熔化。此后，通过焊接来接合这些薄膜。集中于下薄膜上使得可能限制热损失。事实上，在此状况下，热量被限制于工作台2与上薄膜之间。在集中于上薄膜上的状况下，热量将不受限制，部分热量将不参与产生焊缝，因此获得焊缝将需要更长时间。
焊接构件10为机动的，以便能够沿方向X和Y移动，且因此能够制作任何形状的袋。
依靠软件通过控制器(未图示)来控制焊接构件10。软件是根据待制作的袋的形状来配置。
以尤其有利的方式，控制器除了控制激光源10的运动之外，还根据激光束的路径来管理激光束的强度。举例而言，当激光束沿曲线而行时，降低其强度，以便避免过度的过热。事实上，这种过度的过热将引起沿袋的整个轮廓的焊缝不均匀性。因此，控制器使激光的强度符合焊缝的几何形状。
因此，曲线的曲率半径越小，激光束的强度降低得越多。因此，所获得的焊缝在整个轮廓上大体上相同，不论组成轮廓的是连续曲线还是直线形状。
但是，激光束不超过管形薄膜，以避免点燃工作台。为此，举例而言，控制器是根据管形薄膜的尺寸(尤其是其宽度)来程序化。
在焊接步骤的开始期间，有利地在将激光源10放置在运动状态中之后启动激光束，以便避免使焊缝开始于其处的区域过热。
先前已提及，两个薄膜由于静电力而彼此轻微粘合，所述轻微粘合使得避免两个薄膜之间存在空气成为可能，因此提高了焊缝的品质。此外，此状况使得降低激光束的必要强度成为可能。
以有利的方式，装置包含切割管形薄膜的切割构件12。
切割构件12包含刀片。根据程序自动移动刀片，所述程序是根据袋的形状定义的。
通过控制器来控制刀片12，所述控制器使刀片沿与激光束的路径相同的路径而行，刀片将在焊缝中切割管形薄膜，所述控制器或者使刀片沿在所述焊缝外侧使焊缝排成一行的路径而行。
在同时切割两个薄膜期间，刀片在工作台上轻徽摩擦地，但并不损坏工作台。
切割构件可以沿Z轴移动，以使刀片12与管形薄膜接触，且随后切割构件可以沿X轴和Y轴移动，以根据任何形状切割管形薄膜4。
例如，装置包含沿Y轴延伸的横向部件14和可以在横向部件上沿Y轴移动的台车16，横向部件14可以沿X轴移动。所述台车支承刀片12和激光源10。横向部件14和台车16均为机动的。
因此，通过同时移动台车16和横向部件14，有可能使激光源10和刀片12沿与工作台的平面平行的平面中的所有形状而行。
有可能铰接刀片12，使得一旦已产生焊缝，刀片12便与管形薄膜4接触。
激光源10的位置可以沿Z轴调整，以使得能够集中激光束。所述调整可以为手动的，因为其是在由一个类型的管形薄膜制造一系列袋的开始时执行。
为了形成薄膜，举例而言，可以使用聚氨基甲酸酯。
以尤其有利的方式，使用载有EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)的聚乙烯，EVA负载介于13.5质量％与18质量％之间。举例而言，薄膜中的每一个都具有介于200μm与300μm之间的厚度。
发明者特别提到，用于EVA的质量比例的区间[13.5％，18％]使得使用激光产生载有EVA的聚乙烯的薄膜的焊缝成为可能。事实上，对于低于13.5％的EVA比例而言，激光束穿过薄膜，而没有传输足以熔化薄膜并接合薄膜的热能。对于大于18％的EVA比例而言，完全相反，热能吸收过高，光束在薄膜中“制作孔”。
由于这种通过激光产生焊缝的方法，使用由以特殊比例载有EVA的聚乙烯制成的管形薄膜，制作袋的时间在三分钟与四分钟之间，而通过高频焊接制造需要15分钟。
此外，所获得的焊缝沿袋的整个轮廓为连续的，因为激光束在整个焊接步骤期间保持与薄膜接触。此外，由于根据焊缝外形管理激光束强度，所以焊缝保持均匀。
现将描述通过根据本发明的方法制作袋的不同步骤。
通过致动传送带展开管形薄膜4，抽吸构件也具有确保管形薄膜4在皮带8上的固定的功能，此状况使其能够沿皮带8而行。
当管形薄膜4的足够长度已被展开并且处于传送带8上的适当位置处时，停止皮带8的运动。
此后，启动激光焊接构件10。
更具体地说，将激光源10放置在运动状态中，此后，接通激光束。预先已调整激光源的竖直位置，使得激光束集中于下薄膜上。
通过指挥横向部件14和台车16的运动，控制器基于袋的程序化形状来控制激光束在平面XY中的运动。
如先前所述，根据袋的轮廓的曲线来调适激光束的强度。
当激光束已沿整个轮廓而行时，熄灭激光束。
在后续步骤中，在焊缝中或在所述焊缝外侧切割袋。
此切割可以人工地或直接通过装置来执行，由台车16支承的刀片12进行切割，由控制器来控制刀片12的运动。
在已执行焊接之后切割薄膜为有利的，因为此状况限制薄膜的处理并且使得可能确保两个薄膜之间存在良好的粘着力，此粘着力有益于激光焊的正确操作。此外，此粘着力降低意在形成袋的内侧的薄膜表面的污染风险，薄膜的剥离具有增加此污染风险的效应。
此装置具有产生单个且连续焊缝的优点，其改进袋的视觉外观并且向用户证实了所述袋的品质，尤其证实其密封品质。
此外，这种制作袋的方法在很大程度上是自动的，此状况减少人的干预。事实上，由于根据本发明的装置，使得操作人员仅必须致动传送带以将管形薄膜放在工作台上的适当位置处，此后起动激光焊接构件，此后起动切割构件并使袋排气。这些动作可以通过分离按钮的简单按压来获得。
因此，焊缝的品质和制作袋所需要的时间半独立于操作人员。
此外，降低了薄膜内部表面的微粒污染的风险，因为薄膜的处理受到限制，这些彼此粘附防止微粒被引入两个薄膜之间。

Claims (16)

1.一种激光源的使用，使用所述激光源焊接两个成叠薄膜，以制作密封的柔性袋，所述薄膜由相同材料塑料制成且来自管形薄膜。
2.根据权利要求2所述的激光源的使用，其中，所述薄膜的所述材料为载有乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的聚乙烯，或聚氨基甲酸酯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的激光源的使用，其中，所述EVA负载介于13.5质量％与18质量％之间。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的一项所述的激光源的使用，其中，所述薄膜中的每一个的厚度介于200μm与300μm之间。
5.一种制作柔性袋的装置，其包含：工作台(2)，意在将由柔性材料制成的来自单个管形薄膜的两个薄膜堆叠于所述工作台上，所述两个薄膜能够使用激光束来焊接；激光源(10)；能够产生所述激光源和所述工作台的相对运动的构件；以及控制器，其意在控制所述运动构件，以根据预程序化形状产生焊缝。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制作袋的装置，其中，所述运动构件相对于所述工作台在与所述工作台平行的平面(XY)中移动所述激光源。
7.根据前述权利要求所述的制作袋的装置，其中，所述控制器包含用于根据待产生的所述焊缝的几何形状来修改由所述激光源(10)发射的所述激光束的强度的构件。
8.根据权利要求5、6或7所述的制作袋的装置，其包含切割构件(12)和能够在所述切割构件与所述工作台之间产生相对运动的构件，所述运动构件由所述控制器控制，以在所述焊缝中或在所述焊缝外侧上沿所述焊缝切割。
9.根据权利要求5至8中的一项所述的制作袋的装置，其中，所述激光源的所述运动构件也意在移动所述切割构件。
10.根据权利要求5至9中的一项所述的制作袋的装置，其包含薄膜的卷轴(6)和在所述工作台上陈列所述薄膜的传送带(8)，所述传送带的致动引起所述薄膜在所述工作台上的自动分配。
11.根据前述权利要求所述的制作袋的装置，其包含使薄膜固定在所述皮带上的构件，例如通过抽吸来固定。
12.一种使用根据权利要求5至11中的一项的所述制作袋的装置来制作柔性袋的方法，其包含以下步骤：
根据所述袋的形状程序化所述控制器以用于激光源(10)的运动，
将来自管形薄膜的薄膜的两个层放置在工作台(2)上的适当位置处，
致动移动所述激光源(10)的构件并且接通激光束，
根据所述程序化形状移动所述激光源(10)，
熄灭所述激光束并且停止移动所述激光源(10)的所述构件，
在焊缝中或在所述焊缝外侧上切割所述袋。
13.根据前述权利要求所述的制作袋的方法，其中，所述接通所述激光束的步骤发生在所述激光源已开始移动之后。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的制作袋的方法，其包含以下较早步骤：将所述激光束集中在与所述工作台接触的所述薄膜上。
15.根据权利要求12至14中的一项所述的制作袋的方法，其包含以下步骤：程序化所述控制器以用于移动所述切割构件(12)。
16.根据权利要求15所述的制作袋的方法，其包含以下步骤：在所述切割的步骤之后，通过经由所述工作台排出空气来排空所述袋。
CN2009801530214A 2008-10-31 2009-10-29 制作袋的方法和装置 Pending CN102264529A (zh)

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