CN102246884A - Fermented protein feed, preparation method thereof and legehenne protein feed containing same - Google Patents
Fermented protein feed, preparation method thereof and legehenne protein feed containing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides fermented protein feed, which comprises 46 to 48 weight percent of coarse protein, 1.8 to 2.5 weight percent of lactic acid and probiotics including bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus. The invention also provides a method for preparing the fermented protein feed and legehenne protein feed containing 5 to 20 percent of the fermented protein feed. In the invention, the protein feed is treated by a multi-strain solid fermentation process, so the characteristics of each strain can be fully played and the aim of mixing synergizing can be fulfilled; and the fermented protein feed hardly contain anti-nutritional factors, but contains nutrients, such as lactic acid and crude protein, as well as probiotics including bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus, so the nutrition value is improved obviously and the digestion and absorption by animals are improved. According to the result of the legehenne feeding tests, the legehenne protein feed can lower a feed to egg productivity ratio and save cost.
Description
Technical field
The laying hen that the present invention relates to a kind of fermentation protein feedstuff, preparation method and contain it is used protein feed, belongs to the using microbe technical field.
Background technology
Dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal all are the most important vegetable protein of livestock and poultry sources, have become livestock breeding industry at present and have used very general high-quality protein source.But the relative molecular mass of protein is bigger, non-digestible in these dregs of rice classes, but also contains multiple ANFs, as bad oligosaccharides, and antigen protein, gossypol and trypsin ihhibitor etc.These ANFs play inhibitory action or become stodgy composition with the nutriment complexing some digestive ferment in the animal body, and the digestibility of feed and the absorptivity of animal are descended.Therefore, the elimination of ANFs and the raising of feedstuff utilization rate all are the focuses that people pay close attention to all the time in the assorted dregs of rice.
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subitilis) belongs to one of the microbe additive that can directly feed of Ministry of Agriculture's announcement in 2006.This bacterium can consume the free oxygen in the environment rapidly, cause the enteron aisle hypoxemia, promote useful anaerobic bacteria growth, and energy metabolism produces multiple digestive ferments such as protease, amylase, some complicated carbohydrate in can the degrading plant forage, thus the conversion ratio of feed improved; In addition, the edible feed that contains the bacillus subtilis viable bacteria can promote growth of animal, improves animal immunizing power and premunition, because the breeding of thalline and generation class antibiotic substance can suppress harmful bacterium breeding in the enteron aisle.Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Lactobacillus bulgaricus) is the most frequently used lactic acid bacteria of a kind of industrial production, it can regulate the colony balance of human body enteric microorganism, in metabolic process, can produce lactic acid, acetate etc., suppress in the stomach and intestine harmful bacteria decide grow.Therefore, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus all are considered to the ideal production bacterial strain of probiotics preparation.
The present invention designs the mixed protein feed stuff that adopts bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus that dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal are formed and mixes the bacterium solid state fermentation, content with high molecular weight protein in the protein degradation raw material and reduction ANFs, make a large amount of probios of accumulation, reduced sugar in the fermented product simultaneously, bioactivator such as oligopeptides and lactic acid is in the hope of obtaining a kind of fermentation protein feedstuff that helps animal digestion and absorption.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of fermentation protein feedstuff, to solve the low defective of animal use rate of existing protein feed.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes:
A kind of fermentation protein feedstuff, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 46-48% in the described fermentation protein feedstuff, lactic acid content 1.8-2.5%, also contain profitable probliotics in the described fermentation protein feedstuff, described probio is bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus, and the bacterium number of described bacillus subtilis is 3.0-3.5 * 10
8Cfu/g, the bacterium number of lactobacillus bulgaricus is 4.0-4.5 * 10
8Cfu/g.
Another object of the present invention also is to provide the preparation method of described fermentation protein feedstuff, it is characterized in that, mixed protein feed stuff with dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal is a raw material, adopt bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus that described mixed protein feed stuff is mixed the bacterium solid state fermentation, may further comprise the steps:
(1) prepares broth bouillon that is used for the bacillus subtilis amplification cultivation and the seed culture medium that is used for the lactobacillus bulgaricus amplification cultivation respectively;
(2) bacterial classification is cultivated:
1) amplification cultivation of bacillus subtilis: take out freezing glycerine and guarantee the Bacillus subtilis strain of Tibetan from refrigerator, after the activation, get the access of 1mL bacterium liquid and be equipped with in the container of 50mL broth bouillon, eight layers of gauze seal, in 37 ℃, 180rpm shaken cultivation 12h;
2) amplification cultivation of lactobacillus bulgaricus: from refrigerator, take out freezing glycerine and guarantee the lactobacillus bulgaricus bacterial classification of Tibetan, after the activation, get the access of 1mL bacterium liquid and be equipped with in the container of 50mL seed culture medium, eight layers of gauze add brown paper and seal, and leave standstill in 40 ℃ and cultivate 12h;
(3) preparation mixes the bacterium solid-state fermentation culture medium, take by weighing dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal respectively, the part by weight of described dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal is 0.8～1: 1: 1～1.25, after the dregs of beans, cotton dregs and the peanut meal mixing that take by weighing, the water content of the protein feed that mixes is 50-60%, gets 200g and places 1000ml wide-mouth reagent bottle, builds bottle cap, in 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min, as the raw material that mixes the bacterium solid state fermentation;
(4) mix the bacterium solid state fermentation: will cultivate ripe bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus fermenti seed liquor and insert in the described mixed bacterium solid-state fermentation culture medium, the inoculum concentration of bacillus subtilis is the 5ml/100g raw material, the inoculum concentration of lactobacillus bulgaricus is the 15ml/100g raw material, mixing, build bottle cap, 37-40 ℃ of constant temperature culture 48-72h.
The present invention also provides a kind of laying hen to use protein feed, comprises mixed feed, it is characterized in that, described laying hen contains described fermentation protein feedstuff with protein feed, and wherein, by weight percentage, described fermentation protein feedstuff content is 5-20%.
Bacillus subtilis used in the present invention and lactobacillus bulgaricus are all purchased in Research for Industrial Microbial Germ preservation center, the dregs of beans that is adopted, cotton dregs and peanut meal are provided by Pu, Shanghai credit trade Co., Ltd, and the mixed feed that is adopted is provided by source, Hai'an credit feed corporation,Ltd.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is: adopt and mix bacterium solid state fermentation processing protein feed, can give full play to the characteristic of each bacterial strain, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, thereby reach the purpose of compound synergic; In addition, microbial fermentation is handled the influence of feed nutrient less with destruction, can remove multiple ANFs, accumulates useful metabolite simultaneously.Contain ANFs in the protein feed after the fermentation hardly, but contain nutriments such as 1.8-2.5% lactic acid, 46-48% crude protein and the bacterium number is 3.0-3.5 * 10
8The bacillus subtilis of cfu/g and bacterium number are 4.0-4.5 * 10
8The lactobacillus bulgaricus of cfu/g cfu/g, the nutritive value of fermentation protein feedstuff is significantly improved, thereby helps animal digestion and absorption.By weight percentage, is that 5-20% adds in the laying-hen compound feed with described fermentation protein feedstuff by addition, obtain described laying hen with protein feed and be used for laying hen and feed experiment, the result shows that described laying hen of having added fermentation protein feedstuff can reduce feed and the ratio of laying eggs with protein feed, saves cost.
Description of drawings
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is for adopting the SDS-PAGE collection of illustrative plates of protein molecular weight size distribution in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) the assay determination fermentation protein feedstuff of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the content of reduced sugar in the fermentation protein feedstuff that adopts DNS method and thin plate chromatography and the analyze change curve with fermentation time.
Fig. 3 is the thin plate chromatography collection of illustrative plates of oligosaccharides in the fermentation protein feedstuff that adopts the analysis of DNS method and thin plate chromatography.
Fig. 4 is oligopeptides content curve map over time in the expression fermentation protein feedstuff of the present invention.
Fig. 5 comprises the curve map that the laying hen of the fermentation protein feedstuff of different content changes with the nursing time laying rate of laying hen with protein feed for expression.
Fig. 6 comprises the curve map that the laying hen of the fermentation protein feedstuff of different content changes with the nursing time total egg size with protein feed for expression.
The specific embodiment
In order to make technological means of the present invention, creation characteristic, to reach purpose and effect is easy to understand,, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with concrete diagram.
Embodiment 1
1, prepare the seed culture medium that is used for the broth bouillon of bacillus subtilis amplification cultivation and is used for the lactobacillus bulgaricus amplification cultivation respectively:
Broth bouillon: beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, distilled water 1L, pH5-7,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min;
Solid-state broth bouillon: beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, agar 18g, distilled water 1L, pH5-7,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min;
Seed culture medium: the MRS culture medium that employing king photograph profit etc. is reported (referring to Wang Zhaoli, sky ten thousand is emerging. Li Keyou. and mannosan assay research [J] in the konjaku powder. food science and technology, 1998 (3): 56.);
Solid-state seed culture medium: in the prescription of described MRS culture medium, add agar 18g, 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min.
2, bacterial classification is cultivated:
1) amplification cultivation of bacillus subtilis: from refrigerator, take out freezing glycerine and guarantee the Bacillus subtilis strain of Tibetan, behind 37 ℃ of activation 3min, get the access of 1mL bacterium liquid and be equipped with in the 250mL triangular flask of 50mL broth bouillon, eight layers of gauze seal, in 37 ℃, 180rpm shaken cultivation 12h;
2) amplification cultivation of lactobacillus bulgaricus: from refrigerator, take out freezing glycerine and guarantee the lactobacillus bulgaricus bacterial classification of Tibetan, behind 37 ℃ of activation 5min, get the access of 1mL bacterium liquid and be equipped with in the 250mL triangular flask of 50mL seed culture medium, eight layers of gauze add brown paper and seal, and leave standstill in 40 ℃ and cultivate 12h;
3, preparation mixes the bacterium solid-state fermentation culture medium, take by weighing dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal respectively, the part by weight of described dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal is 0.8～1: 1: 1～1.25, to obtain mixed protein feed stuff after the dregs of beans, cotton dregs and the peanut meal mixing that take by weighing, the protein feed water content of described mixing is 50-60%, gets 200g and places 1000ml wide-mouth reagent bottle, builds bottle cap, in 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min, as the raw material that mixes the bacterium solid state fermentation;
4, mix the bacterium solid state fermentation: will cultivate ripe bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus fermenti seed liquor and insert in the described solid-state fermentation culture medium, the inoculum concentration of bacillus subtilis is the 5ml/100g raw material, the inoculum concentration of lactobacillus bulgaricus is the 15ml/100g raw material, mixing, build bottle cap, 37-40 ℃ of constant temperature culture 48-72h.Obtain described fermentation protein feedstuff.
5, fermentation protein feedstuff is detected and testing result and conclusion
(1) pH value and determination of lactic acid
Take by weighing fermentation protein feedstuff sample 10g, adding distil water 90ml, stir 30min after, measure its pH value with corrected pH meter in advance; Then sample is placed centrifuge tube, the centrifugal 5min of 3000rpm.After getting 10ml supernatant adding 40ml distilled water,, be converted to the content of lactic acid with the standard NaOH solution titration of 0.02mol/L.Testing result is as shown in table 1.
The pH of table 1 fermentation protein feedstuff and lactic acid
Can find out that from table 1 at the preceding 16h of fermentation, the pH value is the trend that progressively rises earlier.May be that protein is degraded to alkaline matters such as ammonia, amino acid and peptide, and the pH value is progressively increased because during the fermentation.Behind the fermentation 24h, the pH value begins to descend, and pH is 4.09 after the fermentation ends, and this mainly is because the raised growth of lactobacillus bulgaricus can produce lactic acid, acetate and propionic acid etc. the pH of matrix is reduced in its metabolic process.In addition, behind fermentation 16h, by weight percentage, lactic acid content rises gradually, and lactic acid content is 1.98% after the fermentation ends, has improved 16.5 times before the fermentation.
(2) mensuration of viable count (cfu)
Protein feed sample behind the solid state fermentation is diluted to 10 with sterilized water
-7After, draw different dilution bacterium liquid 0.1mL respectively and carry out flat board cultivation counting method counting.Wherein the counting culture medium of bacillus subtilis is solid-state broth bouillon, and coating evenly back is cultivated 48h in 37 ℃; The counting culture medium of lactobacillus bulgaricus is the MRS culture medium, adopts the tilt-pour process counting, cultivates 48h in 40 ℃.Testing result is as shown in table 2.
The viable count of table 2 fermentation protein feedstuff changes
KC: bacillus subtilis; LAB: lactobacillus bulgaricus
(3) the protein molecular weight size distribution is measured in the fermentation protein feedstuff
(described polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is referring to Shen Ping for the protein molecular weight size distribution in employing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) the detection fermentation protein feedstuff, Fan Xiurong, Li Guangwu. microbiology experiment [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 1996.).Get fermentation protein feedstuff 1.0g, the Tris-HCl (pH=8.0) (beta-mercaptoethanol that comprises 0.01mol/L) that adds 20ml0.03mol/L, at room temperature (every 10min stirs once) behind the lixiviate 60min, under the 10000rpm centrifugal 20 minutes, get supernatant 40 μ l, add 10 μ l sample buffers, behind the boiling water bath 3 minutes, carry out the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, Coomassie brilliant blue dyeing, the preservation of taking pictures after the decolouring.The photo that obtains as shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 1, SDS-PAGE collection of illustrative plates by the contrast protein feed: mixed protein feed stuff, fermentation back protein feed before dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal, the fermentation, molecular weight of albumen mainly is distributed between the 12-66kDa in the preceding mixed protein feed stuff of mixed as can be seen bacterium solid state fermentation, after overmulling bacterium solid state fermentation is handled, macro-molecular protein has obtained almost completely degraded, generates small molecular protein and polypeptide class;
(4) mensuration of reduced sugar and oligosaccharides
The content employing DNS method detection of reduced sugar (described DNS detection method is referring to Lu Jian. and " purified technology of protein and application " [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2005.).The thin plate chromatographic analysis is adopted in the detection of oligosaccharides: accurately take by weighing fermentation protein feedstuff sample 5g in the 250ml triangular flask, add the ethanolic solution of 50ml 80%, 70 ℃ of water-bath lixiviate 1h.Get the 2ml leaching liquor, the centrifugal 10min of 10000rpm gets supernatant point sample on silica gel plate, and the point sample amount is 5 μ l, launches in developping solution (normal propyl alcohol: acetate: water=1: 1: 0.1, volume ratio) after the point sample drying, is expanded to from 2cm place, silica gel plate forward position.Naturally after drying, and spray colour developing liquid (liquid that develops the color consists of: 1mL 1-naphthols+10mL phosphoric acid+989ml ethanol) drenched to whole flat board, and the preservation of after 140 ℃ baking 5min develops the color down, taking pictures immediately.The result as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Fig. 2 be the content of reduced sugar of fermentation protein feedstuff with the change curve of fermentation time, show among Fig. 2, sharply rise at the preceding 16h content of reducing sugar of fermentation, but 16h later content of reducing sugar just begin to descend, content of reducing sugar tends towards stability behind the 32h.This is because thalline at preceding 16h raised growth, is a monose with oligosaccharides class substance decomposition in the fermentation protein feedstuff, makes content of reducing sugar begin to rise; Afterwards, because the raised growth of thalline begins to utilize free reduced sugar, the aggregate velocity of somatic cells is greater than the degradation speed of enzyme to oligosaccharides, then content of reducing sugar reduces again gradually, behind the fermentation 40h, still have the residual sugar of part not to be utilized, make the content of reduced sugar tend towards stability.
Fig. 3 is oligosaccharides thin plate chromatography (TLC) collection of illustrative plates of fermentation protein feedstuff, the TLC collection of illustrative plates of the protein feed by comparison diagram 3: the mixed protein feed stuff before dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal, the fermentation, fermentation back protein feed, the oligosaccharides in the mixed protein feed stuff has stachyose, raffinose and sucrose before the fermentation as can be seen, behind overmulling bacterium solid state fermentation, stachyose in the protein feed, raffinose and sucrose are almost completely degraded, generated the monose of part, the two bacterial strains ANFs of in the process of fermentation protein feedstuff, degrading effectively more than illustrate.After the fermentation ends, still have the monose of small part not to be utilized, consistent with the variation of fermentation later stage reduced sugar.
(5) mensuration of crude protein in the fermentation protein feedstuff
Adopt Kjeldahl (N * 6.25) to measure the content (detection method is referring to " crude protein assay method in the feed " .GB/T 6432-1994) of protein feed fermentation front and back crude protein.The result is as shown in table 3, protein feed is after overmulling bacterium solid state fermentation is handled as can be seen from Table 3, gross protein value has increased by 3.4% before than fermentation, illustrate that bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus can be in protein feed matrix better grow, and is stronger to the assimilative capacicy of protein feed.
The crude protein of table 3 fermentation protein feedstuff changes
(6) mensuration of oligopeptides in the fermentation protein feedstuff
Take by weighing sample 0.5g in the 10ml centrifuge tube, add 15% trichloroacetic acid 8ml, vibration 20min, the centrifugal 15min of 10000rpm gets supernatant, measures and calculates by the crude protein assay method, and the result is the content of oligopeptides in the fermentation protein sample.
Fig. 4 is the change curve of the content of oligopeptides in the fermentation protein feedstuff with fermentation time, shows among Fig. 4, and mixed protein feed stuff fermentation 16h, oligopeptides content descends, and this is because the earlier fermentation thalli growth needs nitrogen in the raw material as nitrogenous source; After this during the fermentation, along with the raised growth of bacillus subtilis, the protease amount of its secretion increases, and decomposes macro-molecular protein, makes the content of oligopeptides progressively increase.Oligopeptides content is 2.6% to maximum almost behind the 40h, and oligopeptides content is 2.5% after the fermentation ends, is 2.3 times before the fermentation.The degraded of high molecular weight protein and the generation of oligopeptides explanation are during the fermentation, the enzyme that bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus produce can be hydrolyzed into small molecular protein, polypeptide or amino acid with high molecular weight protein in the raw material effectively, has effectively improved the utilization rate of protein feed.
(7) conclusion
Adopt and mix bacterium solid state fermentation processing protein feed, can give full play to the characteristic of each bacterial strain, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, thereby reach the purpose of compound synergic; In addition, microbial fermentation is handled the influence of feed nutrient less with destruction, can remove multiple ANFs, accumulates useful metabolite simultaneously.By the preceding protein feed of protein feed after the fermentation and fermentation is compared, the result shows that fermentation almost completely is degraded the high molecular weight protein of protein feed, generates small molecular protein or polypeptides matter, and crude protein content brings up to 46.5% from 43.1%; ANFs in the protein feed (stachyose and raffinose) is after microbial fermentation is handled, and almost completely degraded has produced a certain amount of reduced sugar simultaneously; The bacillus subtilis number is 3.1 * 10 in the sample of fermentation back
8Cfu/g, lactobacillus bulgaricus number are 4.45 * 10
8Cfu/g; After the fermentation ends in the protein feed content of lactic acid be 1.89%, improved 16.5 times before the fermentation.Contain nutriment and a certain amount of probios such as lactic acid, reduced sugar and oligopeptides in the protein raw materials after the fermentation, the nutritive value of protein raw materials is significantly improved.
Present embodiment provides a kind of laying hen to use protein feed, comprises mixed feed and embodiment 1 described fermentation protein feedstuff, and by weight percentage, described laying hen is 5-20% with fermentation protein feedstuff content in the protein feed.
Described mixed feed is provided by source, Hai'an credit feed corporation,Ltd, and its composition is as shown in table 4:
Basal diet prescription and the trophic level of table 4 laying hen
Described laying hen is used the application of protein feed in layer breeding is produced:
1, feed is used in experiment: mixed feed, the laying hen that contains 7.58% fermentation protein feedstuff are used protein feed with protein feed and the laying hen that contains 17.44% fermentation protein feedstuff.
2, experiment place and time: carry out in source, Jiangsu credit birds, beasts and eggs Co., Ltd chicken farm, be about 3 months experimental period.
3, experiment grouping
Hainan ash kind laying hen that to choose 360 ages in days be 32 weeks is divided into three groups at random, and wherein one group is control group, and two groups is experimental group, every group of 120 chickens.The feed consumption that the principle of experimental design is followed experimental group and control group use equates.Control group is fed mixed feed, tests 1 group and feeds the laying hen that contains 7.58% fermentation protein feedstuff and use protein feed, tests the laying hen that 2 groups of nursings contain 17.44% fermentation protein feedstuff and uses protein feed.
4, the feed intake of The effects laying hen, laying rate, the size of egg and color, broken abnormal rate, indexs such as the incidence of disease and death rate;
(1) 1-4 week experiment periods
In 1-4 week experiment periods, the content of fermentation protein feedstuff is as shown in table 5 to the influence of laying hen production performance: the laying rate of testing 1 group will be higher than control group, and the total egg number of average daily output of testing 2 groups is all low than control group with the total amount of laying eggs day; Feedstuff-egg ratio test 1 group with control group much at one, and test 2 groups than the control group height; Illustrate that the increase of fermentation protein feedstuff addition does not improve the production performance of laying hen.
Table 5 fermentation protein feedstuff is to the influence of laying hen production performance
In 1-4 week experiment periods, the price of deed, Economic and Efficiency Analysis have been carried out.By following table 6 as seen, under all identical situation of water, electricity and labour's expenditure, difference by each the group food consumption cost and the income of laying eggs compares, and tests and tests 2 groups of every chickens for 1 group and 1 respectively than 0.14 yuan and 0.71 yuan of control group minimizing income, and the minimizing amplitude reaches 4.05% and 20.5%.
Table 6 test chicken feed consumption rate, feedstuff-egg ratio and economic benefit are relatively
Annotate: the laying-hen compound feed price: 2.32 yuan/kg, the fermentation protein feedstuff price: 3.2 yuan/kg, Egg price is calculated by 7.0 yuan/kg, and the profit value is only calculated from the feedstuff-egg ratio angle, and water, electricity, other same operation factor such as artificial are not calculated.
(2) 5-8 week experiment periods
In 5-8 week experiment periods, the content of fermentation protein feedstuff is as shown in table 7 to the influence of laying hen production performance: test 1 group of laying rate with 2 groups of experiments and all be higher than control group, improve 2.04% and 0.49% respectively; Test 1 group of feedstuff-egg ratio and all be lower than control group, Comparatively speaking, test 1 group and reduced by 1.97% than control group with 2 groups of experiments; The broken abnormal rate of two experimental group is a little more than control group; Above result shows, adds a certain amount of fermentation protein feedstuff in the daily ration of laying hen the total amount of laying eggs the total egg number of average daily output, laying rate, day etc. is increased, and reduced feedstuff-egg ratio, saved cost.
Table 7 fermentation protein feedstuff is to the influence of laying hen production performance
In 5-8 week experiment periods, the price of deed, Economic and Efficiency Analysis have been carried out.By following table 8 as seen, under all identical situation of water, electricity and labour's expenditure, difference by each the group food consumption cost and the income of laying eggs is relatively tested 1 group of every chicken and is overcharged 0.04 yuan of benefit than control group respectively, but the income of testing 2 groups of every chickens is lacked 0.36 yuan than control group.The addition that fermentation protein feedstuff is described not is The more the better, and too much addition has reduced economic well-being of workers and staff on the contrary.
Table 8 test chicken feed consumption rate, feedstuff-egg ratio and economic benefit are relatively
Annotate: the laying-hen compound feed price: 2.32 yuan/kg, the fermentation protein feedstuff price: 3.2 yuan/kg, Egg price is calculated by 7.0 yuan/kg, and the profit value is only calculated from the feedstuff-egg ratio angle, and water, electricity, other same operation factor such as artificial are not calculated.
(3) 9-12 week experiment periods
In 9-12 week experiment periods, the content of fermentation protein feedstuff is as shown in table 9 to the influence of laying hen production performance: the laying rate of testing 1 group all is higher than control group, and the laying rate and the control group of testing 2 groups are suitable; Test 1 group and the experiment 2 groups broken abnormal rate much at one, a little less than control group; The feedstuff-egg ratio of two experimental group but all is lower than control group much at one, illustrates that adding a certain amount of fermentation protein feedstuff can reduce feedstuff-egg ratio, saves cost.
Table 9 fermentation protein feedstuff is to the influence of laying hen production performance
In 9-12 week experiment periods, the price of deed, Economic and Efficiency Analysis have been carried out.By following table 10 as seen, under all identical situation of water, electricity and labour's expenditure, compare by each difference of organizing the food consumption cost and the income of laying eggs, test 1 group of every chicken and overcharge 0.24 yuan of benefit than control group respectively, increasing income reaches 7.34%; Test 2 groups of every chickens and lack 0.1 yuan of income than control group respectively, amount of decrease is 3.06%; Explanation is added an amount of fermentation protein feedstuff and can be increased economic efficiency in layer diets.
Table 10 test chicken feed consumption rate, feedstuff-egg ratio and economic benefit are relatively
Annotate: the laying-hen compound feed price: 2.32 yuan/kg, the fermentation protein feedstuff price: 3.2 yuan/kg, Egg price is calculated by 7.0 yuan/kg, and the profit value is only calculated from the feedstuff-egg ratio angle, and water, electricity, other same operation factor such as artificial are not calculated.
(4) at 1-12 in week, the content of fermentation protein feedstuff is to the influence of laying rate and egg size in the protein feed, and the result as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
The fermentation protein feedstuff of different content influences result such as Fig. 5 to laying rate of laying hen, as can be seen from the figure, test in 1 group prolongation along with the time of nursing, laying rate raises gradually, to the 3rd week reaching peak, from 6 weeks of the 4th week to the much at one, more than 88%, slightly descend afterwards, but still be higher than control group; And test 2 groups, since the 1st week, laying rate just begins to descend, and almost is lower than control group always; Since the 7th week, the laying rate of two experimental group is all apparently higher than control group; Illustrate and add of laying rate the improve effect of an amount of fermentation protein feedstuff laying hen.
The fermentation protein feedstuff of different content the results are shown in Figure 6 to the influence of total egg size.As we know from the figure, because the physiological period of laying hen own, the change curve of egg size has to rise to have and falls in the control group, and rule is not obvious; And the egg size Changing Pattern of two experimental group much at one, along with the prolongation of the time of nursing, arrives peak at the 5th all egg sizes, begins afterwards to fall after rise.Preceding 4 weeks, the egg size of two experimental group was lower than control group, and 4-6 week afterwards, the egg size of testing 1 group is a little less than control group, from the 7th week to 12 weeks, the egg size of two experimental group all is higher than control group, especially after the 8th week, amplification is obvious.
5, conclusion
Feeding experimental result by 3 months laying hens shows:
1) described laying hen can reduce feedstuff-egg ratio with protein feed, saves cost;
2) show by feeding experiment, the addition of fermentation protein feedstuff be 7.54% o'clock to the effect that all is significantly improved of laying rate and total egg size; It is chaotic that too high addition (as 17.44%) can cause laying rate and egg size to change, and causes feed cost to increase, and reduces economic benefit.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. fermentation protein feedstuff, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 46-48% in the described fermentation protein feedstuff, lactic acid content 1.8-2.5%, also contain bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus bulgaricus in the described fermentation protein feedstuff, the bacterium number of described bacillus subtilis is 3.0-3.5 * 10
8Cfu/g, the bacterium number of lactobacillus bulgaricus is 4.0-4.5 * 10
8Cfu/g.
2. one kind prepares the method for fermentation protein feedstuff according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, mixed protein feed stuff with dregs of beans, cotton dregs and peanut meal is a raw material, adopts bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus bulgaricus that described mixed protein feed stuff is mixed the bacterium solid state fermentation, may further comprise the steps:
(1) prepares broth bouillon that is used for the bacillus subtilis amplification cultivation and the seed culture medium that is used for the lactobacillus bulgaricus amplification cultivation respectively;
(2) bacterial classification is cultivated:
1) amplification cultivation of bacillus subtilis:, cultivate 12h in the broth bouillon of access step (1) gained with the Bacillus subtilis strain activation;
2) amplification cultivation of lactobacillus bulgaricus:, cultivate 12h in the seed culture medium of access step (1) gained with the lactobacillus bulgaricus actication of culture;
(3) preparation solid-state fermentation culture medium, the part by weight of wherein said dregs of beans, cotton dregs, peanut meal is 0.8～1: 1: 1～1.25;
(4) solid state fermentation: will cultivate ripe bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus fermenti seed liquor and insert in the prepared described solid-state fermentation culture medium of step (3) mixing, 37-40 ℃ of constant temperature culture 48-72h.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the inoculum concentration of described bacillus subtilis is the 5ml/100g raw material, and the inoculum concentration of lactobacillus bulgaricus is the 15ml/100g raw material.
4. one kind contains according to claim 1 the laying hen of fermentation protein feedstuff and uses protein feed, comprises mixed feed, it is characterized in that by weight percentage, described laying hen is 5-20% with the content range of the described fermentation protein feedstuff that protein feed contains.
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| CN107410703A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-01 | 河南大农联生物工程有限公司 | A kind of livestock and poultry protein feed and its production method |
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