CN102217475A

CN102217475A - Summer corn cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN102217475A
Application number: CN 201110097154
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李庆雪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-04-18
Filing date: 2011-04-18
Publication date: 2011-10-19

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation and relates to a summer corn cultivation method which comprises the steps of seed selection, preparation of soil, sowing and fertilization. A way of alternatively sowing single and double seeds in each hole is adopted for sowing. And the planting distance of two seedlings in the hole sowed with double seeds is 57cm and the hole distance is 15-16cm. In the summer corn cultivation method, a sowing way of equal 80cm row spacing can be adopted; moreover, a sowing way of 80cm for big rows and 60cm for small rows can also be adopted. The summer corn cultivation method can be used for improving ventilation and light transmitting environments between groups, sufficiently utilizing the light, temperature and air resources for summer corns, guaranteeing the yields of individuals after increasing the planting density, improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the groups and achieving the purposes of increasing the intensity and creating high yield.

Description

A kind of summer corn cultivation method

Technical field

The invention provides summer corn kind method for planting, belong to the plant cultivation grain technical field.

Background technology

At present, China's the Yellow River and Huai He River sea summer corn output 10 in the past few years the general per mu yield 500-600 of yield level kilogram pace up and down.Influence summer corn output following 3 aspect reasons are arranged: the one, density is not enough, and general 3500-4000 strain can not be given full play to existing soil fertility and weather conditions.The 2nd, extensive management plantation form is unreasonable.The 3rd, fertilizer is used unreasonable, and deficiency is used in the high-yield field, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium proportioning are unreasonable, problem such as fertilizer variety is many, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low.

Domestic summer corn natural conditions.Seed, weather, soil fertility possess 900 kilograms of-950 kilograms of conditions.Cropping pattern does not make full use of the natural resources now, and the internal and international typical case of high yield in recent years through government's approval, peasant's approval, checks and accepts the density of digital summer corn per mu yield more than 750 kilograms and receives more than spike number 5000 strains real.The highest per mu yield of the U.S. is 985 kilograms in the world, and 6720 strains are set in the mu strain, but above high yield typical case, the cultivation mode that neither one is complete.

This invention, the corn planting system from the seed treatment of choosing seeds, seedtime, the proportioning of thickness of sowing fertilizer and use, sowing, fertilising, special-purpose machinery are once finished, links such as the plant adjusting in vegetative period have adopted scientific, standardization, the complete Super-high-yielding Cultivation pattern of a cover of datumization is to lead Maize Production to move towards an invention greatly in high yield epoch.

Traditional summer corn kind method for planting, wide in variety hash, the flat-type kind is in the majority, and compact anti-close type is on the low side, is difficult to bring into play the potentiality of corn hybrid seed volume increase.Planting density is rare partially, is difficult to increase colony at guarantor's individuality, makes full use of summer corn district photo-thermal gas resource, reaches the purpose of maximum production; Seeding machinery is outmoded aging, causes the disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling serious, and farm work is loaded down with trivial details, is difficult to raise labour productivity; Fertilizer input and method are unreasonable, are difficult to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, the corn self-sow, and serious lodging causes the underproduction.

Along with development of science and technology, the raising of research level, the new science and technology achievement continues to bring out.Urgent need is wanted the new culture technique of a cover, replaces traditional cropping pattern.

Summary of the invention

The present invention realizes simplifying the purpose of volume increase in order to overcome the problem that traditional summer corn kind method for planting exists, and proposes a kind of new summer corn cultivation method.The cultivating method of crop that the present invention proposes is:

A kind of summer corn cultivation method is used for summer corn cultivation, comprises seed selection, whole ground, sowing, fertilising, adopt the single two grains in every cave alternately the mode of sowing sow, in the cave that two are sowed, two spacing in the rows 5-7 centimetres, the cave is apart from 15-16 centimetre.

As preferred implementation, can adopt 80 centimetres to wait the line-spacing sowing, also can adopt 80 centimetres of big row, 60 centimetres of sowings of little row; Date of seeding, was early than June 17; During fertilising, once apply at random during sowing, 50 kilograms of slow-release fertilizers are executed on every mu of ground, and wherein N, P, K content ratio are 3: 1: 3; When corn growth to 7～10 leaves, the agent of spray chemical control makes corn change controllable growth into by self-sow.

The present invention is owing to adopted " highly dense wide row contract strain Precision Seeding technology ", improve ventilation and penetrating light environment between colony, made full use of summer corn light, temperature, gas resource, guaranteed to increase individual output after the planting density, improve population photosynthesis usefulness, reaching increases the purpose that density is achieved higher output; Make full use of the soil, increase substantially output, simplify sowing, reduce labor intensity.This technology saving of labor, fertile, the water-saving of province improve water and fertilizer utilization, and general production ratio general planting can increase production more than 100 kilograms for every mu, and mu increases benefit nearly more than 180 yuan.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 ordinary maize kind method for planting.

The kind method for planting of Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention 1 (manual sowing).

The kind method for planting of Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention 1 (special seeder sowing).

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement legend the present invention is further described.

Conventional cultivating method of crop as shown in Figure 1, line-spacing is 45 centimetres, every mu is stayed seedling generally to have only the 3500-4500 strain.The present invention proposes planting patterns and enlarges line-spacing, dwindles spacing in the rows, increases the mu planting density.Increase more than 15% than traditional planting density, the line-spacing amplification is 80 centimetres (as shown in Figure 2), uses the zone of grain header results to take the plantation of size row, and 60 centimetres of big 80 centimetres little row of row are to make things convenient for mechanical work (as shown in Figure 3).Can sow 6500 for every mu, the deduction natural wastage, the real receipts of mu spike number 5500 fringes are left back during results.

Cultivation method is specific as follows:

1, select the plant type compactness for use, 250～270 centimetres of plant heights, 110～120 centimetres of fringe positions, degeneration-resistant, anti-, drought resisting, the high yielding variety that commodity is good.Seed will reach GB, even, the elaboration seed of germination rate more than 95% of big granule.

2, the present invention adopts mechanical no-tillage seeding, selects accurate sower for use, and single two grains are sowed, and seedling is alternately stayed in single two strains, removes the field work of final singling from.Early sowing in good time is not later than June 17, gives full play to the effect of early sowing volume increase.

3, enlarging line-spacing is 80 centimetres, takes the zone of grain header results to use 60 centimetres of 80 centimetres little line-spacings of wide row space.Density of reserved seedlings 5500～6500 strain/mus.

4, decide fertilizer to produce, adopt fertilization compositions based on earth measurement or conventional fertilizer application method, can release fertile method with bottom application coating of Precision Seeding machine slow (control), by 800 kilograms of calculating of every mu of expected volume, every mu is applied fertilizer 50 kilograms N, P, K ratio 3: 1: 3.

5, at corn growth to 7～10 leaf, the short conditioning agent of 30 milliliters of chemical controlizations of mu spray, as the strain volume increase king that contracts make corn change controllable growth into by self-sow.

With application number is that 03111253.6 Chinese patent application is compared, and the present invention has following difference and technique effect:

One, application number is that 03111253.6 former invention ground is the spring corn planting area that northeast was done in a year; The technology of the present invention is to be applicable to make the summer corn planting area in 1 year two.

Two, application number is the 03111253.6 every 4-6 bar of invention and the empty ridge kind method for planting as a unit;

Behind the harvesting wheat of the present invention, no-tillage mechanical planting, sower is sowed for accurate special-purpose single two grains, becomes the two strains of list after emerging and replaces the seedling formula, exempts from final singling.

Four, former application number is the every hole 2-6 of 03111253.6 invention strain, and spacing in the rows is 35-50 centimetre.

12 in the every cave of the invention process Precision Seeding forms alternately 1,2,1 seedling formula.

Five, application number is that 03111253.6 invention proposes fertilising for diamines, urea, potash fertilizer, by ratio of weight and the number of copies, makes composite fertilizer;

The present invention proposes to decide fertilizer to produce, and can adopt fertilization compositions based on earth measurement or conventional fertilizer application method, can release fertilizer with bottom application coating of Precision Seeding machine slow (control), also available conventional fertilizer application method, N, P, K ratio 3: 1: 3, seed manure accounts for total amount 20%, the typhon mouth imposes 50%, and the pollination phase imposes 30%.

Six, number of patent application: 200910175454.1.Invention culture technique sowing form " 2+3+2 " pattern is promoted by nearly 2 years, and spacing in the rows, cave distance, special time, anti-and illumination availability influence high yield in process of production.The present invention is owing to adopt the single two grain seeding methods of 1+2+1, and ontogeny is better than " 2+3+2 " cropping pattern that this patent application proposes, and has overcome the special time, and anti-falling and the defective of milpa ontogeny existence makes maize high-yield culture technique more perfect.

Claims

1. summer corn cultivation method comprises seed selection, whole ground, sowing, fertilising, it is characterized in that: adopt the single two grains in every cave alternately the mode of sowing sow, in the cave that two grains are sowed, two spacing in the rows 5-7 centimetres, the cave is apart from 15-16 centimetre.

2. summer corn cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts 80 centimetres of seeding methods that wait line-spacing.

3. summer corn cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the seeding method of 80 centimetres of big row, 60 centimetres of little row.

4. according to any described summer corn cultivation method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that date of seeding was early than June 17.

5. according to any described summer corn cultivation method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that during fertilising, once apply at random during sowing, 50 kilograms of slow-release fertilizers are executed on every mu of ground, wherein N, P, K content ratio are 3: 1: 3.

6. according to any described summer corn cultivation method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that when corn growth to 7～10 leaves, the agent of spray chemical control makes corn change controllable growth into by self-sow.