CN102216264B - 砜化合物 - Google Patents
砜化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102216264B CN102216264B CN200980145156.6A CN200980145156A CN102216264B CN 102216264 B CN102216264 B CN 102216264B CN 200980145156 A CN200980145156 A CN 200980145156A CN 102216264 B CN102216264 B CN 102216264B
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- -1 Sulfone compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GLRDNANGTANILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-2-(3-ethylheptan-2-ylsulfonyl)heptane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(C)S(=O)(=O)C(C)C(CC)CCCC GLRDNANGTANILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NQWALYYPSDKGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2-(3-methyloctan-2-ylsulfonyl)octane Chemical compound CC(C(CCCCC)C)S(=O)(=O)C(C(CCCCC)C)C NQWALYYPSDKGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Oxybisoctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromobutane Chemical compound CCCCBr MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNDIARAMWBIKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromohexane Chemical compound CCCCCCBr MNDIARAMWBIKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIDFJGKWTOULTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylsulfonylbutane Chemical compound CCCCS(=O)(=O)CCCC AIDFJGKWTOULTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCl CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCVKANWLTAUSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylsulfonylhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCS(=O)(=O)CC PCVKANWLTAUSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJEGHEMJVNQWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptoxyheptane Chemical class CCCCCCCOCCCCCCC UJEGHEMJVNQWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexoxyhexane Chemical class CCCCCCOCCCCCC BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNLXLNIZFZMEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylheptane Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)CI GNLXLNIZFZMEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentoxypentane Chemical compound CCCCCOCCCCC AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRLKKWLZWKXTNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethylpentan-2-ylsulfonyl)-3,4-dimethylpentane Chemical compound CC(C(C(C)C)C)S(=O)(=O)C(C(C(C)C)C)C YRLKKWLZWKXTNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWDCWPCAALUGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4-trimethyl-2-(3,3,4-trimethylhexan-2-ylsulfonyl)hexane Chemical compound CC(C(C(CC)C)(C)C)S(=O)(=O)C(C(C(CC)C)(C)C)C WWDCWPCAALUGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCMMZPHODWMOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-2-(3-ethyl-3,4-dimethylpentan-2-yl)sulfonyl-3,4-dimethylpentane Chemical compound CC(C(C(C)C)(C)CC)S(=O)(=O)C(C(C(C)C)(CC)C)C HCMMZPHODWMOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWPOTBAUNNITNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-2-(3-ethylpentan-2-ylsulfonyl)pentane Chemical compound CC(C(CC)CC)S(=O)(=O)C(C(CC)CC)C QWPOTBAUNNITNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QASKCGNZJHBTDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH4].BrCCCCC Chemical compound [SiH4].BrCCCCC QASKCGNZJHBTDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005443 coulometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoethane Chemical compound CCI HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XHXXWWGGXFUMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanethiol;sodium Chemical compound [Na].SC XHXXWWGGXFUMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl iodide Chemical compound CCCI PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003527 tetrahydropyrans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
- C07C317/02—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C317/04—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的目的是提供一种非质子性极性溶剂,该非质子性极性溶剂的熔点较低、热稳定性优异,主要用作电化学器件用溶剂等。本发明为下式(1)表示的砜化合物。在式(1)中,R1表示碳原子数为6~8的支链状烷基。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及砜化合物。进一步详细地说,是涉及主要用作电化学器件用溶剂等的砜化合物。
背景技术
砜化合物作为提取溶剂、各种反应溶剂而使用,另一方面,其是介电常数高的物质,其作为非质子性极性溶剂,也用作电化学器件用溶剂。具体地说,提出了将作为砜化合物的环丁砜、3-甲基环丁砜等环丁砜衍生物作为电解液进行使用的双电层电容器(专利文献1);将环丁砜、3-甲基环丁砜等环丁砜衍生物和碳酸亚丙酯的混合溶剂作为电解液进行使用的双电层电容器(专利文献2)等的提案。
对于用于电化学器件用溶剂等的非质子性极性溶剂,通常期望其熔点低、热稳定性优异。另外,根据电化学器件种类,有时体系内水分的存在会产生问题,这时优选使用水的溶解度低的溶剂。
但是,专利文献1和专利文献2中记载的砜化合物因为熔点较高,因而在低温环境下会出现功能降低等的问题。另外,与这些化合物一同使用的碳酸亚丙酯会存在热稳定性差、水的溶解度较高这样的问题。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开昭62-237715号公报
专利文献2:日本特开昭63-12122号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的是提供一种熔点较低、热稳定性优异的非质子性极性溶剂。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明涉及下式(1)表示的砜化合物。
式(1)中,R1表示碳原子数为6~8的支链状烷基。
作为R1所表示的碳原子数为6~8的支链状烷基,可以举出,例如甲基戊基、二甲基丁基、乙基丁基、甲基己基、二甲基戊基、乙基戊基、三甲基丁基、乙基甲基丁基、丙基丁基、甲基庚基、二甲基己基、乙基己基、三甲基戊基、乙基甲基戊基、丙基戊基、四甲基丁基、乙基二甲基丁基、二乙基丁基和丙基甲基丁基等。
在式(1)中,如果R1表示的支链状烷基的碳原子数为5以下,则水的溶解度会变得过高,如果R1表示的支链状烷基的碳原子数为9以上,则熔点会变高,不是优选的。
作为式(1)表示的本发明的砜化合物的具体例,可以举出,例如甲基-2-甲基戊基砜、甲基-2,3-二甲基丁基砜、甲基-2-乙基丁基砜、甲基-2-甲基己基砜、甲基-2,3-二甲基戊基砜、甲基-2-乙基戊基砜、甲基-2,2,3-三甲基丁基砜、甲基-2-乙基-3-甲基丁基砜、甲基-2-甲基庚基砜、甲基-2,3-二甲基己基砜、甲基-2-乙基己基砜、甲基-2-丙基戊基砜、甲基-2,2,3-三甲基戊基砜、甲基-2-乙基-3-甲基戊基砜、甲基-2,2,3,3-四甲基丁基砜、甲基-2-乙基-2,3-二甲基丁基砜、甲基-2,3-二乙基丁基砜和甲基-2-丙基-3-甲基丁基砜等。
在上述砜化合物中,从熔点较低、水的溶解度较低的观点考虑,优选式(1)中R1所表示的支链状烷基的碳原子数为8的情况,更优选甲基-2-甲基庚基砜、甲基-2-丙基戊基砜和甲基-2-乙基己基砜,进一步优选甲基-2-乙基己基砜。
式(1)表示的砜化合物可如下制造:例如,使式(2)表示的有机卤化合物与甲硫醇的钠盐反应,形成式(3)表示的硫醚化合物,用氧化剂使该硫醚化合物氧化,从而制造式(1)表示的砜化合物。
R1-X (2)
式(2)中,R1表示碳原子数为6~8的支链状烷基,X表示卤原子。
式(3)中,R1表示与式(2)中的R1相同的基团。
式(2)表示的有机卤化合物以及甲硫醇的钠盐可以使用市售品。
作为上述有机卤化合物的具体例,可以举出,例如2-(碘甲基)庚烷、4-(溴甲基)庚烷和3-(氯甲基)庚烷等。
在式(2)表示的有机卤化合物和甲硫醇的钠盐的反应中,相对于1摩尔上述有机卤化合物,甲硫醇的钠盐的使用比例优选为0.5~10摩尔,更优选为1.0~5摩尔。
在上述硫醇的钠盐和有机卤化合物反应时,可以不使用溶剂,但是,在原料是固体或反应液粘度高、搅拌不充分的情况等中,可以根据需要使用溶剂。作为所使用的溶剂没有特别的限制,可以举出,例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇、庚醇、辛醇、壬醇、癸醇、十一烷醇、十二烷醇、十三烷醇、十四烷醇、环己醇、乙二醇和丙二醇等醇类;二乙醚、二丙醚、二丁醚、二戊醚、二己醚、二庚醚、二辛醚、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃和1,4-二氧六环等醚类;乙腈、丙烯腈和丙腈等腈类;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮和环己酮等酮类;丁内酯、己内酯(カプロラクトン)、己内酯(ヘキサノラクトン)和乙酸乙酯等酯类;二甲亚砜等亚砜类;戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、环己烷、石油醚、汽油、煤油、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯和苯等烃类;以及水等。这些之中,优选使用甲醇和水。这些溶剂可以单独使用一种,也可以两种以上组合使用。
对上述溶剂的用量没有特别的限制,但相对于有机卤化合物100重量份,优选上述溶剂的用量为100~5000重量份。
反应温度优选为0~200℃,更优选为10~150℃。反应时间通常为1~30小时。
在本发明的砜化合物的制造方法中,对上述式(3)表示的硫醚化合物的氧化中使用的氧化剂的具体例没有特别限制,例如可以举出高锰酸钾、铬酸、氧、双氧水以及3-氯过苯甲酸等有机化氧化物等。这其中,优选使用双氧水。
相对于1摩尔的硫醚化合物,氧化剂的使用比例优选为1.8~10摩尔的比例,更优选为2~5摩尔的比例。
对硫醚化合物进行氧化时,可以不使用溶剂,但是,在原料是固体或反应液粘度高、搅拌不充分等情况中,可以根据需要使用溶剂。作为所使用的溶剂没有特别的限制,可以举出,例如四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、溴丙烷、溴丁烷、溴戊烷、溴己烷、碘甲烷、碘乙烷和碘丙烷等卤化烷基类;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮和环己酮等酮类;戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、环己烷、石油醚、汽油、煤油、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯和苯等烃类;以及水等。这些之中,优选使用卤化烷基类和水。这些溶剂可以单独使用一种,也可以两种以上组合使用。
对上述溶剂的用量没有特别限制,但是相对于100重量份的硫醚化合物,优选上述溶剂的用量为100~5000重量份。
反应温度优选为0~200℃,更优选为10~150℃。反应时间通常为1~30小时。
如此得到的砜化合物可以在根据需要进行水洗、分液后,通过蒸馏而分离出来。
本发明的砜化合物可以很好地用于例如电解质溶剂等电化学器件用溶剂。
作为上述电化学器件,例如可以举出锂一次电池、锂二次电池、锂离子电池、燃料电池、太阳能电池、双电层电容器等。
本发明的砜化合物具有水的溶解度低这样的特征。因此,在其用于上述电化学器件用溶剂的情况下,可以抑制水的混入,能够防止电流效率降低、内压上升等的发生。
另外,本发明的砜化合物的熔点较低、热稳定性优异,因此,能够在从低温到高温的宽温度范围安全地使用。
另外,本发明的砜化合物因其粘度低,因此能够大幅提高电解质的离子导电性,能够实现高的电学特性。
发明效果
本发明的砜化合物是熔点较低、热稳定性优异、且水的溶解度低的非质子性极性溶剂,因此主要用作电化学器件用溶剂。
具体实施方式
以下举出实施例,更加具体地说明本发明,但是,本发明不受这些实施例的任何限制。
实施例1[合成甲基-2-乙基己基砜(MEHS)]
在氮气气氛下,将74.4g(0.50mol)的3-(氯甲基)庚烷投入到具备搅拌机、温度计和冷却器的500mL容量的四口烧瓶内,慢慢地加入187.8g(0.75mol)的28%甲基硫醇钠水溶液,温度维持在60℃搅拌2小时。向其中加入50mL二氯甲烷,搅拌10分钟后,分取二氯甲烷层,用30mL超纯水清洗1次。向得到的二氯甲烷层加入102.0g(1.05mol)35%双氧水,温度维持在60℃搅拌2小时,通过蒸馏二氯甲烷层,得到86.5g无色透明的甲基-2-乙基己基砜液体。所得到的甲基-2-乙基己基砜的收率相对于3-(氯甲基)庚烷为90%。
关于得到的甲基-2-乙基己基砜的熔点和放热开始温度,在氮气气氛下,使用差示扫描量热计进行测定。另外,关于水的溶解度,通过使用卡尔费休电量滴定装置,对饱和溶解有水的该砜化合物的水分量进行测定来求出水的溶解度。
另外,所得到的甲基-2-乙基己基砜因为具有以下物性,因而能够得以确定。1-H-NMR(400MHz,溶剂:CDCl3):0.92(m,6H),1.30(m,3H),1.52(m,4H),2.06(m,2H),2.91(S,3H),2.95(d,J=5.9Hz,2H)
元素分析:C 56.2;H 10.5;S 16.7(计算值C 56.2;H 10.2;S 16.7)
将实施例1中的熔点、放热开始温度以及水的溶解度的测定结果与作为比较例1的碳酸亚丙酯、作为比较例2的环丁砜一同列于表1。
表1
工业实用性
根据本发明,能够提供一种熔点较低、热稳定性优异的非质子性极性溶剂,其主要用作电化学器件用溶剂等。
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