CN102203540B - 嵌装式组件的嵌装元件 - Google Patents

嵌装式组件的嵌装元件 Download PDF

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CN102203540B
CN102203540B CN200980104384.9A CN200980104384A CN102203540B CN 102203540 B CN102203540 B CN 102203540B CN 200980104384 A CN200980104384 A CN 200980104384A CN 102203540 B CN102203540 B CN 102203540B
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妮娜·沃伊克
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于气体与液体之间材料-和/或热交换的嵌装式组件的嵌装元件(1)，设有作为与至少另一个同类型嵌装元件(1)插接的插塞(2)和掏空部分(3)。为了简化尤其是有较大材料厚度的嵌装元件(1)的插接，给掏空部分(3)分配有环状槽段(6)。

Description

嵌装式组件的嵌装元件
本发明涉及一种用于气体与液体之间物质交换和／或热交换的嵌装式组件的嵌装元件，其具有与至少另一个同类型嵌装元件插接的插塞和掏空部分。
DE19733480C2公开了一种此类嵌装元件，其在与其它同类型嵌装元件组合的状态下用作所谓嵌装式组件，该嵌装式组件例如设置在湿式冷却塔中，以便一方面让待冷却的热水从上向下通过嵌装式组件流动，另一方面引导横流和／或对流的冷空气流过这个嵌装式组件。在这种情况下，每个嵌装元件由一个可以具有制成波浪状表面结构的片状体构成，以扩大气体与液体之间的接触面。为了将几个嵌装元件相互连接，有人建议这些嵌装元件都具有相应的插塞和掏空部分，以便相邻的嵌装元件彼此插接。掏空部分和插塞的具体实施形式仅示于图7中，可以采用蘑菇头状的插塞。
此外，DE4241859A1公开了一种热交换器的片状元件，该片状元件可以经过与其它同类型片状元件卡接组成一个喷淋体。按照图3，插塞是蘑菇头状设计的；按照权利要求4，片状元件至少在与插塞相应的孔的范围中是有弹性的。因此，插塞可以较轻松地推入到孔中并借助于片状元件材料的弹性实现插接。由于在此文献中所提到的片状元件的薄膜材料的优选厚度仅为0.2mm或0.4mm，这个弹性始终是可以确保的。然而，如果为片状元件选择较厚的材料，则这样一种弹性实际上不再可以在孔的周围实现。
因此，本发明的任务是创造一种开头时所提到类型的嵌装元件，该元件以较简单的方式和很小的能量消耗可与其它同类型的片状元件插接，其中一次形成的插接要可持久保持。
按照本发明，在开头时所提到类型的嵌装元件的情况下，以这样的方式实现这个任务的第一个方案，即，各掏空部分配设有至少一个环状槽段。
本发明创造一种嵌装元件，该元件基本上具有公知的嵌装元件那样的结构和形状，带有用于与其它嵌装元件插接的插塞和掏空部分。通过为嵌装元件的每个掏空部分配设至少一个附加的环状槽段，大大地简单化了彼此的插接和定位。在将对应于掏空部分形成的插塞引入和插进时，进入的插塞将嵌装元件的材料在掏空部分周围的范围内向环状槽段中挤压或使其移动。为此不需要特别大的力消耗，即使在较大的厚度时，例如1至3mm时。环状槽段的适宜的并因此而技术上简单的实施方案是通过嵌装元件材料中的凹穴形成。
不言而喻，环状槽段的大小和造型是由掏空部分和对应的插塞的大小和造型来决定的。例如，在基本上是锥形或蘑菇头状的插塞时，环状槽段优选形成为圆弧段，以便在掏空部分的边缘区确保均匀的材料挤压。
作为这种类型嵌装元件的材料，通常采用塑料，如聚乙烯或聚丙烯，因此，在制作嵌装元件时这种类型附加的环状槽段可以毫无问题地在掏空部分的范围内形成。在这种情况下，这种类型的塑料材料还具有足够的弹性，以便一方面在插塞引入掏空部分时嵌装元件周围的材料有可能退回进到环状槽段中，另一方面确保在插入之后这个材料又再复位到初始状态。
当然，可以在一个嵌装元件上设有多个这种类型的插塞和／或掏空部分以及环状间隙段，以便例如一个大面积的嵌装元件与另一个嵌装元件在几个点上连接。
特别在嵌装元件的材料厚度较大时，例如数毫米，一般来说只有通过这些附加的环状槽段才能将蘑菇头状的插塞引入和插进相应的掏空部分，从而可以以较简单的方式得到稳定的、可加负载的嵌装式组件。
在第一个优选的实施形式中，嵌装元件在每个掏空部分中具有几个环状槽段，这些环状槽段尤其是对称布置的。例如，两个彼此在对面的圆弧段设置在掏空部分的周围。同样，可以是三个或四个彼此等距离布置的环状槽段。
为了把插塞插接在掏空部分中，优选的是在这个插塞上设计至少一个肩状插接结构。在将插塞引入到掏空部分时，通过这个肩状插接结构将掏空部分边缘区的材料在径向方向看向外挤入到环状槽段中。当插塞进入到掏空部分中足够深时，插塞的引入侧上的肩状插接结构上的一个接触面与嵌装元件上的一个相对的表面相接触。同时，掏空部分周围的材料又可以回复其初始的形状，因为它不再被肩状插接结构排挤，该肩状插接结构在径向方向看突出于插塞上的一区域，例如该区域为杆状成形的。
优选的是，在插塞上设计几个这种类型的肩状插接结构或插接凸起，特别是，这些肩状插接结构彼此对称。例如，在插塞上可以设计两个彼此相对的肩状插接结构。也可以设置三个或四个肩状插接结构。也有可能设计一个连续围绕插塞周围分布的凸缘，也就是将插塞造型成蘑菇头状。
按照一个特别优选的实施形式，插塞上的插接凸起对应嵌装元件中的环状槽段。这意味着，在插塞的圆周方向看，一个或几个肩状插接结构布置在掏空部分周围的环状槽段区域内，使得在插塞插入时突起的肩状插接结构可以把嵌装元件的材料排挤到环状槽段中。
为了提高由几个彼此插接嵌装元件组成的嵌装式组件的稳定性，也为了提高嵌装元件的结合，可以在嵌装元件中设计一个或几个附加的缺口或孔，它们在组合状态下总是彼此对正。可以引导一个棒状或管状的塑料或金属拉杆穿过这些缺口，其中嵌装式组件的外层可以用本身公知的固定剂固定在或压紧在拉杆上。
按照上面所提任务的第二个完成方案，作为一种替换形式或者补充，插塞的至少一部分长度上可以是空心的或切缝的，使插塞至少在其直径上局部是弹性的。这在制作这类嵌装元件时容易实现。如果将如此设计的插塞穿过对应的掏空部分，则掏空部分的边缘区将在插塞外周上形成的肩状插接结构在径向上向内压。插塞插好之后或者说它的肩状插接结构穿过该另一嵌装元件的掏空部分之后，插塞又复位到它初始状态。当然，在这种类型的插塞上也可以设计几个上述类型的材料掏空部分和／或几个上述类型的肩状插接结构。这时，在另一嵌装元件上的掏空部分可以是没有对应环状槽段的简单缺口。
从原理上讲，也可以使在这类的嵌装元件上不仅在掏空部分周围设计一个或几个环状槽段，而且插塞长度的至少一部分上是空心的或切缝的。
在另一实施形式中优选的是，在插塞上设有一个从插塞的一端开始，沿纵向在插塞长度一部分上延伸的空心通道-或开缝状的材料掏空部分。这样的材料掏空部分在制作简便的同时，在插塞的径向方向上产生所希望有的插塞蠕变性。
特别是为了成本低廉制作和为了良好耐疲劳强度的目的，优选的是，嵌装元件为塑料喷注件的整体制作的网格状垫或波浪板。
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的两个实施例。其中：
图1带有插塞的嵌装元件的截面透视图，图中所示为插塞引入另一嵌装元件上的相应的掏空部分中之前的状况；
图2在掏空部分中插接的插塞的剖面图；
图3在掏空部分中插接插塞的一替代实施形式的剖面图。
嵌装元件1(优选由对此适用的塑料构成)通过插塞2和对应的掏空部分3彼此插接，以(例如为冷却塔)形成嵌装式组件。这种类型(例如以网格状垫形式的)嵌装元件1在上面摘录的现有技术中是公知的。其中，插塞2要么在制作嵌装元件1时与其一体形成，要么随后用基脚元件粘到或焊到嵌装元件上。
附图的图1以透视图示出嵌装元件1a的插塞2，该插塞在如通过箭头E所指的引入方向上引入到另一个同类型构造的嵌装元件1b的对应掏空部分3中。
在插塞2上成形有两个彼此面对面的肩状插接结构4。在插塞2穿过掏空部分3时，肩状插接结构4将掏空部分3的边缘区5中的材料挤向两个彼此面对面的圆弧状的环状槽段6中。为此，嵌装元件1的材料具有足够的柔韧性。
原理上讲，在此称作为嵌装元件1a的构件也可以是个基脚元件，其例如是焊在嵌装元件1上。
在图2中示出的是第一个嵌装元件1a的插塞2完全插进掏空部分3的情形。在嵌装元件1b中，在掏空部分3周围边缘区5中的材料又返回到它的初始位置，致使环状槽段6又以原来的尺寸存在。由于与掏空部分3相比肩状插接结构4有较大的直径，肩状插接结构4穿过嵌装元件1b中的掏空部分3，接触到边缘区5上的材料表面。这样，实际上排除了插塞2从掏空部分3中的自动抽回，而这种自动抽回是不希望出现的。
最后，在图3中示出了插塞2的一个变通实施形式，在此，在插塞2中形成一个材料掏空部分7，例如在用喷注法制作插塞2的情况下。
在插塞2穿过掏空部分3时，将肩状插接结构4中的那些突出于下面的(在图中插塞2左边的)杆状部分的材料向内压入到材料掏空部分7中。插塞2完全穿过掏空部分3后，插塞2又回复到它原来的形状。在这种插塞2的情况下，围绕掏空部分3的环状槽段6不必留下来。
但是，原理上讲，可以在嵌装元件1上既设置附加的环状槽段6，也设置材料掏空部分7。
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Claims (4)

1.用于气体与液体之间物质交换和／或热交换的嵌装式组件的嵌装元件(1)，该嵌装元件包括具有一定厚度的主体，该主体带有从主体凸出的插塞和在主体内的掏空部分，插塞和掏空部分分别用于与至少另一个同类型嵌装元件(1)的插塞(2)和掏空部分(3)插接，包括：
分配给每个掏空部分的两个环形槽段，环形槽段贯穿嵌装元件的主体的整个厚度；
成形在每个插塞上的两个肩状插接结构，其从插塞径向向外凸起，这样，在肩状插接结构之间的插塞端的周围部分没有径向延伸超过插塞表面，两个肩状插接结构沿圆周方向间距180°，每个肩状插接结构在插入侧具有一个锥形面，
每个环状槽段具有比每个肩状插接结构的角度范围更大的角度范围；
环状槽段(6)和肩状插接结构(4)彼此相应地设置，使得在插塞(2)压入掏空部分(3)时，肩状插接结构(4)将掏空部分(3)的边缘区域(5)上的材料挤压到环状槽段(6)内，而在插塞(2)完全插入掏空部分(3)之后，掏空部分(3)的边缘区域(5)上的材料又回复到其初始位置，
由肩状插接结构(4)挤压进环状槽段(6)的掏空部分(3)的边缘区域(5)的材料上有两个在掏空部分插入侧上的锥形部分，该锥形部分位置与插塞上的肩状插接结构的两个锥形面配合，形状与肩状插接结构(4)的锥形面基本对应，插塞(2)携带肩状插接结构插入掏空部分(3)时，该锥形部分作为肩状插接结构(4)的导向表面。
2.如权利要求1的嵌装元件(1)，其特征在于：环状槽段(6)同心并对称地设置在掏空部分(3)周围的一条共同圆环线上。
3.如权利要求1-2中任一项的嵌装元件(1)，其特征在于：在嵌装元件(1)上设有附加的缺口，这些缺口在由几个彼此连接的嵌装元件(1)构成的嵌装式组件中形成一个对中的结构。
4.如权利要求1-2中任一项的嵌装元件(1)，其特征在于：其为作为塑料喷注件而整体制作的网格状垫或波浪板。
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