US20030232172A1 - Ceramic packing element - Google Patents
Ceramic packing element Download PDFInfo
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- US20030232172A1 US20030232172A1 US10/167,893 US16789302A US2003232172A1 US 20030232172 A1 US20030232172 A1 US 20030232172A1 US 16789302 A US16789302 A US 16789302A US 2003232172 A1 US2003232172 A1 US 2003232172A1
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- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30203—Saddle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30223—Cylinder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30242—Star
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30246—Square or square-derived
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30296—Other shapes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30416—Ceramic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30475—Composition or microstructure of the elements comprising catalytically active material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/31—Size details
- B01J2219/312—Sizes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/318—Manufacturing aspects
- B01J2219/3183—Molding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/318—Manufacturing aspects
- B01J2219/3185—Pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/318—Manufacturing aspects
- B01J2219/3188—Extruding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
- Y10S261/72—Packing elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
Definitions
- This invention relates to packing elements of the type that are often called “random” or “dumped” packings. Such packings are used to fill towers units in which mass or heat transfer processes occur. A particularly important application is the use of such ceramic elements in heat recovery operations where it is necessary to provide maximum effective contact with hot fluids passing through the reactor. Another key factor in maximizing efficiency is the maintenance of as low a pressure difference between top and bottom of the tower as possible. To ensure this the packing elements should present the minimum resistance to flow. This is promoted by very open structures but open structure alone is of limited use if the elements in the tower nest together such that parts of one packing element penetrate within the space of a second element. It is therefore important that the design of the elements minimize the tendency of the elements to nest together.
- bed topping material which is intended to keep material within a bed confined with limited ability to be entrained in a gas flow or to be caused to move around by such a flow. Such entrainment or abrasion typically causes significant losses to the material in the bed.
- the present invention relates particularly to ceramic packing elements that are produced by an extrusion or a dry-pressing process and hence have an essentially uniform cross-section along one axial direction which provides an axis of symmetry for the element.
- Several such shapes have been described in the art ranging from the very simple to the complex. All are based on an essentially cylindrical shape and differ basically in the internal structure within the cylindrical shape. The simplest structure is a basic cylinder with no internal structure at all. This type of structure is often called a Raschig ring and has been known for many years.
- At the other end of the complexity scale are the structures described in U.S. Design Pat. No. 455,029 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,915.
- Many simple wagon-wheel shapes such as are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,907,710 and 4,510,263. Others show deformed cylindrical structures such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,304,423.
- the pressure drop is less important since the thickness of the bed limiter layer is relatively small. It is far more important that the packing elements do not nest together and still allow free passage of gases while being heavier that the elements comprising the bed on which the packing elements rest and whose extent is thereby limited
- the present invention provides a solid ceramic packing element having an essentially uniform cross-section along an axis of symmetry in the direction of extrusion defining the length of the element and first and second concave external surfaces at the ends of height and width axes respectively perpendicular to the length direction, said concave surfaces being connected by convex surfaces, and the element being provided with at least four through passages in the length direction.
- the provision of an essentially uniform cross-section along the direction defining the length of the element does not preclude the provision of ends to the element that are not perpendicular to the length direction. Indeed it is often preferred that the ends be cut at an angle to the length direction since this is found to reduce the incidence of “nesting” or alignment of the elements in a manner that increases the pressure drop across a reactor containing the elements.
- the ends can also be cut to have concave, convex, or dentate appearances in cross-section.
- the element can be formed by a pressing or molding process in which case relatively small intermediate flat surfaces may be included on the exterior surfaces at the junction between the concave and convex surfaces to facilitate easy handling of the product during forming.
- the intermediate flat surfaces are short relative to the concave and convex surfaces and are intended merely to facilitate handling in a production process in which the elements are molded rather than extruded.
- the width and height dimensions of the element are unequal with the ratio of width to height being from 1.25:1 to 3:1 and more preferably from about 1.3:1 to 2.0:1.
- the cross-section perpendicular to the length of the preferred elements of the invention resembles the classic “dog-bone” or “bow tie” shape.
- the length dimension is preferably less than the width with the preferred width to length ratio being from 1.5:1 to 5:1 and more preferably from 1.5:1 to 4:1.
- passages through the element there are at least three passages through the element and the preferred number can be anything from 4 to 275 and preferably from 7 to 20.
- the passages through the element are preferably uniformly spaced and can have any desired cross-section. However since the purpose of the passages is to reduce the pressure drop across a bed comprising the elements, round cross-sections are preferred. Clearly the larger the number of passages the smaller the cross-section must be. It is preferred therefore that the cross-section of the passages does nor exceed one half the smallest dimension of the element and is more preferably not greater than one third of this dimension. For practical reasons it is often preferred that the passages are identical in dimensions and are round. In the cross-section of the packing element, the area represented by the passages can be from 20 to 75% and more preferably from 40 to 67%, of the total cross-section of the element.
- the element is conveniently extruded from a ceramic material and this is understood to embrace ceramic materials such as for example those based on aluminosilicate clays, alumina, zirconia, cordierite, titania, alone or in admixture with one another or other ceramic-forming components.
- the element has a porous construction making it suitable for use also as carrier for a catalyst deposited within the pores of the element as well as within the through passages of the element. It is possible therefore to provide for a catalyst bed comprising conventional porous catalyst-on-carrier components and limit that bed with elements according to the invention that not only provide the bed-limiting function but also serve to react with any remaining reactants that were not converted during passage through the portion of the bed containing the catalyst-bearing components.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a bed limiter packing element of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a similar element to that shown in FIG. 1 except for the provision of flat exterior portions connecting the convex and concave portions.
- FIGS. 3 ( a to d ) shows four different side views illustrating possible end configurations of the element.
- a bed limiter packing element, 1 is shown in cross-section along the length dimension.
- the element has a width dimension, W, and a height dimension, H, with the W:H ratio being about 1.5:1.
- first concave surfaces, 2 At either end of the height dimension are first concave surfaces, 2 , and at either end of the width dimension are second concave surfaces, 3 .
- second concave surfaces are connected by convex surfaces, 4 . Since the element has a uniform cross-section along its length the concave surfaces can be regarded as channels in the outside surface of the element running the length of the element.
- a plurality of passages, 5 run through the element parallel to the length dimension. The passages are preferably round in cross-section and in the illustrated element have the same diameter, which represents about one third of the height dimension.
- FIG. 3 four optional ways of forming the ends of the elements are shown.
- the drawing shows, (for left and right ends respectively in each case), concave and straight-cut ends; two dentate-cut ends; two concave ends; and dentate and concave ends.
Abstract
The invention provides an improved ceramic bed limiter packing element having a uniform cross-section in the length direction with the basic shape of a bow-tie and having a plurality of through passages parallel to the length dimension.
Description
- This invention relates to packing elements of the type that are often called “random” or “dumped” packings. Such packings are used to fill towers units in which mass or heat transfer processes occur. A particularly important application is the use of such ceramic elements in heat recovery operations where it is necessary to provide maximum effective contact with hot fluids passing through the reactor. Another key factor in maximizing efficiency is the maintenance of as low a pressure difference between top and bottom of the tower as possible. To ensure this the packing elements should present the minimum resistance to flow. This is promoted by very open structures but open structure alone is of limited use if the elements in the tower nest together such that parts of one packing element penetrate within the space of a second element. It is therefore important that the design of the elements minimize the tendency of the elements to nest together. Another particularly important application is as a bed topping material which is intended to keep material within a bed confined with limited ability to be entrained in a gas flow or to be caused to move around by such a flow. Such entrainment or abrasion typically causes significant losses to the material in the bed.
- The present invention relates particularly to ceramic packing elements that are produced by an extrusion or a dry-pressing process and hence have an essentially uniform cross-section along one axial direction which provides an axis of symmetry for the element. Several such shapes have been described in the art ranging from the very simple to the complex. All are based on an essentially cylindrical shape and differ basically in the internal structure within the cylindrical shape. The simplest structure is a basic cylinder with no internal structure at all. This type of structure is often called a Raschig ring and has been known for many years. At the other end of the complexity scale are the structures described in U.S. Design Pat. No. 455,029 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,915. Between the extremes there are simple wagon-wheel shapes such as are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,907,710 and 4,510,263. Others show deformed cylindrical structures such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,304,423.
- For certain applications, such as bed limiters, the pressure drop is less important since the thickness of the bed limiter layer is relatively small. It is far more important that the packing elements do not nest together and still allow free passage of gases while being heavier that the elements comprising the bed on which the packing elements rest and whose extent is thereby limited
- The present invention provides a solid ceramic packing element having an essentially uniform cross-section along an axis of symmetry in the direction of extrusion defining the length of the element and first and second concave external surfaces at the ends of height and width axes respectively perpendicular to the length direction, said concave surfaces being connected by convex surfaces, and the element being provided with at least four through passages in the length direction.
- The provision of an essentially uniform cross-section along the direction defining the length of the element does not preclude the provision of ends to the element that are not perpendicular to the length direction. Indeed it is often preferred that the ends be cut at an angle to the length direction since this is found to reduce the incidence of “nesting” or alignment of the elements in a manner that increases the pressure drop across a reactor containing the elements. The ends can also be cut to have concave, convex, or dentate appearances in cross-section.
- Alternatively the element can be formed by a pressing or molding process in which case relatively small intermediate flat surfaces may be included on the exterior surfaces at the junction between the concave and convex surfaces to facilitate easy handling of the product during forming. The intermediate flat surfaces are short relative to the concave and convex surfaces and are intended merely to facilitate handling in a production process in which the elements are molded rather than extruded.
- In a preferred element of the invention, the width and height dimensions of the element are unequal with the ratio of width to height being from 1.25:1 to 3:1 and more preferably from about 1.3:1 to 2.0:1. Thus, in visual terms, the cross-section perpendicular to the length of the preferred elements of the invention resembles the classic “dog-bone” or “bow tie” shape.
- The length dimension is preferably less than the width with the preferred width to length ratio being from 1.5:1 to 5:1 and more preferably from 1.5:1 to 4:1.
- There are at least three passages through the element and the preferred number can be anything from 4 to 275 and preferably from 7 to 20. The passages through the element are preferably uniformly spaced and can have any desired cross-section. However since the purpose of the passages is to reduce the pressure drop across a bed comprising the elements, round cross-sections are preferred. Clearly the larger the number of passages the smaller the cross-section must be. It is preferred therefore that the cross-section of the passages does nor exceed one half the smallest dimension of the element and is more preferably not greater than one third of this dimension. For practical reasons it is often preferred that the passages are identical in dimensions and are round. In the cross-section of the packing element, the area represented by the passages can be from 20 to 75% and more preferably from 40 to 67%, of the total cross-section of the element.
- The element is conveniently extruded from a ceramic material and this is understood to embrace ceramic materials such as for example those based on aluminosilicate clays, alumina, zirconia, cordierite, titania, alone or in admixture with one another or other ceramic-forming components.
- In addition to use the use as a bed limiter or as a regular packing element providing mass transfer surfaces, it is possible to provided that the element has a porous construction making it suitable for use also as carrier for a catalyst deposited within the pores of the element as well as within the through passages of the element. It is possible therefore to provide for a catalyst bed comprising conventional porous catalyst-on-carrier components and limit that bed with elements according to the invention that not only provide the bed-limiting function but also serve to react with any remaining reactants that were not converted during passage through the portion of the bed containing the catalyst-bearing components.
- It is foreseeable that elements with the design features described above and having bed-limiting functions could be provided by elements made from plastic materials rather than ceramics.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a bed limiter packing element of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a similar element to that shown in FIG. 1 except for the provision of flat exterior portions connecting the convex and concave portions.
- FIGS.3(a to d) shows four different side views illustrating possible end configurations of the element.
- The invention is now more particularly described with reference to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1. This is not intended to imply any necessary limitations in the scope of the invention because it will be readily appreciated that many minor variations could be made without departing from the essential spirit of the invention.
- In FIG. 1 a bed limiter packing element,1, is shown in cross-section along the length dimension. The element has a width dimension, W, and a height dimension, H, with the W:H ratio being about 1.5:1. At either end of the height dimension are first concave surfaces, 2, and at either end of the width dimension are second concave surfaces, 3. These first and second concave surfaces are connected by convex surfaces, 4. Since the element has a uniform cross-section along its length the concave surfaces can be regarded as channels in the outside surface of the element running the length of the element. A plurality of passages, 5, run through the element parallel to the length dimension. The passages are preferably round in cross-section and in the illustrated element have the same diameter, which represents about one third of the height dimension.
- In the embodiment of FIG. 2 small flat exterior surfaces,6, connect the concave and convex sections. The shape is however otherwise the same.
- In FIG. 3 four optional ways of forming the ends of the elements are shown. In FIGS. 3a to 3 d the drawing shows, (for left and right ends respectively in each case), concave and straight-cut ends; two dentate-cut ends; two concave ends; and dentate and concave ends.
Claims (10)
1. A ceramic packing element having an essentially uniform cross-section along an axis passing through the center of the element and about which the element is symmetrical defining the length of the element, and first and second concave external surfaces at the ends of height and width axes respectively perpendicular to the length direction, said concave surfaces being connected by surfaces that are selected from convex surfaces and convex surfaces connected to the concave surfaces by relatively short intermediate flat surfaces, and the element being provided with at least three through passages in the length direction.
2. An element according to claim 1 in which the concave surfaces are connected directly to convex surfaces.
3. An element according to claim 1 in which the width and height dimensions of the element are unequal with the ratio of width to height being from 1.25:1 to 3:1.
4. An element according to claim 2 in which the width and height dimensions of the element are in a ratio of from about 1.3:1 to 2.0:1.
5. An element according to claim 1 in which the ratio of the width to the length is from 1.5:1 to 5:1.
6. An element according to claim 1 in which the element is provided with from 3 to 275 passageways.
7. An element according to claim 5 in which the passageways are round in cross-section and the diameter of each is less than one half of the height of the element.
8. An element according to claim 5 in which the passageways have identical dimensions.
9. An element according to claim 1 in which the total cross-sectional are of the passages represents from 20 to 75% of the total cross-sectional area of the element.
10. An element according to claim 1 in which the ceramic is a porous material.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/167,893 US20030232172A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Ceramic packing element |
US10/517,545 US7246795B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
JP2004512908A JP2005532893A (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic filling element |
KR1020047020170A KR100705300B1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
DE10392798T DE10392798B4 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic filler element |
RU2005100753/15A RU2281156C2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic element for packing and method of forming layer of packing elements |
PCT/US2003/017994 WO2003106017A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
AU2003245413A AU2003245413A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
US11/880,546 US20080029201A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2007-07-23 | Ceramic packing element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/167,893 US20030232172A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Ceramic packing element |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/517,545 Continuation-In-Part US7246795B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
US10517545 Continuation | 2003-06-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030232172A1 true US20030232172A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
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Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/167,893 Abandoned US20030232172A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Ceramic packing element |
US10/517,545 Expired - Lifetime US7246795B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
US11/880,546 Abandoned US20080029201A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2007-07-23 | Ceramic packing element |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/517,545 Expired - Lifetime US7246795B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-09 | Ceramic packing element |
US11/880,546 Abandoned US20080029201A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2007-07-23 | Ceramic packing element |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20030232172A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005532893A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100705300B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003245413A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10392798B4 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2281156C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003106017A1 (en) |
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EP1577005A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-21 | Vereinigte Füllkörper-Fabriken GmbH & Co. KG | Packing element |
US20060204414A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Bed support media |
US20060251555A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-11-09 | Dean Warner | Bed support media |
EP2396110A2 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2011-12-21 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics Inc. | Vessel containing fluid distribution media |
CN113195096A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-07-30 | 托普索公司 | Catalyst particle shape |
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WO2006058097A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-06-01 | Entex Technologies Inc. | System for treating wastewater and a controlled reaction-volume module usable therein |
US7862013B2 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2011-01-04 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Packing element for use in a chemical processing apparatus |
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- 2003-06-09 WO PCT/US2003/017994 patent/WO2003106017A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-06-09 US US10/517,545 patent/US7246795B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-09 JP JP2004512908A patent/JP2005532893A/en active Pending
- 2003-06-09 AU AU2003245413A patent/AU2003245413A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-09 DE DE10392798T patent/DE10392798B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-09 KR KR1020047020170A patent/KR100705300B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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US2183657A (en) * | 1934-11-26 | 1939-12-19 | Arthur A Page | Aerobic filter |
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EP1577005A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-21 | Vereinigte Füllkörper-Fabriken GmbH & Co. KG | Packing element |
US20060204414A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Bed support media |
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CN113195096A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-07-30 | 托普索公司 | Catalyst particle shape |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2005100753A (en) | 2005-07-10 |
US20050212153A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
US20080029201A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
US7246795B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
JP2005532893A (en) | 2005-11-04 |
KR100705300B1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
DE10392798B4 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
RU2281156C2 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
DE10392798T5 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
AU2003245413A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
KR20050055627A (en) | 2005-06-13 |
WO2003106017A1 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SAINT-GOBAIN NORPRO CORPORATION, OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NIKNAFS, HASSAN S.;ROBINETTE, RICHARD N.;DAHAR, STEPHEN L.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:013017/0506 Effective date: 20020607 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |