CN102180724A - Preparation method for light soilless culture substrate material - Google Patents
Preparation method for light soilless culture substrate material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102180724A CN102180724A CN2010106036511A CN201010603651A CN102180724A CN 102180724 A CN102180724 A CN 102180724A CN 2010106036511 A CN2010106036511 A CN 2010106036511A CN 201010603651 A CN201010603651 A CN 201010603651A CN 102180724 A CN102180724 A CN 102180724A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for a light soilless culture substrate material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: selecting raw materials which are particular and powdery waste with the particle size of less than 1.5 mm generated in the production process of ternary porous tobacco stalk particles; performing solvent extraction; and adjusting moisture, namely adjusting the water content of the extracted raw materials to be 12 to 14 percent, to obtain the required light soilless culture substrate material. By the preparation method, the problem of emission of the waste in the production of the porous tobacco stalk particles is solved; and the novel soilless culture substrate material can be provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the soilless culture technical field of material, especially utilize the production of cigarettes waste to prepare soilless culture material technology field.
Technical background
Ternary porous cabo particle has lowering harm and decreasing coking, the raising cigarette props up advantages such as suction quality, reduction raw materials cost, and possesses good characterization of adsorption, is a kind of novel material that is applied to cigarette industry.Ternary porous cabo particle is that tobacco stalk raw material is handled through microwave expansion, chemical ingredients and physical structure change, become the offal of swelling state, expanded cabo passes through ageing, moisture regain, granulation, screening, finalizes the design, cleans and the processing of selection by winnowing operation, makes the cigarette tobacco leaf formulation raw material of particle diameter between 1.5mm～3.3mm.
Ternary porous expanded cabo particle material produces particle and the powdered material of 20%～30% particle diameter less than 1.5mm because the preparation method is producing 1.5mm～3.3mm grade scope material simultaneously.Small-particle and powdered material are consistent with qualified porous cabo particle products material source, and processing mode is identical, contains a large amount of tobacco components, as nicotiana alkaloids, starch, sugar, protein etc.Adopt at present usually simple the burning or the discard processing method, not only wasted resource but also contaminate environment.
Soilless culture is a new agricultural technology, has water-saving, economizes fertile, labour-saving characteristics.Soilless culture is subjected to the influence of environment less, can be widely used in fields such as indoor plant decoration, roof greening, urban three-dimensional green.Along with its range of application constantly enlarges, state of the art improves rapidly, has developed into a real industrialized production in agriculture and modern important technology.The principal mode of soilless culture is substrate culture, and peat is a kind of ideal matrix, but peat is Nonrenewable resources, forbids overexploitation, and comprehensive production cost height such as the exploitation of peat and trucking costs.Utilizing organic waste synthesis of solid matrix, is the research focus of soilless culture substrate.Chinese patent CN200410023791.6 discloses synthesis of solid matrix such as utilizing rice husk, coconut palm slag, nut-shell.Chinese patent CN200910018376.4 discloses a kind of organic culture substrate and preparation method, this cultivation matrix with the discarded wood chip of paper industry and paper mill sludge ferments respectively and compost treatment after, being mixed by certain volume ratio obtains.Chinese patent CN200910090033.9 provides a kind of lily culture medium that utilizes the cornstalk preparation.And the waste that adopts cabo particle production prepares the method for soilless culture material and does not appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the rejected material of production porous cabo particle is applied to the soilless culture field, provide a kind of waste that utilizes cabo particle production to prepare the method for organic soilless cultivation substrate material, both solved the waste discharge problem that the porous cabo particle is produced, a kind of novel soilless culture substrate material can be provided again.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods, its preparation method is as follows
1. select raw material: with the particle diameter that produces in the ternary porous cabo particle production process less than the particle of 1.5mm and powdery waste material as raw material;
2. solvent extraction: raw material is carried out extraction treatment with extraction solvent;
3. regulate moisture: the water ratio that will extract the back raw material is adjusted to 12%～14%, is required light soil-less cultivation matrix material.
Raw material of the present invention be the porous cabo particle screening, clean with the wind election process treating processes in the particle diameter that produces less than particle and the powdery waste material of 1.5mm.The chemical ingredients of raw material is: total sugar content 10%～18%, reducing sugar content 8%～16%, nicotine content 0.3%～1.5%, total nitrogen content 1.0%～2.0%.Described extraction solvent is a kind of in water, ethanol, methyl alcohol, dme, the sherwood oil.When making water, cabo particle is carried out centrifuge dehydration after finishing extraction treatment as extraction solvent.The method of water extraction feed is, uses 30 ℃～60 ℃ warm water, is 1: 1～1: 3 with liquid-solid ratio, and extracting twice extracts time 2h～4h at every turn; After finishing extracting operation, use whizzer centrifuge dehydration to 20%.When using a kind of in ethanol, methyl alcohol, dme, the sherwood oil, use high-temperature steam that cabo particle is carried out solvent removal after finishing extraction treatment as extraction solvent.The present invention adopts the water ratio of the cabo particle after microwave drying or roller drying will extract to be adjusted to 12%～14%.The present invention also can add 0～5% liquid fertilizer by weight percentage in the light soil-less cultivation matrix material for preparing after, 5%～100% ratio and other substrate materials are mixed by weight percentage again, prepare the soilless culture material.
The present invention is a raw material with turnary porous granule Production Line waste material in the cigarette industry, with art breading such as the extraction of raw material process, dryings, prepare a kind of novel light soil-less organic matrix material, be applied to afforest the soilless culture of decorative plant, efficiently solve porous cabo particle production line discharging wastes problem.
The present invention has the following advantages at least:
1, the product for preparing is without microbial fermentation, and internal structure has the character of porous, many cavitys, can water conservation, protect fertilely, have the effect of slow release fertilizer;
2, product density is little, and quality is fluffy, and the fertilizer efficiency height is easy to processing and use.
3, the particle diameter of the accounting about 20%～30% that produces in the production of the ternary porous cabo particle waste less than 1.5mm is rationally utilized, produce high added value organic soilless cultivation matrix, improve porous cabo particle production technique.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but it is not the qualification to protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The waste material 50kg that collects screening operation in the ternary porous cabo particle production process is as raw material, and raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts 50 ℃～60 ℃ warm water soaking extractions, and aqueous solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 1, and extracting twice extracts time 2h at every turn.With centrifuge dewatering to 20%, being dried to moisture content is 14% then, obtains cabo particle cultivation matrix material.
Mix cabo particle cultivation matrix material in the roof cultivation substrate material (this substrate material is the mixture of slag and fertilizer) that is fitted on other according to the addition of weight ratio 70%, obtain a kind of novel soilless culture material, being used for the plantation on lawn, roof greening Manila, grows fine in the lawn.
Embodiment 2
The waste material 50kg that collects screening operation in the ternary porous cabo particle production process is as raw material, and raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts 30 ℃～40 ℃ warm water soaking extractions, and aqueous solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 3, and extracting twice extracts time 4h at every turn.With centrifuge dewatering to 20%, being dried to moisture content is 13% then, obtains cabo particle cultivation matrix material.
Cabo particle cultivation matrix material is added the liquid fertilizer of weight ratio 4%, mix in the roof cultivation substrate material that is fitted on other by weight 100% addition again, obtain a kind of novel soilless culture material.
Embodiment 3
The waste material 20kg that collects screening operation in the ternary porous cabo particle production process is as raw material, and raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts 40 ℃～50 ℃ warm water soaking extractions, and aqueous solution liquid-solid ratio is 1:: 2, soak twice, each soak time 3h.With centrifuge dewatering to 20%, being dried to moisture content is 14% then, obtains cabo particle cultivation matrix material.
Embodiment 4
Collect screening in the porous cabo particle production process, clean waste material 10kg with the selection by winnowing operation as raw material, the composition of raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts the alcohol immersion extraction under 40 ℃, the soak solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 2, and soaking number of times is twice, soaks 3h at every turn.Raw material after soaking is carried out high-temperature steam (more than 100 ℃) carrying out precipitation treatment to water ratio 20%, be dried to moisture 12% then and obtain cabo particle cultivation matrix material.
Cabo particle cultivation matrix material is added the liquid fertilizer of weight ratio 3%, mix in the matrix that is fitted on indoor cultivation plant venushair fern according to the addition of weight ratio 10%, venushair fern matrix is 60% perlite and 40% fertilizer, and venushair fern grows fine.
Embodiment 5
Collect screening in the porous cabo particle production process, clean waste material 100kg with the selection by winnowing operation as raw material, the composition of raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts methyl alcohol to soak extraction under 40 ℃, and the soak solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 3, and extraction times is twice, extracts 3h at every turn.Product carries out the high-temperature steam carrying out precipitation treatment to water ratio 20%, and microwave drying to moisture 13% obtains cabo particle cultivation matrix material then.
Cabo particle cultivation matrix material is added 5% liquid fertilizer, mix according to 50% addition and be fitted in the tall fescue turf matrix, tall fescue turf matrix is 80% quartz sand and 20% fertilizer, and tall fescue turf grows fine.
Embodiment 6
Collect screening in the porous cabo particle production process, clean waste material 10kg with the selection by winnowing operation as raw material, the composition of raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts dme to soak extraction under 40 ℃, and the soak solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 3, and soaking number of times is twice, soaks 4h at every turn.Product carries out the high-temperature steam carrying out precipitation treatment to water ratio 20%, is dried to moisture 13% then and obtains cabo particle cultivation matrix material.
With cabo particle cultivation matrix material, to mix in the cultivation matrix that is fitted on silver-colored queen according to 5% addition, silver-colored queen's cultivation matrix is river sand, haydite, slag 60% and fertilizer 40%, silver-colored queen is grown fine.
Embodiment 7
Collect screening in the porous cabo particle production process, clean waste material 10kg with the selection by winnowing operation as raw material, the composition of raw material is particle and the powder of particle diameter less than 1.5mm.Raw material adopts sherwood oil to soak extraction under 30 ℃, and the soak solution liquid-solid ratio is 1: 3, and soaking number of times is twice, soaks 4h at every turn.Product carries out the high-temperature steam carrying out precipitation treatment to water ratio 20%, adopts roller drying to moisture 12% to obtain cabo particle cultivation matrix material then.
With the cultivation matrix of cabo particle cultivation matrix material as silver-colored queen, through the long-term observation in 4 years, silver-colored queen was grown fine.
The raw materials used chemical ingredients of the embodiment of the invention is: total sugar content 10%～18%, reducing sugar content 8%～16%, nicotine content 0.3%～1.5%, total nitrogen content 1.0%～2.0%.Used liquid fertilizer is a prior art water soluble fertilizer commonly used, specifically selects for use according to the plant of cultivation.Mix other cultivation matrixes of joining with product of the present invention and all select existing product for use, also can prepare other emerging cultivation matrixes voluntarily.Used technology of the present invention and equipment are prior art as abstraction technique, dry technology, centrifuge dehydration technology etc.
Claims (9)
1. light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods is characterized in that the preparation method is as follows:
1. select raw material: with the particle diameter that produces in the ternary porous cabo particle production process less than the particle of 1.5mm and powdery waste material as raw material;
2. solvent extraction: raw material is carried out extraction treatment with extraction solvent;
3. regulate moisture: the water ratio that will extract the back raw material is adjusted to 12%～14%, is required light soil-less cultivation matrix material.
2. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described raw material be the porous cabo particle screening, clean with the wind election process treating processes in the particle diameter that produces less than particle and the powdery waste material of 1.5mm.
3. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the chemical ingredients of raw material is: total sugar content 10%～18%, reducing sugar content 8%～16%, nicotine content 0.3%～1.5%, total nitrogen content 1.0%～2.0%.
4. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described extraction solvent is a kind of in water, ethanol, methyl alcohol, dme, the sherwood oil.
5. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 4 is characterized in that, when making water as extraction solvent, cabo particle is carried out centrifuge dehydration after finishing extraction treatment.
6. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the method for water extraction feed is, uses 30 ℃～60 ℃ warm water, is 1: 1～1: 3 with liquid-solid ratio, and extracting twice extracts time 2h～4h at every turn; After finishing extracting operation, use whizzer centrifuge dehydration to 20%.
7. a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, when using a kind of in ethanol, methyl alcohol, dme, the sherwood oil, use high-temperature steam that cabo particle is carried out solvent removal after finishing extraction treatment as extraction solvent.
8. according to claims 1 described a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods, it is characterized in that, adopt the water ratio of the cabo particle after microwave drying or roller drying will extract to be adjusted to 12%～14%.
9. according to claims 1 described a kind of light soil-less cultivation matrix preparation methods, it is characterized in that, after in the light soil-less cultivation matrix material for preparing, adding 0～5% liquid fertilizer by weight percentage, 5%～100% ratio and other substrate materials are mixed by weight percentage again, prepare the soilless culture material.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617194A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for preparing organic seedling growing matrix by using tobacco stem |
| CN103355151A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-23 | 四川农业大学 | Matrix for tobacco float breeding |
| CN103922860A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-16 | 扬州大学 | Production method of long-acting ammonium phosphate salt slow release fertilizer granules |
| CN105613242A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-01 | 漳州市隆丰农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation medium suitable for ficus microcarpa |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101627699A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using cabo |
| CN101987799A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-23 | 郑州大学 | Artificial turf as well as manufacturing method and use method thereof |
| CN102267818A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-07 | 郑州大学 | Organic fertilizer and artificial grass peat prepared from dechlorinated tobacco wastes and preparation method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-12-24 CN CN 201010603651 patent/CN102180724B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101987799A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-23 | 郑州大学 | Artificial turf as well as manufacturing method and use method thereof |
| CN101627699A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using cabo |
| CN102267818A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-07 | 郑州大学 | Organic fertilizer and artificial grass peat prepared from dechlorinated tobacco wastes and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102617194A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for preparing organic seedling growing matrix by using tobacco stem |
| CN103355151A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-23 | 四川农业大学 | Matrix for tobacco float breeding |
| CN103355151B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-11-25 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of matrix for tobacco floating seed rearing |
| CN103922860A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-16 | 扬州大学 | Production method of long-acting ammonium phosphate salt slow release fertilizer granules |
| CN105613242A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-01 | 漳州市隆丰农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation medium suitable for ficus microcarpa |
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| CN102180724B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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