CN102766470B - Soil continuous cropping protector and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil continuous cropping protector and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102766470B CN102766470B CN201210276328.7A CN201210276328A CN102766470B CN 102766470 B CN102766470 B CN 102766470B CN 201210276328 A CN201210276328 A CN 201210276328A CN 102766470 B CN102766470 B CN 102766470B
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Abstract
The invention discloses soil continuous cropping protector and a preparation method and application thereof. The soil continuous cropping protector is made from, by weight percent, 30-50% of biological agent and 50-70% of silica solution. The biological agent is made from, by weight, 30-35 parts of chrysanthemum flower, 15-25 parts of fig, 30-35 parts of tea fruit, 5-10 parts of Chinese date, and 5-10 parts of licorice root. The silica solution is 35-45% in mass concentration, and 3.0-3.4 in modulus. The silica solution enables massively accumulated heavy metals in soil, such as cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic, to be nonionic by replacement reaction, and pollution of crops by the heavy metals in the soil is eliminated or relieved. By the soil continuous cropping protector, soil quartz structure is changed, acid-base balance of the soil is corrected, soil basicity is improved, disintegration of organic fertilizers is promoted, soil pathogenic bacteria are inhibited, and the problems of soil continuous cropping obstacles and the like are solved basically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil continuous cropping guarantor, its preparation method and application thereof.
Background technology
For a long time, for ensureing agricultural production and income, in soil, use chemical fertilizer for a long time, cause soil fertility to occur decline, organic deficient, the gas permeability of soil declines, therefore cause Nutrient Elements in Soil to consume excessively, cause free state nutritive element to reduce and form crystal form, causing Soil structure to change, make soil compaction, and cause soil continuous cropping obstacle; After same crop or nearly edge continuous cropping, when normal management, disease and pest increases the weight of, soil secondary salinization and acidifying, nutritive element is unbalance causes farm crop to give birth to be obstructed, and bearing status is deteriorated.Output reduces, and product qualitative change is bad.
The Soil degradation problem of China is serious, causes the reduction of crop yield and quality.China rural area is solution green house of vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle in the 7-8 month, also continue to use at present " crop rotation, to stop kind, wet by the rain and burnt by the sun, apply fertilizer " routine reparation is carried out to soil, be difficult to produce summer vegetable and autumn vegetable, cause market vegetable supply shortage, land resources is wasted, and farmers' income reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soil continuous cropping guarantor, its preparation method and application thereof.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The preparation method that soil continuous cropping is protected, comprises the steps:
A, in chrysanthemum 30 ~ 35 parts, Fructus Fici 15 ~ 25 parts, tea fruit 30 ~ 35 parts, 5 ~ 10 parts, date and 5 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, add water 200-300 part, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.1-0.4MPa, leave standstill or stir 3-8 hour;
B, by steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30-55 hour, and to filter;
C, in the filtered liquid of step B gained, add the citric acid that quality is 0.05% ~ 0.1% of filtered liquid quality, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.1-0.2MPa, leave standstill or stir after 1.5-2.5 hour, normal temperature leaves standstill 10-15 hour;
D, in the material of step C gained, add the ethanol that quality is 0.1% ~ 0.2% of step B gained filtered liquid quality, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir 0.8-1.5 hour, obtaining biotechnological formulation;
E, by step D biotechnological formulation 30% ~ 50% and concentration be 35-45%, modulus is the silicon dioxde solution 50-70% of 3.0-3.4, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir after 20-30 hour, obtain soil continuous cropping to protect, described per-cent is mass percent.Before leaving standstill or stirring, the quality sum of biotechnological formulation and silicon dioxde solution is 100%.
Spontaneous fermentation described in above-mentioned steps B refers to utilize the microorganism in physical environment to carry out the process of fermenting.
In order to improve the effect that continuous cropping is protected, preferably, also comprising step F, spraying dry is 0-60% to the mass content of water, obtains soil continuous cropping and protects; The inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360 ~ 380 DEG C, and temperature out is 100 ~ 120 DEG C, negative pressure 30 ~ 40Pa in spraying dry tank bucket.
In order to make gained soil continuous cropping possess better effect, preferably, in step F, spraying dry to continuous cropping is protected as pulvis.Further preferably, the content being dried to water is 12-18%.
The mass content of above-mentioned water refers to the mass percent of aqueous phase for whole material.
In order to make the material reaction in steps A more abundant, preferably, in steps A, after adding water, first material being soaked 0.8-1.5 hour, then heating up.
In order to effective constituent after making fermentation can better be dissolved, preferably, in step B, after having fermented, at 80-120 DEG C, stir after 1.8-2.8 hour, refilter.Before filtration, more preferably first natural subsidence 40-60 hour, can improve the content of product effective constituent like this.
In above-mentioned steps B, during filtration, preferably use 300 object filter screens.
In order to improve the content of products obtained therefrom effective constituent, preferably, in step C, after normal temperature leaves standstill, by material through 350 order filter screen filtration, elimination large particulate matter, carries out next step reaction by gained filtrate.
In above-mentioned preparation method, mention " stirring ", preferably, to stir with the speed of 30-75 rev/min.
Soil continuous cropping obtained by above-mentioned preparation method is protected.
Contriver thinks, under physical environment above-mentioned soil continuous cropping protect by with soil mesosilicic acid salt generation electrochemical reaction, thus change its crystalline structure, in activating soil, the various nutrient elements of crystal form causes formation free state, and the granule in soil is combined the new soil granular of formation, corrects the acid base equilibrium degree of soil, improves soil alkali, promote that fertilizer decomposes, suppress soil germ; The cadmium simultaneously making to gather in a large number in soil by replacement(metathesis)reaction, mercury, lead, arsenic plasma become nonionic state, recover the original characteristic of soil, the content of the various nutrient elements in increase soil and effectively silicon, improve soil quality, recover soil health, farm crop are grown very well, fundamentally solves Soil-sickness Problem and the elimination of soil or alleviate the pollution hazard problem of heavy metal in soil to farm crop.
Above-mentioned soil continuous cropping is protected in the application reducing heavy metal content in plant.
The application that above-mentioned soil continuous cropping is protected, when for Vegetable Soil, consumption is 10-30 kg/acre; When for paddy rice or wheat soil, consumption is 5-20 kg/acre; When for fruit tree, tobacco leaf or corn soil time, consumption is 5-25g/ strain.
Soil continuous cropping of the present invention protects that preparation method is simple, raw material is easy to get, with low cost; Gained soil continuous cropping is protected and is made the heavy metal ion such as cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic gathered in a large number in soil become nonionic state by replacement(metathesis)reaction, recovers the original characteristic of soil, obviate or mitigates the pollution hazard problem of heavy metal in soil to crop; Protected by soil continuous cropping and change soil quartz construction, correct the acid base equilibrium degree of soil, improve soil alkali, promote that fertilizer decomposes, suppress soil germ, improve soil quality, recover soil health, reach the object of improvement soil, fundamentally solve the problems such as soil continuous cropping obstacle; The soil continuous cropping granule protected in soil is combined and forms new soil granular, the content of the various nutrient elements in increase soil and effectively silicon, improve soil quality, recover soil health, according to the needs of the different growth time of crop, the nutritive ingredient in Co ntrolled release soil, makes crop obtain rationally dietetic alimentation fully, thus crop can be grown well, improve quality and the output of crop.The soil institute growing plants heavy metal content protected after improvement with this continuous cropping is very low, meets national standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the diffractogram of pedotheque in embodiment 3.
Fig. 2 is the diffractogram improveing pedotheque in embodiment 3.
Fig. 3 is the voltage curve improveing pedotheque in embodiment 3.
Above-mentioned, in Fig. 3, ordinate zou is voltage, and unit is volt.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.
In embodiment, chrysanthemum, Fructus Fici, tea fruit, date and Radix Glycyrrhizae are all purchased from Nanjing Zelang Pharmaceutical Technology Inc., are dried food and nuts; Silicon dioxde solution concentration is 40%, modulus is 3.2 ± 1, purchased from Guangzhou Xin Xi chemical metallurgy company limited; Citric acid is purchased from Wujiang Tian Cheng Chemical Co., Ltd.; Spray-drier is the experiment type spray drier purchased from Wuxi City great Feng spray drying device company limited.
Embodiment 1
Prepare soil continuous cropping as follows to protect
A, in chrysanthemum 30 parts, Fructus Fici 25 parts, tea fruit 30 parts, 10 parts, date and 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, add 210 parts, water, soak 0.8 hour, then stir 15 minutes with 60 turns/min, 120 DEG C, under 0.1MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 8 hours;
B, by steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30 hours, at 120 DEG C, after stirring 1.8 hours with 60 turns/min, natural subsidence 60 hours, with 300 object strainer filterings;
C, in the filtered liquid of step B gained, add the citric acid that quality is 0.05% of filtrate quality, 80 DEG C, under 0.2MPa, after 60 turns/min stirs 1.5 hours, normal temperature leaves standstill 10 hours;
D, in the material of step C gained, add the ethanol that quality is 0.2% of the filtrate quality of step B gained, 120 DEG C, under 0.4MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 0.8 hour, obtains biotechnological formulation;
E, by 30% step D biotechnological formulation and 70% concentration be the silicon dioxde solution of 40%, 80 DEG C, under 0.4MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 30 hours, and the mass content being dried to water is 52%, obtain soil continuous cropping protect 1.;
F, soil continuous cropping to be protected 1. spraying dry to the mass content of water be 13%, obtains soil continuous cropping and protect 2..
In step F, drying is spraying dry, and the inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360 DEG C, and temperature out is 120 DEG C, negative pressure 40Pa in spraying dry tank bucket.
Embodiment 2
Prepare soil continuous cropping as follows to protect
A, in chrysanthemum 35 parts, Fructus Fici 15 parts, tea fruit 35 parts, 5 parts, date and 5 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, add 290 parts, water, soak 1.5 hours, then stir 15 minutes with 60 turns/min, 80 DEG C, under 0.4MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 3 hours;
B, by steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 55 hours, at 80 DEG C, after stirring 2.8 hours with 75 turns/min, natural subsidence 40 hours, with 300 object strainer filterings;
C, in the filtered liquid of step B gained, add the citric acid that quality is 0.1%% of filtrate quality, 120 DEG C, under 0.2MPa, after 60 turns/min stirs 2.5 hours, normal temperature leaves standstill 15 hours, then uses 350 order filtering net elimination large particulate matters;
D, in the filtrate of step C gained, add the ethanol that quality is 0.1% of the filtrate quality of step B gained, 80 DEG C, under 0.6MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 1.5 hours, obtains biotechnological formulation;
E, by 50% step D biotechnological formulation and 50% concentration be the silicon dioxde solution of 40%, 120 DEG C, under 0.6MPa, 60 turns/min stirs 20 hours, and the mass content being dried to water is 59%, obtain soil continuous cropping protect 3.;
F, soil continuous cropping to be protected 3. spraying dry to the mass content of water be 16%, obtains soil continuous cropping and protect 4..
In step F, drying is spraying dry, and the inlet temperature of spray drying device is 380 DEG C, and temperature out is 100 DEG C, negative pressure 30Pa in spraying dry tank bucket.
Embodiment 3
Soil continuous cropping is protected 2. for raw material carries out following test.
1. sample preparation
Prepared by A, pedotheque: the air-dry mass content to water of soil natural of field (booth vegetable base, anxiety river, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province) being got is 3%, the foreign matter such as place to go grit, stone, wooden stick, weeds, after soil block and granule being pulverized, whole mistake 20 mesh sieve, mixes and saves backup.
B, the sample preparation of improvement soil: above-mentioned pedotheque 90 parts of admixture soil continuous croppings are protected 2. 10 parts, and described number is mass fraction, stirs, and is placed in plastic beaker.Add a certain amount of distilled water, ensure that the mass content of water is 50% every day, every day stirs once.React after 10 days, it is 12% that material is taken out the mass content of drying to water, is placed in the airtight preservation of sample sack.
2. sample detection
A, Sample crystals structure detection
Sample preparation: pedotheque is carefully levigate respectively with improvement pedotheque, crosses 180 mesh sieves.
Instrument: TheomoFisher group of the U.S., Switzerland ARL X ' TRA type X-ray diffractometer,
Test condition: experiment condition: Cu target, 45KV, 35mA
The X-ray diffractogram of the sample of pedotheque and the rear soil of improvement is respectively represented by accompanying drawing 1,2.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 can find out, after in soil, admixture soil continuous cropping is protected, quartzy peak main peak (2 θ=26.76) intensity in its crystalline structure is reduced to 12055.33cps by 13566.66, and quartzy secondary peak (2 θ=20.98) intensity is reduced to 2176.00cps by 2491.67cps.The above results shows, is protected and soil mesosilicic acid salt generation electrochemical reaction by soil continuous cropping, changes the crystal knot of soil
3. water-soluble go out ion detection
A. sample preparation: pedotheque is carefully levigate respectively with improvement pedotheque, crosses 180 mesh sieves.
B. lixiviate: pure water is adjusted to pH5.8 ~ 6.3 as digestion agent with HCl, every 100ml digestion agent is mixed mutually with 10g sample, and make mixed solution at more than 500mL, Sheng sample bottle is put on the oscillator, normal temperature (20 DEG C), with under normal pressure (101.325kPa), with 200 times/min amplitude for 4 ~ 5CM, continuous oscillation 6h.
C. solution preparation is measured
After vibration, Sheng sample bottle is left standstill 30min, after 3000r/min centrifugation 20min, the supernatant liquid membrane filter of 0.45 μm, gets filtrate mensuration.
D. instrument
U.S. VARIAN company VISTA-MPX inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph
The water-soluble change containing Si ionic concn in table 1 soil
| Si（％） | |
| Soil | 0.022 |
| Improvement soil | 0.52 |
As shown in Table 1, in soil, add soil continuous cropping protect, through reaction, its soluble silicate ions concentration obviously increases.
4. electrochemical reaction detects:
Metal electrode is inserted, positive electrode copper sheet, negative potential aluminium sheet in the improvement pedotheque of brand-new.With the magnitude of voltage of MF-47 universal meter test improvement soil electrochemical reaction.Result as shown in Figure 3.Two curves are had, maximum value when being respectively one-shot measurement and minimum value in figure.
5. in soil continuous cropping guarantor, inorganic composition divides the mensuration of content with reference to JY/T 016-1996, and test set is ADVANT ' XPX-ray Fluorescence (INS IR UMENT).
The content implementing inorganic composition in 1 and 2 gained soil continuous croppings guarantors is as shown in table 2, and described per-cent is the mass percent that each composition is protected relative to whole continuous cropping.
The content of inorganic composition in 1 and 2 gained soil continuous croppings guarantors implemented by table 2
Embodiment 4
1. soil continuous cropping is protected, 2., 3., 4. executed on vegetable plot with 20 kgs/acre, execute on rice terrace with 13 kgs/acre, improvement and the heavy metal content not improveing the plant that soil grows are compared respectively, the results are shown in Table 3 and table 4, in table, ND represents the content not detecting heavy metal.2., 4. soil continuous cropping is protected is pulvis, and using method is: after Soil tillage, soil continuous cropping is protected evenly being sprinkled upon on soil, and spray 2-3 hour water, sprays 2-3 hour water on the 3rd day more continuously, sowing in the 15th day.
(1) concrete grammar improveing vegetable plot is as follows:
Experiment place: booth vegetable base, anxiety river, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province
Process one: 0 kg/acre, process two: 20 kgs/acre.Each process repetition 3 times, amounts to 6 districts, 10 square metres, each community, and conventional cultivation manages, unified management standard, and various management measures is required unanimously and operated by special messenger is interior on the same day.
Three districts of process one are one group, three districts of process two are another group, waterways and the field action row of 30 centimetres wide is established between two groups, establish the waterways of 20 centimetres wide (being also field action row) between the different districts of each group, strictly avoid ground and underground string water between different districts when irrigation and drainage.Trial plot surrounding establishes 10 centimetres wide protection row, plants same kind vegetables.Data in table 2 are the mean value of each group.
(2) concrete grammar improveing rice terrace is as follows:
Experiment place: Changzhou, Jiangsu Province Jintan City
Process one: 0 kg/acre, process two: 13 kgs/acre.Each process repetition 3 times, amounts to 6 districts, 40 square metres, each community, and conventional cultivation manages, unified management standard, and various management measures is required unanimously and operated by special messenger is interior on the same day.
Three districts of process one are one group, three districts of process two are another group, the waterways (being also field action row) that edge is respectively equipped with 50 centimetres wide is organized between two groups, respectively, cover with thick 0.15 millimeter of booth special plastic film, bury 30 centimetres, be provided with 70 centimetres of wide waterwayss between above-mentioned two action rows, strictly avoid ground and underground string water between different districts when irrigation and drainage.
Establish the ridge of 25 centimetres wide between each group of different districts, cover with thick 0.15 millimeter of booth special plastic film, bury 30 centimetres, strictly avoid ground and underground string water between different districts when irrigation and drainage.Trial plot surrounding establishes the protection row of 1 meter wide, plants same kind paddy rice.
Heavy metal analysis is with reference to GB2762-2005; Detecting instrument: AFS230A atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer, AA300 atomic absorption spectrophotometer; Sense environmental conditions: temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 55%.
The heavy metal content of vegetables before and after the content of heavy metal in soil and land reclamation before table 3 soil improvement
The heavy metal content of paddy rice before and after the content of heavy metal in soil and land reclamation before table 4 soil improvement
Claims (9)
1. a soil continuous cropping guarantor's preparation method, is characterized in that: be made up of the following steps sequentially connected:
A, in chrysanthemum 30 ~ 35 parts, Fructus Fici 15 ~ 25 parts, tea fruit 30 ~ 35 parts, 5 ~ 10 parts, date and 5 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, add water 200-300 part, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.1-0.4MPa, leave standstill or stir 3-8 hour;
B, by steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30-55 hour, and to filter;
C, in the filtered liquid of step B gained, add the citric acid that quality is 0.05% ~ 0.1% of filtered liquid quality, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.1-0.2MPa, leave standstill or stir after 1.5-2.5 hour, normal temperature leaves standstill 10-15 hour;
D, in the material of step C gained, add the ethanol that quality is 0.1% ~ 0.2% of step B gained filtered liquid quality, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir 0.8-1.5 hour, obtaining biotechnological formulation;
E, be 35-45% by the biotechnological formulation 30% ~ 50% of step D gained and concentration, modulus is the silicon dioxde solution 50-70% of 3.0-3.4, under 80-120 DEG C, 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir after 20-30 hour, obtain soil continuous cropping to protect, described per-cent is mass percent;
Step F, spraying dry are 0-60% to the mass content of water, obtain soil continuous cropping and protect; The inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360 ~ 380 DEG C, and temperature out is 100 ~ 120 DEG C, negative pressure 30 ~ 40Pa in spraying dry tank bucket.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: in step F, spraying dry to continuous cropping is protected as pulvis.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in steps A, first material is soaked 0.8-1.5 hour after adding water, then heat up.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in step B, after having fermented, at 80-120 DEG C, stirs after 1.8-2.8 hour, refilter.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in step B, filters with 300 object filter screens.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in step C, with 350 order filtering net elimination large particulate matters after normal temperature leaves standstill.
7. the soil continuous cropping obtained by the method described in claim 1 to 6 any one is protected.
8. soil continuous cropping according to claim 7 is protected in the application reducing heavy metal content in plant.
9. the application of soil continuous cropping guarantor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: when for green house of vegetables soil, consumption is 10-30 kg/acre; When for paddy rice or wheat soil, consumption is 5-20 kg/acre; When for fruit tree, tobacco leaf or corn soil time, consumption is 5-25g/ strain.
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| CN107235811A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-10 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of fertilizer for reducing pear tree heavy metal pollution and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034431A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-15 | 徐州绿油油生物肥料有限公司 | A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, its preparation method and its application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101602947A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2009-12-16 | 张鹰 | A kind of soil biological reactant and production technique thereof |
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101602947A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2009-12-16 | 张鹰 | A kind of soil biological reactant and production technique thereof |
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
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