CN102766470A - Soil continuous cropping protector and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil continuous cropping protector and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102766470A CN102766470A CN2012102763287A CN201210276328A CN102766470A CN 102766470 A CN102766470 A CN 102766470A CN 2012102763287 A CN2012102763287 A CN 2012102763287A CN 201210276328 A CN201210276328 A CN 201210276328A CN 102766470 A CN102766470 A CN 102766470A
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Abstract
The invention discloses soil continuous cropping protector and a preparation method and application thereof. The soil continuous cropping protector is made from, by weight percent, 30-50% of biological agent and 50-70% of silica solution. The biological agent is made from, by weight, 30-35 parts of chrysanthemum flower, 15-25 parts of fig, 30-35 parts of tea fruit, 5-10 parts of Chinese date, and 5-10 parts of licorice root. The silica solution is 35-45% in mass concentration, and 3.0-3.4 in modulus. The silica solution enables massively accumulated heavy metals in soil, such as cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic, to be nonionic by replacement reaction, and pollution of crops by the heavy metals in the soil is eliminated or relieved. By the soil continuous cropping protector, soil quartz structure is changed, acid-base balance of the soil is corrected, soil basicity is improved, disintegration of organic fertilizers is promoted, soil pathogenic bacteria are inhibited, and the problems of soil continuous cropping obstacles and the like are solved basically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil continuous cropping guarantor, its preparation method and application thereof.
Background technology
For a long time, for guaranteeing agricultural production and income, at the medium-term and long-term chemical fertilizer that uses of soil; Cause soil fertility decline to occur, organic deficient, the gas permeability of soil descends; Therefore cause that nutritive element consumes excessively in the soil, cause the free state nutritive element to reduce and form crystal form, cause Soil structure to change; Make soil compaction, and cause soil continuous cropping obstacle; Behind same crop or the nearly edge continuous cropping, under the situation of normal management, disease and pest increases the weight of, soil secondary salinization and acidifying, nutritive element is unbalance causes the farm crop fertility to be obstructed the bearing status variation.Output reduces, and the article qualitative change is bad.
The Soil degradation problem of China is serious, causes the reduction of crop yield and quality.China rural area is solution green house of vegetables soil continuous cropping obstacle in the 7-8 month; Also continue to use at present " crop rotation, stop kind, wet by the rain and burnt by the sun, apply fertilizer " soil is carried out routine reparation, be difficult to produce summer vegetable and autumn vegetable, cause market vegetable supply shortage; The land resources waste, farmers' income reduces.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soil continuous cropping guarantor, its preparation method and application thereof.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The preparation method that a kind of soil continuous cropping is protected comprises the steps:
A, in 5～10 parts in 30～35 parts of chrysanthemums, 15～25 parts of Fructus Ficis, 30～35 parts of tea fruits, 5～10 parts in date and Radix Glycyrrhizae, add entry 200-300 part, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.1-0.4MPa, left standstill or stir 3-8 hour;
B, with steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30-55 hour, and filter;
C, in the filtered liq of step B gained, add quality and be 0.05%～0.1% Hydrocerol A of filtered liq quality, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.1-0.2MPa, leave standstill or stir 1.5-2.5 hour after, normal temperature left standstill 10-15 hour;
D, in the material of step C gained, add quality and be 0.1%～0.2% ethanol of step B gained filtered liq quality, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.4-0.6MPa, left standstill or stir 0.8-1.5 hour, biotechnological formulation;
E, with step D biotechnological formulation 30%～50% and concentration be that 35-45%, modulus are the silicon dioxde solution 50-70% of 3.0-3.4; 80-120 ℃, under the 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir 20-30 hour after; Get soil continuous cropping and protect, said per-cent is mass percent.The quality sum of biotechnological formulation and silicon dioxde solution is 100% before leaving standstill or stirring.
The process that spontaneous fermentation described in the above-mentioned steps B refers to utilize the mikrobe in the physical environment to ferment.
In order to improve the effectiveness that continuous cropping is protected, preferred, the mass content that also comprises step F, spraying drying to water is 0-60%, gets soil continuous cropping and protects; The inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360～380 ℃, and temperature out is 100～120 ℃, negative pressure 30～40Pa in the spraying drying jar bucket.
In order to make the gained soil continuous cropping possess better effectiveness, preferred, in the step F, spraying drying to continuous cropping is protected and is pulvis.Further preferred, the content that is dried to water is 12-18%.
The mass content of above-mentioned water refers to the mass percent of water for whole material.
In order to make the material reaction in the steps A more abundant, preferred, in the steps A, earlier material was soaked 0.8-1.5 hour after adding water, heat up again.
For fermentation back effective constituent can better be dissolved, preferred, among the step B, after fermentation is accomplished, under 80-120 ℃, stir after 1.8-2.8 hour, refilter.Before the filtration, more preferably first natural subsidence 40-60 hour, can improve the product content of effective like this.
Among the above-mentioned steps B, during filtration, preferably use 300 purpose filter screens.
In order to improve the products obtained therefrom content of effective, preferred, among the step C, after normal temperature leaves standstill, material is filtered through 350 order filtering nets, the elimination large particulate matter carries out next step reaction with gained filtrating.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, mention " stirring ", preferred, stir with 30-75 rev/min speed.
Protect by the prepared soil continuous cropping of above-mentioned preparation method.
The contriver thinks, under physical environment above-mentioned soil continuous cropping protect through with soil mesosilicic acid salt generation electrochemical reaction, thereby change its crystalline structure; The various nutrient elements of crystal form causes the formation free state in the activating soil; And combines to form new soil granular with granule in the soil, correct the acid degree of soil, raising soil alkali; Promote fertilizer to decompose, suppress the soil germ; Make the cadmium, mercury, lead, the arsenic plasma that gather in a large number in the soil become the nonionic attitude through replacement(metathesis)reaction simultaneously; Recover the original characteristic of soil; The various nutrient elements in the increase soil and the content of effective silicon improve soil quality, recover soil health property; Make the fine growth of farm crop, fundamentally solve the continuous cropping obstacle problem and the elimination of soil or alleviate the pollution hazard problem of heavy metal in soil farm crop.
Above-mentioned soil continuous cropping is protected the application of heavy metal content in reducing plant.
The application that above-mentioned soil continuous cropping is protected, when being used for vegetables soil, consumption is 10-30 kilogram/mu; When being used for paddy rice or wheat soil, consumption is 5-20 kilogram/mu; When being used for fruit tree, tobacco leaf or corn soil, consumption is the 5-25g/ strain.
Soil continuous cropping of the present invention protects that the preparation method is simple, raw material is easy to get, with low cost; The gained soil continuous cropping is protected through replacement(metathesis)reaction and is made heavy metal ion such as the cadmium that gathers in a large number in the soil, mercury, lead, arsenic become the nonionic attitude, recovers the original characteristic of soil, eliminates or has alleviated the pollution hazard problem of heavy metal in soil to crop; Protect change soil quartz construction through soil continuous cropping, correct the acid degree of soil, improve the soil alkali; Promote fertilizer to decompose, suppress the soil germ, improve soil quality; Recover soil health property, reach the purpose of improving the soil, fundamentally solve problems such as soil continuous cropping obstacle; Soil continuous cropping protect with soil in granule combines the new soil granular of formation, the various nutrient elements in the increase soil and the content of effective silicon improve soil quality; Recover soil health property; According to the needs of the different growth times of crop, the nutritive ingredient in the sustained release soil makes crop obtain reasonable sufficient nutrition and absorbs; Thereby crop can be grown well, improved quality and the output of crop.The soil institute growing plants heavy metal content of protecting after improveing with this continuous cropping is very low, National standard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the diffractogram of pedotheque among the embodiment 3.
Fig. 2 is the diffractogram of the sample of improving the soil among the embodiment 3.
Fig. 3 is the voltage curve of the sample of improving the soil among the embodiment 3.
Above-mentioned, among Fig. 3, ordinate zou is a voltage, and unit is a volt.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following embodiment.
Chrysanthemum, Fructus Fici, tea fruit, date and Radix Glycyrrhizae are dried food and nuts all available from Nanjing Zelang Pharmaceutical Technology Inc. among the embodiment; Silicon dioxde solution concentration is 40%, modulus is 3.2 ± 1, available from the new rare chemical metallurgy in Guangzhou ltd; Hydrocerol A is available from the sincere chemical industry in sky, Wujiang ltd; Spray-drier is the experiment type spray drier available from the big peak of Wuxi City spray drying device ltd.
Embodiment 1
Preparing soil continuous cropping as follows protects
A, in 10 parts in 30 parts of chrysanthemums, 25 parts of Fructus Ficis, 30 parts of tea fruits, 10 parts in date and Radix Glycyrrhizae, add 210 parts of entry, soaked 0.8 hour, stirred 15 minutes with 60 commentaries on classics/min again, 120 ℃, under the 0.1MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirring 8 hours;
B, with steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30 hours, under 120 ℃, stir 1.8 hours with 60 commentaries on classics/min after, natural subsidence 60 hours is with 300 purpose strainer filterings;
C, in the filtered liq of step B gained, add 0.05% the Hydrocerol A of quality for the filtrating quality, 80 ℃, under the 0.2MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirring is after 1.5 hours, normal temperature left standstill 10 hours;
D, in the material of step C gained, add quality and be 0.2% ethanol of the filtrating quality of step B gained, 120 ℃, under the 0.4MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirred 0.8 hour, must biotechnological formulation;
E, with 30% step D biotechnological formulation and 70% concentration be 40% silicon dioxde solution, 80 ℃, under the 0.4MPa, 60 commentaries on classics/min stirred 30 hours, the mass content that is dried to water is 52%, 1. soil continuous cropping is protected;
F, protect soil continuous cropping 1. that the mass content of spraying drying to water is 13%, 2. soil continuous cropping is protected.
Drying is a spraying drying in the step F, and the inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360 ℃, and temperature out is 120 ℃, negative pressure 40Pa in the spraying drying jar bucket.
Embodiment 2
Preparing soil continuous cropping as follows protects
A, in 5 parts in 35 parts of chrysanthemums, 15 parts of Fructus Ficis, 35 parts of tea fruits, 5 parts in date and Radix Glycyrrhizae, add 290 parts of entry, soaked 1.5 hours, stirred 15 minutes with 60 commentaries on classics/min again, 80 ℃, under the 0.4MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirring 3 hours;
B, with steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 55 hours, under 80 ℃, stir 2.8 hours with 75 commentaries on classics/min after, natural subsidence 40 hours is with 300 purpose strainer filterings;
C, in the filtered liq of step B gained, add 0.1%% the Hydrocerol A of quality for the filtrating quality, 120 ℃, under the 0.2MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirring is after 2.5 hours, normal temperature left standstill 15 hours, used 350 order filtering net elimination large particulate matters then;
D, in the filtrating of step C gained, add quality and be 0.1% ethanol of the filtrating quality of step B gained, 80 ℃, under the 0.6MPa, 60 commentariess on classics/min stirred 1.5 hours, must biotechnological formulation;
E, with 50% step D biotechnological formulation and 50% concentration be 40% silicon dioxde solution, 120 ℃, under the 0.6MPa, 60 commentaries on classics/min stirred 20 hours, the mass content that is dried to water is 59%, 3. soil continuous cropping is protected;
F, protect soil continuous cropping 3. that the mass content of spraying drying to water is 16%, 4. soil continuous cropping is protected.
Drying is a spraying drying in the step F, and the inlet temperature of spray drying device is 380 ℃, and temperature out is 100 ℃, negative pressure 30Pa in the spraying drying jar bucket.
Embodiment 3
Soil continuous cropping is protected and is 2. carried out following test for raw material.
1. specimen preparation
A, pedotheque preparation: the air-dry mass content to water of soil natural that field (Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Xiangcheng District anxiety booth vegetable base, river) got is 3%; Foreign matters such as place to go grit, stone, wooden stick, weeds; With soil block with granule pulverize after, whole mistake 20 mesh sieves, mix preserve subsequent use.
B, the specimen preparation of improving the soil: 90 parts of admixture soil continuous croppings of above-mentioned pedotheque are protected 2. 10 parts, and said umber is a mass fraction, stirs, and places plastic beaker.Add a certain amount of zero(ppm) water, guarantee that the mass content of water is 50% every day, stir once every day.React after 10 days, with material take out dry to the mass content of water be 12%, place the airtight preservation of sample sack.
2. sample detection
A, sample crystalline structure detect
Specimen preparation: pedotheque is carefully levigate respectively with the sample of improving the soil, cross 180 mesh sieves.
Instrument: U.S. TheomoFisher group, Switzerland ARL X ' TRA type X-ray diffractometer,
Test condition: experiment condition: Cu target, 45KV, 35mA
Pedotheque is represented like accompanying drawing 1,2 respectively with the X-ray diffractogram of the sample of improvement back soil.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 can find out; After the admixture soil continuous cropping is protected in the soil; Quartzy peak main peak (2 θ=26.76) intensity in its crystalline structure is reduced to 12055.33cps by 13566.66, and quartzy secondary peak (2 θ=20.98) intensity is reduced to 2176.00cps by 2491.67cps.The above results shows, protects and soil mesosilicic acid salt generation electrochemical reaction through soil continuous cropping, has changed the crystal knot of soil
3. water-solublely go out ion detection
A. sample preparation: pedotheque is carefully levigate respectively with the sample of improving the soil, cross 180 mesh sieves.
B. lixiviate: pure water is transferred to pH5.8～6.3 as digestion agent with HCl; Every 100ml digestion agent is mixed with the 10g sample mutually, and make mixed solution more than 500mL, will contain the appearance bottle and be placed on the vibrator; Normal temperature (20 ℃); And under the normal pressure (101.325kPa), be 4～5CM with 200 times/min amplitude, continuous oscillation 6h.
C. measure formulations prepared from solutions
To contain the appearance bottle after the vibration and leave standstill 30min, behind 3000r/min spinning 20min, supernatant liquid filters with the membranous filter of 0.45 μ m, gets filtrating and measures.
D. instrument
The U.S. VISTA-MPX of VARIAN company inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph
The water-soluble variation that contains the Si ionic concn in table 1 soil
| Si（％） | |
| Soil | 0.022 |
| Improve the soil | 0.52 |
Can know that by table 1 in soil, add soil continuous cropping and protect, through reaction, its soluble silicon acid ion concentration obviously increases.
4. electrochemical reaction detects:
In the sample of improving the soil of new system, insert metal electrode, positive electrode is used copper sheet, and negative potential is used aluminium sheet.Test the magnitude of voltage of the electrochemical reaction of improving the soil with the MF-47 universal meter.The result is as shown in Figure 3.Two curves are arranged, peak when being respectively one-shot measurement and minimum value among the figure.
5. inorganic composition divided Determination on content with reference to JY/T 016-1996 during soil continuous cropping was protected, and test set is ADVANT ' XPX-ray Fluorescence (INS IR UMENT).
The content of implementing inorganic composition among the 1 and 2 gained soil continuous croppings guarantor is as shown in table 2, and said per-cent is the mass percent that each composition is protected with respect to whole continuous cropping.
Table 2 is implemented the content of inorganic composition among the 1 and 2 gained soil continuous croppings guarantor
Embodiment 4
1. soil continuous cropping is protected, 2., 3., 4. execute on the vegetable plot with 20 kilograms/mu; Execute on the rice terrace with 13 kilograms/mu; To improve respectively with do not improve the soil on the heavy metal content of the plant that grown compare, the result sees table 3 and table 4, ND representes not detect the content of heavy metal in the table.2., 4. soil continuous cropping is protected is pulvis, and method of use is: after soil was turned over, the guarantor evenly was sprinkled upon on the soil with soil continuous cropping, sprays 2-3 hour water continuously, sprayed 2-3 hour water again, sowed in the 15th day in the 3rd day.
(1) concrete grammar in improvement vegetable plot is following:
Experiment place: Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Xiangcheng District anxiety booth vegetable base, river
Handle one: 0 kilogram/mu, handle two: 20 kilograms/mu.Each handles repetition 3 times, amounts to 6 districts, 10 square metres of each sub-districts, the conventional cultivation management, the unified management standard, each item control measures essential consistent and by the special messenger on the same day in operation accomplish.
Three districts of processing one are one group; Three districts of processing two are another group; Establish 30 centimetres of wide waterwayss and field action row between two groups; Establish 20 centimetres of wide waterwayss (also being the field action row) between the different districts of each group, ground and underground string water between the different districts are avoided in strictness when irrigation and drainage.Establish 10 centimetres of wide guard rows around the trial plot, plantation is with the kind vegetables.Data in the table 2 are the MV of each group.
(2) concrete grammar of improvement rice terrace is following:
Experiment place: Jintan City, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province
Handle one: 0 kilogram/mu, handle two: 13 kilograms/mu.Each handles repetition 3 times, amounts to 6 districts, 40 square metres of each sub-districts, the conventional cultivation management, the unified management standard, each item control measures essential consistent and by the special messenger on the same day in operation accomplish.
Three districts of processing one are one group; Three districts of processing two are another group; Between two groups, respectively organize the edge and be respectively equipped with 50 centimetres of wide waterwayss (also being the field action row), cover with thick 0.15 millimeter booth special plastic film, bury 30 centimetres; Be provided with 70 centimetres of wide waterwayss between above-mentioned two action rows, ground and underground string water between the different districts are avoided in strictness when irrigation and drainage.
Each is organized and establishes 25 centimetres of wide ridges between the different districts, covers with thick 0.15 millimeter booth special plastic film, buries 30 centimetres, and ground and underground string water between the different districts are avoided in strictness when irrigation and drainage.Establish 1 meter wide guard rows around the trial plot, plantation is with the kind paddy rice.
Heavy metal detects with reference to GB2762-2005; Detecting instrument: AFS230A atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer, AA300 atomic; Sense environmental conditions: 25 ℃ of temperature, humidity 55%.
The heavy metal content of vegetables before and after the content of heavy metal in soil and the land reclamation before table 3 soil improvement
The heavy metal content of paddy rice before and after the content of heavy metal in soil and the land reclamation before table 4 soil improvement
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method that soil continuous cropping is protected is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A, in 5～10 parts in 30～35 parts of chrysanthemums, 15～25 parts of Fructus Ficis, 30～35 parts of tea fruits, 5～10 parts in date and Radix Glycyrrhizae, add entry 200-300 part, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.1-0.4MPa, left standstill or stir 3-8 hour;
B, with steps A gained material spontaneous fermentation 30-55 hour, and filter;
C, in the filtered liq of step B gained, add quality and be 0.05%～0.1% Hydrocerol A of filtered liq quality, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.1-0.2MPa, leave standstill or stir 1.5-2.5 hour after, normal temperature left standstill 10-15 hour;
D, in the material of step C gained, add quality and be 0.1%～0.2% ethanol of step B gained filtered liq quality, 80-120 ℃, under the 0.4-0.6MPa, left standstill or stir 0.8-1.5 hour, biotechnological formulation;
E, be that 35-45%, modulus are the silicon dioxde solution 50-70% of 3.0-3.4 with the biotechnological formulation 30%～50% and the concentration of step D gained; 80-120 ℃, under the 0.4-0.6MPa, leave standstill or stir 20-30 hour after; Get soil continuous cropping and protect, said per-cent is mass percent.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass content that also comprises step F, spraying drying to water is 0-60%, soil continuous cropping is protected; The inlet temperature of spray drying device is 360～380 ℃, and temperature out is 100～120 ℃, negative pressure 30～40Pa in the spraying drying jar bucket.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: spraying drying to continuous cropping is protected and is pulvis in the step F.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method is characterized in that: in the steps A, earlier material was soaked 0.8-1.5 hour after adding water, heat up.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method is characterized in that: among the step B, after fermentation is accomplished, under 80-120 ℃, stir after 1.8-2.8 hour, refilter.
6. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method is characterized in that: among the step B, filter with 300 purpose filter screens.
7. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method, it is characterized in that: among the step C, normal temperature leaves standstill the back with 350 order filtering net elimination large particulate matters.
8. protect by the prepared soil continuous cropping of any described method of claim 1 to 7.
9. the described soil continuous cropping of claim 8 is protected the application of heavy metal content in reducing plant.
10. the application that soil continuous cropping as claimed in claim 9 is protected, it is characterized in that: when being used for green house of vegetables soil, consumption is 10-30 kilogram/mu; When being used for paddy rice or wheat soil, consumption is 5-20 kilogram/mu; When being used for fruit tree, tobacco leaf or corn soil, consumption is the 5-25g/ strain.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104818026A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-05 | 张鹰 | Soil bioelectrochemical repairing agent, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107235811A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-10 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of fertilizer for reducing pear tree heavy metal pollution and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034431A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-15 | 徐州绿油油生物肥料有限公司 | A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, its preparation method and its application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101602947A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2009-12-16 | 张鹰 | A kind of soil biological reactant and production technique thereof |
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
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2012
- 2012-08-03 CN CN201210276328.7A patent/CN102766470B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101602947A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2009-12-16 | 张鹰 | A kind of soil biological reactant and production technique thereof |
| CN102040408A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-05-04 | 厦门三和利生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104818026A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-05 | 张鹰 | Soil bioelectrochemical repairing agent, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104818026B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2018-01-09 | 张鹰 | A kind of agent of geobiont electrochemical rehabilitation, its preparation method and its application |
| CN107235811A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-10 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of fertilizer for reducing pear tree heavy metal pollution and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034431A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-15 | 徐州绿油油生物肥料有限公司 | A kind of saline alkali soil conditioner, its preparation method and its application |
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