CN102177231A - 清洁组合物 - Google Patents
清洁组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102177231A CN102177231A CN200980140080.8A CN200980140080A CN102177231A CN 102177231 A CN102177231 A CN 102177231A CN 200980140080 A CN200980140080 A CN 200980140080A CN 102177231 A CN102177231 A CN 102177231A
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Classifications
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
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- C11D7/504—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents all solvents being halogenated hydrocarbons
- C11D7/505—Mixtures of (hydro)fluorocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
- C11D7/504—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents all solvents being halogenated hydrocarbons
- C11D7/5059—Mixtures containing (hydro)chlorocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
- C11D7/504—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents all solvents being halogenated hydrocarbons
- C11D7/5063—Halogenated hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms, e.g. fluoro alcohols
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
- C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
- C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
- C23G5/02806—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing only chlorine as halogen atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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Abstract
本发明的主题是组合物,其包含(i)10重量%~25重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷,优选16重量%~24重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;(ii)62重量%~70重量%的反-二氯乙烯,优选63重量%~68重量%的反-二氯乙烯;(iii)10重量%~21重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷,优选11重量%~17重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;和(iv)1重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷,优选2重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。本发明的主题还在于所述组合物作为清洁剂、溶剂、脱脂剂、去焊剂或干燥剂的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明的主题是基于卤代烃的清洁组合物。
背景技术
1,1,2-三氯-1,2,2-三氟乙烷(F113)被广泛地用在工业中用于对非常不同的固体表面(金属制件、玻璃、塑料、复合材料)进行清洁和脱脂,对于所述固体表面,要求不存在或者至少最低可能残余含量的杂质,尤其是有机来源的杂质。由于F113对于所使用的材料的非侵蚀性性质,其特别适于这种用途。该产品特别用在印刷电路的制造领域中,用以除去用于改善焊接接缝质量的物质(用术语“焊剂(solder flux)”表示)的残余物。这种除去操作在该行业中通过术语“去焊(defluxing)”表示。
还可提及F113在重型金属制件的脱脂和在高质量且高精度的机械制件如陀螺仪和军事、航空航天或医学设备的清洁中的应用。在其各种应用中,F113最通常与其它有机溶剂(例如,甲醇)组合使用,以改善其清洁能力。
F113也用于其中要求具有无水的表面,即,其中水仅以测量方法(Karl Fisher法)检测不到的痕量存在的表面的领域中,特别是光学领域中。F113为此与疏水性表面活性剂组合用于对所述表面进行干燥(或去湿)的操作中。
然而,基于F113的组合物的使用现在被禁止了,因为F113是被怀疑侵袭或损害平流层臭氧的氯氟烃(CFC)之一。
已经提出了各种解决方案以提供替代F113但不具有破坏臭氧层或增加温室效应的问题的替代物。给定产品的温室效应通过其GWP(全球增温潜势)量化,GWP考虑了所述分子固有的吸收辐射的作用以及所述分子在大气中的寿命(或者对于一段给定的时间,最通常一个世纪,其浓度等于多少)。该GWP是相对于取作参比气体的CO2给出的。
文献US-P-6770614描述了替代F113的组合物,其特别包含1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷(365mfc)、反-二氯乙烯(tDCE)、醚如九氟甲氧基丁烷(HFE7100)或九氟乙氧基丁烷(HFE7200),以及甲缩醛和醇。五氟丁烷的量被描述为20重量%~55重量%,优选25重量%~50重量%。反-二氯乙烯的量被描述为40重量%~70重量%,优选53重量%~62重量%。醚的量被描述为小于20重量%,优选5重量%~15重量%。甲缩醛和/或醇的最小量没有被确切地提及,但是实施例给出了对于甲缩醛的约1重量%和对于醇(异丙醇)的约1重量%的量。根据该文献的组合物具有易燃的缺点。
文献WO-A-00/36046相当概括地描述了五氟戊烷和氟化醚以及任选的有机溶剂的混合物。氯化溶剂如反-二氯乙烯可用作有机溶剂。
申请WO-A-0056833涉及清洁组合物。该申请描述了五氟丁烷、反-二氯乙烯和九氟甲氧基丁烷的混合物。(作为重量%)提出的量具体为1~98/1~64/1~75。在这样的组合物的实例中,说明了含有35重量%的五氟丁烷、64重量%的反-二氯乙烯和1重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷的混合物。作为前一申请的延续的申请US20050267006具体要求保护五氟丁烷、反-二氯乙烯、九氟甲氧基丁烷和异丙醇的四元混合物。
仍需要作为F113的替代物的清洁组合物,其优选比现有技术的组合物有效,特别是在金属制件的精密清洁和/或脱旨方面,并且其优选是不可燃的并且有利地当在机器中使用时其仍然是不可燃的。
发明内容
因此本发明提供包含以下物质的组合物:
(i)10重量%~25重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;
(ii)62重量%~70重量%的反-二氯乙烯;
(iii)10重量%~21重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;
(iv)1重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
优选地,根据本发明的组合物包含:(i)16重量%~24重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;(ii)63重量%~68重量%的反-二氯乙烯;(iii)11重量%~17重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;和(iv)2重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
有利地,根据本发明的组合物不包含醇或甲缩醛。
本发明还提供基本上由以下物质组成的组合物:(i)10重量%~25重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;(ii)62重量%~70重量%的反-二氯乙烯;(iii)10重量%~21重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;和(iv)1重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
优选地,所述组合物由以下物质组成:
(i)16重量%~24重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;
(ii)63重量%~68重量%的反-二氯乙烯;
(iii)11重量%~17重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;和
(iv)2重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
根据一个实施方式,所述组合物含有最高达1重量%,优选最高达0.5重量%,和有利地最高达0.1重量%的不同于甲缩醛或醇的化合物。
本发明的主题还在于根据本发明的组合物作为清洁剂、溶剂、脱脂剂、去焊剂或干燥剂,优选用于金属制件的精密清洁和/或脱脂的清洁剂、溶剂、脱脂剂、去焊剂或干燥剂的用途。
具体实施方式
本发明使用四种化合物的组合,优选特别在不存在例如甲缩醛和尤其是醇的化合物的情况下使用四种化合物的组合。在根据现有技术的若干种组合物中要求存在醇。本发明中使用的术语“醇”特别涉及含有最高达6个碳原子的直链或支化的链烷醇,在本发明中优选排除所述链烷醇的存在。
所述组合物的组分是已知的,并且是可商购得到的。所用的醚可例如从3M以商标得到。所述醚可以若干种异构体例如1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-九氟-4-乙氧基丁烷、1,1,1,2,3,3-六氟-2-(三氟甲基)-3-乙氧基丙烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-乙氧基-2-(三氟甲基)丙烷、1,1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-九氟-2-乙氧基丁烷,以及1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-九氟-4-甲氧基丁烷、1,1,1,2,3,3-六氟-2-(三氟甲基)-3-甲氧基丙烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-甲氧基-2-(三氟甲基)丙烷和1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-九氟-2-甲氧基丁烷的形式得到。
这些组分可根据本领域技术人员已知的常规技术进行混合。
根据本发明的组合物包含:(i)10重量%~25重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷,优选16重量%~24重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;(ii)62重量%~70重量%的反-二氯乙烯,优选63重量%~68重量%的反-二氯乙烯;(iii)10重量%~21重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷,优选11重量%~17重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;(iv)1重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷,优选2重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
有利地,根据本发明的组合物不包含醇或甲缩醛。
根据一个实施方式,所述组合物含有最高达1重量%,优选最高达0.5重量%,和有利地最高达0.1重量%的不同于甲缩醛或醇的化合物。
所述组合物也可含有最高达1%的其它化合物例如稳定剂或表面活性剂。
所述稳定剂可用于保护所述组合物不受由它们与水的接触所导致的化学侵袭(水解)或者由它们与轻金属(构成待清洁的固体表面)的接触所导致的化学侵蚀,和/或不受清洁过程中可发生的自由基侵袭。可提及硝基烷烃(特别是硝基甲烷、硝基乙烷、硝基丙烷)和醚(1,4-烷、1,3-二氧戊环)。稳定剂的量小于1%,典型地为0.1%~0.5%。优选其沸点接近于最终组合物的沸点的稳定剂。
表面活性剂例如在干燥溶液中是有用的。可使用本身公知的且与根据本发明的组合物相容的任何表面活性剂。
可用于根据本发明的组合物中的表面活性剂例如描述于Ullmann’sEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第五版,1987,第A8卷,第338~350页中。可使用阳离子、阴离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂。可例如使用脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯、烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、α-磺化脂肪酸酯(SES)、烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、季铵化合物、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇苯基醚、脂肪酸烷醇酰胺、脂肪醇聚二醇醚、环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、烷基甜菜碱、烷基磺基甜菜碱、单或二烷基磷酸的四烷基铵盐、或者包含至少一个咪唑啉基团的表面活性剂。也可使用含有至少一个氟取代基的如上所述的表面活性剂。更特别地,可使用包含至少的一个多氟化烷基链或一个多氟化芳族取代基的表面活性剂。表面活性剂的量为例如所述组合物的0.05重量%~0.5重量%,优选0.1重量%~0.3重量%。
根据本发明的组合物具有不易燃的优点。
虽然在根据本发明的一些组合物中不存在或基本上不存在甲缩醛或醇,但是清洁性质是优异的。
而且,根据本发明的组合物具有在工业清洁机器中使用期间保持不可燃的优点。术语“机器”意在表示包括至少两个罐的任何机器,所述罐中的一个起到使所述清洁组合物沸腾的作用。表述“使用期间保持不可燃”意在表示存在于所述机器中的清洁组合物蒸气在与火焰接触时不着火(ignite)。
另外,根据本发明的组合物的GWP值非常低,其是环境友好的。
根据本发明的组合物可用于与F113的应用相同的应用。因此,所述组合物特别适合用于对固体表面进行清洁和脱脂,对印刷电路进行去焊(对被焊剂和该焊剂的残余物污染的印刷电路板进行清洁),以及用于表面干燥操作(用作用于除去在固体物体的表面吸附的水的干燥剂)。这些组合物优选用于金属制件的精密清洁和/或脱旨。待处理的表面可由金属、塑料、玻璃或复合材料制成,并且优选由金属制成。
关于使用的方式,可特别提及在采用作为液体的组合物的适于对表面进行清洁和/或干燥的设备中和通过气溶胶使用。
根据本发明的组合物也可用作冷却组合物和传热流体、灭火组合物、推进剂、发泡剂、溶胀剂、气态电介质、聚合或单体介质、负载流体(support fluid)、研磨剂和用于发电装置的流体。
以下实施例举例说明本发明。
实施例
实施例1:在使用期间的可燃性
当将各种组合物用于代表工业上使用的机器的大部分的各种清洁机器中时,确定与火焰接触的所述组合物的行为。所用的清洁机器为MEG牌的。第一机器和第二机器具有通过冷却装置进行冷却的系统并且分别包括2个和3个罐。第三机器具有2个罐但是通过水冷却。
在使用表1的组合物中的每一种运行20小时之后,将所述机器的盖子打开并缓慢引入火焰。
当火焰在3个机器中熄灭(go out)时,表明所述组合物不燃烧。
当蒸气在与3个机器的至少一个中的火焰接触时着火时,表明所述组合物在机器中燃烧。
组合物A是根据本发明的。组合物G、H、I和J是对比组合物。
实施例2:可燃性
在Setaflash装置上根据由标准ASTM D 3828所描述的标准条件在-26℃~+50℃的温度范围内测定各种清洁组合物的闪点。所述组合物在空气中的可燃性通过使几厘升这些清洁溶液与火焰接触进行评价。如果所述溶液着火,则记录火焰存在的时段。
结果在表2中给出。
实施例3:脱脂
以0.1mg的精度对具有30×10mm尺寸的经抛光和预清洁的不锈钢(316L型)试样进行称重。在这些试样的表面上沉积少量的商品石油膏。再次对由此被油覆盖的试样进行称重且所获得的重量对应于以下所称的起始重量。一旦确定了起始重量,则将各试样浸渍在含有保持在环境温度下的清洁组合物的烧杯中5分钟,然后在开放的空气(open air)中干燥5分钟。在该处理之后,再次对所述试样进行称重以确定除去的各油的百分比。
表3
实施例4:润滑油的脱脂
该程序如实施例1中那样进行,但是使用在航空工业中使用的润滑脂。结果在表4中给出。
表4
实施例5:全球增温潜势(GWP)
计算100年期间的全球增温潜势(GWP),以GWP(CO2)=1为参比。
组合物H的GWP为670和组合物A的GWP为476。
实施例6:
该程序如实施例3中那样进行,但是使用含有10重量%的365mfc、69重量%的TDCE、19重量%的HFE 7100和2重量%的HFE 7200的组合物。
除去的液体石油膏的百分比为98.5%。
实施例7:
该程序如实施例4中那样进行,但是使用如实施例5中所述的组合物。
除去的润滑油的百分比为93.2%。
用于实施例6和7的组合物不具有闪点(标准ASTM D3828)且不在机器中燃烧。
Claims (6)
1.组合物,其包含:(i)10重量%~25重量%的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷;(ii)62重量%~70重量%的反-二氯乙烯;(iii)10重量%~21重量%的九氟甲氧基丁烷;(iv)1重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷,优选2重量%~4重量%的九氟乙氧基丁烷。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷以16重量%~24重量%的比例存在。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其特征在于,所述反-二氯乙烯以63重量%~68重量%的比例存在。
4.权利要求1~3中任一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述九氟甲氧基丁烷以11重量%~17重量%的比例存在。
5.权利要求1~4中任一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物基本上由1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷、反-二氯乙烯、九氟甲氧基丁烷和九氟乙氧基丁烷组成。
6.权利要求1~5中任一项的组合物作为清洁剂、溶剂、脱脂剂、去焊剂或干燥剂的用途。
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US9523154B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | Solvay (China) Co., Ltd. | Use of phenol compounds as activator for metal surface corrosion |
EP2746380A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | Solvay SA | Non-flammable ternary compositions and use of these compositions |
TW201437348A (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-10-01 | Solvay | 不可燃性三元組成物及彼之用途 |
EP2876153A1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | Solvay SA | Non-flammable compositions and use of these compositions |
WO2014139865A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Solvay Sa | Non-flammable compositions and use of these compositions |
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US10273437B2 (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2019-04-30 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Low flammability solvent composition |
CN108699495B (zh) | 2016-02-09 | 2020-11-10 | Agc株式会社 | 溶剂组合物、清洗方法、涂膜形成用组合物和涂膜的形成方法 |
JP2018172239A (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | Agc株式会社 | 樹脂層付きガラス基材の洗浄方法および樹脂層付きガラス基材の製造方法 |
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US6770614B2 (en) * | 2002-06-03 | 2004-08-03 | Crc Industries, Inc. | Cleaner for electronic parts and method for using the same |
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