CN102154021B - Purification recovery system for producing charcoal, gas and oil by biomass raw material, and processing technique thereof - Google Patents
Purification recovery system for producing charcoal, gas and oil by biomass raw material, and processing technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102154021B CN102154021B CN2011100439301A CN201110043930A CN102154021B CN 102154021 B CN102154021 B CN 102154021B CN 2011100439301 A CN2011100439301 A CN 2011100439301A CN 201110043930 A CN201110043930 A CN 201110043930A CN 102154021 B CN102154021 B CN 102154021B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a purification recovery system for producing charcoal, gas and oil by biomass raw material, which comprises a carbonization tank, a purifying tank, a vertical coke remover, a liquid-phase separator, a gas-washing purification tower, a draught fan, a cyclone separator, a gas-liquid separator, a wood tar recovery tank and a wood vinegar liquid recovery tank. The processing technique of the system for purifying and recovering the charcoal, the gas and the oil comprises the steps of: carbonization, destructive distillation, decoking, liquid-phase separation, gas-washing purification, gas-liquid separation and recycling. The invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, considerable in economic benefit, capable of utilizing waste, simple in technique, convenient to operate, high in production efficiency and large in yield. In the charking process, raw materials can be added at any time, so that the carbonization yield is improved. The production process flow is simple, convenient and safe in operation. Furthermore, the current situation that the existing smoldering destructive distillation carbonization is difficult to control and low in product yield coefficient can be changed.
Description
Technical field
The equipment that the present invention relates to a kind of charring process and in this technique, be applied to, the specifically biomass material that reclaims such as a kind of charcoal, inflammable gas and wood tar oil that can produce biomass material burning, pyroligneous liquor purification recovery system and the complete processing of producing charcoal, gas, oil.
Background technology
Current, the method for refining charcoal is the simple charcoal processing of industry and local method charcoal processing, and these two kinds of methods not only have a large amount of gases to enter atmosphere in sintering procedure, serious environment pollution, and in the preparation process cycle longer, serious waste of resources.
And existing biomass gasifying furnace, also claim stalk gasifier or gasifier section etc., in the middle of vapourizing furnace, divide direct combustion (half gasification) formula and air guide (gas processed) formula vapourizing furnace, under the production model of their method unicity products in firing the process of charcoal, in actual production, have following disappearance:
1, in firing the process of charcoal, can produce a large amount of gaseous emissions in atmosphere, cause environmental pollution and energy dissipation, and cause long, charcoal finished product of production cycle to affect quality because burn intensively and Forced water cooling charcoal easily burst because production process is discontinuous.
2, utilize straw to fire charcoal and be the unicity production process; Be can not gas recovery in the charcoal processing process, comprehensive benefit be bad.
3, some vapourizing furnaces require higher to biomass material, must be ground into tiny particle to biomass material, therefore must add the larger pulverizer of power, thereby the cost that causes biomass to utilize strengthens, perhaps available biomass material scope narrows down, and is unfavorable for the popularization that biomass are utilized.
4, many vapourizing furnaces do not carry out filtering to the wood tar oil that is mixed in the inflammable gas in gasification, cause gasifying gas in use wood tar oil stick with paste nozzle and the pipeline of all kinds of burners, gas kitchen ranges, gas fired-boiler or fuel gas generation unit can't normally be moved, directly affected the utilization of biomass energy.
5, the import of many complete functions gasification furnace apparatus is expensive, and the investment amount is large, payback period is long, affects the utilization of biomass resource.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to many defectives that existing carbonizing method and equipment exist, one to provide a kind of technique simple, and the biomass material that utilizes that the cycle is short, efficient is high is produced the complete processing of charcoal, gas, oil, and two provide the equipment that is applied in this technique.
Realize that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopts is: a kind of biomass material that utilizes is produced charcoal, gas, the purification recovery system of oil, comprise the charing pond, treating pond, vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, the gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, cyclonic separator, gas-liquid separator, wood tar oil pond for recovering and pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering, it is characterized in that, the sewage draining exit in charing pond is connected with the entrance for the treatment of pond, the exhanst gas outlet for the treatment of pond is connected with vertical decoking device with flange by ingress pipe, described vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, the gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, all be connected with flange by importing pipeline between the smoke inlet of cyclonic separator and gas-liquid separator and the exhanst gas outlet, and the sewage draining exit of each equipment is connected with the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering with the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline respectively, wherein:
A, described vertical decoking device comprise the decoking device cylindrical shell, this decoking device be respectively arranged with up and down air outlet and inlet mouth, the end of described inlet mouth is inserted into filtering chamber inside, the top of combing of the waist in the filtering chamber is provided with Pall ring and heating tube; Described cylindrical shell bottom is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of this pyramidal structure is sewage draining exit.
B, described liquid phase separator comprise the cylindrical shell that consists of this liquid phase separator, and described cylindrical shell center arranges a pipe core, and the lower end of this pipe core is provided with tapered cap, and this tapered cap places in the bottom cone of cylindrical shell bottom; Uniform many prolongs in the condensation chamber of described cylindrical shell; Vapor pipe is arranged on cylindrical shell top, and the bottom of bottom cone arranges sewage draining exit.
C, described gas washing scavenging tower comprise tower body, and are arranged on tower body up and down exhanst gas outlet and the gas approach at position, and it is inner that the inlet pipe that is communicated with gas approach is inserted tower body, and be equipped with up and down spray header in the gas washing scavenging tower; A plurality of turning vanes that are obliquely installed are housed on the tower body inwall; Described tower body bottom is provided with sewage draining exit.
D, described cyclonic separator comprise Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler, and this cylindrical shell top is cylindrical structure, and the bottom is the cone barrel structure, and the cylindrical shell top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, and the cylindrical shell upper side is provided with smoke inlet, and cylinder body bottom is provided with sewage draining exit; The blast pipe that is communicated with smoke inlet is 15 ° of overturning angles and is arranged on cylindrical shell top.
E, described gas-liquid separator comprise Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler, and described cylindrical shell top is provided with Explosion-proof cap and water seal, and side, its underpart is provided with gas approach, the uniform Pall ring of filtering chamber top cylindrical shell that is communicated with this gas approach; The bottom of cylindrical shell bottom cone is provided with sewage draining exit; Described cylindrical shell top is connected with lighter for ignition by vapor pipe.
Reclaim the complete processing of charcoal, gas, oil with above-mentioned system purification, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
A, various biomass materials are sent in the charing pond with transfer roller mix, then raw material is carried out upper igniting and ignite;
B, in the process of material combusting, oxygen feed rate in the control charing pond is carried out destructive distillation to the raw material in the charing pond, in the process of destructive distillation, controls the destructive distillation degree of biomass material by the point for measuring temperature of bottom, charing pond, and the raw material in the charing pond is made charcoal;
The flue gas that c, destructive distillation produce enters treating pond by ingress pipe with the speed of 10-15m/s, filtration medium in the treating pond purifies flue gas, to fall the treating pond bottom after the grit obstruction of severe in the flue gas greater than gas, the flue gas after the purification enters vertical decoking device with delivery line; Wood tar oil in the flue gas is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
D, in vertical decoking device, flue gas enters filtering chamber through ingress pipe by the bottom of the strainer in the vertical decoking device, after filtration behind the media filtration, wood tar oil in the flue gas condenses, and under action of gravity, automatically be pooled to filter bottom, discharged by sewage draining exit, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
E, flue gas after filtering enter condensation chamber by the pipe core of liquid phase separator and cool off, 300 ℃ of condensation chamber lower end temperature, 150 ℃ of upper end temperature, the water vapour of flue gas remnants and pyroligneous liquor, wood tar oil molecule are mixed into pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil in the rising process of cooling, and by the sewage draining exit discharge, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
F, flue gas enter in the gas washing scavenging tower with the speed of 15-25m/s, flue gas flow is done the circumference spiral motion with the turning vane in the gas washing scavenging tower, under centrifugal action, the flue gas water-bath purified and the water droplet in the flue gas and the severe grit greater than gas is got rid of to the scavenging tower wall, and fall to scavenging tower bottom and discharged by sewage draining exit with wall, enter in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline, at this moment flue gas obtains rough purification again;
G, the flue gas after the rough purification is sent in the cyclonic separator by blast pipe by induced draft fan, in this cyclonic separator, form just eddy flow according to inner flow passage, when arriving the conical part of swirler, form shunting, the gas guiding that density is little moves upward, and discharge from exhanst gas outlet, the gas that density is large is flowed out by sewage draining exit, and is recovered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline;
H, gas directly are imported in the gas-liquid separator by the vent pipe of cyclonic separator, behind the gas process gas-liquid separator inner filtration medium filtration, purification, export lighter for ignition to by vapor pipe, pyroligneous liquor is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters in the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering by deriving pipeline again;
I, purified gas are transported to other gas equipments by deriving pipeline.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, energy-conserving and environment-protective: whole production process is discharged without waste gas, waste residue, waste liquid.
(1) this device in gasification except a small amount of electric power of blower fan and pulverizer consumption, need not the energy that provides extra, the more important thing is does not have the discharging of flue dust and wood tar oil is separated to reclaim substantially in gasification, not only can not pollute atmosphere and soil, and guarantee the output of gasification and stablizing of quality.
(2) in charing, biological fuel gas, biomass coke tar, acetate solution to be separated, reclaim, the Environmental Protection Level that has changed existing charring process is low, causes the secondary pollution of flue gas, tar in the production.
(3) biomass charcoal of producing with this Technology, biomass coke tar, wood vinegar, biological fuel gas have very high industrial utilization and are worth.This is one farming, woods waste is converted into industrial raw material, realizes the recycling economy engineering of carbon cycle.
2, economic benefits: improve technique implementation rate and quality standard, shorten the charing cycle, 8-10 hour can charing 2 tons, is 1/20 of existing 168 hours carbonization time of smoldering dry distillation charring.
Utilize this to install 6 tons of biomass of every consumption, through control oxygen burning in 10 hours, but 6000 cubes of inflammable gass of output, its calorific value greater than 4000 kilocalories/cube, but 2 tons of output biomass charcoals simultaneously, 300 kilograms in wood tar oil, 1320 kilograms of pyroligneous liquors.The said products is sold by the existing market valency, and 1 ton of biomass of every consumption can be made a profit more than 300 yuan, directly increase income.
3, sharp useless: as different raw materials (size, thickness, shape are different: rice husk, cotton stalk, maize straw, corn cob, sawdust, fruit tree branch, cow dung etc.) can be put into a kiln body while charing, change the technique that trunk that trunk diameter when making charcoal now must not wait less than 6 centimeters, thickness can not multifuel combustion.China is vast in territory, its utilization ratio of biomass material only has 20%, all the other major parts are rotted, agricultural stalk and the upper remaining branch of forest processing, sawdust etc. also have more than one hundred million tons to abandon, this device can mix various biomass materials burning destructive distillation, charing, change the situation of biomass material single utilization, enlarged the scope that biomass material utilizes.
4, technique is simple, and is easy to operate.
5, production efficiency is high, and output is large.In the process of making charcoal, can add at any time raw material, improve charing output.The technological process of production is easy and simple to handle, safety.Change existing smoldering dry distillation charring be difficult to control, present situation that product yield is low
6, equipment failure rate is low, is convenient to safeguard.
7, red-tape operati is simple and efficient, and equipment failure rate is low.
8, to save timber, protection forest vegetation resource is preserved the ecological environment.
9, deep processing can be produced series type charcoal, quick burning charcoal, clean moulded coal.Fuel oil, combustion gas, generating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is vertical decoking device structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the liquid phase separator structural representation.
Fig. 4 is gas washing purification tower structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the cyclone separator structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the structure of gas liquid separator schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6.
Among the figure: air outlet 1, cylindrical shell 2, Pall ring 3, waist combs 4, pyramidal structure 5, sewage draining exit 6, inlet mouth 7, pipe core 8, vapor pipe 9, prolong 10, tapered cap 11, bottom cone 12, sewage draining exit 13, exhanst gas outlet 14, spray header 15, tower body 16, turning vane 17, inlet pipe 18, gas approach 19, sewage draining exit 20, exhanst gas outlet 21, blast pipe 22, smoke inlet 23, cylindrical shell 24, sewage draining exit 25, water seal 26, Explosion-proof cap 27, Pall ring 28, cylindrical shell 29, filtering chamber 30, bottom cone 31, sewage draining exit 32, gas approach 33, vapor pipe 34.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1-7, in the present embodiment, this purification recovery system of utilizing biomass material to produce charcoal, gas, oil comprises charing pond, treating pond, vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, cyclonic separator, gas-liquid separator, wood tar oil pond for recovering and pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering.Specification and the size of various device all change according to industrial scale, in the present embodiment, the number of various device is respectively four in charing pond, two for the treatment of ponds, two of vertical decoking devices, two of liquid phase separators, two in gas washing scavenging tower, two of induced draft fans, two in cyclonic separator, two of gas-liquid separators, two of wood tar oil pond for recoverings, three of clear water circulatory pools, three of pyroligneous liquor pond for recoverings.The sewage draining exit in charing pond is connected with the entrance for the treatment of pond, the exhanst gas outlet for the treatment of pond is connected with vertical decoking device with flange by ingress pipe, all be connected with flange by importing pipeline between the smoke inlet of vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, cyclonic separator and gas-liquid separator and the exhanst gas outlet, and the sewage draining exit of each equipment is connected with the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering with the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline respectively, each equipment is required clear water in purification, sepn process, all is connected with the clear water circulatory pool by pipeline.Double solid line with arrow in the accompanying drawing 1 is to import pipeline and derive pipeline, and according to the difference of actual transporting thing, the transporting thing is respectively gas or liquid in import pipe and the derivation pipeline.Filtering layer in the treating pond is equipped with diameter greater than the coke briquette of 100mm, and used filtration medium is Pall ring and cleaning ball in this technological process, wherein:
Vertical decoking device comprises decoking device cylindrical shell 2, this decoking device be respectively arranged with up and down air outlet 1 and inlet mouth 7, the end of inlet mouth 7 is inserted into filtering chamber inside, the comb inner barrel of 4 tops of waist in the filtering chamber is provided with Pall ring 3 and heating tube, also be filled with cleaning ball around the Pall ring 28, for separating of the wood tar oil in the flue gas, improve cleaning and decontamination effect improving.Pall ring 3 can make gas distribution even, makes inner gas be difficult for bias current, improves decontamination effect improving.Cylindrical shell 2 bottoms are pyramidal structure 5, and the bottom of this pyramidal structure 5 is sewage draining exit 6.Between Pall ring 3, also be provided with many heating tubes, be used for preventing that winter temperature is low, the line clogging phenomenon that freezing filler causes.The tapered cap of lower end, air outlet stops than heavy substance, can also form eddy flow at this simultaneously, further the heavier particle in the boiler gas.
Liquid phase separator comprises the cylindrical shell that consists of this liquid phase separator, and the cylindrical shell center arranges a pipe core 8, and the lower end of this pipe core 8 is provided with tapered cap 11, and this tapered cap 11 places in the bottom cone 12 of cylindrical shell bottom, and this tapered cap 11 is convenient to gas uniform and is distributed.The top of cylindrical shell is condensation chamber, and condensation space is large, and gas residence time is long, and condensation effect is good.Uniform many prolongs 10 in the condensation chamber have the condensation-water drain and the entrance that are communicated with it on the prolong, improve condensation effect, can get off the heavies condensation separation in the gas.Vapor pipe 9 is arranged on cylindrical shell top, and the bottom of bottom cone 12 arranges sewage draining exit 13.This separator is all done when mounted insulation and is processed.
The gas washing scavenging tower comprises tower body 16, and the exhanst gas outlet 14 and the gas approach 19 that are arranged on tower body position about in the of 16, the inlet pipe 18 that is communicated with gas approach 19 is inserted tower body 16 inside, and be equipped with up and down spray header 15 in the gas washing scavenging tower, realize two spray cleanings, two spray headers 15 all are communicated with the clear water circulatory pool by pipeline.A plurality of turning vanes that are obliquely installed 17 are housed on tower body 16 inwalls, improve spraying effect.Tower body 16 bottoms are provided with sewage draining exit 20.
Cyclonic separator comprises Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler 24, and these cylindrical shell 24 tops are cylindrical structure, and the bottom is the cone barrel structure, and cylindrical shell 24 tops are provided with exhanst gas outlet 21, and cylindrical shell 24 upper side are provided with smoke inlet 23, and cylindrical shell 24 bottoms are provided with sewage draining exit 25; The blast pipe 22 that is communicated with smoke inlet 23 is 15 ° of overturning angles and is arranged on cylindrical shell 24 tops.The corner cut of mixed gas from smoke inlet 23 along 15 ° enters separator inside, in cylindrical shell, form eddy flow according to runner, variation owing to cone angle when arriving cone is accelerated eddy flow, the difference of the acceleration that the component of different densities produces and form velocity contrast, the restructuring component of acceleration is fast, and the light constituent acceleration is slow.Because whirlpool can produce underbalance effect, produce a negative pressure region of upwards inhaling in the separator central zone, the light constituent guiding that density in the mixed flow is less moves upward, and discharges from exhanst gas outlet, the restructuring that density is larger divides then and flows downward according to helical trajectory, is discharged by sewage draining exit 25.
Gas-liquid separator comprises Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler 29, and cylindrical shell 29 tops are provided with Explosion-proof cap 27 and water seal 26, prevent tempering, and side, its underpart is provided with gas approach 33, uniform Pall ring 28 in the cylindrical shell on filtering chamber 30 tops that are communicated with this gas approach 33.The bottom of cylindrical shell bottom cone 31 is provided with sewage draining exit 32.Cylindrical shell 29 tops are by vapor pipe 34 and other equipment connections.Also be filled with cleaning ball around the Pall ring 28, improve cleaning and decontamination effect improving.For making gas uniform, between the vapor pipe 34 that is communicated with other equipment and the cylindrical shell 29 many pipelines are set, be convenient to disperse the density of gas, prevent exploding.
Utilize biomass material to produce the complete processing of charcoal, gas, oil, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
A, various biomass materials are sent in the charing pond with transfer roller mix, then raw material is carried out upper igniting and ignite.
B, in the process of material combusting, oxygen feed rate in the control charing pond is carried out destructive distillation to the raw material in the charing pond, in the process of destructive distillation, controls the destructive distillation degree of biomass material by the point for measuring temperature of bottom, charing pond, and the raw material in the charing pond is made charcoal;
In the material combusting process, the method of oxygen feed rate is in the control charing pond: cover with the raw material of particle to burning, charing limit, limit material loading, when the temperature-detecting device of charing pond bottom point for measuring temperature records temperature range between 450-500 ° the time, the opening and closing time of control charing pond inner blower.
The flue gas that c, destructive distillation produce enters treating pond by ingress pipe with the speed of 10-15m/s, filtration medium in the treating pond purifies flue gas, to fall the treating pond bottom after the grit obstruction of severe in the flue gas greater than gas, the flue gas after the purification enters vertical decoking device with delivery line; Wood tar oil in the flue gas is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
The control method of raw material destructive distillation degree is: by the detection of bottom, charing pond point for measuring temperature to temperature, when bottom temp reaches 450-500 ℃, surface raw material charing is to smokeless state, charing finishes, spray one deck clear water at charcoal layer surface uniform, surface-fire is extinguished, then with discharging machine the charcoal in the charing pond is cleared out, lowers the temperature, puts in storage.
D, in vertical decoking device, flue gas enters filtering chamber through ingress pipe by the bottom of the strainer in the vertical decoking device, after filtration behind the media filtration, wood tar oil in the flue gas condenses, and under action of gravity, automatically be pooled to filter bottom, discharged by sewage draining exit, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
Gas enters cylinder body bottom by inlet mouth, during through the Pall ring in the filter chamber wood tar oil in the gas is separated, gas moves up to the top, because the barrier gas of the cone cap at air outlet place can not directly be discharged, fall at this than heavies, gas is backward lower along upper cone rising top, by discharging between air outlet and cone cap.In this process the wood tar oil in the gas being separated sewage draining exit by the bottom is expelled in the wood tar oil pond and reclaims.
E, flue gas after filtering enter condensation chamber by the pipe core of liquid phase separator and cool off, 300 ℃ of condensation chamber lower end temperature, 150 ℃ of upper end temperature, the water vapour of flue gas remnants and pyroligneous liquor, wood tar oil molecule are mixed into pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil in the rising process of cooling, and by the sewage draining exit discharge, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
Gas is entered along pipe core by inlet mouth, behind the bottom along cone cap under the pipe core to around up discharged by vapor pipe again through the condensation of gas pipe.Water coolant enters condensation chamber by the low level import and is discharged by high position outlet, enters circulating water pool and circulates.High-temperature gas is taken out of by condensation of gas pipe conduction heat and by water coolant, on the cooling tube inwall wood tar oil is separated during the gas cooling.Separating wood tar oil discharges through sewage draining exit along bottom cone.Sewage draining exit connects with the wood tar oil pond for recovering.This gas recycle process is in negative pressure state.
F, flue gas are entered in the gas washing scavenging tower by gas approach with the speed of 15-25m/s, flue gas flow is done the circumference spiral motion with the turning vane in the gas washing scavenging tower, under centrifugal action, the flue gas water-bath purified and the water droplet in the flue gas and the severe grit greater than gas is got rid of to the scavenging tower wall, and fall to scavenging tower bottom and discharged by sewage draining exit with wall, enter in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline, at this moment flue gas obtains rough purification again;
Gas is entered in the inlet pipe by gas approach, and inlet pipe top is provided with the positive cone cap, prevents that moisture content from flowing into and the discharge of heavies, and the inner back taper of cone cap is convenient to wood tar oil by the discharge of air inlet pipe core, only has the part wood tar oil to enter in the circle along the positive cone cap; Through turning vane gas spiral is risen first when gas upwards flows again, again through Bidirectional spray, the cone cap will separate than heavies again in the exhanst gas outlet lower end; Gas is discharged by exhanst gas outlet; Spray used be in and wood acid liquid one be that protection equipment two is Purge gas; Spray liquid is entered in the tower by spray header, and spray liquid is entered in the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering by overflow port and circulates; Heavies and wood tar oil are in blow-off pipe is drained into the wood tar oil pond for recovering.Wood tar oil in the tower body is in oil exit pipe is drained into the wood tar oil pond for recovering; This gas recycle process is in negative pressure state.
Scrubber tower is set before the blower fan, can the acidic substance in the gas be cleaned up, be easy to protect blower fan; Bidirectional spray is set, good purification; Top arranges rotational guide vane, improves spraying effect; Top exit pipe Taper Pipe reduces that steam in the gas is taken out of and the stopping of heavies; Also can use the pyroligneous liquor that has neutralized in the spray liquid, be conducive to protection equipment, improve simultaneously decontamination effect improving, than directly with the effect of water coolant; This gas recycle process is in negative pressure state.
G, the flue gas after the rough purification is sent in the cyclonic separator by blast pipe by induced draft fan, in this cyclonic separator, form just eddy flow according to inner flow passage, when arriving the conical part of swirler, form shunting, the gas guiding that density is little moves upward, and discharge from exhanst gas outlet, the gas that density is large is flowed out by sewage draining exit, and is recovered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline;
Induced draft fan used herein is the low-noise, enclosed blower fan of Y5-47-4.1C environmental protection.
Gas enters Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler by smoke inlet, and the inlet pipe of entrance has a tangential and downward angle, affected by this, makes gas begin herein to form a swing angle degree and enters in the cylindrical shell, carries out eddy flow according to the runner forming position in cylindrical shell.Because the variation of cone angle is accelerated eddy flow, different densities is created in the different formation of acceleration velocity contrasts in heavies when arriving cone, and heavy composition accelerates fast, and light composition acceleration is slow.Because the underbalance effect that vortex produces, produced a negative pressure region of upwards inhaling in the separator central zone, the light composition guiding that density in the mixed flow is little moves upward, and discharges from the air outlet, density is discharged through sewage draining exit along lower cone than heavies, and sewage draining exit connects with the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering.This gas recycle process is in barotropic state.
H, gas directly are imported in the gas-liquid separator by the vent pipe of cyclonic separator, behind the gas process gas-liquid separator inner filtration medium filtration, purification, export lighter for ignition to by vapor pipe, pyroligneous liquor is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters in the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering by deriving pipeline again.
I, purified gas are transported to other gas equipments by deriving pipeline.
Gas after purify reclaiming is transported to other equipment and uses, and wood tar oil, pyroligneous liquor through purify reclaim after also again recycle, and the charcoal that reclaim in initial charing pond also can continue to recycle.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is utilized biomass material to produce charcoal, gas, the purification recovery system of oil, comprise the charing pond, treating pond, vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, the gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, cyclonic separator, gas-liquid separator, wood tar oil pond for recovering and pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering, it is characterized in that, the sewage draining exit in charing pond is connected with the entrance for the treatment of pond, the exhanst gas outlet for the treatment of pond is connected with vertical decoking device with flange by ingress pipe, described vertical decoking device, liquid phase separator, the gas washing scavenging tower, induced draft fan, all be connected with flange by importing pipeline between the smoke inlet of cyclonic separator and gas-liquid separator and the exhanst gas outlet, and the sewage draining exit of each equipment is connected with the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering with the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline respectively, wherein:
A, described vertical decoking device comprise the decoking device cylindrical shell, this decoking device be respectively arranged with up and down air outlet and inlet mouth, the end of described inlet mouth is inserted into filtering chamber inside, the top of combing of the waist in the filtering chamber is provided with Pall ring and heating tube; Described cylindrical shell bottom is pyramidal structure, and the bottom of this pyramidal structure is sewage draining exit;
B, described liquid phase separator comprise the cylindrical shell that consists of this liquid phase separator, and described cylindrical shell center arranges a pipe core, and the lower end of this pipe core is provided with tapered cap, and this tapered cap places in the bottom cone of cylindrical shell bottom; Uniform many prolongs in the condensation chamber of described cylindrical shell; Vapor pipe is arranged on cylindrical shell top, and the bottom of bottom cone arranges sewage draining exit;
C, described gas washing scavenging tower comprise tower body, and are arranged on tower body up and down exhanst gas outlet and the gas approach at position, and it is inner that the inlet pipe that is communicated with gas approach is inserted tower body, and be equipped with up and down spray header in the gas washing scavenging tower; A plurality of turning vanes that are obliquely installed are housed on the tower body inwall; Described tower body bottom is provided with sewage draining exit;
D, described cyclonic separator comprise Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler, and this cylindrical shell top is cylindrical structure, and the bottom is the cone barrel structure, and the cylindrical shell top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, and the cylindrical shell upper side is provided with smoke inlet, and cylinder body bottom is provided with sewage draining exit; The blast pipe that is communicated with smoke inlet is 15 ° of overturning angles and is arranged on cylindrical shell top;
E, described gas-liquid separator comprise Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler, and described cylindrical shell top is provided with Explosion-proof cap and water seal, and side, its underpart is provided with gas approach, the uniform Pall ring of filtering chamber top cylindrical shell that is communicated with this gas approach; The bottom of cylindrical shell bottom cone is provided with sewage draining exit; Described cylindrical shell top is connected with lighter for ignition by vapor pipe.
2. a complete processing that reclaims charcoal, gas, oil with the described system purification of claim 1 is characterized in that, described technique is carried out in accordance with the following steps:
A, various biomass materials are sent in the charing pond with transfer roller mix, then raw material is carried out upper igniting and ignite;
B, in the process of material combusting, oxygen feed rate in the control charing pond is carried out destructive distillation to the raw material in the charing pond, in the process of destructive distillation, controls the destructive distillation degree of biomass material by the point for measuring temperature of bottom, charing pond, and the raw material in the charing pond is made charcoal;
The flue gas that c, destructive distillation produce enters treating pond by ingress pipe with the speed of 10-15m/s, filtration medium in the treating pond purifies flue gas, to fall the treating pond bottom after the grit obstruction of severe in the flue gas greater than gas, the flue gas after the purification enters vertical decoking device with delivery line; Wood tar oil in the flue gas is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
D, in vertical decoking device, flue gas enters filtering chamber through ingress pipe by the bottom of the strainer in the vertical decoking device, after filtration behind the media filtration, wood tar oil in the flue gas condenses, and under action of gravity, automatically be pooled to filter bottom, discharged by sewage draining exit, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
E, flue gas after filtering enter condensation chamber by the pipe core of liquid phase separator and cool off, 300 ° of C of condensation chamber lower end temperature, 150 ° of C of upper end temperature, the water vapour of flue gas remnants and pyroligneous liquor, wood tar oil molecule are mixed into pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil in the rising process of cooling, and by the sewage draining exit discharge, entered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by delivery pipe again;
F, flue gas enter in the gas washing scavenging tower with the speed of 15-25m/s, flue gas flow is done the circumference spiral motion with the turning vane in the gas washing scavenging tower, under centrifugal action, the flue gas water-bath purified and the water droplet in the flue gas and the severe grit greater than gas is got rid of to the scavenging tower wall, and fall to scavenging tower bottom and discharged by sewage draining exit with wall, enter in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline, at this moment flue gas obtains rough purification again;
G, the flue gas after the rough purification is sent in the cyclonic separator by blast pipe by induced draft fan, in this cyclonic separator, form just eddy flow according to inner flow passage, when arriving the conical part of swirler, form shunting, the gas guiding that density is little moves upward, and discharge from exhanst gas outlet, the gas that density is large is flowed out by sewage draining exit, and is recovered in the wood tar oil pond for recovering by deriving pipeline;
H, gas directly are imported in the gas-liquid separator by the vent pipe of cyclonic separator, behind the gas process gas-liquid separator inner filtration medium filtration, purification, export lighter for ignition to by vapor pipe, pyroligneous liquor is discharged by sewage draining exit, enters in the pyroligneous liquor pond for recovering by deriving pipeline again;
I, purified gas are transported to other gas equipments by deriving pipeline.
3. the complete processing of utilizing biomass material to produce charcoal, gas, oil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the material combusting process, the method of oxygen feed rate is in the control charing pond: cover with the raw material of particle to burning, charing limit, limit material loading, when the temperature-detecting device of charing pond bottom point for measuring temperature records temperature range between 450-500 ° the time, the opening and closing time of control charing pond inner blower.
4. the complete processing of utilizing biomass material to produce charcoal, gas, oil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the control method of raw material destructive distillation degree is: by the detection of bottom, charing pond point for measuring temperature to temperature, when bottom temp reaches 450～500 ° of C, surface raw material charing is to smokeless state, and charing finishes, and sprays one deck clear water at charcoal layer surface uniform, surface-fire is extinguished, then with discharging machine the charcoal in the charing pond is cleared out, lowers the temperature, puts in storage.
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