Biomass carbonated, vaporising device and technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biomass comprehensive utilization, relate in particular to a kind of biomass carbonated, vaporising device and technology.
Background technology
About 1,700 hundred million tons of the annual biomass that produce through photosynthesis in the whole world, its energy that contains roughly is equivalent to 10 times that world's main fuel consumes, and is less than 1% of its total amount as the utilization of the energy.China is as a large agricultural country, about 700,000,000 tons of annual crop stalk amount, and the energy through charing produces is equivalent to 3.5 hundred million tons of coals.In the past agricultural crop straw except that be used on a small quantity to cook, feed, papermaking, also the field, most straws are discarded because of being not used, and have wasted the energy.And straw is inexhaustible as reproducible biomass energy.In energy starved today, rationally utilize stalk, it is carried out destructive distillation, charing, vaporization reach common understanding.But current biomass carbonization, charing, vaporization technology do not reach the efficient utilization to biomass.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve just provides a kind of biomass carbonated, vaporising device that can utilize biomass efficient.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve just provides and a kind ofly utilizes that this is biomass carbonated, vaporising device carries out technology biomass carbonated, vaporization.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise the body of heater that has control valve, described body of heater is connected with condensing tower, screening tower, centrifugal tower and scavenging tower in turn, be provided with frequency conversion fan between centrifugal tower and the scavenging tower, condensing tower, screening tower, centrifugal tower are connected with separate tank with the water cooling tower that has the temperature control recycle pump, body of heater also be used for the gas separation unit of quick extinguishing and be connected.
Its additional technical feature is: described body of heater has bell that is provided with control oxygen valve, gas-filled valve, vision slit, mobile suspension ring and the furnace bottom that is provided with ignite mouth, ventage, sidewall of the furnace body is connected with the fume pipe that is connected with control valve and has the personnel gangway of top cover, water-lute between bell, top cover and body of heater;
Described condensing tower comprises the condensing tower tower body that is provided with first gas approach, first exhanst gas outlet, first water-in, first water outlet, the first detection mouth and the first isolate discharge outlet, be provided with the flue gas vertical tube in the condensing tower tower body, first water-in and first water outlet are connected by first inner bag;
Described screening tower comprises the screening Tata body that is provided with second gas approach, second exhanst gas outlet, second water-in, second water outlet, the second detection mouth and the second isolate discharge outlet, be provided with one deck water transverse tube at least in the screening Tata body, second water-in and second water outlet are connected by second inner bag;
Described water transverse tube is four layers that are crisscross arranged;
Described centrifugal tower comprises the centrifugal Tata body that is provided with the 3rd gas approach, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, the 3rd water-in, the 3rd water outlet, the 3rd detection mouth and the 3rd isolate discharge outlet, being provided with the center in the centrifugal Tata body is water service pipe, first spiral organ of blade in the water service pipe outer wall is provided with, the 3rd water-in and the 3rd water outlet are connected by the 3rd inner bag.
Described scavenging tower comprises the scavenging tower tower body that is provided with the 4th gas approach, the 4th exhanst gas outlet, the 4th detection mouth and the 4th isolate discharge outlet, is provided with second spiral organ and filler filtering layer that inwall is provided with outer blade in the scavenging tower tower body;
Described scavenging tower tower body is provided with standby exhanst gas outlet and automatic oxygen supply device.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the crop material airing is extremely dried is shredded straw to 10cm with stalk crasher, is transported to the stock ground, production area;
Second step, grab car with overhead traveling crane and fluid power the straw of chopping is grabbed into body of heater, personnel arrive the furnace bottom place by the personnel gangway, by the hole of igniting light a fire fast drop back from, start frequency conversion fan simultaneously;
The 3rd goes on foot, with overhead traveling crane bell is covered on body of heater, with bell, top cover water-lute, opens control oxygen valve;
The 4th step, furnace bottom straw are all lighted, open control valve, 145 ℃-155 ℃ flue gas enters the intravital flue gas vertical tube of condensing tower tower by fume pipe by first gas approach, with the flue gas vertical tube outer by first water-in enter, through first inner bag, come the water generates heat exchange by the effusive water cooling tower of first water outlet, 145 ℃-155 ℃ flue gas chilling in a plurality of flue gas vertical tubes, reduce to 80 ℃ rapidly---90 ℃ of condensations, isolate pyroligneous liquor and accumulate in condensing tower tower body bottom, be discharged to separate tank via the first isolate discharge outlet;
The 5th step, 80 ℃---90 ℃ flue gas is discharged the condensing tower tower body through first exhanst gas outlet, enter screening Tata body by second gas approach, with in the multi-layer intercrossed water transverse tube by second water-in enter, through second inner bag, come the water generates heat exchange by the effusive water cooling tower of second water outlet, 80 ℃---90 ℃ flue gas is reduced to 60 ℃---70 ℃, screening and separating goes out wood tar oil and accumulates in screening Tata body bottom, is discharged to separate tank via the second isolate discharge outlet;
The 6th step, 60 ℃---70 ℃ flue gas is discharged screening Tata body through second exhanst gas outlet, enter centrifugal Tata body by the 3rd gas approach, through between the interior blade of first spiral organ time and in the water service pipe by the 3rd water-in enter, through the 3rd inner bag, come the water generates heat exchange by the effusive water cooling tower of the 3rd water outlet, 60 ℃---70 ℃ flue gas is reduced to 45 ℃---50 ℃, and centrifugation goes out pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil accumulates in centrifugal Tata body bottom, is discharged to separate tank via the 3rd isolate discharge outlet;
The 7th the step, 45 ℃---50 ℃ flue gas is discharged centrifugal Tata body through the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, enter the scavenging tower tower body by the 4th gas approach, poly-between the outer blade of second spiral organ, isolate a small amount of water vapor via the filler filtering layer, purify 35 ℃---40 ℃ of high-quality inflammable gass, its composition is mainly methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by the combustion case of automatic oxygen supply device test inflammable gas;
The 8th step, charing finish, closed control valve, control oxygen valve and vision slit, start gas separation unit, in body of heater, charge into rare gas element continuously by gas-filled valve, implement quick extinguishing, treat 11---after 13 hours, furnace temperature is reduced to 35 ℃---and 40 ℃, with overhead traveling crane bell is opened, elementary charcoal is come out of the stove, be transported to the deep processing workshop with grabbing car.
Biomass carbonated, vaporising device provided by the present invention and technology, the body of heater that has control valve is connected with condensing tower, screening tower, centrifugal tower and scavenging tower in turn, be provided with frequency conversion fan between centrifugal tower and the scavenging tower, condensing tower, screening tower, centrifugal tower are connected with separate tank with the water cooling tower that has the temperature control recycle pump, body of heater also be used for the gas separation unit of quick extinguishing and be connected.Body of heater is the charing of multi-functional control oxygen, tank sealing, performance safety.Furnace bottom is the many places open and close hole of igniting, igniting fast.Adopt gas separation unit to charge into rare gas element, fire extinguishing is rapid, and the cycle is short, and extinction using gas makes that the moisture of charcoal is low.Adopt the frequency conversion fan speed governing, charing rate is fast, and the extracted amount of temperature and combustion gas is easy to control.Use condensing tower, screening tower, centrifugal tower and scavenging tower that the flue gas separation and Extraction is purified and be pyroligneous liquor, wood tar oil and inflammable gas, " locked in " operation, starting material all are converted into product, and whole process is pollution-free, do not have waste, has realized energy-conserving and environment-protective, has turned waste into wealth.To equipment cooling, temperature control, the extracted amount of pyroligneous liquor, wood tar oil and inflammable gas is big with the temperature control water cycle for leaching process, and quality is good.Whole flow process instrument shows the temperature in furnace body temperature and the extraction separation process, separate pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil with underground dynamically the storage with the static separation pond, with automatic oxygen supply device test combustion case, the mechanization degree height, adapt to large-scale industrialized production, applicable to charing, vaporization and the extraction separation purification of any biomass.One component can match with a plurality of bodies of heater from treating plant, adopts the cyclical operation of many kilns, plant factor height, production efficiency height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is biomass carbonated for the present invention, the structural representation of vaporising device;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of body of heater
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of condensing tower;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of flue gas vertical tube;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of screening tower;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of water transverse tube;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of centrifugal tower;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of first spiral organ;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of scavenging tower;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of second spiral organ.
Embodiment
The concrete structure and the use principle of, vaporising device biomass carbonated to the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technology are described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is biomass carbonated, vaporising device comprises body of heater 1, body of heater 1 has control valve 2, body of heater 1 is connected with condensing tower 3, screening tower 4, centrifugal tower 5 and scavenging tower 6 in turn, be provided with frequency conversion fan 7 between centrifugal tower 5 and the scavenging tower 6, condensing tower 3, screening tower 4, centrifugal tower 5 are connected with separate tank 10 with the water cooling tower 9 that has temperature control recycle pump 8, body of heater 1 also be used for the gas separation unit 11 of quick extinguishing and be connected, scavenging tower 6 is connected with automatic oxygen supply device 12.
As shown in Figure 2, body of heater 1 has bell 21 and furnace bottom 22, bell 21 is provided with control oxygen valve 23, gas-filled valve 24, vision slit 25, mobile suspension ring 26, furnace bottom 22 is provided with ignite mouth 27, ventage 28, sidewall of the furnace body is connected with fume pipe 29 that is connected with control valve 2 and the personnel gangway 211 that has top cover 210, bell 21, top cover 210 and 1 water-lute of body of heater.
As shown in Figure 3, condensing tower comprises condensing tower tower body 30, condensing tower tower body 30 is provided with first gas approach 31, first exhanst gas outlet 32, first water-in 33, first water outlet 34, first detection mouthful 35 and first an isolate discharge outlet 36, being provided with flue gas vertical tube 37, the first water-ins 33 and first water outlet 34 in the condensing tower tower body 30 is connected by first inner bag 38.
As shown in Figure 4, flue gas vertical tube 37 is vertical some of being provided with, and flue gas passes through in the flue gas vertical tube 37 and the recirculated water outside the flue gas vertical tube 37 produces heat exchange.
As shown in Figure 5, the screening tower comprises screening Tata body 40, screening Tata body 40 is provided with second gas approach 41, second exhanst gas outlet 42, second water-in 43, second water outlet 44, second detection mouthful 45 and second an isolate discharge outlet 46, be provided with water transverse tube 47, the second water-ins 43 in the screening Tata body 40 and second water outlet 44 is connected by second inner bag 48.
As shown in Figure 6, water transverse tube 47 is four layers that are crisscross arranged, and flue gas passes through outside the water transverse tube 47 and the recirculated water in the water transverse tube 47 produces heat exchange.
As shown in Figure 7, centrifugal tower comprises centrifugal Tata body 50, centrifugal Tata body 50 is provided with the 3rd gas approach 51, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 52, the 3rd water-in 53, the 3rd water outlet 54, the 3rd detection mouthful the 55 and the 3rd an isolate discharge outlet 56, being provided with first spiral organ, 57, the three water-ins 53 and the 3rd water outlet 54 in the centrifugal Tata body 50 is connected by the 3rd inner bag 58.
As shown in Figure 8, first spiral organ, 57 centers are water service pipe 59, and water service pipe 59 outer walls are provided with interior blade 510.
As shown in Figure 9, scavenging tower comprises scavenging tower tower body 60, scavenging tower tower body 60 is provided with the 4th gas approach 61, the 4th exhanst gas outlet the 62, the 4th detects mouthful the 63, the 4th an isolate discharge outlet 64, standby exhanst gas outlet 65, is provided with second spiral organ 66 and filler filtering layer 67 in the scavenging tower tower body 60.
As shown in figure 10, second spiral organ, 66 inwalls are provided with outer blade 68.
When biomass carbonated, vaporising device provided by the present invention uses, airing to the dry doubling of earlier stock ground, production area being deposited shreds to the crop material below the 10cm, grabbing car with overhead traveling crane and fluid power grabs into body of heater 1, personnel arrive furnace bottom 22 places by personnel gangway 211, by ignite hole 27 fast the igniting recession from, start frequency conversion fan 7 simultaneously.Hold on to a strap with overhead traveling crane then and 26 bell 21 covered on body of heater 1, with bell 21, top cover 210 water-lutes, open control oxygen valve 23, treat that furnace bottom 22 straws all light, open control valve 2,145 ℃-155 ℃ flue gas is through ventilating pit 28, fume pipe 29 enters flue gas vertical tube 37 in the condensing tower tower body 30 by first gas approach 31, enter by first water-in 33 outward with flue gas vertical tube 37, through first inner bag 38, come the water generates heat exchange by first water outlet, 34 effusive water cooling towers 9,145 ℃-155 ℃ flue gas chilling in a plurality of flue gas vertical tubes 37, reduce to 80 ℃ rapidly---90 ℃ of condensations, isolate pyroligneous liquor and accumulate in condensing tower tower body 30 bottoms, be discharged to separate tank 10 via the first isolate discharge outlet 36.80 ℃---90 ℃ flue gas is discharged condensing tower tower body 30 through first exhanst gas outlet 32, enter screening Tata body 40 by second gas approach 41, with in the multi-layer intercrossed water transverse tube 47 by second water-in 43 enter, through second inner bag 48, come the water generates heat exchange by second water outlet, 44 effusive water cooling towers 9,80 ℃---90 ℃ flue gas is reduced to 60 ℃---70 ℃, screening and separating goes out wood tar oil and accumulates in screening Tata body 40 bottoms, is discharged to separate tank 10 via the second isolate discharge outlet 46.60 ℃---70 ℃ flue gas is discharged screening Tata body 40 through second exhanst gas outlet 42, enter centrifugal Tata body 50 by the 3rd gas approach 51, during through 510 of the interior blades of first spiral organ 57 and in the water service pipe 59 by the 3rd water-in 53 enter, through the 3rd inner bag 58, come the water generates heat exchange by the 3rd water outlet 54 effusive water cooling towers 9,60 ℃---70 ℃ flue gas is reduced to 45 ℃---50 ℃, and centrifugation goes out pyroligneous liquor and wood tar oil accumulates in centrifugal Tata body 50 bottoms, is discharged to separate tank via the 3rd isolate discharge outlet 56.45 ℃---50 ℃ flue gas is discharged centrifugal Tata body 50 through the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 52, enter scavenging tower tower body 60 by the 4th gas approach 61, poly-in 68 of the outer blades of second spiral organ 66, isolate a small amount of water vapor via filler filtering layer 67, purify 35 ℃---40 ℃ of high-quality inflammable gass, its composition is mainly methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by the combustion case of automatic oxygen supply device 12 test inflammable gass.Charing finishes, closed control valve 2, control oxygen valve 23 and vision slit 25, start gas separation unit 11, in body of heater 1, charge into rare gas element continuously by gas-filled valve 24, implement quick extinguishing, treat 11---after 13 hours, furnace temperature is reduced to 35 ℃---and 40 ℃, hold on to a strap 26 with bell 21 unlatchings with overhead traveling crane, elementary charcoal is come out of the stove, be transported to the deep processing workshop with grabbing car.