CN102150596B - Method for constructing water saving type landscape plant community - Google Patents
Method for constructing water saving type landscape plant community Download PDFInfo
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- CN102150596B CN102150596B CN201110109895A CN201110109895A CN102150596B CN 102150596 B CN102150596 B CN 102150596B CN 201110109895 A CN201110109895 A CN 201110109895A CN 201110109895 A CN201110109895 A CN 201110109895A CN 102150596 B CN102150596 B CN 102150596B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a water saving type landscape plant community, comprising the following steps of: firstly, leveling a landform of a square construction area of 20m*20m; then, arranging a #-shaped groove at a trisection position of each side of the area, horizontally laying a gravel layer at the bottom of the #-shaped groove, and backfilling plant growing soil on the gravel layer; complexly planting a mixed plant community on the plant growing soil; and finally, covering saw dust in the thickness of 10cm at a base part of trees and shrubs. The method for constructing the water saving type landscape plant community can meet the requirement on rainwater storage of the water saving type landscape plant community and homeostasis in a water community so as to achieve the purposes of reducing irrigation and saving water resources.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the method in a kind of garden afforestation technology field, specifically is a kind of method that makes up water-saving ornamental plant group.
Background technology
The fast development of global economy and the expansion of population have caused the shortage of water globe resource, and China's water resources problems is particularly outstanding.The reason of shortage of water resources is a lot, and irrational building method in the Process of Urbanization is one of reason that causes shortage of water resources.As, in the city, a large amount of hard grounds, in rainfall, rainwater is failed to add in the underground water and is run off fast, and a large amount of rainwater flow into urban rainwater pipelines, bring very big pressure to the city water drainage.In the season of arid, underground water lacks, and causes the urban green space to want a large amount of supplementary irrigation, and waste water resource increases the greenery patches cost.
The urban green space is the core of keeping balance of city ecosystem and Creating Comfort human settlement, and ornamental plant group has the function of improving microclimate, keeping urban ecological security, receive rainwater, regulate rain flood, humidification oxygen release.Yet the plant community of urban green space often pays attention to viewing and admiring the function of strolling about or have a rest at present; Having ignored plant community can be through increasing that rainwater receives and the drought resistance that improves plant community is kept the effect of plant community self water balance; This has not only reduced rain big flood evil, and has practiced thrift water resource and maintenance management expense.
The problems referred to above to the existence of urban green space plant community; The rainwater that increases plant community held stay function and improve plant community drought resistance and stability and combine; Be the important means of the water-saving ornamental plant of structure group, reduce Urban Storm Flood and water-saving double effects thereby reach.
Through being retrieved, prior art finds; City, Beijing using water wisely office is in " water saving new technology and practical demonstration engineering example " (China Construction Industry Press; 2004), car is military, (Beijing is energy-conservation, 3:13) at " rainwater utilization and urban environment " for Liu Honghe radiance in the Meng; Liu Yebing, Xie Feng, Ceng Weijia are at " architectural intermediate water and rainwater reuse technical application are inquired into " (engineering method CAD and intelligent building; 2001,02), Li Junqi, car force and Meng Guanghui etc. are in " Application of Urban Rain Water scheme method and technical economic analysis " (People's Education Publishing House, Shaanxi; 2001) all speak of the method that urban rainwater is held back in; Mainly be: aspects such as rain water on roof is held back, road surface rainwater control and residential area comprehensive utilization of rainwater, as: " up concave type greenery patches rainwater holds and oozes effect analysis under the method heavy rain condition " that city, Beijing using water wisely office is introduced in " water saving new technology and practical demonstration engineering example ", utilize the up concave type greenery patches to carry out the rainwater collection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of method that makes up water-saving ornamental plant group is provided, promote water in group, store up and stay and select the adaptability plant, thereby realize the interior moisture homeostasis of plant community, reach the purpose of conserve water resource.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme: the present invention includes following steps:
The first step, that the square build area of 20 meters of 20 meters * is carried out landform is smooth.
Second step, the position of trisection is provided with the groined type groove on every limit, this zone, and lays metalling at the bottom level of groined type groove, again backfill plant planting soil on metalling.
Described groined type groove at the position of regional four limit trisection points shoveling trench digging, is offered dark 1.0～1.5m during construction, the groove of wide 1.5～2.0m, and totally four, Si Tiaogou is positioned at square area inside, and is all parallel with four limits of square area.
The thickness of described metalling is 30～50cm, the consisting of of this metalling: average diameter is the rubble of 10～20mm: average diameter is the rubble volume ratio=6: 4 of 30～40mm.
Consisting of of described plant planting soil: medium loam: the volume ratio of peat soil=7～8: 2～3.
The 3rd step, composite plant mix to be handed over plant community on plant planting soil, is specially:
The upper strata: megaphanerophyte, highly＞5 meter, and crown density 65～75%, aiphyllium: deciduous tree quantity is than=6: 4.
The middle level: anti-shady dungarunga and big shrub, 1.5～3 meters of height, crown density 25～30%, evergreen shrub: fallen leaves shrub quantity is than=8: 2.
Lower floor: the quilt of anti-the swale, shrub: draft quantity ratio=3: 7, crown density 70～75%, evergreen shrubs: machaka quantity is than=9: 1.
Described aiphyllium comprises: fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, southern magnolia and Michelia chapensis such as are at the quantitative proportion intermingle.
Described deciduous tree is adopted Luan Shu, China tree, tree-of-heaven, Piao Shu, blue or green paulownia and metasequoia, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
Described evergreen shrub adopts sweet-scented oleander, Distylium racemosum, Chinese photinia and sweet viburnum, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
Described fallen leaves shrub adopts to urinate and dredges and winged euonymus, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
Said evergreen shrubs is adopted Fatsia japonica, structure bone, Huang Xin, peach jaurel, pittosporum tobira and Ligustrum quihoui, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
Described machaka adopts Radix Hyperici Monogyni (Herba Hyperici Monogyni), kerria and the wood that continues, and the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
Said herbaceous plant is adopted the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Bermuda grass, green onion is blue, book band is careless and iris, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
The 4th goes on foot, considers to be worth doing at the thick wood fragments of shrub base portion covering 10cm.
It is 20 meters square area plant communitys of 20 meters * that the present invention makes up the water-saving ornamental plant group obtain, comprises that the under ground portion rainwater holds to stay district and acrial part plant planting district.
The present invention carries out work in the following manner: during rainfall; Along with the increase of rainfall, can't hold when staying more rainy water in common greenery patches, form the rainwater surface runoff; The rainwater surface runoff is to the groined type groove; Hold a rainwater part of staying the groined type groove and hold and stay in the groined type groove, a part is penetrated in the peripheral soil, holds the purpose that is left in the greenery patches thereby reach the rainwater that makes as much as possible.
Plant community is handed over for multiple layer mixes by the plant planting district on the ground; Intensive plant tree body, branches and leaves are held back more rainwater in plant community, and simultaneously, the plant that constitutes group is distributed from shallow to deep by dark root; In underground formation multilayered structure; Increase soil porosity, make and ooze under rainwater easily, and play the phreatic effect of self-restraint.
On the kind of plant community is selected, be main,, form strong, the ecological stable structure of plant community of drought-resistant ability through rational plant composition with drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant, indigenous plant that adaptive capacity is strong.
The present invention stays in the soil thereby more rainwater is held through the amount that the under ground portion groined type groove that makes up the economizing type plant community improves rainwater infiltration and held back by soil; Mix the absorbing capacity and the dependence that reduces water of handing over community arrangement increase rainwater through the multiple layer of acrial part drought resistance, compare, can hold back 1～2 times rainwater more, do not need pouring, reach the purpose of conserve water resource with conventional greenery patches.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 20 meters square area groined types of 20 meters * groove sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a facade layering situation sketch map of the present invention.
Embodiment
Elaborate in the face of embodiments of the invention down, present embodiment provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment being to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment 1 is implemented under following implementation condition and specification requirement condition:
1, builds the water-saving ornamental plant group of 20 meters of 20 meters * in the Minhang, Shanghai.Comprise the under ground portion rainwater hold stay the district and acrial part plant planting district.
2, square every limit trisection of 20 meters of 20 meters *; The groined type groove is set, and the degree of depth of every groove of groined type groove is 1.5m, and wide is 2.0m; The thick rubble of level shop 50cm on the base; Rubble consists of: average diameter is the rubble of 20mm: average diameter is the rubble volume ratio=6: 4 of 40mm, above backfill plant planting soil, plant planting local soil type becomes: medium loam: peat soil volume ratio=7: 3.
3, plant community is handed over, the upper strata for multiple layer mixes by the plant planting district: megaphanerophyte, highly＞5 meter, and crown density 65%, aiphyllium: deciduous tree quantity is than=6: 4.Said aiphyllium is adopted fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, southern magnolia and Michelia chapensis, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said deciduous tree is adopted Luan Shu, China tree, tree-of-heaven, Piao Shu, blue or green paulownia and metasequoia, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
4, middle level: anti-shady dungarunga and big shrub, 1.5～3 meters of height, crown density 30%, evergreen shrub: fallen leaves shrub quantity is than=8: 2.Said evergreen shrub adopts sweet-scented oleander, Distylium racemosum, Chinese photinia and sweet viburnum, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said fallen leaves shrub adopts to urinate and dredges and winged euonymus, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
5, lower floor: the quilt of anti-the swale, shrub: draft quantity ratio=3: 7, crown density 75%, evergreen shrubs: machaka quantity is than=9: 1.Said evergreen shrubs is adopted Fatsia japonica, structure bone, Huang Xin, peach jaurel, pittosporum tobira and Ligustrum quihoui, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said machaka adopts Radix Hyperici Monogyni (Herba Hyperici Monogyni), kerria and the wood that continues, and the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said herbaceous plant is adopted the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Bermuda grass, green onion is blue, book band is careless and iris, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
6, cover the thick wood fragments bits of 10cm at the shrub base portion.
7, according to above method, rainwater holds that to stay ability be 1 times of common plant community, and except that need watering in the first half of planting, later plant community no longer needs pouring.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment 2 is implemented under following implementation condition and specification requirement condition:
1, builds the water-saving ornamental plant group of 20 meters of 20 meters * in the Baoshan District, Shanghai.Comprise the under ground portion rainwater hold stay the district and acrial part plant planting district.
2, square every limit trisection of 20 meters of 20 meters *; The groined type groove is set, and the degree of depth of every groove of groined type groove is 1.2m, and wide is 1.8m; The thick rubble of level shop 40cm on the base; Rubble consists of: average diameter is the rubble of 20mm: average diameter is the rubble volume ratio=6: 4 of 30mm, above backfill plant planting soil, plant planting local soil type becomes: medium loam: peat soil volume ratio=8: 2.
3, plant community is handed over, the upper strata for multiple layer mixes by the plant planting district: megaphanerophyte, highly＞5 meter, and crown density 68%, aiphyllium: deciduous tree quantity is than=6: 4.Said aiphyllium is adopted fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, southern magnolia and Michelia chapensis, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said deciduous tree is adopted Luan Shu, China tree, tree-of-heaven, Piao Shu, blue or green paulownia and metasequoia, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
4, middle level: anti-shady dungarunga and big shrub, 1.5～3 meters of height, crown density 25%, evergreen shrub: fallen leaves shrub quantity is than=8: 2.Said evergreen shrub adopts sweet-scented oleander, Distylium racemosum, Chinese photinia and sweet viburnum, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said fallen leaves shrub adopt urinate dredge with winged euonymus,, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as be.
5, lower floor: the quilt of anti-the swale, shrub: draft quantity ratio=3: 7, crown density 70%, evergreen shrubs: machaka quantity is than=9: 1.Said evergreen shrubs is adopted Fatsia japonica, structure bone, Huang Xin, peach jaurel, pittosporum tobira and Ligustrum quihoui, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said machaka adopts Radix Hyperici Monogyni (Herba Hyperici Monogyni), kerria and the wood that continues, and the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said herbaceous plant is adopted the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Bermuda grass, green onion is blue, book band is careless and iris, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
6, cover the thick wood fragments bits of 10cm at the shrub base portion.
7, according to above method, rainwater holds that to stay ability be 1.2 times of common plant community, and except that need watering in the first half of planting, later plant community no longer needs pouring.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment 3 is implemented under following implementation condition and specification requirement condition:
1, builds the water-saving ornamental plant group of 20 meters of 20 meters * in the PVG.Comprise the under ground portion rainwater hold stay the district and acrial part plant planting district.
2, square every limit trisection of 20 meters of 20 meters *; The groined type groove is set, and the degree of depth of every groove of groined type groove is 1.5m, and wide is 1.8m; The thick rubble of level shop 50cm on the base; Rubble consists of: average diameter is the rubble of 20mm: average diameter is the rubble volume ratio=6: 4 of 35mm, above backfill plant planting soil, plant planting local soil type becomes: medium loam: peat soil volume ratio=7: 3.
3, plant community is handed over, the upper strata for multiple layer mixes by the plant planting district: megaphanerophyte, highly＞5 meter, and crown density 70%, aiphyllium: deciduous tree quantity is than=6: 4.Said aiphyllium is adopted fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, southern magnolia and Michelia chapensis, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said deciduous tree is adopted Luan Shu, China tree, tree-of-heaven, Piao Shu, blue or green paulownia and metasequoia, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
4, middle level: anti-shady dungarunga and big shrub, 1.5～3 meters of height, crown density 32%, evergreen shrub: fallen leaves shrub quantity is than=8: 2.Said evergreen shrub adopts sweet-scented oleander, Distylium racemosum, Chinese photinia and sweet viburnum, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said fallen leaves shrub adopt urinate dredge with winged euonymus,, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as be.
5, lower floor: the quilt of anti-the swale, shrub: draft quantity ratio=3: 7, crown density 75%, evergreen shrubs: machaka quantity is than=9: 1.Said evergreen shrubs is adopted Fatsia japonica, structure bone, Huang Xin, peach jaurel, pittosporum tobira and Ligustrum quihoui, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said machaka adopts Radix Hyperici Monogyni (Herba Hyperici Monogyni), kerria and the wood that continues, and said herbaceous plant is adopted the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Bermuda grass, green onion is blue, book band is careless and iris, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
6, cover the thick wood fragments bits of 10cm at the shrub base portion.
7, according to above method, rainwater holds that to stay ability be 1 times of common plant community, and except that need watering in the first half of planting, later plant community no longer needs pouring.
Claims (4)
1. the method for the water-saving ornamental plant of a structure group is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, that 20 meters * 20 meters square build area is carried out landform is smooth;
Second step, the position of trisection is provided with the groined type groove on every limit, this zone, and lays metalling at the bottom level of groined type groove, again backfill plant planting soil on metalling;
The 3rd step, composite plant mix to be handed over plant community on plant planting soil;
The 4th goes on foot, considers to be worth doing at the thick wood fragments of shrub base portion covering 10cm;
Described mixed friendship plant community is meant:
The upper strata: megaphanerophyte, highly＞5 meter, and crown density 65～75%, aiphyllium: deciduous tree quantity is than=6: 4; The middle level: anti-shady dungarunga and big shrub, 1.5～3 meters of height, crown density 25～30%, evergreen shrub: fallen leaves shrub quantity is than=8: 2; Lower floor: the quilt of anti-the swale, shrub: draft quantity ratio=3: 7, crown density 70～75%, evergreen shrubs: machaka quantity is than=9: 1;
Described aiphyllium is adopted fragrant camphor tree, glossy privet, southern magnolia and Michelia chapensis, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Described deciduous tree is adopted Luan Shu, China tree, tree-of-heaven, Piao Shu, blue or green paulownia and metasequoia, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Described evergreen shrub adopts sweet-scented oleander, Distylium racemosum, Chinese photinia and sweet viburnum, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Described fallen leaves shrub adopts to urinate and dredges and winged euonymus, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said evergreen shrubs is adopted Fatsia japonica, structure bone, Huang Xin, peach jaurel, pittosporum tobira and Ligustrum quihoui, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Described machaka adopts Radix Hyperici Monogyni (Herba Hyperici Monogyni), kerria and the wood that continues, and the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is; Said draft adopts the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Bermuda grass, green onion is blue, book band is careless and iris, the quantitative proportion intermingle such as is.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described groined type groove; Ditch in the shoveling of the position of regional four limit trisection points during construction; Offer dark 1.0～1.5m, the groove of wide 1.5～2.0m, totally four; Article four, ditch is positioned at square area inside, and is all parallel with four limits of square area.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described metalling is 30～50cm, the consisting of of this metalling: average diameter is the rubble of 10～20mm: average diameter is the rubble volume ratio=6: 4 of 30～40mm.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, what described plant planting was native consists of: medium loam: the volume ratio of peat soil=7～8: 2～3.
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| CN103355068B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州园林营造工程有限公司 | Method for using combination of trees and shrubs to improve local microclimate |
| CN104081993B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2015-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method building water storage type Garden Plant Community |
| CN104126388B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-02-08 | 棕榈生态城镇发展股份有限公司 | Plant allocation method used for hollowed fence inner side greening |
| CN106305074A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Cooling and humidifying plant community for urban parks |
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| CN107087490A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of stereo cultivation method of gold leaf metasequoia, photinia glabra and the tuber of dwarf lilyturf |
| CN107567923A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-12 | 南京林业大学 | One kind absorbs Pollution of City Traffic thing NO2Plant society |
| CN107711257B (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2020-07-31 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Construction method of flood control vegetation on river bank |
| CN110384014A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods in the water-saving gardens in Northwest arid district |
| CN109845562A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-06-07 | 北京北发生态园林有限公司 | A kind of garden landscape rainwater accumulation integral method |
| CN110122141A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-16 | 上海亦境建筑景观有限公司 | A method of building water saving type landscape plant community |
| CN110169225B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2023-04-07 | 上海十方生态园林股份有限公司 | Change ecological infiltration engineering system of ditch of soil saline and alkaline |
| CN110552355A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 广州市花木公司 | foundation pit backfill structure in garden construction and construction method |
| CN111788981B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-05-10 | 福建农林大学 | Natural-imitated Chinese fir and firepower nanmu mixed forest construction method |
| CN115500199A (en) * | 2022-09-17 | 2022-12-23 | 北京市园林绿化集团有限公司 | Water-saving drought-enduring plant configuration method and plant community used for same |
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Application publication date: 20110817 Assignee: Shenzhen Wenke Landscape Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Contract record no.: 2015440020078 Denomination of invention: Method for constructing water saving type landscape plant community Granted publication date: 20120905 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150311 |
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