CN102149272A - Farm crop cultivation method using fluorescent emitting material and material to be used therein - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a farm crop cultivation method comprising using a fluorescent emitting material for activating the photosynthesis of a farm crop, whereby the crop weight can be increased or the crop growth can be quickened to thereby establish a high cultivation efficiency with little variation in crop quality. Also provided is a farm crop cultivation method using a fluorescent emitting material, whereby the sugar concentration or the like of a crop can be elevated and the content of a component such as lycopene contained in vegetables or fruits, for example, tomato, watermelon or pink grapefruit can be increased. A farm crop cultivation method which comprises using, as a material for farm crop cultivation, a fluorescent emitting net and a fluorescent emitting sheet either alone or as a combination thereof, or a combination of a light reflective material with a fluorescent emitting net and/or a fluorescent emitting sheet, wherein the material for farm crop cultivation is located in such manner that, under light irradiation, the farm crop can be irradiated from multiple directions by the fluorescent light emitted from the fluorescent emitting net or fluorescent emitting sheet to thereby promote photosynthesis.

Description

Use the crop cultivation methods of fluorescent emission material and used material thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to use the crop cultivation methods of fluorescent emission material and used material thereof.

Background technology

Recently, in order to seek the stable supply of agricultural product such as vegetables, as light source, the plant factor's construction that is used for being provided with the factory of culturing vegetable is just intimately carried out with light emitting diode etc.The light emitting diode that irradiates the light that helps photosynthetic wave-length coverages such as plant is adopted in the construction of this plant factor, seeks the planning cultivation with this.

Yet, though this method can be planned cultivation, consume a large amount of electric power but then and be used to cultivate, environment, the energy problems such as exhaustion day by day of global warming and fossil fuel caused very big influence, this point is troubling always.

And, in outdoor cropping etc.,, all dust crops with an insecticide usually in order to manage the quality of vegetables etc.But, pollute and to sneak into the water pollution that rainwater causes by agricultural chemicals very serious by the ambient atmosphere that uses a large amount of agricultural chemicals to cause.

On the other hand, having proposed a kind of is the film for agricultural use (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1) of target with the light compositing facilitation effect.And having proposed a kind of is the agricultural light-converting material (for example, with reference to patent documentation 2) of target with light compositing facilitation effect and vermins-proof effect.Yet in these methods, owing to use the film contain fluorchrome to cover crops, thereby the sunshine tunicle covers, and is unfavorable to the growth of crops on the contrary sometimes.

In order to address this is that, for example, in patent documentation 3, to have proposed a kind of net that contains fluorchrome and promoted material as light compositing.

The prior art document

Patent documentation

Patent documentation 1: No. 5227849 communiques of Japanese kokai publication hei

Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 6-46685 communique

Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2007-135583 communique

Summary of the invention

Invent problem to be solved

If the net of record in the above-mentioned patent documentation 3 is promoted material as light compositing, then can be with the part of the light that contains in the sunshine etc. light with the favourable wavelength of the light compositing of the paired plant of this formal transformation of fluorescence, and can make light direct irradiation such as sunshine to crops from the peristome of net.So, different when having used membranaceous light compositing to promote material as described above, the adverse effect that produces along with crested such as sunshine can take place hardly.But, further improve such viewpoint from synthesize the weight that makes crops and pol etc. by further exciting light, still have room for improvement.

And, recently, along with the raising of health of people consciousness, the active ingredients such as lycopene that contained in such as the vegetables of the such red colour system of tomato, watermelon and pink grapefruit and fruit have received publicity, and people's strong request contains the vegetables of more this active ingredient and fruit etc.But present situation provides the vegetables that contain these active ingredients in large quantities and the technology of fruit still not to exist with easy cultivation method.

Therefore, first purpose of the present invention provides a kind of photosynthetic crop cultivation methods of utilizing the fluorescent emission material to activate crops, and this method further improves the weight of crops, and the growth of crops is accelerated, and make mass deviation less, and this method cultivation efficient height.And second purpose of the present invention provides the crop cultivation methods of the use fluorescent emission material that a kind of amount that can make the compositions such as lycopene that contained in vegetables such as tomato, watermelon and pink grapefruit and the fruit further increases.

Solve the means of problem

The present inventor studies intensively repeatedly in order to solve above-mentioned problem, thereby confirm when making full use of the fluorescence crop culture, balancedly natural daylight or artificial light (back also is referred to as them " light " simply) and fluorescence are exposed to crops, and be or not from a direction but as much as possible from a plurality of directions and expose to crops in large quantities with fluorescence, can synthesize by exciting light, thereby finished the present invention.

Promptly, the present invention (1) is a kind of crop cultivation methods, its use separately in fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet any or make up both or be used in combination light reflective material and fluorescent emission net and/or fluorescent emission sheet as the arviculture material, this crop cultivation methods is characterised in that, above-mentioned arviculture is arranged to material can shine crops owing to receive light from a plurality of directions from above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet emitted fluorescence, and then promotes light compositing.

And, the present invention (2) is (1) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, the light reflective sheet is used as above-mentioned light reflective material, cover on the upper berth, field of wanting crop culture and to state the light reflective sheet, and above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet are set in the mode that covers these crops, emitted fluorescence is with when the light direct irradiation that is seen through is to crops making this fluorescent emission net or this fluorescent emission sheet receive light, makes above-mentioned light reflective sheet reflect above-mentioned fluorescence and the above-mentioned light that sees through and exposes on the crops.

And, the present invention (3) is (1) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, cover on the upper berth, field of wanting crop culture and to state fluorescent emission net (1) or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet (1), and above-mentioned fluorescent emission net (2) or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet (2) are set in the mode that covers these crops, emitted fluorescence is with when the light direct irradiation that sees through is to crops making above-mentioned fluorescent emission net (2) or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet (2) receive light, makes that emitted fluorescence exposes on the crops because above-mentioned fluorescent emission net (1) or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet (1) are penetrated in the illumination that is seen through.

And the present invention (4) is (2) item or the present invention (3) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, covers above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or the above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet of crops with the dome type support body supports.

And, the present invention (5) is (1) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, use forms above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet as raw material satchel, this satchel is enclosed within on the fruit or fruit of growing, thereby makes fruit or fruit from receiving fluorescence on every side.

And, the present invention (6) is (5) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, use the umbrella that above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet is constituted as raw material, above-mentioned umbrella is installed above fruit that is with above-mentioned satchel or fruit.

And, the present invention (7) is (1) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, use roof portion and/or wall portion by the greenhouse that above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and/or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet form, above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and/or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet institute emitted fluorescence are exposed on the crops.

And, the present invention (8) is (1) described crop cultivation methods according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, the greenhouse that uses roof portion and/or wall portion to form by piece of vinyl, be arranged to cover crops in the field of cultivation in the greenhouse, thereby above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet institute emitted fluorescence are exposed on the crops with above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet.

And, the present invention (9) is (5) each described crop cultivation methods to the present invention (8) according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, cover on the upper berth, field of wanting crop culture and state fluorescent emission net, above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet and/or above-mentioned light reflective material.

And, the present invention (10) is (1) each described crop cultivation methods to the present invention (9) according to the present invention, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet are 5.5%～12.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 280nm～320nm (UV B), are 17.5%～28.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 250nm～280nm (UV-C).

And, the present invention (11) is (1) each described crop cultivation methods to the present invention (10) according to the present invention, it is characterized in that above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet are the materials that absorbs the fluorescence of the light of wave-length coverage of 250nm～650nm and emission 450nm～700nm wave-length coverage.

And the present invention (12) is (1) each described crop cultivation methods to the present invention (11) according to the present invention, and wherein, the light transmission rate of above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet is 80%～95%.

And the present invention (13) is (2) each described crop cultivation methods to the present invention (12) according to the present invention, and wherein, the light reflectivity of above-mentioned light reflective material is more than 95%.

And, the present invention (14) is a kind of fluorescent emission material, it is characterized in that, be 5.5%～12.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 280nm～320nm (UV-B), is 17.5%～28.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 250nm～280nm (UV-C).

And the present invention (15) is to be the bag shape that forms of raw material or the agricultural material of umbrella with the present invention (14) described material.

And the present invention (16) is a kind of arviculture greenhouse, it is characterized in that, roof portion and/or wall portion are formed by the above-mentioned material of claim 14.

The effect of invention

According to the present invention, provide a kind of weight that makes crops further to improve or the growths of crops is accelerated and made the little high crop cultivation methods of cultivation efficient of mass deviation.And, according to the present invention, the crop cultivation methods that a kind of pol that can improve crops etc. is provided and the amount of the compositions such as lycopene that contained in vegetables such as tomato, watermelon and pink grapefruit and the fruit is further increased.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the traditional cultivation method that has used the fluorescent emission material is shown.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that first embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is the example that has made up fluorescent emission net formula material and light reflective sheet, Fig. 2 (b) is the example that has made up fluorescent emission net formula material and fluorescent emission sheet, and Fig. 2 (c) is the example that has made up fluorescent emission net formula material and light reflective sheet and fluorescent emission sheet.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

Embodiment

Below, will explain embodiments of the present invention.

Sunshine, CO are used in the light compositing reaction of plant ₂Carry out with the water three elements, this point is well-known.Wherein, sunshine is by the wave-length coverage of wide ranges (about 200nm～4000nm) forms, and the wave-length coverage that helps light compositing to react is considered to blue wavelength region (450nm～550nm) and red wavelength range (550nm～750nm).

Especially the light of red wavelength range, the light that is considered to help the germination of plant and promotes the growth of leaf, bulb, root and fruit.For the light compositing reaction of the plant that promotes to have adopted artificial light, people are developing the light source that acute irradiation goes out the light of red wavelength range, and expose on the plant.With regard to example, in plant factor's cause, irradiate the light of red wavelength range recently, thereby the light compositing reaction of plant is carried out energetically by using a plurality of red light emitting diodes.So carrying out the light compositing reaction is the light that has utilized a certain scope of solar spectrum especially, and this point can be understood.

Generally speaking, the light compositing of plant reaction is undertaken by the irradiation sunshine, by the composition of overlapping red wavelength range, can realize promoting more energetically the light compositing reaction.

In addition, it is generally acknowledged, on the fruit surface of fruit such as apple, grape or vegetables, though do not contain to the very big chlorophyll of light compositing contribution, but can infer that the light receptor except that chlorophyll that is contained in above-mentioned epidermis etc. is contributive to plant growing, thereby in the present invention, the growth unifications of all crops of this contribution to plant growing in being also included within is expressed as " light compositing " describes.

As mentioned above, when balancedly natural daylight or artificial light and fluorescence being exposed to crops, and especially not from a direction and as much as possible from a plurality of directions and when exposing to crops in large quantities with fluorescence, to light compositing is activated is extremely effective, and crop cultivation methods of the present invention forms according to this checking result just.

Promptly, crop cultivation methods of the present invention is that (back will be referred to as this net and sheet " fluorescent emission material " as required for a kind of independent use fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet, and be also referred to as the fluorescence net, flourescent sheet) any in or make up both, perhaps be used in combination light reflective material and fluorescent emission net and/or fluorescent emission sheet as the crop cultivation methods of arviculture with material, wherein, above-mentioned material is set as follows: will expose on the crops from above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet emitted fluorescence owing to receiving natural daylight or artificial light (also being referred to as " light " simply) with face from a plurality of directions, and after irradiation, " light " that makes the space part that has passed through net or seen through sheet is effectively applied to light compositing.

During in being used in combination three kinds of materials two kinds, preferably be provided with in the mode of crops between these two kinds of materials.

And, can be with fluorescence net or flourescent sheet as the material that is bedded on the field, and, can overlapping use identical type more than two or kinds of materials as the material that covers crops.

And, in the present invention, can be provided with and use the fluorescent emission material separately.For example, by a fluorescent emission material is folded the angle setting, perhaps the mode of surrounding around it crops are placed on the inside is provided with, thereby fluorescence is emitted on the crops from a plurality of directions.

Employed above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet are to have the materials with function that harmful ultraviolet ray is converted to useful luminous ray in crop cultivation methods of the present invention, and the preferred material that uses the light of absorption 250nm～650nm wave-length coverage and launch the fluorescence of 450nm～700nm wave-length coverage.

And, the ultraviolet ray that these above-mentioned fluorescent emission nets and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet not only interdict harmful wave-length coverage 280nm～320nm (UV-B), but also the ultraviolet ray of the harmful especially wave-length coverage 250nm～280nm (UV C) of blocking, and preferably use the attenuation rate of wave-length coverage 280nm～320nm (UV-B) be 5.5%～12.0% and the attenuation rate of wave-length coverage 250nm～280nm (UV-C) be 17.5%～28.0% material.

The present invention is a kind of effective crop cultivation methods of having utilized this specific character that above-mentioned fluorescent emission net and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet had.

To the not restriction of the field of employment of these fluorescent emission nets and fluorescent emission sheet, for example,, also can use in the inside that has the incubator of illumination (plant cultivation vessel) etc. except outdoor or greenhouse.

Here, with regard in general sense, so-called greenhouse is a purpose and at the outside mask of the skeleton building with glass, plastics or piece of vinyl with regard to being meant with the plant cultivation, and in the present invention, also can use the fluorescent emission material to replace glass, plastics and piece of vinyl.

Before specifically describing above-mentioned crop cultivation methods of the present invention, at first existing cultivation method is described with reference to Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 is as existing cultivation method, shows only to cover crops with the fluorescent emission material and do not have and with other fluorescent emission material, the schematic diagram of light reflective material situation.In the cultivation method of Fig. 1 record, by the fluorescent emission material 1a of emitting fluorescence covers crops 4 with absorbing light (natural daylight or artificial light), thereby can be (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 described later with the light injected, for convenience of explanation, all be expressed as " sunshine ", below same) a part be converted to fluorescence (red light) to the ripe favourable wavelength of the light compositings of crops 4 and fruit.

Its result, as by or seen through the light compositing and the maturation that light and the light of emitted fluorescence sum after the wavelength conversion will be used to crops 4 that see through of fluorescent emission material.But in these light, what be used effectively only is the lip-deep light that exposes to crops 4, and the light (sunshine and fluorescence) that do not utilize that does not expose on the crops 4 will expose on the ground.Expose to and groundly do not utilize wide part all to be absorbed, thereby can not be used for the light compositing of crops 4 and ripe and become loss effectively by ground.

The present invention a kind ofly can reduce natural daylight that this loss and then raising supply with or artificial light and the cultivation method of the utilization ratio of emitted fluorescence after the wavelength conversion.

First embodiment of the present invention is described.

This first embodiment be a kind of on the field that will plant crops bedding as the light reflective sheet of above-mentioned light reflective material or fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet and in the mode that covers these crops the method for above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet is set, describe with reference to the schematic diagram of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 (a) has made up the conduct of fluorescent emission net to cover material of crops and the example that the conduct of light reflective sheet is bedded in the material on the field, Fig. 2 (b) be made up the fluorescent emission net as the material that covers crops and fluorescent emission sheet as the example that is bedded in the material on the field, Fig. 2 (c) has made up the fluorescent emission net is bedded in the material on the field as the material that covers crops and light reflective sheet and the conduct of fluorescent emission sheet example.

Cultivation method shown in Fig. 2 (a) carries out in the following way: have in cultivation on the surfaces, field of crops 4 light reflective sheet 2 is set, and with the interval that remains for crops 4 growths above this light reflective sheet 2 in advance, the mode in space fluorescent emission net 1 is set.

In this state, when solar irradiation is incident upon fluorescent emission net 1, in the time of from fluorescent emission net 1 emitting fluorescence, the part of this sunshine is also passed through the space part of fluorescent emission net 1, if light reflective sheet 2 receives this sunshine that passes through and do not shine fluorescence (all being not utilize light) and the reflection that crops just pass through, then the light that is reflected (sunshine and fluorescence) will shine crops 4.

So, crops will be shone from fluorescent emission net 1 emitted fluorescence with by the fluorescence that light reflective sheet 2 is reflected, and, will receive the fluorescence from both direction that is, thereby fluorescence and sunshine are used effectively, and then the light compositing of crops is activated.

In addition, " field " among the present invention comprises that kind of a field that is implanted with the seedling of crops, sowing have the field of the seed of crops, the field that kind is implanted with the trees of bearing fruit etc., as long as cultivation has some crops, just meet the definition in field.

Employed fluorescent emission net 1 is not limited to the situation shown in Fig. 2 (a) among the present invention, and the part that its form with fluorescence radiation will constitute the light of natural daylight or artificial light is converted to and can be used in the light that plant photosynthesis becomes.So the light that has passed through net 1 will have the spectral balanced favourable to the light compositing of plant.Employed in the present invention light reflective sheet 2 is so to have the material of thereby the light of the favourable spectral balanced of the light compositing of plant being supplied with light once more crops 4 by reflection.

So, such shown in Fig. 2 (a), made up the light reflective sheet and only use light reflective sheet or fluorescent emission sheet to be bedded in the situation on the field with not using fluorescent emission net 1 with the situation of fluorescent emission net or the light reflective sheet is not bedded on the field and compares with the situation that fluorescent emission net 1 or fluorescent emission sheet cover crops, can improve photosynthetic efficient significantly.

And employed in the present invention light reflective sheet 2 is owing to be arranged on the surface in field, thereby will be positioned at the below of crops 4.Therefore, as above above-mentioned, light reflective sheet 2 will reflect the light that do not utilize that does not expose to as described above on the crops 4 upward, and then this reverberation is exposed on the crops 4.Therefore, the availability that exposes to the light on the crops 4 is improved, thereby the present invention will make the light compositing of crops 4 activate, thus the increase that brings the output of crops 4.And, if having the crops 4 of fruit, the weight of fruit is increased, and pol and nutrient component are increased.

As the above-mentioned light reflective sheet 2 among the present invention, preferably using light reflectivity is light reflective sheet more than 95%.And,, then just be not particularly limited as long as can bring into play the function of reflected fluorescent light and/or sunshine as described above.

Generally speaking, for situation about being bedded on the field, preferred softness, the flexible relatively thinner film of using, the raw material composite that can give for example sends as an envoy to contain thermoplastic resin at least be shaped the material that obtains, in thermoplastic resin, disperse to have mixed the material of Chinese white and the material of on the surface of thermoplastic resin, having implemented aluminium-vapour deposition.And,, preferably use the material as white ground emulsion sheet (mulching sheet) from obtaining easiness and in price.

Yet, in the present invention,,, be not limited to the material of softness, flexible sheet as long as light reflectivity is more than 95% as light reflective material, also can use the board-like material of rigidity.For example, stand on the field and use by light reflective sheet, and then fluorescence is exposed on the crops from a plurality of directions, can access the same effect of cultivation method with Fig. 2 (a) with the fluorescent emission combination of materials with rigidity.

Next, with other example of explanation first embodiment of the present invention.

This example is being wanted bedding fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet on the field of crop culture, and as the material that is used to cover these crops, also uses fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet.This embodiment is following a kind of method: the emitted fluorescence that makes above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet owing to receive light and the light direct irradiation that sees through the fluorescent emission material cover crops are to crops, make the illumination that sees through penetrate above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet simultaneously, and emitted fluorescence is exposed on the crops.

At first, illustrate that with reference to Fig. 2 (b) having made up 1 conduct of fluorescent emission net covers material of crops and the object lesson that the conduct of fluorescent emission sheet is bedded in the material on the field.

Penetrate if fluorescent emission net 1 is carried out illumination, then fluorescence will send from this net 1, and will shine crops with the light in the space of having passed through net 1.And when the sunshine from this net 1 fluorescence of launching that does not shine crops and the space part that has passed through net 1 arrived fluorescent emission sheet 3, fluorescent emission sheet 3 will carry out sunshine the wavelength conversion and launch new fluorescence, and this fluorescence shines crops 4 again.

So crops will receive from the fluorescence of both direction and the sunshine of the space part that passes through fluorescent emission net 1, thereby light compositing is activated.And, can think also might after having arrived the fluorescent emission sheet 3 that is bedded on the field, reflect and shine crops again from the fluorescence that does not shine crops of this net 1 emission.

The fluorescent emission sheet 3 that can use in the present invention will describe in detail in the back, owing to it is that the thermoplastic resin that will contain the fluorchrome of ormal weight is configured as sheet and obtains, if thereby irradiation natural daylight or artificial light, just can launch the fluorescence that is suitable for carrying out photosynthetic wave-length coverage.Therefore, if fluorescent emission sheet 3 is set on the surface in field, then by be positioned at crops 4 above the space part of net 1 and do not carry out wavelength conversion see through light when not utilizing light to arrive field surperficial, be present in the lip-deep fluorescent emission sheet 3 in field and will absorb this light that do not utilize, the absorbed light that do not utilize changes fluorescence and emission upward once more into, and then exposes on the crops 4.So, the availability that exposes to the light on the crops 4 is improved, thereby the light compositing of crops 4 is activated, and then the increase that can bring the output of crops 4.In addition, as fluorescent emission sheet 3, can use the fluorescent emission net that had illustrated.

Next, will the another example of first embodiment of the present invention be described.

Shown in Fig. 2 (c), this example is the example that is stamped fluorescent emission sheet 3 on light reflective sheet 2 upper berths.That in this case, just can enjoy light that effectively utilizing of the light that illustrated, produced by light reflective sheet 2 illustrated among effect and Fig. 2 (b), that produced by fluorescent emission sheet 3 simultaneously in Fig. 2 (a) effectively utilizes effect.And,, can use the fluorescent emission net that had illustrated as fluorescent emission sheet 3.

In addition, though it is still not shown in the drawings, but above-mentioned Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) and Fig. 2 (c) are provided with the fluorescent emission net as covering the examples of material of crops, are provided with also and can access same effect and the fluorescent emission net is replaced with the fluorescent emission sheet.

Promptly, though on the fluorescent emission sheet, there is not the space part as the fluorescent emission net, but it is such as will be described, because light transmission rate is about 80%～95%, thereby the irradiation light of coming not is all to be converted to fluorescence, and the part of the light that irradiation is come can see through, thereby same with the situation of having used the fluorescent emission net, direct irradiation crops and arrival are bedded in the material on the field, and then to promoting that light compositing plays a role effectively.

As so that fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet cover the method that the mode of crops is provided with, can provide in the mode on the top that covers crops directly the method for net on crops for example, make the method for the dome type support body supports net that is provided with in the mode that covers crops etc., and be not particularly limited.In addition, when making dome type support body supports net, can provide following mode for example: a plurality of kinds that stride across are set dividually are implanted with the such arcuation supporter in furrow ridge of crops, and net is covered on these supporters.In this mode, all furrow ridges all become the state of being lived by the guard of tunnel (tunnel) shape.In this case, expose to equably on the crops of netting in the formed tunnel in order to make light, the length direction in preferred tunnel is consistent with North and South direction.Therefore, the preferred so that length direction of the dome type supporter mode consistent with North and South direction is provided with.

And fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet both can only use one, also can overlapping use many.

And, also can be on the surface in the field of crop culture bedding preserve moisture and/or be incubated sheet, preserve moisture and/or be incubated bedding fluorescent emission sheet 3 on the sheet at this again.

Next, second embodiment of crop cultivation methods of the present invention is described.

The cultivation method of second embodiment uses fluorescent emission net or the fluorescent emission sheet material (being referred to as satchel) as raw-material cylindric or bag shape, this satchel is enclosed within on the fruit or fruit that is in growing, and then make fruit or fruit from receiving fluorescence on every side, and, this cultivation method uses the umbrella that forms as raw material with above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet, and above-mentioned umbrella is installed above fruit that is with above-mentioned satchel or fruit.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that second embodiment of the present invention is shown, top at the fruits of the crops 4 ' that are with satchel 1 ' is provided with umbrella 3 ', wherein, this satchel 1 ' is that raw material form with the fluorescent emission net, and this umbrella 3 ' forms as raw material with the fluorescent emission sheet.

As shown in Figure 3, if will be enclosed within by the satchel 1 ' that fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet form on the fruit of vegetables or fruit, the fluorescence that then is converted into the ripe wavelength of the fruit 4 ' (in Fig. 3, showing grape) that helps vegetables or fruit and sunshine as an example will be balancedly shining on every side from the fruit of vegetables or fruit.

It is generally acknowledged, if the light of irradiation red wavelength range, then the fruiting rate of the fruit of the fruit of vegetables such as tomato, watermelon and cucumber and apple, peach, apricot, grape and pear and other fruits improves, and makes the increases such as nutrient component that contained in the pol of weight, fruit of fruit and the fruit.Cultivation method of the present invention also is effective for such purpose.Especially in the cultivation of red colour system vegetables such or fruit such as tomato, watermelon and pink grapefruit, by using this satchel, owing to the antioxidant content lycopene that is contained in these vegetables or the fruit is increased, thereby can improve the surcharge of these vegetables or fruit.

And, be installed separately on fruit 4 ' etc. with the top of the fluorescent emission sheet fruit 4 ' that is the umbrella 3 ' that forms of raw material by being arranged on the vegetables that are with satchel 1 ' or fruit or with satchel 1 ', thereby on the light compositing facilitation effect that obtains by satchel 1 ' and umbrella 3 ', can also expect that fruit etc. is had " sun-proof result ".

In the crop cultivation methods of using this umbrella 3 ' and/or satchel 1 ', for example, these crops is to be grown under the situation of the fruit on the trees, in order to obtain the effect same with first embodiment, also can the plantation these trees the surface, field on bedding light reflective sheet or fluorescent emission material.

Next the 3rd embodiment of crop cultivation methods of the present invention will be described.

The 3rd embodiment has been to use the greenhouse culture of fluorescent emission net and/or fluorescent emission sheet.

As a concrete example of this embodiment, can enumerate use is arranged on fluorescent emission net and/or fluorescent emission sheet the greenhouse of roof portion and wall as outer wall materials method.

As the main body in the greenhouse in the present embodiment, can provide for example and implement zinc-plated pipeline etc., but be not particularly limited.And, the structure in greenhouse, size, shape etc. also are not particularly limited, can adopt the type of in traditional plastic tunnel, always using.

As the roof portion that forms greenhouse of the present invention and the outer wall materials of wall, can be according to the kinds of environment, crops etc., select to use any in fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet rightly.

For example, as the material of roof portion, in order to block sleet, the flourescent sheet that does not have the space is suitable, but also can select the low fluorescence net of voidage.As this example, can enumerate the situation of considering the air capacity of soils in the greenhouse and using the fluorescence net.

On the field in being located at this greenhouse, owing to can shine from a plurality of directions of roof portion and wall from fluorescent emission material emitted fluorescence, and sunshine also can balancedly shine, thereby light compositing is activated, thereby can cultivate desired crops.

In order to obtain the effect same with first embodiment, on the surface, field in the greenhouse, also can bedding light reflective sheet or fluorescent emission material.

With other the instantiation of explanation as cultivation the 3rd embodiment, that used the greenhouse.

In the cultivation method of this instantiation, use traditional plastic tunnel, with cover cultivation therein crops or the mode in field the fluorescent emission material is set.

This cultivation method and above-mentioned first embodiment are similar, but because the sunshine that is injected in the greenhouse has seen through the outer wall plastics, thereby be not that such situation is compared, light quantity reduces, meanwhile, send and arrive the fluorescence of crops and see through the amount that the fluorescent emission material arrives the sunshine of crops from the fluorescent emission material owing to the irradiation sunshine and also weaken generally.

So, when selecting fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet, also must consider this point.And, effectively utilize to greatest extent from fluorescent emission material emitted fluorescence, must be from a plurality of directions the mode that fluorescence exposes to crops be provided with the fluorescent emission material as much as possible.

For example, preferably angulation ground is provided with on the fluorescent emission material, as with being provided with towards crops after the large-area fluorescent emission material bending, perhaps many fluorescent emission materials is provided with towards crops.

As other instantiation, for sunshine is exposed on the crops in large quantities and selected voidage than higher fluorescence net after, if by being that the both ends of mode fixed network of roughly isosceles triangle on summit and then the mode that covers the field are installed with fixing large-area this fluorescence net of the mode that hangs from the ceiling in greenhouse, to constitute with this fixed part, then the net from two hypotenuse portions of isosceles triangle promptly just can shine crops from the both direction emitted fluorescence.

Next, employed in the present invention fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet are described.As being used for fluorescent emission net of the present invention and fluorescent emission sheet, need be to have the light of working as harmful especially ultraviolet ray of absorption such as the light time of shining sunshine and blue light scope and the materials with function that is converted to useful luminous ray, promptly, it need be the material of launching the light of the wave-length coverage of especially in the light compositing reaction of plant, utilizing with the form of fluorescence, therefore, preferably absorb the light of 250nm～650nm wave-length coverage and send the material of the fluorescence of wave-length coverage 450nm～700nm.The wave-length coverage of fluorescence radiation then just can access enough light compositing facilitation effects as long as in this scope.

Especially, be used for above-mentioned fluorescent emission net of the present invention and above-mentioned fluorescent emission sheet and be not only interdicting the ultraviolet ray of harmful ultraviolet wave-length coverage 280nm～320nm (UV-B) but also will interdict the ultraviolet material of harmful especially wave-length coverage 250nm～280nm (UV-C), the attenuation rate of preferably using wave-length coverage 280nm～320nm (UV-B) be 5.5%～12.0% and the attenuation rate of wave-length coverage 250nm～280nm (UV-C) be 17.5%～28.0% material.

Utilize the main cause of the lycopene amount that crop cultivation methods increase of the present invention especially contains in red colour system vegetables such as tomato and the fruit, can infer to cause by above-mentioned UV-C decay.

Like this, fluorescent emission material of the present invention has ultraviolet screening effect.In recent years, along with the destruction of ozone layer, people are increasing in the ultraviolet amount that worry exposes on the face of land always.Ultraviolet ray it is generally acknowledged and bring harmful effect can for intracellular chromosome that this is no exception in plant.Chromosome is subjected to ultraviolet dysgenic cell and is damaged, and the growth that is subjected to the crops of this influence will be hindered, thereby in order to promote the growth of crops, ultraviolet countermeasure also is necessary.

The above-mentioned ultraviolet attenuating of present inventor in order to verify that employed fluorescent emission material is had among the present invention, used above-mentioned flourescent sheet, (1) uses the daylight fluorescent lamp on the one hand, (2) be used in combination this daylight fluorescent lamp and black light lamp on the other hand, observed the growing state of cherry ternip (), the result shows, (1) situation has been equivalent to use (2) situation that contains ultraviolet black light lamp, gross weight and pol are all high, not containing ultraviolet light is effectively to the growths of crops, thereby can confirm serviceability of the present invention.To this, will in the reference example 1 of back, specify.

And, the present inventor uses (1) traditional plastic tunnel and (2) to form the greenhouse of whole roof portion and wall with flourescent sheet used in the present invention, has measured the temperature in the greenhouse, consequently, in atmospheric temperature is about 30 ℃, and the insolation intensity of sunshine is about 800W/m ²The time, be about 35 ℃ under the situation of (1), and under the situation of (2), be about 27 ℃.

This can think owing to flourescent sheet used in the present invention makes the optical attenuation of short wavelength range the energy of picked-up have been reduced significantly, and can infer and to reduce about 30%～40% energy.

And when irradiates light, above-mentioned fluorescent emission material used in the present invention not only sends the fluorescence to the effective 450nm～700nm of light compositing from the surface, in fact also send long wavelength's far infrared.Can think that according to this point the inner surface of fluorescent emission material used in the present invention is to the reflectivity height of far infrared.On the contrary, far infrared is little to the emissivity of external emission.So, can infer, for the greenhouse that especially forms by flourescent sheet, compare with traditional plastic tunnel, owing to this characteristic has higher heat insulating ability.

And the vision of the insect of food evil crops generally has stronger sensitivity to red color range, thereby by sending the fluorescence of above-mentioned such wave-length coverage, thereby bring stronger stimulation can for the vision of insect.Therefore, insect will take to escape the action of this stimulation, thereby can bring into play vermins-proof effect.And, because the light of the ultraviolet ray range that the cell of plant is damaged is absorbed (blocking), thereby can bring favorable influence to the growth of crops.

And according to present inventor's etc. checking, this fluorescent emission material has the bactericidal effect of soil, for example, has confirmed to have the dispel effect of coriander powdery mildew.

The present invention is to use fluorescence and sunshine and promotes photosynthetic method, therefore, above-mentioned fluorescent emission material is not that whole sunshines that irradiation is come all are converted to fluorescence, but for the fluorescence net, must make the part of sunshine pass through space part, for flourescent sheet, the part of sunshine is seen through.Thereby, for flourescent sheet, be preferably the transmitance about 80%～95%.

For employed fluorescent emission material in the present invention, in order to make at the raw-material inner fluorescence that produces that constitutes these materials efficiently to external emission, preferably, the surface of this fluorescent emission material is not an optically smooth, but is formed with the rough surface with fine concavo-convex state.By making the surface be such rough surface, thereby make at the inner fluorescence that produces of raw material and on rough surface, carry out diffuse reflection, by this diffuse reflection the light quantity to the fluorescence of raw-material external emission is increased, thereby can further improve effect as purpose of the present invention.

Above-mentioned as the back, employed in the present invention fluorescent emission material is that approach or thin raw material, thereby on the surface be originally just had trickle concavo-convex, but, in order to take out fluorescence to the outside more efficiently, can on the raw-material surface that constitutes these materials, be provided with concavo-convex consciously.

Among the present invention employed fluorescent emission material be by absorbing natural daylight or artificial light from top (surface) and below (back side) send through the fluorescence of wavelength conversion and then the material of generation light compositing facilitation effect.Here, under the situation of having used the such woven cloth of fluorescent emission net, form because woven cloth leaves gap (being called space part) braiding between graticule, thereby the light that irradiation is come not is all to be converted to fluorescence.Therefore, the needed light of light compositing is passed through from this space part, and this space part is guaranteed air capacity of soils, and then the moisture of emission surplus etc., help growing of crops.

The voidage of the fluorescence net among the present invention will be described.

The area that so-called voidage is meant space part shared ratio in the area of whole net.

If voidage is diminished, promptly, the mesh of net is narrowed down and the raw material amount of net is increased, then the fluorescence volume that is sent will increase, but then, seeing through the natural daylight of net or the amount of artificial light will reduce, so voidage is preferably selected rightly according to milpa, environment and the kind of crops.

For example, cover crops and cultivate in this case directly covering crops with the fluorescence net or, preferably voidage is designed to 70%～90% with dome-type support body supports.On the other hand, as above-mentioned greenhouse culture, using on a large scale under the situation of fluorescence net, considering wind and snow and air capacity of soils etc., voidage can be designed to 30%～50%.

As required, employed fluorescent emission material can use many overlappingly among the present invention.For the fluorescence net, owing to can adjust the voidage of net, thereby can be, adjust the harmony between the fluorescence that the light that sees through net and process wavelength be converted to according to the difference of crops.

Employed fluorescent emission net is that the composition that will comprise thermoplastic resin and fluorchrome at least is made as raw material among the present invention, for example, can enumerate the woven cloth that flat yarn, monofilament and compound monofilament etc. that the film severing that will obtain by this composition that is shaped and processing obtains are made as raw material.As this woven cloth, be not particularly limited, can provide net for example.

Being used for making in the above-mentioned raw material of the employed fluorescent emission net of the present invention, for flat yarn, preferred thickness is about 5 μ m～150 μ m, more preferably about 10 μ m～100 μ m.And for monofilament, the optimum fiber diameter is 140 μ m～1000 μ m, more preferably about 220 μ m～700 μ m.In addition, the thickness that is used as the raw-material film of flat yarn is preferably about 0.2mm～0.7mm, more preferably about 0.1mm～0.5mm.

On the other hand, fluorescent emission sheet and fluorescent emission net are same, be will comprise thermoplastic resin and fluorchrome at least composition as raw material, for example obtain by shaping.As forming process, be not particularly limited, can use extrusion molding, injection molding and compression molding etc., especially preferably use extrusion molding.As the thickness of sheet, can provide about 0.2mm～0.7mm for example, and be not limited thereto, can consider that the factor of needed intensity and cost etc. and so on is determined rightly.

As long as penetrate light (fluorescence) and present the light compositing facilitation effect by making illumination such as sunshine be incident upon emission that fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet produce, then employed fluorchrome just is not particularly limited in fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet.

So, all penetrate the light time requiring yellow system, orange colour system and red colour system as emission, in order to obtain the light compositing facilitation effect, preferably use the light absorption wavelength scope preferably to be present in 400mm～600nm, more preferably to be present in 470mm～600nm and shining such fluorchrome that the radiative wave-length coverages that the light time produced such as sunshine are present in 450mm～700nm.And,, also can access above-mentioned various effects by using this fluorchrome.

And, requiring red colour system as the emission light time, preferably use the light absorption wavelength scope preferably to be present in 250mm～650nm and be present in the such fluorchrome of 450mm～700nm having shone the radiative wave-length coverages that the light time produced such as sunshine.

Above-mentioned fluorchrome comprises fluorescent dye or fluorescent pigment.As fluorchrome, can enumerate the fluorchrome of nonionic, violanthrene ketone pigment for example, many lopps pigments such as flavanthrones pigment perylene class pigment and pyrene class pigment, dibenzopyrans class pigment, thioxanthene class pigment, the naphthalimide pigment, the aphtholactam pigment, anthraquinone pigment, benzanthrone pigment and coumarin pigment etc., can from these pigments, select to use the fluorchrome that has above-mentioned absorbing wavelength scope and launch above-mentioned wave-length coverage light rightly, and wherein You Xuan perylene class pigment or naphthalene imines class pigment, especially preferred Shi Yong perylene class pigment.

Zuo Wei perylene class pigment for example can be enumerated Yellow 083, the Orange 240 of F series of the trade name Lumogen that German BASF AG produces and Red 305 etc.

And,, for example can enumerate the Violet 570 of F series of the trade name Lumogen that German BASF AG produces and Blue 650 etc. as the naphthalimide pigment.

These fluorchromes can be dissolved in such as in such organic solvent such as glycols, aromatic hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ester class, ketone or amide-type or the water and use.

The concentration of the above-mentioned fluorchrome that contains in employed in the present invention fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet is for the thermoplastic resin that forms these fluorescent emission nets or fluorescent emission sheet, be preferably in mass 0.001%～0.03%, more preferably in mass 0.015%～0.02%.

If fluorchrome contain quantity not sufficient, then the absorptive amount of light such as sunshine will reduce, with its simultaneously, emission light (fluorescence) amount will reduce, thereby is unfavorable.And, if the content surplus of fluorchrome though then the absorptive amount of light such as sunshine increases, because the concentration delustring makes the minimizing of emission light (fluorescence) amount, thereby is unfavorable.

In employed in the present invention fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet, preferably contain a kind of fluorchrome.If contain multiple fluorchrome, then will reciprocally cut apart and absorb light and make fluorescence volume be in the tendency of minimizing, thereby be unfavorable.Therefore, when needs contain multiple fluorchrome, preferably use many fluorescent emission nets and fluorescent emission sheet, make each material contain different types of fluorchrome respectively.

The present inventor is in createing the process of invention, confirmed following phenomenon: if above-mentioned fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet are used down repeatedly, then fluorchrome will stripping gradually from these materials, emission (fluorescence) intensity reduces, and desired at short notice effect has disappeared.Can infer that the reason that this phenomenon takes place is because dispersed not enough the causing of intermiscibility between thermoplastic resin and the fluorchrome or fluorchrome, therefore preferred selection as the combination intermiscibility of thermoplastic resin and fluorchrome preferably.

Can bring into play light compositing facilitation effect and vermins-proof effect for a long time in order to be used in fluorescent emission material of the present invention, need be to long-term stable material such as wind and snow and temperature Change, therefore, preferably dispersiveness between thermoplastic resin and the fluorchrome and intermiscibility are better, and fluorchrome can not isolated from formed body.

So, as thermoplastic resin, can enumerate: polyester, nylon, Merlon, polyacrylate, polymethacrylates, polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride etc., and according to above-mentioned viewpoint, in above-mentioned thermoplastic resin, preferred polyester, nylon and the polyolefin resin of using especially preferably uses polyester.

In the outer wall materials of general plastic tunnel, use polyolefin resin, polyvinyl chloride and fluororesin etc. as thermoplastic resin, and for the fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet that contain fluorchrome as the present invention, as above above-mentioned, can after the dispersiveness and intermiscibility studied between thermoplastic resin and the fluorchrome, select rightly again to use.

For polyester, preferably use for above-mentioned purpose sour composition and glycol component and and then the synthetic resin of selecting to constitute polyester rightly.

As polyester, can enumerate and make terephthalic acids, M-phthalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid and 2, sour composition and ethylene glycol, 1 such as 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acids, 4-butanediol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1, polymer that glycol component polycondensations such as 4-cyclohexanedimethanol and cyclohexanediol obtain or replaced with copolymer composition should the acid composition and/or the copolymer of the part of glycol component.Particularly, can enumerate PETG, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) as preferable material.

And, as nylon, can provide for example: nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,10, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6/11 and nylon 6/12 etc.

And, as polyolefin, can provide for example: high density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene, chain low density polyethylene (LDPE), straight chain shape low density polyethylene (LDPE), used polypropylene-based resins such as polyvinyl resins such as ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer, Noblen, Ethylene-Propylene Block Copolymer and ethylene-propylene Random copolymer RCP that metallocene catalyst makes etc.

Above-mentioned thermoplastic resin can be Biodegradable resin.

In the scope that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can make employed in the present invention fluorescent emission material contain anti-fading agent and/or light resistance additive.And, can mix normally used additives such as antioxidant, dispersant, lubricant, charged preventor, pigment, inorganic filler, crosslinking agent, blowing agent and nucleator.

Wavelength conversion characteristics when next, explanation having been used employed in the present invention fluorescent emission material.As the intensity index of the irradiates light of relevant growth and development of plants, can use PPFD (the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing) value.The PPFD value is used respectively red wavelength range to incident light, and ((light of 380nm～580nm) defines except that being incident upon the light quantity subnumber on the unit are and carrying out principal value of integral in each wave-length coverage in the unit interval with avogadros constant for 580nm～780nm) and blue wavelength region.

That is, if establish E _λFor energy, the h of the time per unit under wavelength X is Planck's constant, v _λFor being that vibration frequency and Na under the λ is avogadros constant at wavelength, the PPFD value (I of blue wavelength region then _{λ B}) represent with following formula:

Several 1

$I_{\mathrm{\λB}}=\underset{380}{\overset{580}{\∫}}\{E_{\mathrm{\λ}}/\left(h{v}_{\mathrm{\λ}}\right)\}/N_a\mathrm{d\λ}$

PPFD value (the I of red wavelength range _{λ R}) represent with following formula:

Several 2

$I_{\mathrm{\λR}}=\underset{580}{\overset{780}{\∫}}\{E_{\mathrm{\λ}}/\left(h{v}_{\mathrm{\λ}}\right)\}/N_a\mathrm{d\λ}$

The present inventor pays close attention to and uses R/B=I _{λ R}/ I _{λ B}The R/B ratio of definition, confirmed following item: as to promoting light compositing and bring the condition of effective fluorescent emission Web materials of vermins-proof effect and fluorescent emission sheet, the ratio (being called the R/B relative value) that has passed through the R/B value (X) of the R/B value (Y) of light of fluorescent emission Web materials or fluorescent emission sheet and irradiates light itself (do not use fluorescent emission Web materials or fluorescent emission sheet and direct irradiation to crops) is preferably 1.1～1.5.

If the R/B relative value is too little, then the PPFD value of red wavelength range will too diminish and can not obtain enough light compositing facilitation effects.The situation of overlapping use fluorescent emission net formula material also is same, can use the R/B value (Y) of the light that has passed through overlapping net to calculate the R/B relative value.As having illustrated, as required, the fluorescent emission net can overlapping use many, and number is many more, can improve the PPFD value of red wavelength range more, still, irradiates light also becomes the state that is covered strongly simultaneously, even therefore the result is that the R/B relative value is too big, can not obtain desired effect.

And, with regard to the R/B value, confirmed following item: when the irradiates light that is used to cultivate crops is the such natural daylight of sunshine, the R/B value of having passed through the light (light of being changed by wavelength because of fluorescence) of fluorescent emission net is preferably about 0.90～1.25, and, when being the such artificial light of fluorescent lamp, the R/B value of having passed through the light of fluorescent emission net is preferably about 1.00～1.40.When overlapping use fluorescent emission net, the R/B value of having passed through the light of this overlay network is preferably above-mentioned scope.

In addition, the intensity (being called intensity of sunshine) with natural daylight (sunshine) is every 1m ²Be called the benchmark intensity of sunshine during for 1kW, and be used as the spatial distribution benchmark of sunshine.The R/B value of the natural daylight of this moment itself is 0.8 (± 5%), and the R/B value of the artificial light that fluorescent lamp is such is 0.94.For the such natural daylight of sunshine, because intensity can change along with the variation of the sun, thereby ± 5% mean its intensity of variation.

In the present invention,, compare, can make the harvest yield of crops increase by 1.2 times to more than 2.0 times with the situation of not using this material by the fluorescent emission material that use has this specific character.

If use the fluorescent emission material, then needless to say, arrive and to reduce maximumly about 20% to the irradiation light quantity of the natural daylights of crops or artificial light, and identifiablely according to present inventor's experimental result be, even irradiates light has reduced this degree, harvest yield can not reduce significantly yet.

Fluorescent emission Web materials used in the present invention is with having insect protected (pest repelling) effect.

When (1) having used the red fluorescence pigment

The present inventor has confirmed following item: used the fluorescent emission net that contains the red fluorescence pigment or fluorescent emission sheet situation contains the net formula material of red common pigment (non-fluorescent colour element) with use or the situation of sheet is compared, the stimulation (stimulation in bright place, the photopic vision characteristic of human eye) that brings to human eye has increased about 2.0 times.

So, if select the wave-length coverage that the emission insect feels fluorescence fluorchrome and be used for the fluorescent emission Web materials or the fluorescent emission sheet, then because the stimulation of insect is strengthened, thus can prevent insect to vegetables or fruit near coming.

When (2) having used yellow, orange fluorchrome

It also is same having used the fluorescent emission net formula material of yellow, orange fluorchrome or the situation of fluorescent emission sheet, the stimulation that the brings (stimulation in bright place to human eye, the photopic vision characteristic of human eye) increased about 2.2 times, this point is confirmed by the present inventor.

Example as the fluorescent emission net of this insect protected of effective performance (pest repelling) effect, can make a fluorchrome that contains the fluorescence that produces the wave-length coverage that helps the light compositing facilitation effect in the warp parallel raw material, and being contained, another produces the wave-length coverage help vermins-proof effect (the about fluorchrome of the fluorescence of 450nm～600nm), and can select to use the fluorchrome that help the light compositing facilitation effect according to the kind of crops.

Next, the net of woven cloth, the especially fluorescent emission of the fluorescent emission in the fluorescent emission net of the present invention will be described in detail.

As the former stockline that is used to make the fluorescent emission net, can use the film that will utilize various forming machines to make to cut the back ad lib and extend the flat yarn that obtains, flat yarn is torn tearing yarn and will extending the monofilament that obtains from the fibril that circle or special-shaped nozzle are extruded or compound lines such as single-layer types such as composite filament, multi-layered type, core-sheath-type and parallel type that low-titer fibril boundling forms etc. of obtaining.

And, also can be with the strand that above-mentioned film is cut the about 0.3mm～0.5mm of microscler film production diameter that obtains, with 3～5 these strand's boundlings, and with it as the raw material that are used to make the fluorescent emission net.

The film that is used for making flat yarn can be made as follows: use the fluorchrome of mixers such as Henschel mixer in thermoplastic resin hybrid regulatory certainty ratio in advance, the mixture that obtains is supplied with extruder to carry out mixing, perhaps respectively the thermoplastic resin of regulation ratio and fluorchrome are directly supplied with extruder and carried out mixingly, use such known method such as extrusion molding method, injection molding method and compression forming method to make then.In addition, also can adopt so-called mother material as follows: make and become the masterbatch that the of the same race or homology resin of the thermoplastic resin of matrix contains the fluorchrome of high concentration in advance, when film is shaped,, and then carries out film and be shaped so that fluorchrome becomes the mode of regulation content adjusts.

If describe as example with the situation of using the film that obtains by the extrusion molding method, then flat yarn can be made by following process: will comprise such as the such above-mentioned thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin, polyester or nylon and the mixing thing of fluorchrome being fed into extruder, utilize T modulus method or blow moulding under unformed state, to extrude, cooling curing then, resulting film being cut into about 2mm～50mm, preferably approximately extending behind 5mm～30mm width, heat-treat again.The extension of this moment is handled and is being carried out below the fusing point of high-melting-point thermoplastic resin or under the temperature more than the softening point of low melting point thermoplastic resin, and as heating method, can adopt any method in hot-rolling formula, hot plate type and the hot air type etc.

The thermoplastic film that cuts is through heating, and the roller that has difference before and after utilizing between roller extends, thereby forms the orientation silk.Extension ratio is preferably 3 times to 15 times scope, and more preferably 4 times to 12 times scope most preferably is 5 times to 10 times scope.If extension ratio is more than 3 times, then can access the enough big intensity of flat yarn.And,, then can prevent to cross the fracture of the flat yarn that causes by force owing to the orientation of bearing of trend if extension ratio is below 15 times.And the fineness of single orientation silk is generally 200dtex～10000dtex (below, be abbreviated as dt), is preferably in the scope of 500dt～5000dt.

The orientation silk of the thermoplastic resin that obtains is like this woven as graticule, and then make netted woven cloth.

In addition, in employed in the present invention fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet, also can comprise the fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet that are made by the film that fluorchrome is attached to for example contain thermoplastic resin or its microscler film, flat yarn and raw-material lip-deep materials such as monofilament and/or compound monofilament.In this case, same with fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet made as the composition of main component in order to thermoplastic resin and fluorchrome about except that making fluorchrome be attached to conditions such as material the raw material surface, method for making, the Therefore, omited.Here, so-called " fluorchrome adheres to the raw material surface " be meant picture by coating fluorchrome on raw-material surface coating fluid so that form the situation that the fluorchrome of situation, the use dye-type of the film that is formed by fluorchrome dyes, the state that fluorchrome is adhered to by surface treatment.

Yet aspect durability, the material that mixing pigment is made in resin than " material that adheres to " more preferably as described above.

Optimum condition when next, especially woven cloth in making fluorescent emission net used in the present invention being described.

When making woven cloth, use at least two kinds of materials using with parallel of warp.As this material, for example can from the secondary operations body of microscler film, flat yarn and monofilament etc. and these materials, select, what two kinds of materials both can be for identical type, also can be for different types of.So, can comprise the woven cloth that warp and parallel have used not same material braiding to form in the employed in the present invention woven cloth.

And two kinds of raw material that are used for warp and parallel both can contain the fluorchrome with identical emission wavelength scope respectively, also can contain the fluorchrome with different emission wavelength scopes.As the fluorchrome with different emission wavelength scopes, can provide for example only has substituting group different and have the fluorchrome of homologous ray of identical pigment skeleton or a fluorchrome with different system of different pigment skeletons.

And, also can only make one in each raw material that forms warp and parallel to contain fluorchrome, and make another not contain fluorchrome.This method is suitable for adjusting the transmitance of light such as sunshine.

Embodiment

Utilize embodiment to be described more specifically the present invention below, but the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of following embodiment.

＜making fluorescent emission net A and B 〉

(1) the raw material film of making fluorescent emission net

As thermoplastic resin, prepared to make ethylene glycol/1 as glycol component, (SK Chemicals company produces, trade name: PET-G, trade mark: S2008) with the mylar that obtains as the terephthalic acids polycondensation of acid ingredient in 4-cyclohexanedimethanol=60/40 (mass ratio).In this mylar, mixed (the German BASF AG production of 0.02% De perylene class pigment in mass of this mylar, trade name:, carry out the mixing resin combination of having made with Henschel mixer Lumogen F Red 300) as fluorchrome.Then, use

Extruder, the resin combination that will utilize T modulus method (260 ℃ of melt temperatures) to obtain is configured as membranaceous, and at 30 ℃ of following cooling curings, has made the film of thickness 60 μ m.In addition, the perylene class fluorchrome of the usefulness that makes is to absorb the light (maximum absorption wavelength is 578nm) of the extremely about 590nm wave-length coverage of about 520nm and send the pigment (maximum fluorescence wavelength be 613nm) of about 600nm to the fluorescence of about 680nm wave-length coverage.

(2) make the fluorescent emission net

With the strand that the film of above-mentioned (1) is cut the about 0.4mm of microscler film production diameter that obtains, the wire harness that three this strand boundlings are obtained is used as the raw material that the making net is used.Next, these raw material as warp and parallel, are utilized the La Sheer braider, having made mesh is the fluorescent emission net A of 1.5cm * 1.5cm (voidage about 83%) and the fluorescent emission net B (voidage about 40%) that mesh is 0.5cm * 0.5cm.

＜making fluorescent emission net C 〉

(German BASF AG produces Shi Yong perylene class pigment, trade name: Lumogen F Red 305) as fluorchrome, in addition, similarly made film with above-mentioned (1).The film of making is cut into width 5mm, extends then, having obtained fiber number is the flat yarn (containing fluorchrome) of 600dt.

On the other hand, utilize the monofilament shaping dies with high density polyethylene (HDPE) (MFR=0.7g/10min, density=0.957g/cm ³, Tm=129 ℃) melt extrude, then at 20 ℃ of following cooling curings, extend processing then, having obtained fiber number is the monofilament (not containing fluorchrome) of 700dt.

As the chain line, as inserting line, use the La Sheer braider to make mesh 2.0 * 2.0cm, area 1.5m on the above-mentioned flat yarn that obtains on the above-mentioned monofilament that obtains ²The fluorescent emission net C of La Sheer net.

＜making fluorescent emission sheet S 〉

The BYRON SI-173 that uses the textile company production of Japanese Japan is as mylar, to wherein mix in mass 0.02%, be used to make above-mentioned fluorescent emission net A, B De perylene class pigment as fluorchrome, carry out film forming by blow-moulding process then, made fluorescent emission sheet S.The light transmission rate of this fluorescent emission sheet S is about 85%.

The ultraviolet screening effect of＜fluorescent emission net A 〉

In order to measure the ultraviolet screening effect that adopts the fluorescent emission net A that above-mentioned method for making makes, xenon lamp as light source, has been measured and seen through throw the net a UV-B before and after the A and the integrating light quantity of UV-C, calculated the UV-B of net A and the blocking rate (attenuation rate) of UV-C.

Use net net A

Light source: 100 of xenon lamps 10 seconds

Integrating actinometry device: EIT company makes Power Puck

From above-mentioned measurement result as can be known, passed through the intensity of the UV-B that contains in the xenon lamp behind the net A and UV-C with by comparing before the net A, decayed 6.7% and 18.5% respectively.Can confirm that thus employed fluorescent emission net can cover as harmful ultraviolet UV-B and UV-C among the present invention, and then can prevent to hinder by the growth that ultraviolet ray causes crops.In addition, net A is set to UV-B when two-layer and the blocking rate of UV-C is respectively 13.5% and 29.7%.

＜embodiment 1～2, comparative example 1～2 〉

(the cherry ternip outdoor cropping test that utilizes the combination of fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet to carry out)

On the field of Mao Ye city, Nagano county river, palace Xishan area, the furrow ridge of four (below be called furrow ridge A, furrow ridge B, furrow ridge C, furrow ridge D) the about 120cm of east-west direction, about 90cm of North and South direction has been prepared in the compartment of terrain that is provided with 140cm or 200cm, has carried out cherry ternip outdoor cropping test.The cultivation time is in 28 days to 2008 May in 2008 this 25 day time on June 21,, and mean temperature of air during this period is 18.0 ℃, and average sunshine time is 5.9 hours, and the integrating value of incident light is 114.3kWh/m ²

Experiment in cultivation is to carry out in 20 holes that excavate about 3cm * about 3cm size everywhere by the interval with about 18cm.And, on furrow ridge A, furrow ridge B and the furrow ridge D respectively one of bedding can cultivate 24 white ground emulsion sheet (below, also be called " white mulch film "), as the light reflective sheet.Then, the seed (Japanese slope field seeds company produces, the Cruciferae Rhaphanus) of sowing cherry ternip in 20 everywhere the holes of the furrow ridge of bedding adularescent mulch film A, furrow ridge B and furrow ridge D.For the furrow ridge C that does not have bedding white mulch film excavate similarly 20 everywhere the hole and sowed seed.

Next, prepared the fluorescent emission net A (mesh: about 1.5cm * 1.5cm of about 2m * 2m size, voidage: about 83%), for three furrow ridge A, furrow ridge B, furrow ridge D, fix three semicircle camber aluminum supporters altogether at the both ends and the central portion of east-west direction respectively, on furrow ridge A and furrow ridge C, cover with a fluorescent emission net A respectively then, and overlappingly on the B of furrow ridge cover three fluorescent emission net A, form the highly approximately dome type of 1.5m.

Then, measured the first six individual calculated mean value bigger to weight from the weight of the cherry ternip fruit of each furrow ridge results.Its result is as shown in table 1.In table 1, above-mentioned material has been used in " zero " expression, and this material is not used in " * " expression.

Table 1

As shown in Table 1, the cherry ternip that uses the fluorescent emission net to cultivate with white mulch film is compared with the cherry ternip that only uses white film-mulching cultivation with only using the fluorescent emission net, and the average weight of fruit has increased by 24% and 30% respectively.This is epoch-making result in the planting agriculture of cherry ternip.

＜embodiment 3～6, comparative example 3～6 〉

(experiment in cultivation of cherry ternip)

Consult the Science University of Tokyo campus what be positioned at Mao Ye city, Nagano county, carried out the experiment in cultivation of cherry ternip on June 3rd, 2009 to June 30 in this 28 day time.Average atmospheric temperature during this period is 23.0 ℃, and average sunshine time is 6.1 hours, and the integrating value of incident light is 105Wh/m ²

Eight the about 50cm of width, the about 120cm of length, the highly about cultivation box (being called cultivation box A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) of 50cm have been prepared in experiment in cultivation, and used fluorescent emission net B (mesh: about 0.5cm * 0.5cm as Agricultural Materials, voidage: about 40%, also be called fluorescence net B), fluorescent emission sheet S (also being called flourescent sheet S) and with the identical light reflective sheet material (also being called white mulch film) of material that in embodiment 1, uses.

And, as the material on the soil surface that is bedded in cultivation box A, B, C, D and the E, each that prepared at white mulch film or flourescent sheet S 12 sentences that the hole of the 3cm size of about 3cm * has approximately been opened at about equally interval and the material (as shown in table 2) that obtains.On the soil surface in each cultivation box bedding after each material, in each hole, planted cherry ternip seed (U.S. produces, Cruciferae Rhaphanus, germination rate is more than 85%).

Then, for sowing seed-bearing cultivation box A, B, C and D, similarly to Example 1, after having fixed the aluminum supporter, cover ( embodiment 3,4,5,6) with the material shown in the table 2.

On cultivation box E, do not use and cover material (comparative example 3).

And, on cultivation box F, G, do not use the material that is bedded on the soil surface, after above-mentioned seed has been sowed in place, 12 place, fixed the aluminum supporter, cover (comparative example 4,5) with the material shown in the table 2 then.And, on cultivation box H, neither use bedding material also not use and cover material, sowed above-mentioned seed (comparative example 6) at 12 places.In cultivation box F, G and H, on the surface of soil, there is not bedding material, and to have sowed above-mentioned seed with the same interval of the cultivation box that is stamped material on the surperficial upper berth of soil.

Cherry ternip to results has been measured the gross weight that comprises fruit and leaf, and bigger preceding ten of weight have been calculated mean value.And, for these preceding ten cherry ternips, after the pol of having measured fruit, calculated the mean value of pol, and observed the deviation (for these preceding ten cherry ternips, the ratio of the minimum pol of fruit and maximum pol and minimum pol and maximum pol) of pol.

Pol (refractive power pol (Ref-Brix)) utilizes the Abbe refractometer method to measure.

Its result is as shown in table 2.In table 2, above-mentioned material has been used in " zero " expression, and this material is not used in " * " expression.

Table 2

Embodiment 3 has made up the experiment in cultivation that white mulch film and fluorescence net B carry out, with the result's (comparative example 4) who only carries out with fluorescence net B relatively, gross weight has increased by 22%, shown with embodiment 1 in the tendency that comes to the same thing.And, in embodiment 3, reached 29% with respect to the result's's (comparative example 3) who only carries out with white mulch film increasing rate, and then can know, utilize the combination of white mulch film and fluorescence net and obtained the extremely high effect that multiplies each other.

Embodiment 4 has made up the experiment in cultivation that white mulch film and flourescent sheet S carry out, with the result's (comparative example 5) who only carries out with flourescent sheet S more as can be known, gross weight has increased by 18%, and, compare with the result's (comparative example 3) who only carries out with white mulch film, gross weight has also increased by 27%, utilizes the combination of white mulch film and flourescent sheet S and has obtained the effect that multiplies each other.

And, embodiment 5 has made up the experiment in cultivation that fluorescence net B and flourescent sheet S carry out, with the result who uses fluorescence net B or flourescent sheet S to carry out respectively separately (comparative example 4, comparative example 5) more as can be known, gross weight has increased by 25% with respect to the former, increased by 22% with respect to the latter, and, about pol, increased more than 30% with respect to comparative example 3 or comparative example 6, utilized the combination of fluorescence net B and flourescent sheet S and obtained the effect that multiplies each other.

And embodiment 6 is bedded in flourescent sheet S on the cultivation box, and covers crops and the experiment in cultivation carried out with flourescent sheet S, and the test of carrying out with only covering crops with flourescent sheet S (comparative example 5) is compared as can be known, and gross weight has increased by 27%.

Above-mentioned result has shown as drawing a conclusion: if adopt cultivation method of the present invention, then during same cultivation in, can obtain the big crop of fruit weight, simultaneously because this plant growth is very fast, thereby can early harvest.

And, by the pol data of table 2 as can be known, the comparative example 3 that embodiments of the invention 3 to embodiment 6 carry out with only using white mulch film to be bedded in cultivation box and on cultivation box no any bedding and the comparative example 4 that only uses fluorescence net B to cover crops is compared, all obtained pol and improved cherry ternip more than 50%.

And, the deviation of observing pol as can be known, comparative example 3 (only using white mulch film to be bedded on the cultivation box) is extremely poor, and if adopt cultivation method of the present invention, it is less then to have obtained deviation, and the high cherry ternip of quality.

＜embodiment 7, comparative example 7 〉

(the outdoor cropping test (1) of spinach)

The cherry ternip is replaced with spinach (Japanese Long well hybrid seed), use fluorescent emission net B (mesh: about 2.0cm * about 2.0cm, voidage: about 86%).In addition, same with embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, carried out the experiment in cultivation of embodiment 7 and comparative example 7.Wherein, in the outdoor cropping test (1) of this spinach, only use the test of a fluorescent emission net, and do not use three test.

Milpa is a Nagano county dustpan wheel raised path between farm fields (street), and the cultivation time is in 28 days to 2007 May in 2007 this 25 day time on June 21,, and mean temperature of air during this period is 23.0 ℃, and average sunshine time is 6.0 hours, and the integrating value of incident light is 154.6kWh/m ²

For preceding ten in 20 spinach of gathering in the crops the hole everywhere on being arranged on each furrow ridge, calculate and compared mass average value, its result, make up a fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film and when cultivating (embodiment 7) be 147.0g, do not use white mulch film and when only using fluorescent emission net B cultivation (comparative example 7) be 61.9g.

By this result as can be known, by combination fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film, can cultivate quality is 2.3 times the big spinach of only having used the situation of fluorescent emission net B, and with fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film, photosynthetic facilitation effect has improved significantly by also.

＜embodiment 8,9 and comparative example 8,9 〉

(the outdoor cropping test (2) of spinach)

At milpa is Nagano county dustpan wheel raised path between farm fields, cultivation time to be that in 19 days to 2007 September in 2007 this 50 day time on November 7,, during this period mean temperature of air are that 14.2 ℃, average sunshine time are that 4.8 hours, the integrating value of incident light are 118.1kWh/m ²Condition under, according to following 1)～4) condition carry out, in addition same with the outdoor cropping of spinach test (1), carried out the experiment in cultivation of spinach (Japanese Long well hybrid seed).

1) a fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film have been used.(embodiment 8)

2) three fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film have been used.(embodiment 9)

3) do not use fluorescent emission net B and only use white mulch film.(comparative example 8)

4) fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film do not use.(comparative example 9)

For each 1)～4), 20 preceding 10 the spinach of results everywhere on being arranged on each furrow ridge calculate and compared mass average value, its result is 1) 73.7g, 2) 86.4g, 3) 33.6g, 4) 27.8g.

By this result as can be known, used a fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film 1) with only use white mulch film 3) compare, can be approximately its 2.2 times in large quantities results.If the result in conjunction with outdoor cropping test (1) considers, then as can be known, and be important with fluorescent emission net B and white mulch film, if lack wherein any, harvest yield will reduce significantly.

＜embodiment 10 and comparative example 10 〉

(squeezing the juice) with tomato outdoor cropping test

Use is located at the length 25m on the field in Qian Qu city, Nagano county, the furrow ridge of width 1.8m, has carried out following 1) and 2) shown in squeeze the juice with tomato outdoor cropping test:

1) (embodiment 10) are in mid-May, 2008, overlapping successively black ground emulsion sheet (below be also referred to as " black mulch film ") and fluorescent emission sheet S and be bedded on the whole furrow ridge of cultivation usefulness having planted 50 seedlings of squeezing the juice with tomato in the hole of opening with the interval of 50cm～60cm.After seedling is grown up, 3 days July in 2008 when bearing the cyan fruit, near the central authorities of the width on furrow ridge, with the aluminum rod of the about 80cm of length as column, to erect, use this pillar and from covering whole furrow ridge with fluorescent emission net A along the about 1m of the length direction on furrow ridge mode at interval.Since results on July 28th, 2008, in August 16 and August 18, gathered in the crops three times later on.

2) (comparative example 10) do not use fluorescent emission net A and fluorescent emission sheet S, in addition, with 1) cultivation similarly, and gathering in the crops on the same day.

Remove the pars affecta and the base of a fruit of tomato, utilize high-speed liquid chromatography and Abbe refractometer method to measure respectively in this experiment in cultivation 1) and 2) in squeeze the juice the content of lycopene and the pol (refraction pol) with tomato of results, and calculated its mean value.

Its result is for for the tomato of on August 16th, 2008 results, 1) situation under, content of lycopene is 7.91mg/100g, pol is 6.1 degree, and is relative with it, 2) situation under, content of lycopene is 7.42mg/100g, pol is 5.5 degree.

And, for for the tomato of on August 18th, 2008 results, 1) situation under (embodiment 10), content of lycopene is 7.48mg/100g, and pol is 4.7 degree, and is relative with it, 2) situation under (comparative example 10), content of lycopene is 6.42mg/100g, pol be 4.5 the degree.

Learn that so just by combination fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet, content of lycopene and pol all increase, especially for content of lycopene, its effect has showed extremely significantly.

In addition, in the commodity with tomato of squeezing the juice dispatched from the factory benchmark, content of lycopene was more than the 7.00mg/100g, and pol is more than 5 degree, and the tomato that utilizes the present invention to cultivate has satisfied this benchmark fully.

＜embodiment 11 and comparative example 11 〉

(the outdoor cropping test of watermelon)

Use is located at east, Nagano county and builds the length 100m on the field of magic prefecture and field raised path between farm fields, the furrow ridge of width 2.0m, selected eight seedlings of being bred by the seed of the first ten days of a month in March, 2008 sowing, carried out as following 1) and 2) shown in the outdoor cropping of watermelon test:

1) (embodiment 11) on May 31st, 2008, and overlapping successively black mulch film and fluorescent emission sheet S and be bedded on the whole furrow ridge have opened hole, eight places, have respectively planted an above-mentioned seedling respectively.At 2008 6 the end of month when beginning as a result, covered whole furrow ridge with fluorescent emission net B in the seedling growth.Then, gather in the crops on August 8th, 2008.

2) (comparative example 11) do not use fluorescent emission sheet S and fluorescent emission net B, in addition, with 1) cultivation similarly, and gathering in the crops on the same day.

Measured the pol of eight watermelons being gathered in the crops, and calculated its mean value, its result, be used in combination fluorescent emission sheet S and fluorescent emission net B 1) situation (embodiment 11) under, pol is 13.8 degree, relative therewith, do not use shortly fluorescent emission sheet S also fluorescent emission net B 2) situation (comparative example 11) under, pol is 11.4 degree.

Learn that so just by being used in combination fluorescent emission net and fluorescent emission sheet, the pol of watermelon has increased.

＜embodiment 12 and comparative example 12 〉

(the outdoor cropping test of grape (huge peak PIONE))

17 vines on the dry land in Qian Qu city, Nagano county are planted in use, have carried out as following 1) and 2) shown in the outdoor cropping test of grape:

1) (embodiment 12) in late May, 2008 begins the result, then, the vine that has grown for fruit, long ten grape clusters on same vine have at random been selected on July 3rd, 2008, the fluorescent emission net A of processing pouch is enclosed within on each grape cluster, simultaneously at the fluorescent emission sheet S that the umbrella that has been processed into diameter about 20 is installed above each grape cluster.

2) (comparative example 12) at random selected longly with ten grape clusters on the one tree, and fluorescent emission bag shape net and fluorescent emission umbrella sheet do not use and carried out experiment in cultivation.

Be certain about maturity state and gathered in the crops on September 9th, 2008, then, for ten grape clusters, the position of portion, middle part, bottom is at random respectively plucked one from it respectively, to 1) and 2) in cultivation amount to 30 grapes respectively, measure their quality and brightness, calculated mean value.Its result is as shown in table 3:

Table 3

As shown in Table 3, test 1 involved in the present invention) (embodiment 12) and comparative test 2) (comparative example 12) compare, quality and brightness have all shown higher value, the present invention relates to 1) standard deviation value than 2) little, thereby the deviation of grape berry size is less.

As the commodity benchmark of kyoto grape, require every string to have fruit more than 36, and according to 1) (embodiment 12), although every fruit is bigger, but also will never break, and have the less fruit more than 36 of deviation, thereby be excellent as commodity value.

＜embodiment 13 and comparative example 13 〉

(the greenhouse culture test of celery)

Use is positioned at the Nagano county and consults the about 8m of east-west direction width, the about 60m of North and South direction length on the field in former village, prefecture, the greenhouse of height 3m, has carried out the greenhouse culture test of celery.

Fluorescent emission sheet S (being called greenhouse A) has laid in roof portion and wall portion at the about 20m in the length direction north side in this greenhouse, and white transparent greenhouse has been laid with piece of vinyl (being called greenhouse B) by the roof portion of remaining about 40m in southern side and wall portion.

In each greenhouse A and greenhouse B, vacate the furrow ridge that six about 18m have been prepared at the interval of 40cm.

As experiment in cultivation, with the interval of about 45cm, in each greenhouse, excavated the hole of the diameter 3cm at 40 places, in each hole, planted seedling (consult in JA Xinzhou and to grow seedlings, highly approximately the seedling of 15cm).The experiment in cultivation that to carry out in greenhouse A is as the experiment in cultivation of embodiment 13, and the experiment in cultivation that will carry out in greenhouse B is as the experiment in cultivation of comparative example 13.

Experiment in cultivation is the 45 day time of on April 26 to July 9th, 2009, and mean temperature of air during this period is 22.2 ℃, and average sunshine time is 6.15 hours.

From the celery of among greenhouse A, greenhouse B, gathering in the crops, respectively select 20 randomly, then six projects such as weight have been measured, calculated mean value.Its result is as shown in table 4:

Table 4

According to table 4, the celery of results is compared with the celery of (comparative example 13) among the greenhouse B in greenhouse A (embodiment 13), and the numerical value of six projects has all surpassed.This can think that the fluorescence that sends from a plurality of directions of roof portion and two side portion causes owing to crops in greenhouse A have received.

＜embodiment 14 and comparative example 14 〉

(the greenhouse culture test of spinach)

Use is positioned at the Nagano county and consults the about 8m of east-west direction width, the about 34m of North and South direction length on the field in former village, prefecture, two greenhouses of height 3.0m, has carried out the greenhouse culture test of spinach.

One of them greenhouse C lays fluorescent emission sheet S as outer wall materials (embodiment 14) in roof portion and wall portion, and another greenhouse D has used existing plastic tunnel (comparative example 14).

On the field of two greenhouses (greenhouse C and greenhouse D), the furrow ridge that the interval of 40cm is set and has prepared four the about 7m of east-west direction, the about 30m of North and South direction, with the interval mechanical planting of about 12cm summer sowing with spinach seed (Japanese slope field seeds company produces, kind Brighton).

The cultivation time is in 1 day to 2009 July in 2009 this three fortnights time on August 3,, and mean temperature of air during this period is 22.0 ℃, and average sunshine time is 6.0 hours.

From the spinach of among greenhouse C and greenhouse D, gathering in the crops, respectively select 15 randomly, then four projects such as weight have been measured, calculated mean value.Its result is as shown in table 5:

Table 5

According to table 5, the spinach of results is compared with the spinach of (comparative example 14) among the greenhouse D in greenhouse C (embodiment 14), and the numerical value of four projects has all surpassed.Similarly to Example 13, this can think that the fluorescence that sends from a plurality of directions of roof portion and two side portion causes owing to crops in greenhouse C have received.

And, also entrust public verification mechanism to carry out constituent analysis to the spinach that is used to measure.Public verification mechanism checks respectively spinach 230g, the spinach 240g of greenhouse D that washes back greenhouse C, has analyzed the composition that is contained.Its result (data are the numerical value of conversion for average every 100g spinach) as shown in table 6:

Table 6

(annotating 1) nitrogen protein conversion coefficient: 6.25

(annotating 2) 100-(moisture+protein+lipid+ash content+nitrate ion)

Here, under the situation that is greenhouse C (embodiment 14), nitrate ion is 0.3g/100g; Under the situation that is greenhouse D (comparative example 14), nitrate ion is 0.5g/100g.

As shown in Table 6, the spinach of gathering in the crops in greenhouse C is compared with the spinach among the greenhouse D, and all compositions have all surpassed.

＜embodiment 15 and comparative example 15 〉

(the greenhouse culture test of Lisianthus)

Consult on the field in former village, prefecture being positioned at the Nagano county, used the dome greenhouse of the about 6m of east-west direction, the about 33m of North and South direction, height 3m, carried out the greenhouse culture test of Lisianthus.

At first, covered this whole greenhouse with white translucent greenhouse with piece of vinyl.

Then, prepared the roughly rectangular fluorescent emission net A of about 10m * about 8.5m, on the about three/part in southern side, greenhouse, with the substantial middle position of the below of the about 80cm of distance ceiling and east-west direction as the summit, with the about 6m of the east-west direction in greenhouse as the base, form roughly isosceles triangle, so that becoming the mode of the length part of North and South direction, the limit portion of the roughly 10m of this net A carried out being provided with (here, in the greenhouse that is used for experiment in cultivation, the part that is provided with this fluorescent emission net A is called greenhouse E, and the part beyond it is called greenhouse F).

The furrow ridge that the interval of about 40cm is set in the greenhouse and has made four the about 1m of east-west direction, the about 30m of North and South direction, excavated the hole of about 3cm * about 3cm size afterwards with the interval of about 12cm, field planting the seedling of Lisianthus, highly about 1cm (Japanese slope field seeds company produces, and has carried out about 60 days growing seedlings).

The cultivation time is on September 20,10 days to 2009 May in 2009.The experiment in cultivation that to carry out in greenhouse E is as the experiment in cultivation of embodiment 15, and the experiment in cultivation that will carry out in greenhouse F is as the experiment in cultivation of comparative example 15.

Its result in greenhouse E (embodiment 15), begins growth fast, and has measured height before dispatching from the factory about ten days, can gather in the crops than the on average long approximately 10cm of Lisianthus of cultivation in greenhouse F (comparative example 15), the Lisianthus that commodity value is higher.

This can think that fluorescence is arranged on the seedling from the both direction of two hypotenuse portion, thereby has promoted growth because fluorescent emission net A is provided with for isosceles triangle.

＜reference example 1 〉

(the ultraviolet attenuating test of fluorescent emission net)

Observed as follows and be used for the ultraviolet attenuating that fluorescent emission material of the present invention is had.

In incubator, be provided with two of 13 of the daylight fluorescent lamps of 15 of daylight fluorescent lamps, (2) 40W of (1) 40W and black light lamps as light source, sowed cherry ternip seed respectively, overlappingly then covered two fluorescent emission nets.

After the results, select to comprise the first six that the gross weight of fruit and leaf is bigger, calculated its mean value, and, measured pol, calculated mean value.

Its result is as shown in table 7

Table 7

	Black light lamp is arranged	No black light lamp
			Average weight (g)	18	22.5
Pol (%)	2.0	2.8

As shown in Table 7, the situation of (1) is with respect to having used (2) situation that contains ultraviolet black light lamp, and gross weight and pol have all shown higher result, and then has shown that not containing ultraviolet light is effective to the growths of crops.

Symbol description

1 fluorescent emission net, 2 light reflective sheets

3 fluorescent emission sheets, 4 crops

Claims (16)

1. crop cultivation methods, its use separately in fluorescent emission net and the fluorescent emission sheet any or make up both or be used in combination light reflective material and fluorescent emission net and/or fluorescent emission sheet as the arviculture material, described crop cultivation methods is characterised in that, described arviculture is arranged to material can shine crops owing to receive light from a plurality of directions from described fluorescent emission net or fluorescent emission sheet emitted fluorescence, and then promotes light compositing.

2. crop cultivation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the light reflective sheet is used as described light reflective material, wanting the described light reflective sheet of bedding on the field of crop culture, and described fluorescent emission net or described fluorescent emission sheet are set in the mode that covers these crops, emitted fluorescence is with when the light direct irradiation that is seen through is to crops making this fluorescent emission net or this fluorescent emission sheet receive light, makes described light reflective sheet reflect described fluorescence and the described light that sees through and exposes on the crops.

3. crop cultivation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, wanting described fluorescent emission net of bedding (1) or described fluorescent emission sheet (1) on the field of crop culture, and described fluorescent emission net (2) or described fluorescent emission sheet (2) are set in the mode that covers these crops, emitted fluorescence is with when the light direct irradiation that sees through is to crops making described fluorescent emission net (2) or described fluorescent emission sheet (2) receive light, makes that emitted fluorescence exposes on the crops because described fluorescent emission net (1) or described fluorescent emission sheet (1) are penetrated in the illumination that is seen through.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described crop cultivation methods, it is characterized in that, cover described fluorescent emission net or the described fluorescent emission sheet of crops with the dome type support body supports.

5. crop cultivation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, use forms described fluorescent emission net or described fluorescent emission sheet as raw material satchel, this satchel is enclosed within on the fruit or fruit of growing, thereby makes fruit or fruit from receiving fluorescence on every side.

6. crop cultivation methods according to claim 5 is characterized in that, uses the umbrella that described fluorescent emission sheet is constituted as raw material, and described umbrella is installed above fruit that is with described satchel or fruit.

7. crop cultivation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, use roof portion and/or wall portion by the greenhouse that described fluorescent emission net and/or described fluorescent emission sheet form, described fluorescent emission net and/or described fluorescent emission sheet institute emitted fluorescence are exposed on the crops.

8. crop cultivation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the greenhouse that uses roof portion and/or wall portion to form by piece of vinyl, be arranged to cover crops in the field of cultivation in the greenhouse, thereby described fluorescent emission net or described fluorescent emission sheet institute emitted fluorescence are exposed on the crops with described fluorescent emission net or described fluorescent emission sheet.

9. according to each described crop cultivation methods in the claim 5 to 8, it is characterized in that, the described fluorescent emission net of bedding, described fluorescent emission sheet and/or described light reflective material on the field of crop culture.

10. according to each described crop cultivation methods in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described fluorescent emission net and described fluorescent emission sheet are 5.5%～12.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 280nm～320nm (UV-B), are 17.5%～28.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 250nm～280nm (UV-C).

11. according to each described crop cultivation methods in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that described fluorescent emission net and described fluorescent emission sheet are the materials that absorbs the fluorescence of the light of wave-length coverage of 250nm～650nm and emission 450nm～700nm wave-length coverage.

12., it is characterized in that the light transmission rate of described fluorescent emission sheet is 80%～95% according to each described crop cultivation methods in the claim 1 to 11.

13., it is characterized in that the light reflectivity of described light reflective material is more than 95% according to each described crop cultivation methods in the claim 2 to 12.

14. a fluorescent emission material is characterized in that, is 5.5%～12.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 280nm～320nm (UV-B), is 17.5%～28.0% in the attenuation rate of the wave-length coverage of 250nm～280nm (UV-C).

15. the agricultural material of bag shape or a umbrella that forms as raw material with the described material of claim 14.

16. an arviculture greenhouse is characterized in that, roof portion and/or wall portion are formed by the described material of claim 14.

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