JPH08140499A - Culturing method of tea - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the harvesting amount and quality of tea leaves by cover ing with a material containing an ultraviolet absorber and fluorescer having a maximum emission wavelength in a prescribed range and efficiently culturing tea. CONSTITUTION: Cultivation of tea is performed by covering with a material such as a film, boards, a net, woven cloth or nonwoven cloth containing preferably 0.1-2.0% ultraviolet absorber such as ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate and/or preferably 0.05-0.5% fluorescer such as perylene-based having a maximum emission wavelength of 540-70nm.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating tea.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is known that the quality of tea is improved by shading, and in the past, the method of directly covering the tea garden with como, straw, etc. has been commonly used recently with ginseng, nets and woven cloth. . As a form, stand up and put a string,
There are two methods, one is a Tanagare method that spreads over it and the other is a direct method that covers the tea garden directly. It is said that the reason for the quality improvement is that the high nitrogen content and the low tannin content are kept and the flavor is increased by shading.

On the other hand, in order to introduce the technology for effectively utilizing light quality into light-shielding cultivation, colorless, yellow (purple blue light removal), red (blue green light removal), purple (green yellow light removal), blue (orange red light removal) ) And other selective transmission films were made to try to improve the growth and quality of tea. “Comprehensive research on technological utilization of light quality in facility agriculture (1976)” (Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Council Secretariat, research results No86). And
As a result of the test, it was confirmed that the growth of the sprouts was good and the leaf area was large in the yellow (purple blue light removed) plots, and the total nitrogen content and amino acid content, which are indicators of tea quality, were higher than in the other plots. ing. Based on this, it has been found that the quality is improved as a result of light-shielding cultivation with a yellow tape or a net, and it has been put to practical use.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a new method for cultivating tea which improves yield and quality by controlling ultraviolet rays or visible rays.

[0005]

The present invention provides (1) a method of cultivating tea, which is coated with a material containing an ultraviolet absorber and / or a fluorescent dye having an emission maximum of 540 to 700 nm, (2)
UV absorber and / or emission maximum wavelength is 540-700
A method for cultivating tea, characterized in that the yield of tea leaves is increased by coating with a material containing a fluorescent dye having a wavelength of nm, and (3) an ultraviolet absorber and / or a maximum emission wavelength is 540 to 700 nm. It is a tea cultivation method characterized by improving the quality of tea leaves by coating with a material containing a fluorescent dye.

Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include cyanoacrylate derivatives such as ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethyl-5'-t. −
Butyl-2'-ethoxy-N, N'-diphenyloxalamide, 2-ethyl-2'-ethoxy-N, N'-diphenyloxalamide, 4-dodecyl-2'-ethoxy-
Oxamide derivative such as N, N'-diphenyloxalamide, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t
-Butylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole,
2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-t-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
3'-t-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5 '
-Methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-
Hydroxy-5'-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t
-Butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-
Hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
3 ', 5'-di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-4'-octoxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
3 '-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl) -5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole,
Benzotriazole derivatives such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-dinonylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2
-Hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone,
2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2
Benzophenone derivatives such as -hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone, phenyl salicylate,
Examples thereof include salicylic acid ester derivatives such as 4-t-butylphenyl salicylate, 4-n-octylphenyl salicylate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, and homomesityl salicylate. The maximum emission is 540-70
The fluorescent dye at 0 nm is, for example, Lumogen F Red3
Berylene series such as 00, Luminol Red, Viole
Anthraquinone series such as t 635P, Theoindigo B
light Pink G, thioindico Scarie
thioindigo such as t R, Luminol Bright
Orange 575PT,

[0007]

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Naphthalic acid-based compounds such as Rhodamine, Acridine Red and other xanthene-based compounds,

[0009]

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Coumarin series such as

[0011]

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Naphtholine series such as WO93 / 096
64, the formula described in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-342746

[0013]

[Chemical 4]

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , and R ⁴ are the same or different and each represents hydrogen, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. An alkynyl group which may have R ¹ and R ² or / and R ³ and R
⁴ together, -CH ₂ -Z-CH ₂ - be :( Z forms are shown) an aromatic hydrocarbon which may have also alkylene or a substituent having a substituent Good, more R
¹ and R ² or / and R ³ and R ⁴ together are ═C
HNr ¹ r ² (r ¹ and r ² are the same or different and represent an alkyl group) or = Sr ³ r ⁴ (r ³ and r ⁴ are the same or different and represent an alkyl group and an aryl group) May be formed. Provided that R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , and R ⁴ are all hydrogen atoms and compounds that are all alkynyl groups which may have a substituent.], A cyanopyrazine derivative represented by WO 93/096664, Formula

[0015]

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[Wherein R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , and R ⁸ are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent Represents an alkynyl group or an aryl group which may have a substituent,
R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a mono- or dialkylamino group, or an alkylthio group, and R ¹¹ represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent or a substituent. And an alkynyl group which may have a substituent. ] The benzopteridine derivative etc. which are represented by these are mentioned. Also, Japanese Patent Application No. 6
Fluorescent dyes may be polymerized as described in 249914. Further, the material used in the present invention is WO
93/09664 and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-342746, a material containing a fluorescent dye having an emission maximum of 540 to 700 nm and a fluorescent dye having an emission maximum of 380 to 520 nm may be used.

In the present invention, the material is, for example, a film, a plate, a net, a woven cloth, a non-woven cloth, etc., and those materials are, for example, (soft, semi-rigid, hard) PVC; polyethylene; polypropylene; polyvinyl alcohol; poly. Methyl acrylate; polymethyl methacrylate; polyvinylidene chloride; polyacrylonitrile; polybutadiene; polystyrene; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;
Basic vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer; polyester such as PET and PBT; polyarylate; polycarbonate;
Polyester carbonate; nylon 6, nylon 6 /
Polyamides such as 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, MXD6 nylon; polydimethylsiloxane; polytrimethylsilylpropylene; polyurethane; ionomers; cellophane; polyethylene cellophane; cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate; ethyl cellulose; synthetic resins such as nitrocellulose; Examples include natural fibers such as cellulose.

For example, in the case of a film, the manufacturing method is not particularly limited, and extrusion molding (single layer or laminated), inflation molding (single layer) depending on the solvent characteristics of the resin, solvent solubility, thermal characteristics of the fluorescent dye, etc. Alternatively, the varnish in which the resin is dissolved may be impregnated or coated on a woven cloth, a non-woven cloth, paper, a resin base film, or the like. Woven cloth, non-woven cloth, and net may be dyed. The thickness of the film containing the ultraviolet absorber and the fluorescent dye is 10 to 300 μm, preferably 30 to 150 μm for both the molded film and the coating layer. In addition, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-
Fluorescent dyes may be included in the polymer beads, as in 73350, and the beads may be included in the film.

The mixing ratio of the ultraviolet absorber to the material is 0.
It is from 01 to 5.0%, preferably from 0.1 to 2.0%.
If it is less than 0.01%, the effect of blocking ultraviolet rays is small.
If it is more than 0%, the mechanical strength of the material is lowered. The mixing ratio of the fluorescent dye to the material is 0.01 to 2.0%,
It is preferably 0.05 to 0.5%. If it is less than 0.01%, the light emitting function is not sufficient, and if it is more than 2.0%, the light absorption ratio is large and the effect of concentration quenching, which is a characteristic of the fluorescent compound, is exhibited and the light emitting efficiency is reduced.

When a UV absorber is added, the fluorescent dye is stabilized. Further, in order to satisfy other conditions as a material for cultivation, the kind and amount of antioxidants, single oxygen quenchers, hindered amine light stabilizers, other stabilizers, lubricants, and anti-fog that do not impair the object of the present invention. Additives such as agents, drip agents, and other fluorescent dyes may be added. When the material is a film, the synthetic resin film in which the ultraviolet absorber and / or the fluorescent dye is dissolved varies depending on the refractive index of the synthetic resin, but 60 to 80% of the emitted light is totally reflected at the interface with air,
It is transmitted in the film. In many cases, the trapped light has an absorption spectrum that overlaps with an emission spectrum, so that part of the light is repeatedly absorbed and emitted again. At this time, light emission is performed by a quantity obtained by multiplying a certain conversion efficiency, so that the energy loss becomes a size that cannot be ignored. In order to avoid such energy loss and to allow the emitted light to be effectively emitted from the inner surface of the film, it is preferable to carry out a roughening process in which the inner surface of the film is provided with regular or irregular irregularities. The roughening can be performed by a commonly used method such as wire brush, sand blasting or embossing.

In the present invention, the material is used as a direct garment, a canopy, or a rain shelter using the material only on the upper part.
Further, the fluorescent dye may be unevenly distributed in a part of the material as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. The tea can be coated at any time, but it is preferable to coat the tea 20 to 60 days before harvesting and just before harvesting.

[0022]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. In the examples, "part" represents part by weight. The fluorescence spectrum was measured using Fluorescence Spectrophotometer Model 850 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. Reference Example 1 (Production of Ultraviolet Absorbing Film) A soft vinyl chloride film having a perforation embossing with a thickness of 0.1 mm was calendered at the following compounding ratio.

Mixing ratio PVC SUNAR SA1000D ¹⁾ 100 parts DOP ²⁾ 45 TCP (tricresyl phosphate) ³⁾ 5 DPDP (diphenylisodecyl phosphite) ⁴⁾ 0.5 epoxy monomer DER33 / J ⁵⁾ 1 Epoxidized soybean oil Daimac S-300K ⁶⁾ 1 Barium stearate ⁷⁾ 0.5 Zinc stearate ⁷⁾ 1 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate ⁸⁾ 1 Megafax F-120 ⁹⁾ 0.1 Ubinal N-539 ^{10 )} 3 ───────── 158.1 Note) 1) Sun Arrow Chemical Co., Ltd. 2) Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. 3) Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 4) Sanko Chemical Co., Ltd. 5) Dow Chemical Japan Co., Ltd. 6) Daikin Chemical Co., Ltd. 7) Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd. 8) Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. 9) Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd. 10) BASF Yapan (Ltd.)

Reference Example 2 (Production of Red Fluorescent Film) In addition to the compound of Reference Example 1, a cyanopyrazine derivative (dye I) of the following formula described in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-342746 was added to PVC 1.
0.33 parts to 00 parts and 0.05 parts of Mica White ATN drug substance (Dye II, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) were added and calender molding was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1.

[0025]

[Chemical 6]

The excitation and emission spectra of the film of Reference Example 2 are shown in FIG. Example 1 Using a reference example 1 (ultraviolet ray absorbing film: S section), a reference example 2 (red fluorescent film: K section) and a tough bell (yellow woven fabric manufactured by Kanebo KK: T section), a tea tanage coating cultivation test was performed. I did.

Prototype Tea (Yabukita) Tanagake March 14, 1994 Cultivated in the usual way and using adjacent 4 rows of tea (about 10 m long), a film of 2 m width (red fluorescent film and UV absorption) The film) is covered with Tana and both hem are 40 cm from the ground
It opened at about the height. The tough bells were coated with normal tanning, and the test was performed in one row in one test section. Harvesting May 2, 1994 Scissors were cut at a length of 7 m for each test section (row), and immediately after that, tea leaves were packed in a plastic bag to prevent transpiration during harvesting. Investigation After measuring the fresh weight of the tea leaves packed in plastic bags for each ward, 50 g from each plastic bag was sampled three times and divided into complete-shaped shoots and residues, and the number of shoots was examined. Was measured. The results of the investigation are shown in [Table 1].

[0028]

[Table 1]

The complete bud weight ratio in 50 g is S. There was no difference in the T and uncovered sections, but it was higher in the K section. This is because the growth of buds became uniform, and it is shown that the coating of the red fluorescent film (light quality conversion film) improves the quality of tea leaves cut with scissors. On the other hand, since the residue is a cut edge of the leaf, etc., the one with a smaller residue weight is a high-quality tea leaf. As for the average sprout weight, the order of K>S>T> non-coated section was the same as the result of the total sprout number.

[0030]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the cultivation method of the present invention can improve the yield and quality of tea, the usefulness of this cultivation method as an agricultural improvement technique is extremely great.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an excitation and emission spectrum of a red film manufactured in Reference Example 2.

[Explanation of symbols]

(C) Excitation spectrum of the dye [II] at 420 nm emission. (D) Emission spectrum of dye [II] upon excitation at 380 nm. (X) Emission peak of the dye [II] itself. (Y) Peak emitted as a result of energy transfer of excitation energy of dye [II] to dye [I]. (E) Excitation spectrum of dye [I] for 598 nm emission. (F) Emission spectrum of dye [I] excited by 506 nm.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating tea, which comprises coating with a material containing an ultraviolet absorber and / or a fluorescent dye having a maximum emission wavelength of 540 to 700 nm. 2. A method of cultivating tea, which comprises increasing the yield of tea leaves by coating with a material containing an ultraviolet absorber and / or a fluorescent dye having a maximum emission wavelength of 540 to 700 nm. 3. A method for cultivating tea, which comprises improving the quality of tea leaves by coating with a material containing an ultraviolet absorber and / or a fluorescent dye having a maximum emission wavelength of 540 to 700 nm.