CN102124249A - 飞轮组件 - Google Patents

飞轮组件 Download PDF

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CN102124249A
CN102124249A CN2009801324310A CN200980132431A CN102124249A CN 102124249 A CN102124249 A CN 102124249A CN 2009801324310 A CN2009801324310 A CN 2009801324310A CN 200980132431 A CN200980132431 A CN 200980132431A CN 102124249 A CN102124249 A CN 102124249A
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flywheel
endosome
assembly
stator
joint part
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CN102124249B (zh
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I·D·福利
C·塔兰特
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GKN Hybrid Power Ltd
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Williams Hybrid Power Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/04—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow radial displacement, e.g. Oldham couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/14—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions combined with a friction coupling for damping vibration or absorbing shock
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/315—Flywheels characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/315—Flywheels characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft
    • F16F15/3153—Securing inertia members to the shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2121—Flywheel, motion smoothing-type
    • Y10T74/2132—Structural detail, e.g., fiber, held by magnet, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

一种飞轮组件，其包括外壳(5)、可旋转地安装在该外壳内并确定内圆周面和外圆周面的飞轮(20)以及从飞轮内圆周表面径向向内间隔开的内体(24)，其中该飞轮在使用中绕着并相对于该内体旋转，该组件确定了从该飞轮的外圆周表面径向向外间隔的接合表面，并且该内体与该外壳柔性联接。如果该飞轮安装件在一定速度的旋转过程中失效而导致飞轮偏移，由偏移的飞轮施加在该内体上的力造成的联接挠曲使得该飞轮与该接合表面接触。

Description

飞轮组件
本发明涉及一种飞轮组件，特别涉及用于降低高速飞轮失效过程中所带来的载荷。
飞轮组件的重量希望最小化。这样通常会使该组件易于运输。更特别地，在诸如车辆中的应用之类的移动应用中，重量的降低会变得特别有利。但该组件需要足够牢固以承受高速旋转的飞轮在失效过程中所产生的载荷。
本发明提供一种飞轮组件，其包括外壳、可旋转地安装在该外壳内并具有内圆周表面和外圆周表面的飞轮和从飞轮的内圆周表面径向向内间隔开的内体，其中该飞轮在使用中绕着并相对于该内体旋转，该组件限定了从该飞轮的外圆周表面径向向外间隔开的接合表面，并且该内体与该外壳柔性联接，这样如果该飞轮安装件在一定速度的旋转过程中出现失效而导致飞轮偏移，由偏移的飞轮施加在该内体上的力所导致的联接部挠曲使得该飞轮可以与该接合表面接触。
允许该飞轮与内表面和外表面接触极大地降低了飞轮失效所产生的载荷。
在一些实施例中，该飞轮可以构成马达的转子，同时该内体成为它的定子。
优选地，该内体与该外壳之间的柔性联接部包括柔性聚合材料。可选地，该柔性可以由一个或多个弹簧的布置来提供。
下面将通过实例结合如下所附示意图的方式来描述本发明的实施例：
图1是飞轮组件的解剖透视图；
图2是体现本发明的飞轮组件横向截面；
图3是基于本发明一个实施例的柔性定子安装件的横截面示意图；
图4是基于本发明另一实施例的柔性定子安装件的透视图；
图5是飞轮失效过程中反映径向力和旋进频率与时间关系的曲线图。
图1所示的飞轮组件包括转子1，其由带有磁性的复合材料构成。该转子具有内侧部分和外侧部分(分别是1a和1b)。该内侧部分包含玻璃纤维和磁性微粒，同时外侧部分包含碳丝。这两部分联结在一起。
该转子1与复合端盖2刚性地连接。该端盖安装在轴3上，该轴设置在陶瓷轴承4上。该轴承由外壳或容器5支承。该部件包括支承板5a和圆柱形滚筒5b。
该转子的内侧部分1a构成了马达的永磁元件。该马达还包括通过定子支架7安装在外壳上的定子6。该定子提供电能来驱动和制动该飞轮。该转子在真空腔8内运转，并且该定子是由通过由定子壳10形成的腔9进行循环的油进行油冷却。
该飞轮具有两个主要的失效模式。其中一个是“爆破失效(burst failure)”，该转子的复合外侧部分失效。另一个是“转子无损伤失效(intact rotor failure)”，该转子的复合外侧部分保持完好，但是要么轴承4失效，要么复合端盖2失效。在后一种情况中，该转子不受轴3的限制而高速旋转。所产生的传递到飞轮支架上的振动载荷是相当大的。本发明正是寻求来大大降低这些载荷。
图1所示的飞轮组件中，定子支架7是刚性安装在外壳上的刚性结构。在具体体现本发明的飞轮组件中，该定子与组件外壳柔性联结。在转子无损伤失效的过程中，该转子偏离了它相对于该外壳的正常位置，并且与内部安装的定子的外径接触。这两个部件之间的相互摩擦导致转子开始绕着定子作旋进运动。随着旋进频率的增加，由转子旋进所产生的力也在增大，导致转子内孔及定子的外壳磨损，径向间隙增大。将定子安装在合适设计的柔性支架上使得转子可以在径向上移动，从而使转子的外径接触外壳的内部。
转子和外壳之间产生的摩擦在与由与定子相接触造成的运动相反的方向上产生了旋进运动，从而抑制旋进频率的增大。这样会降低失效过程所产生的径向力。
所产生的力的大小是由柔性支架的刚度、转子外径与外壳内孔的初始间隙、和定子外径与转子内孔的初始间隙决定的。支架的刚度越低，旋进频率越低，从而产生的力越小。应当合理选择刚度以使定子支架的固有频率不会影响飞轮能量存储系统正常运行。为了实现这一目的，适合的径向阻尼可以加入到支架的设计中。
图2示出了飞轮组件的横截面，在该组件中转子无损伤失效已经发生。在转子20逆时针旋转过程中，产生转子与定子24之间的触点22的逆时针旋进，以及转子与环绕的外壳30之间的触点26的顺时针旋进28。
图3示出了使用模制聚合物支架的柔性定子支架32的示例。
定子24位于圆柱形支承体34上。该支承体34通过橡胶安装件38与刚性毂36联接。
该安装件38可以在PDMS(或者另一种可以与例如硅油的用于冷却定子的油相共存的柔性材料)中铸造，并且该安装件与毂36的外圆周表面和支承体34的内圆周表面相联结。
在一个实施例中，橡胶安装件在径向上10mm厚，在纵向上20mm宽。这样的布置可以产生在5mm径向移动下的2500N/mm的径向刚度。
孔40设置在毂36的一个端部处的法兰42上，用于将毂固定在飞轮外壳的支承板上。
该支承板其轮廓可以接合毂的内径44来辅助其定位和保持在支承板上。保持凸缘46通过平头螺钉固定在毂的外圆周表面上，位于毂的与法兰42相对的端部。
图4描述了使用纯钢结构的可选柔性定子支架50，其中弯曲的板簧元件52构成了柔性安装件。内侧圆柱形毂元件56刚性安装到飞轮外壳上。定子(未示出)设置在支承元件54的外圆周表面上。该弹性元件52在毂和支承元件之间延伸。
图5是显示本发明所实施的飞轮组件在转子无损伤失效中的特性的曲线图。从中可以看出，与转子失效相关的瞬间径向力增大迅速降低，相关的旋进频率同样如此。
可以明显得出，虽然上面描述的本发明实施例包括马达转子和定子，但是所述方法还可以应用到安装在外部的具有驱动飞轮的轴的驱动系统(机械的或者电气的)的飞轮中。在这样的情况下，定子可以被一刚性元件所取代，该刚性元件会以类似的方式对失效载荷起作用。

Claims (6)

1.一种飞轮组件，其包括外壳、可旋转地安装在所述外壳内并限定内圆周表面和外圆周表面的飞轮、以及从飞轮的内圆周表面径向向内间隔开的内体，其中所述飞轮在使用中绕着并相对于所述内体旋转，所述组件限定了从所述飞轮的外圆周表面径向向外间隔开的接合表面，并且所述内体与所述外壳柔性联接，这样如果所述飞轮安装件在一定速度下的旋转过程中失效而导致飞轮偏移，则由偏移的飞轮施加在所述内体上的力造成的联接部挠曲使得所述飞轮能与所述接合表面接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述飞轮提供马达的转子，同时所述内体提供所述马达的定子。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组件，其中所述柔性联接部从所述定子径向向内延伸。
4.根据上述权利要求任一所述的组件，其中所述柔性联接部包括柔性聚合材料。
5.根据权利要求1至3所述的组件，其中所述柔性联接部包括一个或多个弹簧的布置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的组件，其中所述内体和所述外壳之间的柔性联接部包括一个或多个弯曲的板簧的布置。
CN2009801324310A 2008-08-18 2009-08-13 飞轮组件 Active CN102124249B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0815067A GB2462671B (en) 2008-08-18 2008-08-18 Flywheel assembly with flexible coupling to enhance safety during flywheel failure
GB0815067.4 2008-08-18
PCT/GB2009/051020 WO2010020806A1 (en) 2008-08-18 2009-08-13 Flywheel assembly

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CN102124249A true CN102124249A (zh) 2011-07-13
CN102124249B CN102124249B (zh) 2013-03-06

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US (1) US10069377B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2313667B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5490121B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102124249B (zh)
DK (1) DK2313667T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2422932T3 (zh)
GB (1) GB2462671B (zh)
PL (1) PL2313667T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2313667E (zh)
WO (1) WO2010020806A1 (zh)

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CN104067024A (zh) * 2012-03-15 2014-09-24 罗特能源控股公司 具有安全结构的机电飞轮
CN108506653A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-09-07 常州卡斯特铝精密铸造科技有限公司 飞轮壳

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GB2504217B (en) * 2013-07-19 2016-09-14 Gkn Hybrid Power Ltd Flywheels for energy storage and methods of manufacture thereof
GB2504218B (en) 2013-07-19 2016-09-14 Gkn Hybrid Power Ltd Flywheels for energy storage and methods of manufacture thereof
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CN104067024A (zh) * 2012-03-15 2014-09-24 罗特能源控股公司 具有安全结构的机电飞轮
CN104067024B (zh) * 2012-03-15 2016-01-13 罗特尼克香港有限公司 具有安全结构的机电飞轮
CN108506653A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-09-07 常州卡斯特铝精密铸造科技有限公司 飞轮壳

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US20110214528A1 (en) 2011-09-08
EP2313667A1 (en) 2011-04-27
EP2313667B1 (en) 2013-03-06
ES2422932T3 (es) 2013-09-16
JP5490121B2 (ja) 2014-05-14
WO2010020806A1 (en) 2010-02-25
PT2313667E (pt) 2013-06-03
US10069377B2 (en) 2018-09-04
DK2313667T3 (da) 2013-06-03
PL2313667T3 (pl) 2013-08-30

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