CN102105520B - 用水基液体染料将聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯着色的方法和水基液体染料 - Google Patents
用水基液体染料将聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯着色的方法和水基液体染料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102105520B CN102105520B CN200980128643.1A CN200980128643A CN102105520B CN 102105520 B CN102105520 B CN 102105520B CN 200980128643 A CN200980128643 A CN 200980128643A CN 102105520 B CN102105520 B CN 102105520B
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于将热塑性塑料着色的含水着色剂制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用含水着色剂制剂将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色的方法,使用的塑料模塑材料例如为聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯模塑材料。本发明进一步涉及水基着色剂制剂。
背景技术
US专利3,956,008描述了用于将塑料制品着色的液体分散体,其由尺寸为2-50μm的无机粒子和由山梨醇酯组成的表面活性体系组成。没有描述含水体系。
US专利3,992,343(Degussa)描述了由有机或无机颜料粒子、水和分散剂组成的含水分散体系,其中该分散剂非常特殊。
US专利4,091,034描述了蓝色水溶性的三苯基甲烷染料的染料配制剂。其以含水分散体的形式用于将纺织品着色。
US专利4,167,503描述了基于由聚氧乙烯衍生物构成的载体、PEG和另外的添加剂的液体配制剂。没有使用水作为溶剂。
US专利4,169,203描述了由非发色的聚合物骨架和与其化学键接的发色团组成的水溶性聚合物颜料。
US专利4,341,565描述了液体染料配制剂,其由固体颜料、由长链醇和长链酸的酯组成的液相,以及凝胶化助剂组成。
US专利4,871,416同样描述了有机基配方。
US专利4,634,471描述了包含有机溶剂的配方。
US专利4,804,719描述了包含聚合物的水可分散的配制剂。
US专利4,910,236描述了由水和乳化剂组成的含水乳液以及由烯烃系树脂和颜料组成的有机相构成的印刷油墨。在随后的步骤中,将水从配制剂中除去。
US专利5,043,376描述了非含水体系。
US专利5,104,913构成了US专利′376的部分申请,并且描述了制备水包油的含水染料分散体的方法。
US专利5,308,395同样描述了有机溶液。
在US专利5,328,506中将亲水着色剂和水形成糊剂,其可以用染料制备中的常规工具和机器进行进一步加工。
US专利5,759,472描述了将塑料成形的方法,其由以下步骤组成:由载体(10-75%)、水(0-15%)、分散剂(0.1-10%)和着色剂(10-80%)制备色料混合物。另外还可以存在多元醇。在进一步的方法步骤中,提供粉状状聚合物,然后使所述载体体系与聚合物粉末混合并且加工成混合物(PE)。从属权利要求涉及1-14%量的水。
US专利6,428,733描述了挥发性体系,其包含甘油和水的混合物。
US专利6,649,122描述了将热塑性塑料着色的方法,其中使用10-80%的着色剂和最大30%的分散剂,余量是作为溶剂的水。使用的分散剂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮,例如HP50(BASF)或经中和的聚丙烯酸、木质素磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐或者聚合物型羧酸的盐。优选使用非离子分散剂,例如壬基酚或辛基酚。
现有技术的解决方案的缺点是,在着色剂配制剂中或多或少集中使用有机溶剂。在塑料模塑材料中有机溶剂的使用导致聚合物中低分子量有机化合物浓度升高和由此导致聚合物性能劣化,例如维卡(Vicat)软化温度降低,或者导致由聚合物制得的制品的较高应力开裂敏感性。
市场上可获得的液体染料通常包含脂肪酸酯或白油作为粘结剂,其在着色后保留在聚合物中并且导致维卡软化温度降低。另外,在注塑中可观察到覆层形成。
发明内容
技术问题
因此,本发明的目的是提供含水着色剂制剂和将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色的方法,该制剂不具有上述现有技术的缺点并且可用作用于将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色的无问题的替代物。
使用的热塑性塑料模塑材料为例如聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯模塑材料或者聚碳酸酯模塑材料。
聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯模塑材料在下文被理解为是指由经聚合的甲基丙烯酸烷基酯,和经聚合的丙烯酸烷基酯,以及这两种单体类型的混合物组成的塑料模塑材料。
解决方案
通过根据权利要求1的使用聚丙烯酸酯乳化剂的含水着色剂制剂实现了该目的。经着色的热塑性塑料模塑材料和由其可制得的塑料成型体在随后的权利要求中保护。
本发明涉及用于将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色的含水着色剂制剂,其特征在于其包含:
●1重量%-49重量%的改性聚丙烯酸酯,
●0.5重量%-50重量%的颜料混合物,和
●0重量%-50重量%的常规助剂,和
●脱盐(VE)水,其中组分的重量份额合计100重量%。
由于使用本发明的含水着色剂制剂,因此除了热塑性塑料模塑材料的良好着色外,还可以令人惊奇和以不可预见的方式成功实现将由经着色的热塑性塑料模塑材料制得的塑料成型体的维卡软化温度保持恒定或者甚至升高。塑料成型体的其余机械性能保持未改变。
发明的实施
热塑性塑料模塑材料和其制备
聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯通常通过包含甲基丙烯酸甲酯的混合物的自由基聚合获得。一般而言,基于单体的重量,这些混合物包含至少40重量%,优选至少60重量%并且更优选至少80重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
另外,用于制备聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯的这些混合物可以包含可与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚的其它(甲基)丙烯酸酯。措词“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”包括甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯以及两者的混合物。
这些单体是公知的。它们尤其包括衍生自饱和醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯和(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯;衍生自不饱和醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如(甲基)丙烯酸油烯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-丙炔基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸烯丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙烯基酯;(甲基)丙烯酸芳基酯例如(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯或(甲基)丙烯酸苯酯,其中芳基可以各自未被取代或者至多被四取代;(甲基)丙烯酸环烷基酯例如(甲基)丙烯酸3-乙烯基环己基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸冰片酯;(甲基)丙烯酸羟烷基酯例如(甲基)丙烯酸3-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3,4-二羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯;二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯例如1,4-丁二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯,醚醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯例如(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙烯基氧基乙氧基乙基酯;(甲基)丙烯酸的酰胺和腈,例如N-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-(二乙基膦酰基)(甲基)丙烯酰胺、1-甲基丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基-2-丙醇;含硫的甲基丙烯酸酯,例如(甲基)丙烯酸乙基亚硫酰基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-氰硫基丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基磺酰基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸氰硫基甲基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲基亚硫酰基甲基酯、双((甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基)硫化物;多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯例如三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
除了上面详述的(甲基)丙烯酸酯外,待聚合的组合物还可以包含另外的可与甲基丙烯酸甲酯和上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚的不饱和单体。
这些尤其包括1-烯烃例如1-己烯、1-庚烯;支链烯烃,例如乙烯基环己烷、3,3-二甲基-1-丙烯、3-甲基-1-二异丁烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯;丙烯腈;乙烯基酯例如乙酸乙烯基酯;苯乙烯,在侧链中具有烷基取代基的取代的苯乙烯,例如α-甲基苯乙烯和α-乙基苯乙烯,在环上具有烷基取代基的取代的苯乙烯,例如乙烯基甲苯和对甲基苯乙烯,卤代苯乙烯,例如一氯苯乙烯、二氯苯乙烯、三溴苯乙烯和四溴苯乙烯;杂环乙烯基化合物例如2-乙烯基吡啶、3-乙烯基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙烯基吡啶、3-乙基-4-乙烯基吡啶、2,3-二甲基-5-乙烯基吡啶、乙烯基嘧啶、乙烯基哌啶、9-乙烯基咔唑、3-乙烯基咔唑、4-乙烯基咔唑、1-乙烯基咪唑、2-甲基-1-乙烯基咪唑、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、2-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基吡咯烷、3-乙烯基吡咯烷、N-乙烯基己内酰胺、N-乙烯基丁内酰胺、乙烯基氧杂环戊烷(oxolan)、乙烯基呋喃、乙烯基噻吩、乙烯基硫杂环戊烷(thiolan)、乙烯基噻唑和氢化乙烯基噻唑、乙烯基唑和氢化乙烯基唑;
乙烯基和异戊二烯基醚;马来酸衍生物,例如马来酸酐、甲基马来酸酐、马来酰亚胺、甲基马来酰亚胺;和二烯例如二乙烯基苯。
一般而言,基于单体的重量,这些共聚单体以0重量%-60重量%,优选0重量%-40重量%并且更优选0重量%-20重量%的量使用,其中这些化合物可单独或作为混合物形式使用。
聚合通常用已知的自由基引发剂引发。优选的引发剂尤其包括本领域中公知的偶氮引发剂,例如AI BN和1,1-偶氮双环己烷腈,和过氧化合物,例如甲乙酮过氧化物、乙酰丙酮过氧化物、过氧化二月桂基、过-2-乙基己酸叔丁酯、酮过氧化物、甲基异丁基酮过氧化物、环己酮过氧化物、过氧化二苯甲酰、过氧苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧异丙基碳酸叔丁酯、2,5-双(2-乙基己酰基过氧)-2,5-二甲基己烷、过氧-2-乙基己酸叔丁基酯、过氧-3,5,5-三甲基己酸叔丁基酯、过氧化二异丙苯、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧)环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、氢过氧化异丙苯、氢过氧化叔丁基、过氧二碳酸双(4-叔丁基环己基)酯,两种或更多种上述化合物彼此的混合物,和上述化合物与未指出的同样可以形成自由基的化合物的混合物。
基于单体的重量,这些化合物经常以0.01重量%-10重量%,优选0.5重量%-3重量%的量使用。
这里可以使用例如在分子量方面或在单体组成方面不同的不同的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
抗冲改性的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯塑料
抗冲改性的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯塑料由20-80重量%并且优选30-70重量%的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯基体,和80-20重量%并且优选70-30重量%的具有10-150nm平均粒径(例如采用超离心方法测量)的弹性体粒子组成。
分布在聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯基体内的弹性体粒子优选含有具有软的弹性体相和与其连接的硬相的核。
抗冲改性的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯塑料(szPMMA)由一定比例的由至少80重量%甲基丙烯酸甲酯单元和任选的0-20重量%可与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚的单体单元聚合的基体聚合物,和分布在基体中的一定比例的基于交联聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的抗冲改性剂组成。
基体聚合物尤其由80重量%-100重量%,优选90重量%-99.5重量%的自由基聚合的甲基丙烯酸甲酯单元,和任选的0重量%-20重量%,优选0.5重量%-10重量%的另外的可自由基聚合的共聚单体,例如(甲基)丙烯酸C1-C4-烷基酯,尤其是丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯或丙烯酸丁酯组成。基体的平均分子量Mw(重均)优选为90000g/mol-200000g/mol,尤其为100000g/mol-150000g/mol(借助于凝胶渗透色谱参照聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为校正标准确定Mw)。分子量Mw可以例如通过凝胶渗透色谱或者通过光散射方法(参见例如H.F.Mark等人,Encyclopedia of Polymer Science andEngineering(聚合物科学与工程大全),第2版,第10卷,第1页及后续页,J.Wiley,1989)进行确定。
优选由90重量%-99.5重量%甲基丙烯酸甲酯和0.5重量%-10重量%丙烯酸甲酯组成的共聚物。维卡软化温度VET(I SO 306-B50)可以在从至少90,优选从95,至112℃的范围内。
抗冲改性剂
聚甲基丙烯酸酯基体包含抗冲改性剂,其可以例如为双壳或三壳结构的抗冲改性剂。
用于聚甲基丙烯酸酯塑料的抗冲改性剂是充分公知的。抗冲改性的聚甲基丙烯酸酯模塑材料的制备和结构描述于例如EP-A 0113924、EP-A 0522351、EP-A 0465049和EP-A 0683028中。
抗冲改性剂
聚甲基丙烯酸酯基体中包含1重量%-30重量%,优选2重量%-20重量%,更优选3重量%-15重量%,尤其为5重量%-12重量%的抗冲改性剂,其是由交联聚合物粒子组成的弹性体相。抗冲改性剂以本身已知的方式通过成珠聚合或者通过乳液聚合获得。
在最简单的情形中,其是可借助于成珠聚合获得的交联粒子,该粒子具有10-150nm,优选20-100并且尤其为30-90nm的平均粒子尺寸。这些通常由至少40重量%,优选50重量%-70重量%的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,20重量%-40重量%,优选25重量%-35重量%的丙烯酸丁酯,和0.1重量%-2重量%,优选0.5重量%-1重量%的交联单体,例如多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯例如甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯,和任选的另外的单体,例如0重量%-10重量%,优选0.5重量%-5重量%的甲基丙烯酸C1-C4-烷基酯,例如丙烯酸乙酯或甲基丙烯酸丁酯,优选丙烯酸甲酯,或者其他乙烯基可聚合单体例如苯乙烯组成。
优选的抗冲改性剂是可具有双层或三层的核-壳结构并且通过乳液聚合获得的聚合物粒子。(参见例如EP-A 0 113 924、EP-A 0 522 351、EP-A 0465049和EP-A 0683028)。然而,对于本发明的目的,这些乳液聚合物的合适粒子尺寸必须为10-150nm,优选20-120nm,更优选50-100nm。
具有核和两个壳的三层或三相结构可以如下制成。最内部的(硬)壳可以例如基本由甲基丙烯酸甲酯,低比例的共聚单体例如丙烯酸乙酯,和交联剂级分,例如甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯组成。中间的(软)壳可以例如由丙烯酸丁酯和任选的苯乙烯构成,而最外部的(硬)壳通常基本对应于基体聚合物,由此产生相容性和对基体的良好连接。对于抗冲作用而言,抗冲改性剂中聚丙烯酸丁酯含量是决定性的并且优选为20重量%-40重量%,更优选25重量%-35重量%。
抗冲改性的聚甲基丙烯酸酯模塑材料
在挤出机中,可以将抗冲改性剂和基体聚合物以熔体形式混合形成抗冲改性的聚甲基丙烯酸酯模塑材料。通常首先将排出的材料切成粒料。其可以借助于挤出或注塑进一步加工得到成型体,例如板材或注塑件。
根据EP 0 528 196 A1的两相抗冲改性剂
优选地,尤其为了薄膜制备,但不限于此,使用原则上从EP 0 528196A1获知的体系,其是由以下物质构成的两相抗冲改性的聚合物:
a 1)10-95重量%玻璃化转变温度Tmg高于70℃的连续硬相,其由以下物质构成:
a11)80-100重量%(基于a1)的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,和
a12)0-20重量%一种或多种另外的烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的单体,和
a2)90-5重量%分布在硬相中的玻璃化转变温度Tmg低于-10℃的韧相,其由以下物质构成:
a21)50-99.5重量%丙烯酸C1-C10-烷基酯(基于a2),
a22)0.5-5重量%具有两个或更多个烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的基团的交联单体,和
a23)任选另外的烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的单体,
其中至少15重量%硬相a1)与韧相a2)共价键接。
如例如DE-A 3842796中所述,可以通过在水中的两阶段乳液聚合产生所述两相抗冲改性剂。在第一阶段中,产生韧相a2),其含有至少50重量%,优选多于80重量%的低级丙烯酸烷基酯,由此得到该相的玻璃化转变温度Tmg低于-10℃。使用的交联单体a22)是二醇的(甲基)丙烯酸类酯,例如乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯或1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,具有两个乙烯基或烯丙基的芳族化合物,例如二乙烯基苯,或者具有两个烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的基团的其他交联剂,例如作为接枝交联剂的甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯。具有三个或更多个不饱和的可自由基聚合的基团例如烯丙基或(甲基)丙烯酰基的交联剂的例子包括氰脲酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和三甲基丙烯酸酯,以及季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯和四甲基丙烯酸酯。对于此的另外的例子在US 4,513,118中给出。
在a23)下提及的烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的单体可以为例如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和它们的具有1-20个碳原子的烷基酯,只要还没有被提及,其中烷基可以是线性、支化或环状的。另外,a23)可以包括可与丙烯酸烷基酯a21)共聚的其它可自由基聚合的脂族共聚单体。然而,应该排除显著比例的芳族共聚单体,例如苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯或乙烯基甲苯,因为它们导致模塑材料A的不希望的性能,特别是在气候老化方面。
在第一阶段中产生韧相的情况下,必须严格注意粒子尺寸和粒子尺寸的多分散度的调节。韧相的粒子尺寸基本取决于乳化剂的浓度。有利地,可以通过使用种子胶乳控制粒子尺寸。用基于水相计为0.15-1.0重量%的乳化剂浓度实现了具有低于130nm,优选低于70nm的平均粒子尺寸(重均)并且具有低于0.5,优选低于0.2的粒子尺寸的多分散度U80(U80由通过超离心确定的粒子尺寸分布的积分处理计算。适用的是:U80=[(r90-r10)/r50]-1,其中r10、r50、r90=10、50、90%的粒子半径低于该值和90、50、10%的粒子半径高于该值的平均积分粒子半径)的粒子。这特别适用于阴离子乳化剂,例如特别优选的烷氧基化和硫酸化石蜡的情形。基于水相,使用的聚合引发剂例如为0.01-0.5重量%的碱金属过氧二硫酸盐或过氧二硫酸铵,并且在20-100℃温度下引发聚合。优选在20-80℃温度下使用氧化还原体系,例如0.01-0.05重量%有机氢过氧化物和0.05-0.15重量%羟甲基亚磺酸(sulfinat)钠的组合。
与韧相a2)以至少15重量%共价键接的硬相a 1)具有至少70℃的玻璃化转变温度并且可仅由甲基丙烯酸甲酯构成。作为共聚单体a12),至多20重量%的一种或多种另外的烯属不饱和的可自由基聚合的单体可以存在于硬相中,其中(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯,优选具有1-4个碳原子的丙烯酸烷基酯的用量使得不会达不到上述玻璃化转变温度。
在第二阶段中,同样在乳液中,使用常规助剂,例如也用于韧相a2)聚合的那些,进行硬相a1)的聚合。
在优选实施方案中,基于硬相中作为共聚单体组分a 12)的成分的A,硬相包含0.1-10重量%,优选0.5-5重量%的量的低分子量和/或经共聚的UV吸收剂。可聚合UV吸收剂的例子,尤其描述于US 4576870中的那些,可包括2-(2’-羟基苯基)-5-甲基丙烯酰氨基苯并三唑或2-羟基-4-甲基丙烯酰氧基二苯甲酮。低分子量UV吸收剂可以为例如2-羟基二苯甲酮或2-羟基苯基苯并三唑的衍生物或者水杨酸苯酯。一般而言,低分子量UV吸收剂具有小于2×103(g/mol)的分子量。特别优选在加工温度下具有低挥发性和与聚合物A的硬相a1)的均匀混溶性的UV吸收剂。
与作为主要组分的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共混物
另外,可以使用PMMA和与PMMA相容的其它塑料的混合物。与PMMA相容的塑料的例子包括ABS塑料或SAN塑料。
PMMA塑料模塑材料和所述其它塑料模塑材料通常借助于色母料或者用液体染料着色。
聚碳酸酯
聚碳酸酯是本领域中已知的。聚碳酸酯在形式上可被看作由碳酸和脂族或芳族二羟基化合物形成的聚酯。它们可通过使二甘醇或双酚与光气或碳酸二酯反应,通过缩聚或酯交换反应而容易地获得。
在此优选衍生自双酚的聚碳酸酯。这些双酚尤其包括2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷(双酚A)、2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丁烷(双酚B)、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)环己烷(双酚C)、2,2′-亚甲基二苯酚(双酚F)、2,2-双(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)丙烷(四溴双酚A)和2,2-双(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷(四甲基双酚A)。
通常这样的芳族聚碳酸酯通过界面缩聚或酯交换制备,其中细节在Encyc l.Polym.Sci.Engng.11,648-718中给出。
在界面缩聚中,使双酚作为含水碱性溶液在惰性有机溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯苯或四氢呋喃中乳化,并且在分阶段反应中与光气反应。使用的催化剂是胺,在空间受阻双酚的情形中还有相转移催化剂。所得的聚合物可溶于使用的有机溶剂。
通过双酚的选择,聚合物的性能可以广泛地变化。在同时使用不同双酚的情形中,还可以多阶段缩聚构造嵌段聚合物。
着色剂
根据本发明的教导可以使用以下着色剂类:
1.有机有色颜料,例如重氮染料、酞菁、苝、蒽醌,
3.1和2的混合物,
4.无机颜料(例如铬酸锌、硫化镉、氧化铬、群青颜料和金属薄片,以及BaSO4和TiO2)
5.1、2和4的混合物,和
6.炭黑
基于着色剂制剂的总量,着色剂的量可以为0.5重量%-50重量%。
聚丙烯酸酯
改性聚丙烯酸酯以具有48重量%-52重量%的活性物质含量的水溶液形式使用。
基于着色剂制剂的总量,聚丙烯酸酯的量可以为5重量%-50重量%。
聚丙烯酸酯作为不依赖于pH值的分散剂用于含水涂料体系和颜料浓缩物中的颜料抗絮凝。
另外的助剂
另外,所有常规助剂可以任选地加入着色剂制剂中,例如用于防止腐烂、细菌分解的试剂,杀真菌剂、流平助剂和消泡剂。
为了调节着色剂组合物的最佳粘度,例如使用脱盐水。
可以直接通过将着色剂制剂加入未着色的塑料模塑材料中,或者经由母料,将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色。
母料被理解为是指由着色剂制剂和塑料模塑材料组成的配制剂,其中母料中着色剂制剂的浓度被调节为使得当母料用于将未着色的塑料模塑材料着色时产生所希望的颜色印象。
具体实施方式
实施例
着色的热塑性塑料模塑材料的制备
用着色剂制剂着色
以下列方式制备实施例1-4:
在转鼓混合机中由塑料粒料和着色剂制剂制备混合物,该混合物借助于漏斗计量加入单螺杆挤出机的进料区。排气区与真空泵连接。在挤出机的下游连接造粒机。在第二加工步骤中,由如此得到的粒料注塑试件用于维卡软化温度测定。
比较例1用于采用有机粘结剂(脂肪酸酯)的着色
组成:
●着色剂:
●0.3重量%十八碳烯酸,约70mol%作为低聚乙二醇单酯和二酯形式存在,其余的30%用糖/糖醇酯化
●99.62重量%模塑材料8N
维卡软化温度:106℃
为比较:
在Battenfeld BA 350CD上注塑:
注射时间:1.76sec
材料温度:250℃
料筒温度:250-230℃
模具温度:68℃
从注射切换到在模具内压560巴下保压(Nachdruck)
总循环时间:50sec
用开口的排气料筒注塑
30次冲程后,严重的模具覆层和红色的染料沉积实施例2:加入纯的水基粘结剂,没有有色颜料:
组成:
●0.32重量%蒸馏水
●0.01重量%消泡剂
●0.0006重量%防腐剂
●99.5重量%模塑材料8N
在Arburg 221上注塑:没有覆层形成
注射时间:1.5s ec
材料温度:250℃
料筒温度:250-225℃
模具温度:68℃
从注射以取决于路径的方式切换到保压
总循环时间:30sec
用开口的排气料筒注塑
在该实验中,没有观察到维卡软化温度升高,在有和没有粘结剂的情况下,维卡软化温度都为107℃。
实施例3:用水基液体染料形式的Thermoplastrot 454着色:
组成:
●0.193重量%蒸馏水
●0.1重量%4550(50%含水的改性聚丙烯酸酯)
●0.006重量%消泡剂
●0.00035重量%防腐剂
在Battenfeld BA 350CD上注塑:没有覆层形成
注射时间:1.77s ec
材料温度:248℃
料筒温度:250-230℃
模具温度:68℃
从注射切换到在模具内压565巴下保压
总循环时间:50sec
用开口的排气料筒注塑
组成:
●0.193重量%蒸馏水
●0.1重量%4550(50%含水的改性聚丙烯酸酯)
●0.006重量%消泡剂
●0.00035重量%防腐剂
在Battenfeld BA 350CD上注塑:没有覆层形成
注射时间:1.76sec
材料温度:250℃
料筒温度:250-230℃
模具温度:68℃
从注射切换到在模具内压560巴下保压
总循环时间:50sec
用开口的排气料筒注塑
通过转鼓施加(转鼓混合机)将根据实施例5和6的液体染料各自以0.5重量%施加于8N上,并且在30mm(er)-Stork单螺杆挤出机上在230℃下配混。在开口的真空区中没有真空。当在Arburg221上注塑配混物时,没有显示模具覆层。
注射时间:1.5sec
材料温度:250℃
料筒温度:250-225℃
模具温度:68℃
从注射以取决于路径的方式切换到保压
总循环时间:30sec
用开口的排气料筒注塑
模塑材料的维卡软化温度保持恒定在108℃。
实施例5:
实施例6:
在加入之前在转鼓磨机上将二氧化钛分散。
结果表明,维卡软化温度没有降低,而是在部分情形中升高,并且当用本发明着色剂制剂着色的热塑性塑料模塑材料注塑时,注塑模具上没有形成覆层。
聚合物的维卡软化温度根据ISO 306测定。
Claims (8)
2.热塑性塑料模塑材料,其特征在于其用权利要求1中限定的含水着色剂制剂着色。
3.根据权利要求2的热塑性塑料模塑材料,其特征在于所述热塑性塑料模塑材料基于聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
4.将热塑性塑料模塑材料着色的方法,其特征在于使用权利要求1中限定的含水着色剂制剂。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其特征在于使用的热塑性塑料模塑材料是聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
6.根据权利要求4的方法,其特征在于使用的热塑性塑料模塑材料是抗冲改性的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
7.可通过根据权利要求4的方法得到的热塑性塑料模塑材料。
8.通过权利要求7中所述的热塑性塑料模塑材料的注塑或挤出制备的塑料成型体。
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CN104470963A (zh) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-03-25 | 拜耳材料科技股份有限公司 | 包含对苯二甲酸聚酯的水性聚氨酯分散体 |
EP3632938B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2023-05-03 | Trinseo Europe GmbH | Vinylidene substituted aromatic monomer and cyclic (meth)acrylate ester polymers |
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2009
- 2009-07-10 SI SI200931139T patent/SI2315801T1/sl unknown
- 2009-07-10 CN CN200980128643.1A patent/CN102105520B/zh active Active
- 2009-07-10 US US13/058,364 patent/US20110136964A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-07-10 EP EP09780402.5A patent/EP2315801B1/de active Active
- 2009-07-10 WO PCT/EP2009/058784 patent/WO2010020474A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-07-10 CA CA2734405A patent/CA2734405C/en active Active
- 2009-07-10 JP JP2011523365A patent/JP2012500312A/ja active Pending
- 2009-07-10 MX MX2011001817A patent/MX2011001817A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-07-10 KR KR1020167010474A patent/KR101755176B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-07-10 ES ES09780402T patent/ES2530817T3/es active Active
- 2009-07-10 KR KR1020117003789A patent/KR20110044233A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-10 BR BRPI0916987-3A patent/BRPI0916987B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-07-10 PL PL09780402T patent/PL2315801T3/pl unknown
- 2009-07-10 RU RU2011110301/05A patent/RU2520439C9/ru active
- 2009-08-14 TW TW098127396A patent/TWI496842B/zh active
-
2015
- 2015-07-21 US US14/804,449 patent/US20150322240A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2017
- 2017-12-15 US US15/842,919 patent/US20180105677A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2520439C9 (ru) | 2015-02-20 |
CA2734405C (en) | 2016-09-20 |
TWI496842B (zh) | 2015-08-21 |
WO2010020474A1 (de) | 2010-02-25 |
TW201026789A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
RU2011110301A (ru) | 2012-10-10 |
KR20160049046A (ko) | 2016-05-04 |
CN102105520A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
US20150322240A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
PL2315801T3 (pl) | 2015-04-30 |
ES2530817T3 (es) | 2015-03-05 |
EP2315801B1 (de) | 2014-11-26 |
US20110136964A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
BRPI0916987A2 (pt) | 2015-11-24 |
EP2315801A1 (de) | 2011-05-04 |
DE102008041338A1 (de) | 2010-02-25 |
MX2011001817A (es) | 2011-03-29 |
KR20110044233A (ko) | 2011-04-28 |
SI2315801T1 (sl) | 2015-03-31 |
RU2520439C2 (ru) | 2014-06-27 |
US20180105677A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
BRPI0916987B1 (pt) | 2019-10-29 |
KR101755176B1 (ko) | 2017-07-06 |
JP2012500312A (ja) | 2012-01-05 |
CA2734405A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
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