CN102065866B - 包括甲胺蝶呤及二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂的组合 - Google Patents
包括甲胺蝶呤及二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂的组合 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102065866B CN102065866B CN200980123300.6A CN200980123300A CN102065866B CN 102065866 B CN102065866 B CN 102065866B CN 200980123300 A CN200980123300 A CN 200980123300A CN 102065866 B CN102065866 B CN 102065866B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种组合,其包括(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)非肝毒性DHODH抑制剂。
Description
本发明涉及甲胺蝶呤与DHODH抑制剂的新型组合。所述组合适用于治疗、预防或抑制已知易由甲胺蝶呤和/或易由二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(dihydroorotate dehydrogenase)的抑制而得到改善的疾病及病症,如自体免疫疾病、免疫及发炎疾病、破坏性骨病症、恶性赘生性疾病、血管生成相关病症、病毒性疾病以及传染性疾病。
背景技术
甲胺蝶呤(Methotrexate,MTX)是影响许多细胞内嘌呤代谢途径的抗代谢物及免疫调节剂。其有效减轻类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的病征及症状,以及减缓或停止放射照相损伤。由于MTX的效力、施用简便性以及相对较低的成本,因此MTX已成为大多数患有RA的患者的第一线口服疗法。在对MTX具有不完全反应的患者中,除MTX外还添加另一种疾病调节抗风湿性药物(disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug,DMARD)。因此,DMARD与MTX的组合疗法在临床实践中越来越常见。
来氟米特(Leflunomide)是所述DMARD的一个实例。其于1998年9月获准用于RA。已经表明其减轻疾病的病征及症状,抑制结构损伤(由X射线侵蚀及关节间隙变窄证明)以及提高身体功能。特立氟胺(Teriflunomide)是来氟米特的活性代谢物。
认为甲胺蝶呤主要对细胞代谢的嘌呤途径起作用,而来氟米特影响嘧啶途径。鉴于多种细胞内途径受所述两种药物的影响,来氟米特与甲胺蝶呤的组合具有生物化学协同作用的潜能。实际上,已报导所述两种药剂的组合产生相当大的临床改善(参见例如,WeinblattME等人,“Pharmacokinetics,safety,and efficacy of combinationtreatment with methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with activerheumatoid arthritis”.Arthritis Rheum 1999;42(7):1322-8及KremerJM等人,“Concomitant Leflunomide therapy in patients with activerheumatoid arthritis despite stable doses of methotrexate”.Ann.Intern.Med.,2002;137,726-733)。
令人遗憾的是,甲胺蝶呤与来氟米特均具有严重的副作用,尤其是肝毒性。甲胺蝶呤在长时期使用后可能引起致命的肝损伤,如纤维化及肝硬化。采用甲胺蝶呤治疗期间通常可见肝酶增加。因此,对服用MTX的患者的定期且仔细的监测是必要的,尤其是当MTX与其它DMARD组合时。
来氟米特的最常报导的不良事件包括腹泻、消化不良、皮疹、脱发、高血压及肝酶升高。肝毒性潜能特别相关,且必须对所有服用所述药物的患者进行包括肝功能血液测试在内的定期实验室测试。不推荐来氟米特用于有B型肝炎或C型肝炎感染或明显肝功能损伤迹象的患者。
临床试验报导,来氟米特加MTX组中经历肝标志物(以转胺酶的含量度量)增加的患者的数目显著高于仅用MTX组的患者数目。来氟米特的产品信息警告不要与甲胺蝶呤组合,依据在于所述组合疗法会导致迭加或甚至协同的肝毒性。
虽然造成来氟米特(尤其是其活性代谢物特立氟胺)肝毒性的机制尚不明确,但已将其归因于作为二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)的抑制剂的活性。因此,已经将肝毒性确认为直接由DHODH抑制剂的作用机制产生的副作用,这阻碍了该类化合物的发展。
发明内容
我们现已发现,与一般观点相反,抑制DHODH并不造成由来氟米特产生的肝损伤,且DHODH抑制剂尤其适合与甲胺蝶呤组合。
已知抑制DHODH会产生免疫抑制效应及抗增生效应。因此,DHODH抑制剂可在如RA之类的自体免疫、发炎性及增生性疾病的治疗中用作免疫抑制剂及抗增生剂。
本发明是基于如下出乎意料的研究结果:DHODH的抑制并不与肝毒性相关,因而,由于无肝毒性潜能的DHODH抑制剂与RA治疗中最常用的第一线药物MTX具有有利的可组合性,因此其代表了对所述疾病的治疗的重要贡献。
我们已开发了小鼠肝毒性评价体内模型,其中通过腹膜内途径施用测试化合物,以使肝暴露最大化。在所述模型中,来氟米特的活性代谢物特立氟胺显示出血浆中转胺酶及胆红素的含量急剧增加,而DHODH抑制剂在相同模型中并没有显示出任何血浆肝标志物的增加,同时维持其对关节炎的效力。
因此,本发明涉及一种组合产品,其包括(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)DHODH抑制剂(尤其是非肝毒性DHODH抑制剂)。
在优选的实施例中,DHODH抑制剂不是来氟米特或其任何活性代谢物。
DHODH抑制剂(b)最优选是式(I)所示的化合物以及其可药用的盐和N-氧化物:
其中
基团G1中一个表示氮原子或基团CRc,且另一个表示基团CRc;
G2表示氮原子或基团CRd;
R1表示选自以下各基团中的基团:氢原子、卤素原子、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷基以及可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C3-8环烷基;
R2表示选自以下各基团中的基团:氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷基、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的经1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷氧基以及可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C3-8环烷基;
Ra、Rb以及Rc独立地表示选自以下基团中的基团:氢原子、卤素原子、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷基以及可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷氧基;
Rd表示选自以下各基团中的基团:氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷基以及可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷氧基以及可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C3-8环烷氧基;
基团G3及G4中的一个是氮原子且另一个是CH基团;
M是氢原子或可药用的阳离子;
其限制条件为当基团Ra及Rb中的至少一个表示氢原子且G2是基团CRd时,则Rd表示选自以下各基团中的基团:可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C1-4烷氧基、可视情况被选自卤素原子及羟基中的1、2或3个取代基取代的C3-8环烷氧基。
如本文中所使用的术语烷基包含具有1至4个碳原子的可视情况被取代的直链或支链烃基。烷基上的优选取代基是卤素原子及羟基,且更优选是卤素原子。
其实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基以及叔丁基。
如本文中所使用的术语烷氧基包含具有1至4个碳原子的可视情况被取代的直链或支链含氧基。烷氧基上的优选取代基是卤素原子及羟基,且更优选是卤素原子。
其实例包括甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基以及叔丁氧基。
如本文中所使用,术语环烷基包含饱和碳环基,且除非另作说明,否则环烷基通常具有3至8个碳原子。
其实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基以及环庚基。当环烷基具有2个或2个以上取代基时,取代基可相同或不同。环烷基上的优选取代基是卤素原子及羟基,且更优选是卤素原子。
如本文中所使用,术语环烷氧基包含饱和含氧碳环基,且除非另作说明,否则环烷氧基通常具有3至8个碳原子。
其实例包括环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环已氧基以及环庚氧基。当环烷氧基具有2个或2个以上取代基时,取代基可相同或不同。环烷氧基上的优选取代基是卤素原子及羟基,且更优选是卤素原子。
如本文中所使用,存在于本发明的一般结构中的一些原子、基团、部分、链或环“可视情况被取代”。这是指所述原子、基团、部分、链或环可未被取代或在任何位置被一个或多个(例如1、2、3或4个)取代基取代,由此与未被取代的原子、基团、部分、链或环结合的氢原子被化学上可接受的原子、基团、部分、链或环置换。当存在两个或两个以上取代基时,各取代基可相同或不同。
如本文中所使用,术语卤素原子包括氯、氟、溴或碘原子,通常包括氟、氯或溴原子,最优选包括溴或氟。当使用术语“卤素”作为前缀时,其具有相同含义。
M可以是氢原子或可药用的阳离子。当M是可药用的阳离子时,由式(I)表示的化合物另外可由下式(I*)表示。
如本文中所使用,术语可药用的阳离子包含:无机阳离子,例如碱金属阳离子(Li+、Na+、K+)、碱土金属阳离子(Ca2+、Mg2+)以及本领域内已知的其它可药用的无机阳离子(Zn2+、Al3+);及有机阳离子,例如铵离子(即,NH4 +)及被取代的铵离子,如NH3R1+、NH2(R1)2 +、NH(R1)3 +以及N(R1)4 +,其中R1各自独立地选自苯基、苯甲基、C1-4烷基以及C3-8环烷基。
一些合适的被取代的铵离子的实例是EtNH3 +、Et2NH2 +、Et3NH+、(C6H11)2NH2 +、CH3CH2CH2CH2NH3 +、PhCH2NH3 +以及(Ph)(PhCH2)NH2 +。常见季铵离子的实例是N(CH3)4 +。
通常,M是氢原子或选自Li+、Na+、K+、Ca2+以及Mg2+中的可药用的阳离子。优选的是,M是氢原子或选自Li+、Na+以及K+中的可药用的阳离子。更优选的是,M是氢原子或Li+,且最优选的是,M是氢原子。
若式(I)的M是具有大于+1的电荷的可药用的阳离子,则存在其它阴离子来维持化合物的电中性。抗衡阴离子可以是如下文定义的阴离子X-或如上式(I*)中表示的阴离子。
如本文中所使用,术语可药用的盐包含与可药用的酸或碱形成的盐。可药用的酸包括:无机酸,例如盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、焦磷酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸以及硝酸;及有机酸,例如柠檬酸、反丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、抗坏血酸、草酸、丁二酸、酒石酸、苯甲酸、乙酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、苯磺酸、环己基氨基磺酸(环拉酸(cyclamic acid))或对甲苯磺酸。可药用的碱包括碱金属(例如钠或钾)及碱土金属(例如钙或镁)的氢氧化物及有机碱,例如烷基胺、芳基烷基胺以及杂环胺。
根据本发明的其它优选盐是季铵化合物,其中等量的阴离子(X-)与N原子的正电荷缔合。X-可以是各种无机酸的阴离子,如氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、硫酸根、硝酸根、磷酸根;或有机酸的阴离子,如乙酸根、顺丁烯二酸根、反丁烯二酸根、柠檬酸根、草酸根、丁二酸根、酒石酸根、苹果酸根、扁桃酸根、三氟乙酸根、甲烷磺酸根以及对甲苯磺酸根。X-优选是选自氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、硫酸根、硝酸根、乙酸根、顺丁烯二酸根、草酸根、丁二酸根或三氟乙酸根中的阴离子。X-更优选是氯离子、溴离子、三氟乙酸根或甲烷磺酸根。
如本文中所使用,N-氧化物是使用适宜的氧化剂由存在于分子中的碱性叔胺或亚胺形成的。
R1通常选自由氢原子、溴原子、氟原子、甲基、乙基、环丙基以及环丁基组成的组。
G3通常表示氮原子且G4通常表示基团CH。
G3通常表示基团CH且G4通常表示氮原子。
G1通常表示基团CRc。
Rc通常各自独立地选自由氢原子、氟原子、氯原子以及C1-3烷基组成的组。
G2通常表示基团CRd。
Rd通常选自由羟基、C1-3烷氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基以及C3-4环烷氧基组成的组。C1-3烷氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基以及C3-4环烷氧基是优选的。
Ra通常选自由氟原子、甲基以及三氟甲氧基组成的组。
Rb通常选自由氢原子、氟原子以及氯原子组成的组。
R2通常选自由氢原子及卤素原子组成的组,优选选自由氢原子及氟原子组成的组。
通常,两个基团G1均表示C(Rc)基团,G2表示C(Rd)基团,G2优选是选自C(OH)、C(OMe)以及C(OEt)中的基团;Ra是氟原子,Rb选自由氢原子及氟原子组成的组,且R1选自由氢原子、溴原子、氟原子、甲基、乙基以及环丙基组成的组;优选地,两个G1均表示CH基团,G2是选自C(OMe)及C(OEt)中的基团;Ra是氟原子,Rb选自由氢原子及氟原子组成的组,且R1选自由氢原子、溴原子以及氟原子、甲基、乙基以及环丙基组成的组。
优选地,Rc是氢原子,Rd是羟基或C1-3烷氧基,且R2是氢原子;优选地,Rc是氢原子,Rd是C1-3烷氧基且R2是氢原子。
优选地,G3表示氮原子,G4表示基团CH且Rb是氟原子,且优选的是其中G3表示基团CH、G4表示氮原子的化合物。
更优选地,两个基团G1均表示C(Rc)基团,G2表示C(Rd)基团,Ra是氟原子,Rb选自由氢原子及氟原子组成的组,且R1选自由氢原子、溴原子、氟原子、甲基、乙基以及环丙基组成的组;优选地,Rc是氢原子,Rd选自由C1-3烷氧基及C3-4环烷氧基组成的组,且R2是氢原子。尤其优选的是其中G3表示氮原子、G4表示基团CH且Rb是氟原子的化合物,及其中G3表示基团CH、G4表示氮原子的化合物。
DHODH抑制剂优选是以下列表中的一个或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物:
1.2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2.2-(3′-乙氧基-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
3.2-(3-氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
4.2-(3′-乙氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
5.2-(3′-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
6.2-(2,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
7.2-(3′-乙氧基-2,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
8.2-(2′,3-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
9.2-(2-甲基-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
10.2-(3-氯-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
11.2-(3-氯-3′-乙氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
12.2-(3-甲基-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
13.2-(3-氯-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
14.2-(3′-(二氟甲氧基)-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
15.2-(3′-环丁氧基-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
16.2-(3-氟-3′-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
17.2-(3′-环丁氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
18.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
19.2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
20.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
21.3-(3′-乙氧基-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
22.3-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
23.3-(3′-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
24.3-(3-氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
25.2-(3′-乙氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
26.2-(5-氟-2-甲基-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
27.2-(2′,3-二氟-5′-异丙氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
28.2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
29.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-羟基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
30.5-溴-2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
31.5-溴-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
32.5-溴-2-(3-氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
33.2-(3-氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
34.5-环丙基-2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
35.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
36.2-(3′-乙氧基-5-氟-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
37.2-(5-氟-3′-甲氧基-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
38.2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
39.5-环丙基-2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
40.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-乙基烟碱酸;
41.5-溴-2-(3′-乙氧基-2,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
42.5-环丙基-2-(3′-乙氧基-2,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
43.2-(5-氟-3′-甲氧基-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
44.5-环丙基-2-(5-氟-3′-甲氧基-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
45.2-(2′,3,5-三氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
46.2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
47.2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
48.2-(3,5-二氟-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
49.5-环丙基-2-(2,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
50.2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)-5-环丙基烟碱酸;
51.5-氯-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
52.5-环丙基-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
53.2-(2,3,5-三氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
54.2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)-5-环丙基烟碱酸;
55.2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
56.2-(3,5-二氟-2-甲基-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
57.2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
58.5-氯-2-(3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
59.5-氯-2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
60.2-(2,3,5,6-四氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
61.2-(3,5-二氟-2′-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
62.3-(3′-环丙氧基-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸。
DHODH抑制剂更优选是以下化合物中的一个或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物:
2-(3′-乙氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3′-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
3-(3′-乙氧基-3-氟联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
3-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
3-(3′-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)异烟碱酸锂;
2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
5-溴-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
5-环丙基-2-(3-氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸;
2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-乙基烟碱酸;
2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(3,5-二氟-2-甲基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
5-环丙基-2-(2,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
5-环丙基-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸;
2-(2′-氯-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)-5-环丙基烟碱酸;
2-(2,3,5,6-四氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸。
DHODH抑制剂最优选是2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸、2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸、2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸、2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸或5-环丙基-2-(3,5-二氟-3′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
活性成分(a)及(b)优选构成单一药物组合物的一部分。
本发明还提供一种如上所描述的组合,其还包括(c)选自以下各化合物中的其它化合物:
(i)抗TNF-α单克隆抗体,如英利昔单抗(Infliximab)、塞妥珠单抗(Certolizumab pegol)、戈利木单抗(Golimumab)、阿达木单抗(Adalimumab)以及来自Applied Molecular Evolution公司的AME-527;
(ii)TNF-α拮抗剂,如依那西普(Etanercept)、来那西普(Lenercept)、奥那西普(Onercept)以及培那西普(Pegsunercept);
(iii)钙调神经磷酸酶(Calcineurin)(PP-2B)抑制剂/INS表现抑制剂,如环孢素A(cyclosporine A)、他克莫司(Tacrolimus)及来自Isotechnika公司的ISA-247;
(iv)IL-1受体拮抗剂,如阿那白滞素(Anakinra)及来自Amgen公司的AMG-719;
(v)抗CD20单克隆抗体,如利妥昔单抗(Rituximab)、奥法姆单抗(Ofatumumab)、奥利珠单抗(Ocrelizumab)以及来自TrubionPharmaceuticals公司的TRU-015;
(vi)p38抑制剂,如AMG-548(来自Amgen公司)、ARRY-797(来自Array Biopharma公司)、乙二磺酸氯美噻唑(Chlormethiazoleedisylate)、多拉莫德(Doramapimod)、PS-540446(来自BMS公司)、SB-203580、SB-242235、SB-235699、SB-281832、SB-681323、SB-856553(所有均来自GlaxoSmithKline公司)、KC-706(来自Kemia公司)、LEO-1606、LEO-15520(所有均来自Leo公司)、SC-80036、SD-06(所有均来自Pfizer公司)、RWJ-67657(来自R.W.Johnson公司)、RO-3201195、RO-4402257(所有均来自Roche公司)、AVE-9940(来自Aventis公司)、SCIO-323、SCIO-469(所有均来自Scios公司)、TA-5493(来自Tanabe Seiyaku公司)以及VX-745及VX-702(所有均来自Vertex公司);
(vii)NF-κB(NFKB)活化抑制剂,如柳氮磺吡啶(Sulfasalazine)及埃拉莫德(Iguratimod);
(viii)二氢叶酸还原酶(DHFR)抑制剂,如氨基蝶呤及来自Chelsea公司的CH-1504;
(ix)Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂,如来自Pfizer公司的CP-690、CP-550及来自Incyte公司的INCB-18424;
(x)MEK抑制剂,如来自Array公司的ARRY-162;
(xi)神经鞘胺醇-1磷酸受体激动剂,如芬戈莫德(fingolimod)(Novartis公司);
(xii)干扰素,包括干扰素β1a,如来自Biogen Idec公司的阿瓦克斯(Avonex)、来自CinnaGen公司的西努克斯(CinnoVex)以及来自Merck Serono公司的利比(Rebif);及干扰素β1b,如来自Schering公司的倍泰芬龙(Betaferon)及来自Berlex公司的倍泰瑟龙;
(xiii)免疫调节剂,如来自Biogen Idec/Fumapharm AG公司的BG-12(反丁烯二酸衍生物);
(xiv)腺苷脱胺酶(Adenosine aminohydrolase)抑制剂,如来自Merck Serono公司的克拉屈滨(Cladribine)。
本发明还提供(a)甲胺蝶呤以及(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于同时、分开或相继用于治疗易由二氢乳清酸脱氢酶的抑制而得到改善的病理病状或疾病。
DHODH的抑制发挥作用的疾病或病症包括(但不限于):自体免疫疾病、免疫及发炎疾病、破坏性骨病症、恶性赘生性疾病、血管生成相关病症、病毒性疾病以及传染性疾病。
可预防或治疗的自体免疫疾病包括(但不限于):类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣性关节炎、全身性红斑狼疮、多发性硬化、牛皮癣、强直性脊柱炎、韦格纳肉芽肿病(Wegener′s granulomatosis)、多关节炎性青少年特发性关节炎、诸如溃疡性结肠炎及克罗恩氏病(Crohn′sdisease)之类的发炎性肠疾病、莱特氏症候群(Reiter′s syndrome)、纤维肌痛以及1型糖尿病。
可预防或治疗的免疫及发炎疾病包括(但不限于):哮喘、COPD、呼吸窘迫症候群、急性或慢性胰腺炎、移植物抗宿主疾病、慢性肉状瘤病、移植排斥反应、接触性皮炎、异位性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性结膜炎、贝切特氏症候群(Behcet syndrome)、诸如结膜炎及葡萄膜炎之类的发炎性眼病。
可预防或治疗的破坏性骨病症包括(但不限于):骨质疏松症、骨关节炎以及多发性骨髓瘤相关骨病。
可预防或治疗的恶性赘生性疾病包括(但不限于):前列腺癌、卵巢癌及脑癌。
可预防或治疗的血管生成相关病症包括(但不限于):血管瘤、眼睛新血管生成、黄斑退化或糖尿病性视网膜病。
可预防或治疗的病毒性疾病包括(但不限于):HIV感染、肝炎以及巨细胞病毒感染。
可预防或治疗的传染性疾病包括(但不限于);败血症、败血性休克、内毒素休克、革兰氏阴性败血症(Gram negative sepsis)、中毒性休克症候群、志贺氏菌病(Shigellosis)以及其它原虫感染(如疟疾)。
优选的是,病理病状或疾病选自类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、多发性硬化、韦格纳肉芽肿病、全身性红斑狼疮、牛皮癣以及肉状瘤病。病理病状或疾病更优选是类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣关节炎或牛皮癣。其最优选是类风湿性关节炎。
本发明还提供一种组合,其包括(a)诸如干扰素β1a或干扰素β1b等干扰素及(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂,优选式(I)表示的DHODH抑制剂。
本发明还提供包括(a)诸如干扰素β1a或干扰素β1b等干扰素及(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂(优选式(I)表示的DHODH抑制剂)的组合用于制备药物的用途,所述药物同时、分开或相继用于治疗多发性硬化。
本发明还提供一种产品,其包括(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂,以作为同时、分开或相继用于治疗患有或易患如上所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者的组合制剂。所述产品可视情况还包括如上所定义的活性化合物(c)。
本发明还提供一种成套套组,其包括(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂以及用于说明其与(a)甲胺蝶呤组合用于同时、分开或相继治疗患有或易患如上所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者的说明书。所述套组可视情况还包括如上所定义的活性化合物(c)。
本发明还提供一种包装,其包括(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂及(a)甲胺蝶呤,其用于同时、分开或相继治疗如上所定义的病理病状或疾病。所述包装可视情况还包括如上所定义的活性化合物(c)。
本发明还提供一种(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂用于制备药物的用途,该药物与(a)甲胺蝶呤组合用于治疗如上所定义的病理病状或疾病。
本发明还提供一种(a)甲胺蝶呤用于制备药物的用途,该药物与(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂组合用于治疗如上所定义的病理病状或疾病。
本发明还提供一种如上所定义的用途,其中甲胺蝶呤(a)旨在以如下的剂量方案施用,该剂量方案包括每周每公斤体重施用0.015至3毫克的甲胺蝶呤,且DHODH抑制剂(b)旨在以如下的剂量方案施用,该剂量方案包括每天每公斤体重施用0.03至30毫克的DHODH抑制剂。
通常,上述药物用于治疗患有或易患肝损伤或由肝毒性加重的病状的人类或动物患者。所述人类或动物患者更通常患有肝纤维化、肝炎(通常为A型至G型肝炎)、肝硬化(通常由酗酒引起)或肝癌。
在本发明的一个实施例中,组合物、产品、成套套组或包装包括(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂及(a)甲胺蝶呤作为仅有的活性组分。
本发明研究发现本发明的DHODH抑制剂具有降低的肝副作用。因此,本发明还提供一种如上所定义的本发明的DHODH抑制剂用于制造药物的用途,所述药物用于治疗或预防这样的人类或动物患者的如上所定义的病理病状或疾病,所述人类或动物患者患有或易患如上所定义的肝损伤或由肝毒性加重的病状。
本发明还提供一种治疗患有或易患如上所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者的方法,所述方法包括向所述人类或动物患者同时、分开或相继施用治疗有效量的(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)如上所定义的DHODH抑制剂。在所述方法中,优选(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)DHODH抑制剂是仅有的活性组分。
本发明还提供一种治疗患有或易患如上所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者的方法,其中所述人类或动物患者患有或易患如上所定义的肝损伤或由肝毒性加重的病状,所述方法包括向所述人类或动物患者施用治疗有效量的如上所定义的DHODH抑制剂。
本发明提供一种如上所定义的组合,其用于治疗如上所定义的病理病状或疾病。
本发明还提供一种如上所定义的DHODH抑制剂,其用于治疗患有或易患如上所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者,其中所述人类或动物患者患有或易患如上所定义的肝损伤或由肝毒性加重的病状。
本发明的组合中的活性化合物可视希望治疗的病症的性质由任何合适的途径施用,例如经口施用(以糖浆、片剂、胶囊、含片、控制释放制剂、速溶制剂等形式);局部施用(以乳膏、软膏、洗剂、鼻用喷雾剂或气雾剂等形式);注射施用(皮下、真皮内、肌肉内、静脉内注射等)或吸入施用(以干粉、溶液、分散液等形式)。
组合中的活性化合物可在同一药物组合物中一起施用,或以旨在由相同或不同途径分开、同时、相伴或相继施用的不同组合物施用。
本发明的组合物可简便地以单位剂型提供,且可由药学领域熟知的任何方法制备。
适合经口施用的本发明的组合物可以如下形式提供:各自含有预定量的活性成分的离散单元(如胶囊、扁囊剂或片剂);粉末或颗粒剂;在水性液体或非水性液体中的溶液或悬浮液;或水包油型液体乳液或油包水型液体乳液。活性成分也可以大丸剂、舐剂或糊剂形式提供。
糖浆调配物通常由化合物或盐及调味剂或着色剂在液体载剂(例如乙醇、花生油、橄榄油、甘油或水)中的悬浮液或溶液组成。
当组合物呈锭剂形式时,可使用常规用于制备固体调配物的任何药物载剂。所述载剂的实例包括硬脂酸镁、滑石、明胶、阿拉伯胶(acacia)、硬脂酸、淀粉、乳糖以及蔗糖。
可视情况通过在一种或多种配合成分的存在下进行压缩或模制来制造片剂。可在合适的机器中将呈自由流动形式(如粉状物或颗粒物)的活性成分压缩(可视情况与黏合剂、滑润剂、惰性稀释剂、润滑剂(lubricating agent)、表面活性剂或分散剂混合)来制备压缩片剂。可通过在合适机器中将经惰性液体稀释剂润湿的粉状化合物的混合物模制来制造模制片剂。可视情况将片剂包衣或刻痕,并且可调配片剂以使得其中的活性成分缓慢或控制释放。
当组合物呈胶囊形式时,任何常规的囊封方法均是合适的,例如在硬质明胶胶囊中使用上述载剂。当组合物呈软质明胶胶囊形式时,可考虑常规用于制备分散液或悬浮液的任何药物载剂(例如水性胶、纤维素、硅酸盐或油类),且可将其并入软质明胶胶囊中。
所述的组合可呈用于通过吸入局部递送至肺的干粉组合物形式。干粉组合物可(例如)提供在吸入器或吹入器中用的(例如)明胶胶囊及药匣或(例如)层压铝箔发泡包装中。调配物通常含有本发明的化合物与诸如乳糖或淀粉等合适粉状基质(载剂物质)的吸入用粉状混合物。优选使用乳糖。各胶囊或药匣通常可含有2微克与150微克的各治疗活性成分。或者,活性成分可以无赋形剂的形式提供。
可通过使用诸如NovolizerSD2FL或Genuair等合适的吸入器装置进行吸入用调配物的封装,所述装置在以下专利申请案中描述:WO 97/000703、WO 03/000325以及WO 03/061742。
组合物可呈用于经鼻递送的组合物的形式。用于经鼻递送的典型组合物包含以上所提及的用于吸入的组合物,并且还包括在诸如水等惰性媒剂中的溶液或悬浮液形式的可经鼻用泵施用的非加压组合物,所述非加压组合物可视情况与诸如缓冲剂、抗微生物剂、张力调节剂以及黏度调节剂等常规赋形剂组合。
典型的皮肤及经皮用调配物包括例如乳膏、软膏、洗剂或糊剂等常规的水性或非水性媒剂,或呈药用硬膏剂、贴片或膜的形式。
组合物优选呈单位剂型的形式(例如片剂、胶囊或计量气雾剂剂量的形式),使得患者可施用单独的剂量。
当然,实现治疗效果所必需的各活性剂的量会随着特定的活性剂、施用途径、所治疗的个体以及所治疗的特定病症或疾病而变化。
通常,组合物中的所有活性剂均同时或以极靠近的时间施用。或者,一种或两种活性剂可在早晨服用,而其它活性剂在当日稍后服用。或在另一方案中,一种或两种活性剂可每日服用两次,而其它活性剂每日服用一次,其中所述其它活性剂与所进行的每天两次给药中的一次同时服用,或者分开服用。优选至少两种活性剂(更优选所有活性剂)同时一起服用。优选至少两种活性剂(更优选所有活性剂)以混合物形式施用。
优选的是,本发明的药物组合旨在以如下剂量方案施用,所述计量方案包括:(i)每周每公斤体重施用0.015至3毫克的甲胺蝶呤、更优选每周每公斤体重施用0.07至0.7毫克的甲胺蝶呤,且最优选每周每公斤体重施用0.15至0.35毫克的甲胺蝶呤;及(ii)每天每公斤体重施用0.03至30毫克的DHODH抑制剂、更优选每天每公斤体重施用0.07至14毫克的DHODH抑制剂,且最优选每天每公斤体重施用0.15至0.3毫克的DHODH抑制剂。
实例
实例1-人类DHODH活性抑制情况测定
通过色原还原测定法(chromogen reduction assay)用2,6-二氯酚-靛基酚(DCIP)研究DHODH活性及其抑制情况。底物氧化(二氢乳清酸,L-DHO)以及共底物还原(辅酶Q,CoQ)与色原还原相关,因此酶活性导致600纳米下的色原吸光度降低。
在96孔板中培育酶提取物(8微升,约1.5微克人类蛋白质)。测定混合物(200微升)含有在测定缓冲液(100毫摩尔浓度的HEPES(pH 8.0)、150毫摩尔浓度的NaCl、10%Glicerol、0.05%TritonX-100)中的200微摩尔浓度CoQD、100微摩尔浓度L-DHO、120微摩尔浓度DCIP以及2微升测试化合物。将化合物溶解于DMSO中,使得储备浓度为1毫摩尔浓度,并且在10微摩尔浓度至1皮摩尔浓度变化的不同浓度下测试,以计算IC50(50%抑制时所需的抑制剂浓度)。
通过添加酶启动反应,随后在室温下培育10分钟,之后通过使用标准仪器(Spectramax)计算600纳米下吸光度的降低值来测量DCIP还原情况。
所有反应均进行两次,且使用ABase软件绘制用以确定各化合物的IC50值的图。
表1示出本发明的一些化合物(来自上文所指出的列表中的化合物)在人类DHODH抑制测定中的活性,表明所述化合物是有效的DHODH抑制剂。
表1
化合物编号 | hDHODH IC50(纳摩尔浓度) |
2 | 200 |
6 | 88 |
13 | 150 |
17 | 90 |
19 | 19 |
20 | 15 |
21 | 19 |
23 | 14 |
24 | 200 |
33 | 110 |
34 | 33 |
35 | 12 |
37 | 99 |
40 | 12 |
42 | 23 |
45 | 53 |
47 | 17 |
48 | 5 |
50 | 6 |
52 | 4 |
54 | 5 |
56 | 6 |
57 | 4 |
58 | 8 |
60 | 3 |
61 | 11 |
实例2-降低的肝毒性
在瑞士小鼠(Swiss mice)中进行急性肝毒性测定。通过腹膜内途径给动物分别单独施用媒剂、或100毫克/公斤体重的特立氟胺、或本发明化合物(来自上文指出的列表中的化合物)。24小时后,处死动物,且测定血浆中肝标志物AST(天冬胺酸转胺酶)、ALT(丙胺酸转胺酶)以及BIL(总胆红素)的含量。
表2:在施用100毫克/公斤体重的化合物、100毫克/公斤体重的特立氟胺或媒剂后小鼠的血浆肝标志物的含量(IU:国际单位)
化合物编号 | ALT(IU/公升) | AST(IU/公升) | BIL(毫克/分升) |
1 | 99 | 84 | 0.03 |
2 | 35 | 57 | 0 |
3 | 52 | 83 | 0.01 |
4 | 70 | 108 | 0.05 |
19 | 60 | 92 | 0.05 |
20 | 73 | 95 | 0 |
23 | 35 | 72 | 0 |
47 | 66 | 91 | 0.14 |
48 | 44 | 95 | 0.08 |
57 | 60 | 109 | 0.06 |
媒剂 | 55 | 78 | 0.05 |
特立氟胺 | 423 | 542 | 0.5 |
由表2清楚可见,与经媒剂处理的小鼠相比,经特立氟胺处理的小鼠显示出三个肝标志物发生显著增加,这清楚表明产生高的肝毒性,而根据本发明的DHODH抑制剂不引起所测量的任何参数的显著增加。
实例3:本发明的组合产品在佐剂诱发的关节炎中的效力测定
在大鼠佐剂诱发的关节炎模型(adjuvant-induced arthritis,AIA)中测试DHODH抑制剂化合物与甲胺蝶呤(每天每公斤体重0.05毫克)的组合在患有所确定的疾病的动物中的效果(洽愈方案)。简而言之,将完全弗氏佐剂(Complete Freund A djuvant,CFA)注射至维斯塔大鼠(Wistar rat)的左后脚掌中,且10天后,用器官充满度测量器(plethysmometer)测量两个后爪的肿胀情况。将两个爪中表现出类似发炎程度的大鼠随机分成治疗组(每组n=7)。一天一次经口施用所述化合物,持续10天,且每隔一天测定爪体积直至第21天。
表3:化合物A(每天每公斤体重3毫克)、甲胺蝶呤(每天每
公斤体重0.05毫克)以及其组合对患关节炎大鼠的爪发炎的抑制效
果
结果以发炎的平均抑制率表示,该抑制率以诱发后第10天与21天之间所包括的时间内右爪体积的曲线下面积(AUC)进行度量。每组的抑制百分率是相对于经媒剂治疗的大鼠的值计算的。结果是两个独立试验的平均值,每个实验每组具有5-6只动物。
表3的结果表明本发明的化合物A抑制大鼠中由实验性关节炎引起的发炎。此外,共同施用的MTX及化合物A使得效力相对于单独化合物A增加(34%),从而表明在经MTX治疗的患者中施用所述化合物的可行性。
表4:特立氟胺(每天每公斤体重3毫克)、甲胺蝶呤(每天每
公斤体重0.05毫克)以及其组合对患关节炎大鼠的爪发炎的抑制效
果
结果以发炎的平均抑制率表示,该抑制率以诱发后第10天与21天之间所包括的时间内右爪体积的曲线下面积(AUC)进行度量。每组的抑制百分率是相对于经媒剂治疗的大鼠的值计算的。结果是一个具有6只动物的试验的平均值。
共同施用的MTX及特立氟胺使得效力相对于单独特立氟胺增加(9%)。
根据试验结果,可得知本发明的DHODH抑制剂化合物(如特立氟胺)单独、以及与MTX组合显示出抗关节炎效果,但是却显示出明显减弱的肝毒性潜能,这使得本发明的组合(即(a)MTX及(b)本发明的DHODH抑制剂)从安全概况观点来说更具吸引力。
Claims (17)
1.一种组合产品,其包括(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)非肝毒性二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂,所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂为2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸、2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸、2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸、2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸、或者它们的可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合产品,其中所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂是2-(3′-乙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
3.如权利要求1所述的组合产品,其中所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂是2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合产品,其中所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂是2-(3′-环丙氧基-3,5-二氟联苯-4-基氨基)烟碱酸或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合产品,其中所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂是2-(3,5-二氟-3′-甲氧基联苯-4-基氨基)-5-甲基烟碱酸或其可药用的盐或N-氧化物。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的组合产品,其特征在于所述活性成分(a)及(b)构成单一药物组合物的一部分。
7.(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)如权利要求1至5中任一项所定义的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于同时、分 开或相继治疗易由二氢乳清酸脱氢酶的抑制而得到改善的病理病状或疾病。
8.如权利要求7所述的用途,其中所述病理病状或疾病选自类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、多发性硬化、韦格纳肉芽肿病、全身性红斑狼疮、牛皮癣以及肉状瘤病。
9.一种产品,其包括(a)甲胺蝶呤及(b)如权利要求1至5中任一项所定义的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂,所述产品用作同时、分开或相继用于治疗患有或易患如权利要求7或8所定义的病理病状或疾病的人类或动物患者的组合制剂。
10.如权利要求9所述的产品,其还包括活性化合物(c),该活性化合物(c)选自;
(i)抗TNF-α单克隆抗体;
(ii)TNF-α拮抗剂;
(iii)钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂/INS表现抑制剂;
(iv)IL-1受体拮抗剂;
(v)抗CD20单克隆抗体;
(vi)p38抑制剂;
(vii)NF-κB活化抑制剂;
(viii)其它二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂;
(ix)Janus激酶抑制剂;
(x)MEK抑制剂;以及
(xi)神经鞘胺醇-1磷酸受体激动剂;
(xii)干扰素;
(xiii)免疫调节剂;
(xiv)腺苷脱胺酶抑制剂。
11.如权利要求10所述的产品,其中:
(i)所述抗TNF-α单克隆抗体选自英利昔单抗、塞妥珠单抗、戈利木单抗、阿达木单抗以及来自Applied Molecular Evolution公司的AME-527;
(ii)所述TNF-α拮抗剂选自依那西普、来那西普、奥那西普以及培那西普;
(iii)所述钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂/INS表现抑制剂选自环孢素A、他克莫司及来自Isotechnika公司的ISA-247;
(iv)所述IL-1受体拮抗剂选自阿那白滞素及来自Amgen公司的AMG-719;
(v)所述抗CD20单克隆抗体选自利妥昔单抗、奥法姆单抗、奥利珠单抗以及来自Trubion Pharmaceuticals公司的TRU-015;
(vi)所述p38抑制剂选自AMG-548、ARRY-797、乙二磺酸氯美噻唑、多拉莫德、PS-540446、SB-203580、SB-242235、SB-235699、SB-281832、SB-681323、SB-856553、KC-706、LEO-1606、LEO-15520、SC-80036、SD-06、RWJ-67657、RO-3201195、RO-4402257、AVE-9940、SCIO-323、SCIO-469、TA-5493以及VX-745及VX-702;
(vii)所述NF-κB活化抑制剂选自柳氮磺吡啶及埃拉莫德;
(viii)所述其它二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂选自氨基蝶呤及来自Chelsea公司的CH-1504;
(ix)所述Janus激酶抑制剂选自来自Pfizer公司的CP-690、CP-550及来自Incyte公司的INCB-18424;
(x)所述MEK抑制剂选自来自Array公司的ARRY-162;以及
(xi)所述神经鞘胺醇-1磷酸受体激动剂为来自Novartis公司的芬戈莫德;
(xii)所述干扰素选自干扰素β1a和干扰素β1b;
(xiii)所述免疫调节剂为来自Biogen Idec/Fumapharm AG公司的BG-12;
(xiv)所述腺苷脱胺酶抑制剂为来自Merck Serono公司的克拉屈滨。
12.一种包装品,其包括(b)如权利要求1至5中任一项所定义的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂及(a)甲胺蝶呤,所述包装用于同时、分开或相继治疗如权利要求7或8所定义的病理病状或疾病。
13.如权利要求12所述的包装品,其还包括如权利要求10或11所定义的活性化合物(c)。
14.包含(a)甲氨蝶呤和(b)如权利要求1至5中任一项所定义的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂的组合用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于同时、分开或相继治疗易由二氢乳清酸脱氢酶的抑制而得到改善的病理病状或疾病,其中所述药物用于治疗患有或易患肝损伤或由肝毒性加重的病状的人类或动物患者。
15.如权利要求14所述的用途,其中所述病理病状或疾病选自类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、多发性硬化、韦格纳肉芽肿病、全身性红斑狼疮、牛皮癣以及肉状瘤病。
16.如权利要求14或15所述的用途,其中所述由肝毒性加重的病理病状或疾病是肝纤维化、肝炎、肝硬化或肝癌。
17.如权利要求16所述的用途,其中所述甲胺蝶呤(a)旨在以这样的剂量方案施用,该剂量方案包括每周每公斤体重施用0.015至3毫克的甲胺蝶呤,并且所述二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂(b)旨在以这样的剂量方案施用,该剂量方案包括:每天每公斤体重施用0.03至30毫克的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂。
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EP08382022A EP2135610A1 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Combination comprising DHODH inhibitors and methotrexate |
EP08382022.5 | 2008-06-20 | ||
PCT/EP2009/004404 WO2009153043A1 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-18 | Combinations comprising methotrexate and dhodh inhibitors |
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US (1) | US8865728B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2135610A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5507551B2 (zh) |
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2017
- 2017-10-31 HR HRP20171667TT patent/HRP20171667T1/hr unknown
- 2017-11-08 CY CY20171101170T patent/CY1119643T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (3)
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WO2003006425A3 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-11-27 | 4Sc Ag | Novel compounds as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-proliferatory agents |
WO2005075410A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Active Biotech Ab | New compounds, methods for their preparation and use thereof |
WO2008077639A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Laboratorios Almirall, S.A. | Amino nicotinic and isonicotinic acid derivatives as dhodh inhibitors |
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