CN102061778B - A kind of eco-house and construction method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of eco-house and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
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Abstract
A kind of eco-house and construction method thereof, relate to building construction technology field, the structure of specifically a kind of environmental protection of finger, energy-conservation, eco-house, and it comprises the agent structure in house, material, servicing unit and construction method thereof.Eco-house comprises toft, the wall base and agent structure and lavatory is formed, and described agent structure is made up of two layers or three layers, and wherein, one deck is in underground or semi-underground.Roof is arranged wind power generation plant and collection hot water apparatus, or new Chinese tiled roof system and Xin Hanwa wall system or at least one window arranged outside one solar energy film generating element.Described roof, body of wall, internal partition wall adopt the materials for wall of high-performance light honeycomb composite plate, have energy-conservation, material-saving, save land, economize on water, the function of health environment-friendly.Construction adopts baking-free brick-making technique, integration module, and more than 85% workload completes in factory, and construct fast 7-10 doubly than cement brick, the duration shortens 4/5, and monolithic architecture cost is low, and cost performance is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of house construction, in particular to a structure of an environment-friendly, energy-saving and ecological house, which comprises a main body structure, materials, auxiliary devices and a construction method of the main body structure, the materials and the auxiliary devices.
Background
According to the report: a new house is introduced from other places by the country cooperative of Lankao, and the house is proud to be called an ecological house by the country cooperative of Lankao. The house is called an ecological house because the house is covered without bricks, cement and tiles; the steel frame, the bamboo raft and the mud are used, and all the materials can be recycled, so that the ecological house is called.
"ecology" is a natural environment in which human life cannot be isolated. "house" is the actual environmental content of a dwelling, and is also the content related to the scope of the house, such as the attributes, combinations, scale and arrangement, structure, materials, environmental controls and equipment, indoor furniture, etc. of the space, which is the field of living space.
In fact, according to the land ethics, the existing ecological house technology does not lack the structures of grass, wood, stone, bamboo, mud, straw and the like which are constructed according to local conditions and local materials. And, report certain ecological house scientific and technological development limited's ecological house in Tianjin city, the research succeeded in using power plant waste fly ash as the main raw material for producing novel building materials, using cement as gelling agent, using air foam produced by the high-pressure foaming machine and foaming agent developed independently as light, heat-insulating, sound-insulating filling material, etc. However, whether these "ecological houses" meet the firmness of modern buildings, the overall requirements of fire prevention, shock resistance, moth prevention, mildew prevention, sound insulation and the like, and the problems of standardization, overall efficiency and the like exist in the utilization of new energy or construction. Particularly, the requirements of saving resources, recycling resources, reducing long-term living cost and prolonging the service life of the house according to the new sustainable ecological house construction requirements of China for implementing the house industry policy of 'four sections and one environment protection' in China are all insufficient.
In addition, authoritative data of construction departments show that the energy consumption of the existing buildings becomes the largest energy consumption component in China, 99 percent of the built buildings with the height of 400 hundred million square meters are high-energy-consumption buildings, and the peak period of electricity consumption is equivalent to the full load output of 10 three gorges power stations. The solar energy heat utilization is taken as the key field of renewable energy development by putting requirements on the national renewable energy medium and long term development plan. Meanwhile, the newly added building area in China can reach 16-19 hundred million square meters every year, and the newly added building area is estimated to be about 300 hundred million square meters in China by 2020. Is the largest building market in the world. At present, the energy consumption of buildings accounts for 27.5 percent of the total energy consumption of the whole country, and the energy-saving potential of civil buildings is huge. As an example, in the solar building integration forum, the industry authority proposes: although China already takes building energy conservation and emission reduction as an important strategic task. The building and the building unit with the condition of utilizing renewable energy resources are required to select proper renewable energy resources for heating, lighting, hot water supply and the like, but the photoelectric or photothermal application to buildings has low space utilization rate of overall roofing resources and building blocks, and is not fully integrated with the buildings. "
Technical content
The invention aims to overcome the integral requirements of fire prevention, shock resistance, moth prevention, mildew prevention, sound insulation and the like in the prior art, overcome the defects and defects of normalization, integral efficiency, efficiency and the like in the utilization or construction of new energy, and improve the integration of solar buildings, and provides an environment-friendly, energy-saving and ecological house structure and a construction method thereof.
An ecological house comprises a house base, a wall base, a main structure and a toilet, wherein the main structure further comprises a roof, a wall body, an inner partition wall, a door, a window and a water, electricity, gas and wind pipeline system.
The main structure is composed of two layers or three layers, wherein one layer is underground or semi-underground.
The roof, the wall body and the inner partition wall are made of high-performance light honeycomb composite board wall materials.
The light honeycomb composite board wall body with the main structure comprises an inner wall body, an outer wall body, a floor bearing plate, a slope top plate and the like, and is an embedded green integrated building body. Has the functions of saving energy, materials, land and water, and is healthy and environment-friendly.
Circular air convection windows with the diameter of about 30 cm are respectively arranged at the high parts of the gable walls at the east and west sides of the main body structure.
At present, some new energy-saving buildings in China usually utilize deep wells to collect ground source energy, the well digging cost is high, and common residents cannot bear the well digging cost.
The common sense tells people that the underground soil layer keeps constant temperature of 10-15 ℃ throughout the year, the building structure of the invention fully utilizes the ground source energy, and a PE pipeline with good heat conduction performance is buried in the position 1.5 meters underground to carry out indoor and underground air convection, thereby realizing heat energy exchange, wherein the outdoor temperature is minus 5 ℃ in winter, the indoor temperature is about 8 ℃, and the outdoor temperature is 35 ℃ in summer, and the indoor temperature is about 28 ℃. Therefore, the electric charge is saved, and the indoor air can be kept fresh. The underground temperature difference exchange technology is from Germany Berlin short-layer classical buildings. Therefore, the technology is adopted in the ecological house, and the cost is lower.
A large-caliber cold air ventilating pipeline for pumping underground cold air and reducing the temperature indoors in summer is arranged at the indoor roof beam; and a PE pipeline is buried at a position 1.5 meters underground.
The invention relates to an ecological house, wherein a wind power generation device and a non-pressure-bearing solar water heating device are arranged on a roof and are connected with an indoor heating pipeline.
Or the roof is provided with a new Chinese tile roof system integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building, and the wall body is provided with a new Chinese tile wall system integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building. The new Han tile comprises a CPC compound parabolic condenser and a silicon photocell assembly, wherein the silicon photocell assembly is arranged at the bottom of the CPC compound parabolic condenser, the silicon photocell assembly is connected with a storage battery, a heat exchange pipe is arranged below the CPC compound parabolic condenser or between adjacent CPC compound parabolic condensers, the heat exchange pipe is connected with a heat reservoir, and the periphery of the heat exchange pipe is provided with a heat insulation material. The advantages are that: the new Han tile integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building does not need to track sunlight, realizes photoelectric and photothermal synchronous homomorphic conversion by utilizing solar energy all the year around, and can simultaneously solve the problems of water resistance, heat insulation, wind resistance, cold resistance and decoration of a roof.
The window is a double-layer glass window and is provided with sun-shading and rain-shielding accessories.
A plurality of windows exposed to the sun are arranged into a large floor glass window.
The waterproof and breathable film is adopted for cutting and sealing seams of doors and windows.
And a solar thin film power generation element is arranged outside at least one window, and a power generation system of the solar thin film power generation element is connected with an external commercial power system.
The ecological house has negative ion paint coated to the inner sides of wall and inner partition wall to release negative ion, no bad smell, no toxicity, rich negative cation and breath function of regulating humidity.
The reflective heat insulation coating is coated on the outer side of the wall body, and the reflective heat insulation coating has strong reflection capability on visible light and infrared high-energy spectrum of the sun, so that solar radiation energy absorbed by the surface of an object is reduced, heat is directly blocked outside the wall body, and the temperature of the wall body is greatly reduced. The method has the advantages of simple construction, remarkable energy saving and low cost.
A waterproof breathable film is arranged between the roof, the wall and the panel and close to the outdoor side.
The invention relates to an ecological house, wherein a toilet is positioned on a ground layer and is a Sularb toilet invented in India: the device comprises a urinal, a water tank and two septic tanks, wherein each septic tank is 1.5 meters deep, and one side of each septic tank is arranged outdoors; the flushing pipeline of the water tank of the toilet is connected with the water reservoir of the roof and eave water collecting pipeline system. Only 1 to 1.5 liters of water are needed for one flush.
An ecological house is characterized in that a capillary network matched with an ecological air conditioner is arranged among a wall body, an inner partition wall and a panel close to the living side of people, and is connected with a cold supply pipeline and a hot supply pipeline.
The invention relates to a construction method of an ecological house
In residential buildings, the roof base is the most important, in common: compared with the traditional house foundation, the technical process of the invention is that the materials are locally obtained, and no reinforcing steel bars or concrete is used. Digging a foundation pit, uniformly stirring the dug soil with a curing agent on site, and then backing up the foundation pit, and building the house after 7 days.
The wall base is 20 cm higher, and a brick making process by using a high-strength waste coagulant is characterized in that: the utilization of industrial waste: various wastes can be used for making bricks; baking-free: a large amount of energy can be saved, the atmosphere is not polluted, and the environment is protected; no pollution: in the brick making process, no waste water and waste residue are discharged; protection of cultivated land: the soil outside the ploughed land can be used for making bricks; the production process is simple: the process is simple, a double-sided press is adopted for pressing, heating and steaming treatment are not needed, and water is added for protection for 5 days; the pile up neatly for 7 days, the intensity can reach 70%.
The construction method of the ecological house comprises the following steps: respectively cutting light honeycomb composite board wall materials of a roof, a wall and an inner partition wall according to the design construction drawing requirements;
water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines are pre-buried according to the pipeline design;
a waterproof breathable film is laid between the roof, the wall and the panel close to the outdoor side, and the waterproof breathable film is applied to the maintenance of the roof and the wall of a building based on DuPont Tyvek material, so that the invasion of natural factors such as wind, rain and the like can be blocked, and the air flow passing through the wall surface can be reduced, so that the heat loss and the air conditioner loss are reduced, and the energy-saving benefit is achieved. It provides a protective layer for the outer wall structure of the house, so that the house is prevented from being eroded by wind, cold, rain and snow.
A component, namely a capillary network, matched with an ecological air conditioner is laid among the wall body, the inner partition wall and the panel close to the living side of people.
And comprises the following steps: according to the design construction installation drawing, building a main body structure on the wall foundation and fixing the main body structure;
the roof is provided with a wind power generation device which is connected with an external commercial power system; the installation heat collecting water device is connected with an indoor heating pipeline;
or a new Chinese tile roofing system integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building is arranged on the roof, and a new Chinese tile wall surface system integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building is arranged on the wall and is respectively connected with the indoor heating pipeline and the external commercial power system;
the window is provided with a double-layer glass window and sunshade and rain-proof accessories;
and a plurality of large glass windows are arranged on the sun-facing windows.
And a solar thin film power generation element is arranged on the outer side of at least one window, and a power generation system of the solar thin film power generation element is connected with an external commercial power system.
The solar thin-film battery can be made into a flexible, foldable and rollable shape, so that the solar thin-film battery not only can be used as a street lamp, a garden lamp and a traffic indicating lamp, but also can be laid on doors, windows and roofs.
The solar thin film cell can also be embedded in a glass curtain wall of a high-rise building.
And sealing seams of the door and the window by adopting a waterproof breathable film.
The water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines are connected with the house according to the design and installation of the pipelines.
As mentioned above, based on the principle of environmental protection from dust and attributed to dust, the method takes local materials and is environment-friendly and energy-saving. The method integrates single ecological key technologies such as ecological building design, natural ventilation, building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization, green and environment-friendly building materials, indoor environment control improvement technology, resource recycling technology, greening configuration technology and the like. Such as: solar heating and solar water heating, adoption of a honeycomb light composite board and the like. Wherein,
the land saving: the self-weight per square is about 20 kilograms, and compared with the traditional building system, the building using area is increased by about 10 percent; energy conservation: compared with a 37-wall, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 65%; water conservation: the dry method installation operation is adopted, and the water is saved by 99 percent compared with the traditional building water; material saving: building materials such as roads, foundations and the like, local materials are used, and wastes are utilized; 99.99 percent of materials can be recycled; and achieve the following environmental protection: and implementing a 1SO14000 environment management system. The performance index is more prominent:
the method is safer: the earthquake resistance meets 8-grade set prevention requirements, can resist 11-grade typhoon, is rust-proof and corrosion-resistant, and has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention and fire resistance (meeting the national B1-grade flame retardant standard); the living safety of people is improved, and various earthquake-prone symptoms caused by earthquake-prone thoughts and earthquakes of people are eliminated.
More environment-friendly: the building block is made of local materials (a steel bar and cement-free house foundation), pollution-free construction, green and environment-friendly, and good in sound insulation effect. The novel assembly and disassembly can be carried out for many times, the utilization rate is high, and the value-keeping and value-adding performance is good.
More saves: the integrated module (including the capillary network) has good compatibility; more than 85% of workload is completed in a factory, the field installation is less than 10%, the wall system insertion assembly type dry construction can be faster by 7-10 times than the traditional building construction of cement bricks, and the construction period is shortened 4/5; the interior decoration is convenient; the whole building cost is low, and the sexual valence relative altitude is higher than traditional brick and mixes, and the competitiveness is stronger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological house according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a honeycomb composite panel component of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structural connection between the rooftop wind power generation device and the heat collecting and water collecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the roof and new Chinese tile roof system and the wall and new Chinese tile wall system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the window of the present invention partially connected to a solar thin film power generating element.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
an ecological house (as shown in figure 1) comprises a house base 1, a wall base 2, a main structure 3 and a toilet 4, wherein the main structure 3 further comprises a roof 31, a wall 32, an inner partition wall, a door, a window 33 and a water, electricity, gas and wind pipeline system,
the main structure 3 is characterized by comprising two layers or three layers, wherein the first layer is underground or semi-underground;
the roof 31, the wall 32 and the inner partition wall are a light honeycomb composite board wall (as shown in figure 2);
the air convection windows 34 (as shown in figure 1) are respectively arranged at the high positions of the gable walls at the east and west sides of the main body structure 3;
an air duct 341 is arranged along the inner side of the gable at the indoor roof beam and communicated with the PE pipeline on the underground layer.
The invention relates to an ecological house (as shown in figure 3), which is characterized in that a wind power generation device 311 and a heat collection water device 312 are arranged on a roof 31; the wind power generation device 311 is connected with an external commercial power system and the water heat collecting device 312 is connected with an indoor heating pipeline.
Alternatively (as shown in fig. 4), a new han tile roofing system 313 is arranged on the roof 31 and a new han tile wall system 321 is arranged on the wall 32; and the new Chinese tile roof system 313 and the new Chinese tile wall system 321 are respectively connected with an external electric supply system and an indoor heating pipeline.
The roof system comprises a glass cover, a CPC condenser, a silicon photocell, a heat exchanger, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer, a bottom plate, a breathable layer, a radiation-reflecting layer, a waterproof layer and a structural layer. It realizes synchronous integrated photoelectric and photothermal conversion to meet the requirements of people in buildings for lighting and hot water. The inexhaustible solar energy is efficiently utilized, and the effective space resources of the roof are fully exerted. The new Han tile is a green multifunctional building with the functions of active energy saving, energy storage and energy supply.
The wall body of the Xinqin brick comprises: transparent cover surface, ACPC condenser, hot water heat collector, air heat collecting cavity, silicon surface inclination angle, silicon photocell subassembly.
The method is applied to various vertical surfaces of east, southeast, south, southwest and west of various buildings in cities and countryside. The inexhaustible solar energy is efficiently utilized to realize photoelectric conversion so as to obtain the requirements of people in the building on the domestic electricity. Compared with the existing silicon photocell, the efficiency is improved by more than 4 times, and the cost is reduced by more than 50%.
The wall body of the Xinqin brick has the heat supply function, can adjust the indoor temperature and provide domestic hot water. The wall structure of "Xinqin brick" is waterproof, wind-resistant, heat-insulating and cold-resisting for building facade. The application of the wall surface system of the Xinqin brick expands the space resources of the peripheral surface of the building for generating electricity and supplying heat by utilizing solar energy.
Alternatively (as shown in fig. 5), a solar thin film power generation unit 341 is disposed outside at least one window 34 and connected to the external utility power system.
The thin-film silicon battery has the characteristics of less material consumption, low cost, incomparable weak light response and small high-temperature influence compared with a polycrystalline silicon battery, so that the thin-film silicon battery has the irreplaceable advantage in the aspects of photovoltaic building integration and main application of a photovoltaic power station.
The solar energy of the glass film with the area of 1.1 multiplied by 1.4 square meters can be used for 4 LED fluorescent lamps and the electric energy consumed by one refrigerator.
Or the amorphous thin-film solar cell is directly generated on the thin steel sheet, and the steel sheet can be cut at will.
The inner sides of the wall body 32 and the inner partition wall are coated with negative ion coatings.
The outer side of the wall 32 is coated with reflective heat-insulating coating.
The window 34 is a double-glazed window and is provided with sun-shading and rain-shielding accessories.
There are several windows 34 facing the sun, arranged as a large floor glass window.
A DuPont TYVEK Tyvek strong waterproof breathable film 322 (shown in figure 2) is laid among the roof 31, the wall 32 and the panel.
The door and window 34 is cut and sealed by waterproof and breathable film.
A DuPont TYVEK Tyvek strong waterproof breathable film is another innovation brought by DuPont company for the field of buildings. The special fiber structure can provide unique vapor permeability while blocking the invasion of wind and rain to the building structure and enhancing the air tightness and water tightness of the building, and is used for rapidly discharging water vapor in the enclosure structure, effectively avoiding the formation of mould and condensation and protecting the thermal power performance of the enclosure structure, thereby achieving the effects of saving energy consumption, improving the durability of the building and enclosing human living environment.
The invention relates to an ecological house (as shown in figure 1), which is characterized in that a toilet 4 is positioned on a ground floor, and the 'Sularb' toilet invented in India: the device comprises a urinal, a water tank and two septic tanks, wherein each septic tank is 1.5 meters deep, and one side of each septic tank is arranged outdoors; the flushing pipeline of the water tank of the toilet is connected with the water reservoir of the roof and eave water collecting pipeline system. Because the septic tank is designed uniquely, the whole toilet has no smell and no pollution. The two manure storage tanks are used for storing manure in turn, wherein each manure storage tank can be used by 1 family of 5 people for about 4 years. When the first manure storage tank is full, the second manure storage tank can be used instead. During the use of the second manure pit, manure stored in the first manure pit has been converted into fertilizer for growing crops. Only 1 to 1.5 liters of water are needed for one flush.
An ecological house (as shown in figure 2) is characterized in that a capillary network which is a component matched with an ecological air conditioner is laid among a wall body 32, an inner partition wall and a panel and is close to the living side of people, and the capillary network is connected with a cold supply pipeline and a hot supply pipeline.
The title of the scientific and technological development promotion center of the Ministry of construction is significant to the significance of the capillary network heat exchanger on the aspects of saving energy, reducing emission, reducing consumption and improving the quality of houses. From the German technology, the energy-saving air conditioner is combined with an ecological home sewage energy recycling system, and can save more than 70% of energy compared with the conventional central air conditioner.
Compared with the traditional radiator when the capillary network is only used as the radiator, the engineering example is as follows: according to the test result of an authoritative department and a large number of engineering practices, the heat (cold) dissipating capacity of the capillary network with the distance of 20mm per square meter is 10 w/DEG C temperature difference (average temperature of supply water and return water-room temperature). Calculated in a 100m2 room, heat load 5Kw, design temperature 20 ℃. If the return water temperature of the traditional radiator, namely 60 degrees, is taken as the water supply temperature of the capillary network radiator, and the return water temperature is 57 degrees, the heat dissipation capacity per square meter is 385W. Considering the factors such as shading and the like, 80 percent, and calculating the capillary network paving area S which is 5000/385/0.8 which is 16 square meters. Namely, the heat dissipation requirement can be met by paving the 16 square meter capillary network, and the cost is 3520 yuan per square meter according to the market price of 220 yuan per square meter and is reduced to 35.2 yuan per square meter. If some auxiliary equipment is considered, the comprehensive cost is about 4500 yuan, which is equivalent to 45 yuan per square meter. The common radiator has a slightly better quality of more than 80 yuan per square meter, is matched with fine decoration, and has the comprehensive cost of about 10000 yuan by adding some special valves, auxiliary materials, construction and the like. 100 yuan per square meter; as can be seen from the above, if the capillary network is only used as a radiator, the manufacturing cost is about 55% lower than that of the traditional radiator.
The invention relates to a construction method of an ecological house, which is characterized in that a house foundation 1 is made of local materials without reinforcing steel bars and concrete, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
digging a foundation pit;
the dug soil is stirred evenly by a curing agent on site;
backing up the foundation pit;
after 7 days, the house can be built.
The wall base is 2 cm higher than the wall base by 20 cm, and a brick making process by adopting a high-strength waste coagulant comprises the following steps:
pressing with a double-sided press, without heating and steaming, adding water for protection for 5 days;
the pile up neatly for 7 days, the intensity can reach 70%.
The invention relates to a construction method of an ecological house, which comprises the following steps:
and respectively cutting the light honeycomb composite wall body materials of the roof 31, the wall body 32 and the inner partition wall according to the design construction drawing requirements.
And pre-buried water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines are laid according to the pipeline design.
And a waterproof breathable film is laid between the roof 31, the wall and the panel and close to the outdoor side.
And a capillary network is laid among the wall body 32, the inner partition wall and the panel close to the living side.
A construction method of an ecological house comprises the following steps:
according to design construction and installation drawings, a main body structure 3 is built on the wall foundation 2 and fixed.
The roof 31 is provided with a wind power generation device 311 connected with an external commercial power system; the installation heat collecting water device 312 is connected with an indoor heating pipeline;
or, a new Chinese tile roof system 313 integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building is installed on the roof 31, and a new Chinese tile wall system 321 integrating solar energy comprehensive utilization and building is installed on the wall 32 and is respectively connected with the indoor heating pipeline and the external commercial power system.
The window 33 is provided with a double-layer glass window and sun-shading and rain-shielding accessories.
Several sun-facing windows 33 are fitted with large glass windows.
And a solar thin film power generation element 331 is arranged outside at least one window 33, and the power generation system of the solar thin film power generation element is connected with an external commercial power system.
The door and the window 33 are cut and sealed by adopting a waterproof breathable film.
According to the design of pipelines, the device is installed and connected with water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines of a house.
In conclusion, the invention meets the higher standards of saving resources, recycling resources, reducing long-term living cost and prolonging the life of the house based on the implementation of the 'four-section one-environment-friendly' house industry policy in China and the new sustainable ecological house construction requirements in China, and improves the product value of the house from a long-term perspective. Simultaneously according to the following steps:
"New countryside": the dynamic concept of unbalanced development and diversified demand is developed in China, the biggest developing country in the world and the process of comprehensively realizing the well-being society.
"ecological home": is a community or a neighborhood and comprises public facilities of partial distributed energy supply modes and the like.
"healthy house": a house which is basically consistent with the basic ideas of making the residents more comfortable and healthy comprises partial household facilities, the function of preventing house diseases and the like.
Based on the principle of environmental protection from dust and due to dust, the method takes local materials and is environment-friendly and energy-saving. The method integrates single ecological key technologies such as ecological building design, natural ventilation, building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization, green and environment-friendly building materials, indoor environment control improvement technology, resource recycling technology, greening configuration technology and the like. Such as: solar heating and solar water heating, adoption of a honeycomb light composite wall body and the like.
Wherein, the land saving: the self-weight per square is about 20 kilograms, and compared with the traditional building system, the building using area is increased by about 10 percent; energy conservation: compared with a 37-wall, the energy consumption is reduced by more than 65%; water conservation: the dry method installation operation is adopted, and the water is saved by 99 percent compared with the traditional building water; material saving: building materials such as roads, foundations and the like, local materials are used, and wastes are utilized; 99.99 percent of materials can be recycled; and achieve the following environmental protection: and implementing a 1SO14000 environment management system. The performance index is more prominent:
the method is safer: the earthquake resistance meets 8-grade set prevention requirements, can resist 11-grade typhoon, is rust-proof and corrosion-resistant, and has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention and fire resistance (meeting the national B1-grade flame retardant standard); the living safety of people is improved, and various earthquake-prone symptoms caused by earthquake-prone thoughts and earthquakes of people are eliminated.
More environment-friendly: the building block is made of local materials (a steel bar and cement-free house foundation), pollution-free construction, green and environment-friendly, and good in sound insulation effect. The novel assembly and disassembly can be carried out for many times, the utilization rate is high, and the value-keeping and value-adding performance is good.
More saves: the integrated module (including the capillary network) has good compatibility; more than 85% of workload is completed in a factory, the field installation is less than 10%, the wall system insertion assembly type dry construction can be faster by 7-10 times than the traditional building construction of cement bricks, and the construction period is shortened 4/5; the interior decoration is convenient; the whole building cost is low, and the sexual valence relative altitude is higher than traditional brick and mixes, and the competitiveness is stronger.
Meanwhile, the technology of patents including domestic and foreign technologies such as 'Sularbu' in India, quick installation and cost saving are integrated, the design and construction of all walls are required to be capable of protecting the interior of a building from the influence of external weather, ensuring that wind and rain cannot permeate, avoiding internal condensation, achieving the high density of Dupont 'Tewei' with the least heat loss and completely recycling the polyethylene material.
For example, German people's environmental protection concept, the use of solar energy for power generation is not reduced and is unnecessary. The utilization of solar energy does not reduce the resources of the earth and cause environmental pollution, and is incomparable with any chemical raw materials.
The integration of solar energy and buildings is a necessary trend for the development of the solar photo-thermal field in the future. There has been a calculation that 1% of the construction cost is used to solve the 10% energy consumption requirement, that is, the cost of solar building integration is only about 1% of the total building increment cost, and the cost of 20 yuan to 50 yuan is added per square meter, so that the total hot water requirement of a high-rise building can be permanently solved.
Particularly, the solar power generation can also be a new concept for poverty alleviation and support for new rural construction nowadays. Therefore, the invention applies the solar energy film power generation technology system to the construction of the ecological house in the new countryside for the first time in China.
Accordingly, we cannot only consider the cost during construction, and should account for the cost according to the life cycle of the building. In the past, the method for accounting the cost of the design and the cost of the construction phase in the construction is not consistent with the view point of sustainable development. Costs should be accounted for according to the life cycle of the building, in this regard, it is more cost effective if solar energy is used, since the use phase is longer compared to the construction phase and the use phase of the building, which have several phases, while solar energy is inexhaustible.
In 2008, the area of the house is 32.4 square meters for all people in countryside, wherein the brick house and the tile house and the reinforced concrete structure house account for 87.3 percent. According to the data of the national statistical bureau, assuming that the reduced current price of housing in rural areas is 800 yuan per square meter, the total value of housing of farmers in the country is 18.66 trillion yuan.
And a brand new concept of 'solar energy' and 'building' are combined into a whole, standardized and industrially manufactured 'product', an integrated module prefabricated combined production mode and matched technical devices are adopted, and a material technical basis is provided for the construction of a new socialist countryside with Chinese characteristics by aiming at 'buying and using by countryside users' for the realization of an ecological homeland and a healthy house adapting to the purchasing power of the countryside at present. Particularly, in China, the promotion of 'new rural area, ecological home and healthy house', the 'running for well in rural area and the key to see housing', is the best way to the modernization basic work.
Claims (4)
1. An ecological house comprises a house foundation (1), a wall foundation (2), a main body structure (3), a toilet (4), a roof (31), a wall body (32), an inner partition wall, a door, a window (33) and a water, electricity, gas and wind pipeline system, and is characterized in that the main body structure (3) consists of two layers or three layers, wherein the first layer is underground or semi-underground;
the roof (31), the wall body (32) and the inner partition wall are made of light honeycomb composite boards;
the air convection windows (34) are respectively arranged at the high parts of the gable walls at the east and west sides of the main body structure (3); a ventilating duct (341) is arranged along the inner side of the gable at the indoor roof beam and communicated with the PE pipeline on the underground layer;
a wind power generation device (311) and a heat collection water device (312) are arranged on the roof (31); the wind power generation device (311) is connected with an external commercial power system, and the water collecting device (312) is connected with an indoor heating pipeline;
or a new Han tile roofing system (313) is arranged on the roof (31) and a new Han tile wall system (321) is arranged on the wall body (32); the new Chinese tile roof system (313) and the new Chinese tile wall system (321) are respectively connected with an external electric supply system and an indoor heating pipeline;
a solar thin film power generation unit (331) is arranged on the outer side of at least one window (33) and is connected with an external commercial power system;
the inner sides of the wall body (32) and the inner partition wall are coated with negative ion coatings; the outer side of the wall body (32) is coated with a reflective heat-insulating coating;
the window (33) is a double-layer glass window and is provided with sun-shading and rain-shielding accessories; a plurality of windows (33) facing the sun are arranged as a large floor glass window; a waterproof ventilated membrane (322) is arranged at the outer side near the space between the roof (31), the wall (32) and the panel; the waterproof and breathable film is adopted for cutting and sealing seams of doors and windows (33);
the toilet (4) is positioned on the ground floor and is a 'Sula cloth' toilet: two septic tanks are arranged, each septic tank is 1.5 meters deep, and one side of each septic tank is arranged outdoors; the flushing pipeline of the toilet is connected with the reservoir of the roof and eave water collecting pipeline system;
a capillary network is arranged on the living side of the wall body (32), the inner partition wall and the panel and is connected with the cold supply pipeline and the hot air pipeline.
2. The construction method of an ecological house as claimed in claim 1, wherein the house foundation (1) "is made of local materials without using steel bars and concrete", and comprises the steps of:
digging a foundation pit;
the dug soil is stirred evenly by a curing agent on site;
backing up the foundation pit;
building a house after 7 days;
the wall base (2) is 20 cm higher, and a brick making process by using a high-strength waste coagulant comprises the following steps: pressing with a double-sided press, without heating and steaming, adding water for protection for 5 days;
the pile up neatly for 7 days, the intensity can reach 70%.
3. The construction method of an ecological house as claimed in claim 2, comprising the steps of: respectively cutting the lightweight honeycomb composite board wall materials of a roof (31), a wall (32) and an inner partition wall according to the design construction drawing requirements; according to the design of pipelines, water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines are laid in advance; a waterproof breathable film is laid between the roof (31), the wall and the panel and close to the outer side; and a capillary network is laid among the wall body (32), the inner partition wall and the panel close to the living side.
4. The construction method of an ecological house as claimed in claim 2, comprising the steps of:
according to design construction and installation drawings, a main body structure (3) is built on a wall base (2) and is fixed;
a wind power generation device (311) is arranged on the roof (31) and is connected with an external commercial power system; a heat collecting water device (312) is arranged to be connected with an indoor heating pipeline;
or a new Han tile roof system (313) is installed on the roof (31) and a new Han tile wall system (321) is installed on the wall (32) and is respectively connected with the indoor heating pipeline and the external commercial power system;
a double-layer glass window and sun-shading and rain-shielding accessories are arranged on the window (33); and a plurality of sun-facing windows (33) are provided with large glass windows;
a solar thin film power generation element (331) is arranged outside at least one window (33) and is connected with an external commercial power system;
sealing seams of the door and the window (33) by adopting a waterproof breathable film;
according to the design of pipelines, the device is installed and connected with water, electricity, gas and wind pipelines of a house.
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| CN104514228A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-15 | 浙江宝业建设集团有限公司 | Large-chassis multi-tower building construction method and structure |
| CN106051972A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-10-26 | 青岛海川建设集团有限公司 | Solar energy absorption type air-conditioning system construction process |
| WO2020006747A1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | 陈凯 | Honeycomb prefabricated building |
| CN115059173A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆市聚晟建筑设计有限责任公司 | Ecological energy-saving system for building |
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| CN1429961A (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-16 | 赵冰 | Combined multifunction stereo ecological building |
| CN201285123Y (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-05 | 杜娟 | Full-water capillary network air conditioning system |
| CN201330476Y (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-10-21 | 徐诵舜 | Novel Han tile integrating comprehensive utilization of solar energy and building |
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| CN2667878Y (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-01-05 | 刘守中 | Ecological greenhouse |
| KR100688070B1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-02-28 | 김윤세 | Hybrid Generation Systems using Solar and Wind Energy |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1429961A (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-16 | 赵冰 | Combined multifunction stereo ecological building |
| CN201285123Y (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2009-08-05 | 杜娟 | Full-water capillary network air conditioning system |
| CN201330476Y (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-10-21 | 徐诵舜 | Novel Han tile integrating comprehensive utilization of solar energy and building |
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