CN102033278A - 构造成将光纤连接面板布置在光纤周界内的光纤终端及有关方法 - Google Patents

构造成将光纤连接面板布置在光纤周界内的光纤终端及有关方法 Download PDF

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CN102033278A
CN102033278A CN2010102995016A CN201010299501A CN102033278A CN 102033278 A CN102033278 A CN 102033278A CN 2010102995016 A CN2010102995016 A CN 2010102995016A CN 201010299501 A CN201010299501 A CN 201010299501A CN 102033278 A CN102033278 A CN 102033278A
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optical fiber
optical
fibre
fiber
optic terminus
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CN102033278B (zh
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S·曹
G·J·卡斯顿圭
B·代
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Corning Research and Development Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441—Boxes
    • G02B6/445—Boxes with lateral pivoting cover
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光纤终端，包括：具有内室的基座，内室构造成接收至少一网络侧光纤和多根用户侧光纤；位于基座中的多个光纤布线导向件，所述导向件定义基座内室中的光纤周界；构造成盖在基座上的终端盖；及位于终端盖内表面上的至少一光纤连接面板，构造成当终端盖盖在基座上时位于所述光纤周界内，多个光纤布线导向件构造成布设至少一网络侧光纤和/或多根用户侧光纤，及至少一网络侧光纤提供在网络侧光缆中，及多根用户侧光纤提供在用户侧光缆中。本发明的优点在于，将光纤布在光纤周界周围在终端盖盖上时为将光纤连接面板布置在光纤终端中提供空间。

Description

构造成将光纤连接面板布置在光纤周界内的光纤终端及有关方法
技术领域
本发明涉及光纤终端。光纤终端可包括但不限于局部会聚点(LCP)和光纤分布终端(FDT)。
背景技术
为向用户提供提高的性能，通信和数据网络日益采用光纤。光纤的优点众所周知并包括更高的信噪比和增大的带宽。为进一步提高性能，光纤网络日益始终向终端用户提供光纤连通性。这些倡议包括各种光纤到楼宇(FTTP)、光纤到家(FTTH)及其它倡议(总称为FTTx)。在这方面，图1示出了示例性的光纤网络10。光纤网络10在由馈线光缆14组成的分布网络13上从交换点12提供光信号。光信号可在馈线光缆14上携载到局部会聚点(LCP)16。LCP16用作汇总点，用于接合和进行交叉连接及互相连接，以及为耦合器和分光器提供位置。光缆18如分布光缆离开LCP 16以在光缆10和用户楼宇20之间传送光信号。典型的用户楼宇20包括单住户单元(SDU)、多住户单元(MDU)、商业场所、和/或其它设施或建筑。
由于LCP 16通常构造成服务于多个楼宇20，离开LCP 16的光缆18通常延伸到一个或多个中间光纤分布终端(FDT)22。FDT 22通过向多组用户楼宇20提供到光纤网络10的网络接入点而有助于FTTx应用。到用户楼宇20的光学互连通常经在FDT 22内与光缆18光学互连的室内/室外分支光缆24提供。FDT 22还为技术人员或其它安装人员提供汇总位置以在分支光缆24和光缆18之间进行接合并保护接合，而不是在零星位置进行接合。
在光纤终端中，包括LCP和FDT，光纤终端的大小是考虑的因素。光纤终端的大小必须适合处理所希望数量的用户，也称为用户容量。例如，光纤终端内的内部空间需要能够容纳光缆及其延伸到光纤终端内的光纤以实现所希望的用户容量。光纤终端内的内部空间还需要能够容纳必要的光学互连部件以为所希望的用户容量建立光学连接。还可能希望将光纤松弛储存在光纤终端内以使能更容易地在光纤终端内进行光纤接合和/或其它连接。然而，在光纤终端中提供松弛储存也需要提供内部空间，这可干预光学互连部件所需要的内部空间。一种解决方案是增加光纤终端的大小以增加光纤终端内的内部空间。然而，增加光纤终端的大小可能不可能或不合需要。光纤终端的大小可能受限。对于作为例子的MDU应用尤其如此，其中可用于坐落光纤终端的房地产有限。
发明内容
详细描述中公开的实施例包括用于建立光学连接的光纤终端。在一实施例中，提供包括具有内室的基座的光纤终端。内室构造成接收至少一网络侧光纤和多根用户侧光纤。光纤终端还包括终端盖，其构造成盖在基座上以阻止接近内室。多个光纤布线导向件布置在光纤终端的基座中并形成基座内室中的光纤周界以使网络侧和/或用户侧光纤能布在光纤周界周围。至少一光纤连接面板布置在终端盖的内表面上以在网络侧和用户侧光纤之间建立光学连接。光纤连接面板布置在终端盖的内表面上使得当终端盖盖在基座上时，光纤连接面板构造成将布置在基座中的光纤周界内。这样，光纤布在基座的光纤周界周围在终端盖盖在基座上时为将光纤连接面板布置在光纤终端中提供空间。该结构可允许更大数量的光纤及在给定空间的光纤终端中实现对其进行的光学连接。
其它光学部件，包括但不限于分光器，也可布置在终端盖的内表面上使得在终端盖盖在基座上时这些光学部件布置在光纤周界内。光纤布线导向件还使能在光纤终端中进行光纤的松弛储存。在光纤终端中提供光纤的松弛储存可使技术人员能更容易地与布置在光纤终端中的光纤建立光学连接。
在另一实施例中，提供用于将用户侧光纤光学连接到光纤网络的方法。该方法包括提供光纤终端。在一实施例中，所提供的光纤终端如前面的段落中所述，其中布置在光纤终端的基座中的多个光纤布线导向件形成光纤周界，网络侧和/或用户侧光纤可布在光纤周界周围。至少一网络侧光纤和多根用户侧光纤提供在光纤终端中。至少一网络侧光纤连接到布置在光纤连接面板中的至少一输入光纤适配器，光纤连接面板布置在用于光纤终端的终端盖的内表面上。多根用户侧光纤中的一根或多根连接到布置在光纤连接面板中的多个输出光纤适配器中的一个或多个。当终端盖盖在光纤终端的基座上时光纤连接面板布置在光纤周界内。
光纤终端可用于帮助在光纤网络和终端用户之间提供直接或中间光学连接。在此公开的光纤终端可用于任何类型的光纤终端，包括但不限于局部会聚点(LCP)和光纤分布终端(FDT)。在此公开的光纤终端可用于任何光纤分布应用，包括但不限于将光缆和光纤从光纤网络直接或间接布到终端用户。这包括但不限于各种光纤到楼宇(FTTP)、光纤到家(FTTH)、及其它光纤倡议(总称为FTTx)。用户楼宇包括但不限于单住户单元(SDU)、多住户单元(MDU)、商业场所、和/或其它设施或建筑。
另外的特征和优点将在下面的详细描述中提出，及部分对本领域技术人员显而易见或通过实施在此所述的实施例(包括下面的详细描述、权利要求及附图)认识到。
应当理解，前面的概括描述和下面的详细描述均给出实施方式且意于提供理解本发明实质和特征的概览或框架。包括附图以提供进一步理解，且其构成本说明书的一部分。附图示出了一个或多个实施例，连同在此进行的描述一起用于阐释本发明概念的原理和运行。
附图说明
图1示出了示例性的光纤网络，包括用于在光纤网络上传送光学信号的光纤终端。
图2为示例性光纤终端，具有在提供在光纤连接面板上的光纤适配器中示例性建立的光纤连接，光纤连接面板布置在光纤终端的终端盖的内表面上。
图3示出了图2的光纤终端在终端盖闭合时的情形。
图4示出了布置在图2的光纤终端的终端盖里面的光纤连接面板的侧视图。
图5示出了图2的光纤终端，其中示出了示例性输入尾光纤的接有连接器的端部到布置在光纤连接面板中的光纤适配器之间的光学连接，及示例性接有连接器的输入光纤从示例性分光器到光纤适配器的连接。
图6示出了图2的光纤终端，其中示出了示例性输出尾光纤的接有连接器的端部到布置在光纤连接面板中的光纤适配器之间的光学连接，及示例性接有连接器的输出光纤从示例性分光器到光纤适配器的连接。
图7为图2的光纤终端及其中进行的光纤连接的框图。
图8示出了图2的光纤终端，其中终端盖闭合并以透明形式示出以图示光纤连接面板布置在光纤终端内的光纤周界内。
图9示出了图2的光纤终端，其中示例性光纤盖布置在终端盖里面并打开。
图10示出了图2的光纤终端，其中图9中所示的光纤盖闭合。
图11示出了包括光纤终端的示例性多住户单元(MDU)，包括局部会聚点(LCP)和示例性的光纤分布终端(FDT)，及可包括图2的光纤终端，用于提供到终端用户的光纤连通性。
具体实施方式
现在将详细提及本发明的实施方式，其例子如附图所示，其中示出了部分但不是所有实施方式。实际上，本发明概念可以许多不同的形式体现，且不应视为限于此；而是，之所以提供这些实施例是为了使公开内容满足实用性法律要求。只要可能，同样的附图标记用于指同样或类似的部分。
详细描述中公开的实施例包括用于建立光学连接的光纤终端。在一实施例中，提供包括具有内室的基座的光纤终端。内室构造成接收至少一网络侧光纤和多根用户侧光纤。光纤终端还包括终端盖，其构造成盖在基座上以阻止接近内室。多个光纤布线导向件布置在光纤终端的基座中并形成基座内室中的光纤周界以使网络侧和/或用户侧光纤能布在光纤周界周围。至少一光纤连接面板布置在终端盖的内表面上以在网络侧和用户侧光纤之间建立光学连接。光纤连接面板布置在终端盖的内表面上使得当终端盖盖在基座上时，光纤连接面板构造成将布置在基座中的光纤周界内。这样，光纤布在基座的光纤周界周围在终端盖盖在基座上时为将光纤连接面板布置在光纤终端中提供空间。该结构可允许更大数量的光纤及在给定空间的光纤终端中实现对其进行的光学连接。
在此公开的光纤终端可用于任何类型的光纤终端，包括但不限于局部会聚点(LCP)和光纤分布终端(FDT)。例如，如果光纤终端构造为局部会聚点(LCP)，网络侧或上游光缆可以是来自中心局或交换点的馈线光缆。用户侧或下游光缆可以是分布光缆。如果光纤终端构造为光纤分布终端(FDT)，网络侧或上游光缆可以是分布光缆，及用户侧或下游光缆可以是分支光缆。之后，分支光缆可布到终端用户以用于FTTx应用。
在这点上，图2示出了根据本发明一实施例的光纤终端30的示例性实施例。光纤终端30在电信或数据网络中为现场技术人员提供方便的接入点以在网络侧和用户侧光缆之间安装和重配置光纤连接。光纤终端30构造成允许一根或多根光纤提供在一根或多根网络侧或上游光缆中以容易和不费力地与一根或多根用户侧或下游光缆中的一根或多根光纤互连。术语“用户侧”意为光纤、光缆或光学连接根据具体情况提供在终端用户和光纤终端30之间的任何地方。用户侧光缆、光纤或光学连接可直接提供给终端用户或可在到达终端用户之前提供给一个或多个中间光学终端或部件。术语“网络侧”意为光纤、光缆或光学连接根据具体情况提供在光纤网络、中心交换点、中心局等和光纤终端30之间。
在该实施例中，如下面将更详细描述的，光纤周界提供在光纤终端30中以使在光纤终端30关闭时光纤连接面板能布置在光纤周界内。这样，提供用于光纤连接面板的内部空间。其它光学部件也可布置在光纤周界内。该结构可允许更大数量的光纤及在给定大小的光纤终端30中实现对其进行的光学连接。
在这点上，图2中所示的光纤终端30包括基座32及铰接固定到基座32上并在其上打开的终端盖34。基座32和终端盖34可由刚性材料如铝、塑料或热塑性塑料制成。基座32和终端盖34用于在终端盖34盖在基座32上时封闭和保护光纤终端30的内部部件，如图3中所示。参考图2，终端盖在该实施例中为矩形，尽管其它形状也可以。在该实施例中，终端盖34在一个或多个铰接位置37处沿右侧壁36的上缘35铰接固定到类似形状的基座32(同样参见图3)。这样，当终端盖34从基座32打开时，终端盖34可绕铰接位置37旋转。为限制终端盖34从基座32打开的量，限制件33可连接在终端盖34和基座32之间(参见图5)。限制件33可以托架的形式提供，其具有规定的几何结构和长度以限制终端盖34的打开。
基座32还包括位于对侧并平行于右侧壁36的左侧壁38，两侧壁的端部均连接或互连到顶侧壁39和底侧壁40(参见图3)。右侧壁36、左侧壁38、顶侧壁39和底侧壁40或作为单独的件连接，或作为单片材料的部分折叠以布置在关于后壁41正交的平面中。这样，内室42形成在基座32内(参见图4)。内室42为网络侧和用户侧光缆及其中的光纤的布设和/或储存及在二者之间进行光学互连提供空间，包括通过可提供在光纤终端30中的任何中间光学部件进行光学互连，如接合盘、耦合器盘、及适配器，如下面将详细描述的那样。
继续参考图2和3，技术人员可打开终端盖34以接近光纤终端30的内室42，如安装或重配置光纤终端30内的光学互连。在完成之后，终端盖34可靠着基座32关闭以封闭光纤终端30因而阻止接近内室42。为将终端盖34固定到基座32，在该实施例中，基座32包含从左侧壁38朝向内室42延伸的唇缘44(如图6中所示)。终端盖34还包含可在键锁48(图3和5中所示)的控制下旋转的唇缘46(如图5中所示)。位于终端盖34中的唇缘46构造成当终端盖34盖在基座32上以将终端盖34固定到基座32时与位于基座32中的唇缘44互锁。在该例子中，如图3中所示，当终端盖34关闭时，光纤终端30具有430mm高度(H1)、400mm宽度(W1)和135mm深度(D1)的近似尺寸。然而，光纤终端30不限于这些尺寸及任何希望的尺寸均可能。
如图2中所示及在此详细所述，光纤终端30及其内部部件有助于在通过一根或多根网络侧光缆50和一根或多根用户侧光缆52提供的光纤之间进行光学连接以在终端用户和光缆之间建立连接。网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52可以是分布光缆。光纤终端30可特别适合高容量/密度光学连接。在这点上，如图2中所示，网络侧光缆50提供一根或多根网络侧光纤54，构造成光学连接到光纤网络以将光学信号送到光纤网络及从其接收光学信号。用户侧光缆52也包含一根或多根用户侧光纤56，构造成直接或通过一个或多个中间终端和/或其它光学部件延伸到终端用户或朝向终端用户延伸。因此，当网络侧光缆50中提供的网络侧光纤54在光纤终端30内光学连接到用户侧光缆52中提供的用户侧光纤56时，光学连接可在终端用户和光纤网络之间建立。
如在此所述，来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54和来自用户侧光缆52的一根或多根用户侧光纤56在光纤连接面板58处彼此光学连接。光纤连接面板58可以是包含或支撑多个光纤连接的面板或模块。在该实施例中，如图4中所示，光纤连接面板58包含一个或多个开口60以支撑一个或多个输入光纤适配器62和输出光纤适配器64(图2)从而支撑光纤连接。输入和输出光纤适配器62、64支持在来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54和来自用户侧光缆52的一根或多根用户侧光纤56之间进行光学连接。在这点上，如下面将详细所述，来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54将接合到网络侧接头内并光学连接到一个或多个输入光纤适配器62。来自用户侧光缆52的一根或多根用户侧光纤56将接合到用户侧接头内并光学连接到一个或多个输出光纤适配器64。输入和输出光纤适配器62、64在图2的实施例中为LC适配器，但可以是任何连接类型，包括但不限于SC、LC、MTP、FC、ST、MU或MTRJ。
在图4所示的实施例中，输入和输出光纤适配器62、64可安排成使得输入光纤适配器62(图2)可位于中心区域66A、66B中及输出光纤适配器64(图2)可位于光纤连接面板的外侧区域68A、68B中。光纤连接面板58可构造成在同一面板上提供输入和输出光纤适配器62、64以有助于容易初始安装或重配置光学连接。此外，位于光纤连接面板58中的任何光纤适配器及任何数量的光纤适配器可构造为输入或输出光纤适配器62、64以在安装或重配置光学连接时提供灵活性。光纤连接面板58还可构造成包括光纤存放区域69以为将要储存的光纤提供空间。当光纤延伸到终端用户但用户的光纤尚未被连接时存在这种情形。在该情形下，可能希望“存放”任何未连接的输入和/或输出光纤80、84(图2)以防止它们受到损害。此外，可提供一个以上光纤连接面板58，尽管图2中所示的光纤终端30只包含一个光纤连接面板58。
现在将描述关于光纤终端30有助于网络侧光纤54和用户侧光纤56之间的光学连接的进一步的细节。如图5和6中所示，光纤终端30经位于基座32中的相应光缆端口组件70、72接收网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52。输送管(未示出)也可布置在光缆端口组件70、72中并构造成接收网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52以提供应变消除。尽管只示出了一根网络侧光缆50和一根用户侧光缆52，应注意，光纤终端30可具有多个端口以接受并在多根网络侧光缆50和/或用户侧光缆52之间进行光学连接。
重新参考图2，为在来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54之间进行光学连接，网络侧光纤54在接合盘74中接合到网络接头77中的输入尾光纤76。输入尾光纤76的接有连接器的那一端78连接到输入光纤适配器62。输入光纤适配器62的另一端连接到输入光纤80，其为进入分光器82的输入。分光器82构造成经到输入光纤适配器62的连接将输入光纤80携载的光学信号拆分到多根接有连接器的输出光纤84。之后，一根或多根输出光纤84可连接到一个或多个输出光纤适配器64以光学连接到输出尾光纤86。输出尾光纤86经接合盘74接合到用户侧光缆52中的用户侧光纤56。这样，在网络侧光纤54和用户侧光纤56之间进行光学连接。
在光纤终端30中，提供两个分光器82。然而应注意，任何拆分结构均可由光纤终端30提供，包括提供一个或两个以上分光器82。其它分光器结构包括但不限于1×32、1×16、1×8和1×4。分光器结构取决于因素如网络侧光缆50的数量、用户侧光缆52的数量、光纤终端30中的可用空间、及输入和输出光纤适配器62、64的连接器类型。例如，对于SC连接器类型，光纤终端30可容纳一个用于总共32根输出光纤84的1×32分光器、或用于总共48根输出光纤84的三个1×16分光器、六个1×8分光器、或八个1×4分光器。对于总共96根输出光纤84，LC连接器类型可容纳三个1×32分光器、六个1×16分光器、或十二个1×8分光器。
为帮助或防止技术人员不正确地将输入光纤80安装到输出光纤适配器64内和/或将输出光纤84安装到输入光纤适配器62内，来自光纤终端30中的分光器82的输入光纤80和/或输出光纤84可被标记。其可通过不同颜色的光缆护套或护层进行标记，或通过其它可视标记如线、符号等。例如，如图2中所示，输入光纤80通过示为实线进行标记，其可以是任何类型的标记、着色或其它可视指示符的指示。同样，如图2中所示，代替输入光纤80的标记或除了输入光纤80的标记之外，可对输入光纤适配器62进行标记。输入光纤适配器62上的标记示为虚线，但可以是任何其它类型的标记。其它或类似的标记也可提供在输出光纤84和/或输出光纤适配器64上以使技术人员能区分输入光纤80和输出光纤84和/或区分输入光纤适配器62和输出光纤适配器64。此外，输入和输出光纤适配器62、64可与输入光纤80和/或输出光纤84(或输入光纤80和/或输出光纤84的接有连接器的端部上的光纤连接器)上提供的对应匹配键进行键接以防止输入光纤80连接到输出光纤适配器64和/或防止输出光纤84连接到输入光纤适配器62。
现在将结合图5和6描述光纤终端30的将来自网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52的光纤布到位于光纤连接面板58中的输入和输出光纤适配器62、64的部件和方面。图5更详细地示出了对网络侧光纤54从网络侧光缆50到输入光纤适配器62提供的示例性布线及物理和光学连接，以建立与用户侧光纤56的光学连接。图6更详细地示出了对用户侧光纤56从用户侧光缆52到输出光纤适配器64提供的示例性布线和光学连接，以建立与用户侧光纤56的光学连接。如先前所述及图2中所示，将来自网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52的网络侧光纤和用户侧光纤54、56分别提供给光纤连接面板58支撑的输入和输出光纤适配器62、64有助于在光纤网络和用户之间进行光学连接。
参考图5，来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54进入基座32的内室42，如前所述。技术人员通常将剥离延伸到基座32内的网络侧光缆50的光缆护套以露出一根或多根网络侧光纤54。网络侧光纤54可在一个或多个光纤布线导向件87周围布在内室42中。光纤布线导向件87可布设光纤和/或光缆。光纤布线导向件构造成将网络侧光纤54布在内室42内的光纤周界89周围。这样，所布设的网络侧光纤54可位于基座32中的光纤周界89周围以保持光纤周界89内的内部区域91为空或实质上未被所布设的光纤占用。如下面将更详细描述的，针对光纤布线提供光纤周界89使光学部件有足够的空间从而布置或储存在内部区域91中的光纤周界89内。光纤布线导向件87还使在需要时能松弛储存网络侧光纤54。
接下来，网络侧光纤54可经接合盘74接合到网络接头77中的输入尾光纤76。接合盘74内提供一个或多个网络侧接头77或接头支架以按任何已知的方式包括熔接或机械接合而将网络侧光纤54接到用于每一网络侧光纤54的一根或多根输入尾光纤76。为清晰起见，在此仅描述接合盘74中存在并端接到输入尾光纤76的代表性网络侧光纤54。然而，对本领域一般技术人员显而易见且容易理解的，其它网络侧光纤(如果有)可以实质上同样的方式接合到输入尾光纤并进行布线。
在离开接合盘74时，输入尾光纤76可布在内室42中的一个或多个光纤布线导向件87周围并布到光纤连接面板58中提供的输入光纤适配器62。在该实施例中，光纤连接面板58位于终端盖34的内表面88上。这样，输入尾光纤76光学连接到输入光纤适配器62以可由技术人员接近从而建立到网络侧光纤54的光学连接。因此，光纤终端30中提供的光纤连接面板58使输入和62、64能配置为输入光纤适配器62或输出光纤适配器64。光纤适配器62、64是配置为输入光纤适配器还是输出光纤适配器的性质取决于是输入尾光纤76还是输出尾光纤86光学连接到光纤适配器。
一旦输入尾光纤76布设并光学连接到输入光纤适配器62，可建立到网络侧光纤54的光学连接。在该实施例中，来自分光器82的输入光纤80连接到接收输入尾光纤76的对应输入光纤适配器62以在网络侧光纤54和分光器82之间建立光学连接。光纤盖90邻近终端盖34中的光纤连接面板58布置，如图5中所示，使得输入光纤80可在光纤盖90下方进行布设以保持输入光纤80邻近终端盖34的内表面88。关于光纤盖90的更多细节将在下面描述。接着，描述用户侧光缆52提供的一根或多根用户侧光纤56的布线以建立到一个或多个输出光纤适配器64的光学连接。一旦建立，网络侧光缆50和用户侧光缆52之间的一根或多根网络侧光纤54和用户侧光纤56可通过将输入和输出光纤适配器62、64耦合在一起而彼此光学连接。
图6示出了图2的光纤终端30，但为描述目的仅示出了用户侧光纤56布设和连接到光纤连接面板58。如图6中所示，一根或多根用户侧光纤56延伸到基座32的内室42内，如前所述。技术人员通常将剥离延伸到基座32和内室42内的用户侧光缆52的光缆护套以露出一根或多根用户侧光纤56。用户侧光纤56可布设在光纤布线导向件87周围从而布置在内部区域91中并经接合盘74连接到输出尾光纤86。光纤布线导向件87还使在需要时能松弛储存用户侧光纤56。在该实施例中，用户侧光纤56可光学连接到接合盘74。接合盘74内提供一个或多个用户侧接头或接头支架85以按任何已知的方式包括熔接或机械接合而将用户侧光纤56接到用于每一用户侧光纤56的一根或多根输出尾光纤86。为清晰起见，在此仅描述接合盘74中存在并端接到输出尾光纤86的代表性用户侧光纤56。然而，对本领域一般技术人员显而易见且容易理解的，其它用户侧光纤(如果有)可以实质上同样的方式接合到输出尾光纤并进行布线。
在离开接合盘74时，输出尾光纤86可布在一个或多个光纤布线导向件87周围，如果需要，及连接到光纤连接面板58中的输出光纤适配器64。这样，输出尾光纤86光学连接到终端盖34中可由技术人员接近的输出光纤适配器64以在需要时建立到用户侧光纤56的光学连接。图7示出了图2的光纤终端30及其中进行的光学连接的框图。在该点，来自网络侧光缆50的一根或多根网络侧光纤54和来自用户侧光缆52的一根或多根用户侧光纤56已被分别接收、布设、接合到位于光纤连接面板58中的输入和输出光纤适配器62、64内。
如先前所述，由于来自分光器82的输入和输出光纤80、84分别连接到输入和输出光纤适配器62、64，分别如图5和6中所示，网络侧光纤54光学连接到用户侧光纤56。当所希望的光学连接最终形成时，技术人员可盖上终端盖34以封闭内室42，如图8中所示。
如图8中所示，示出了光纤终端30，其中终端盖34盖在基座32上。终端盖34以透明的形式示出使得具有其光纤和光学部件的光纤终端30的内室42可被看见从而方便说明。由于光纤在内室42中布在光纤周界89周围，如图5和6中所示，光纤连接面板58在终端盖34盖上时可布置在基座32的内部区域91中，而不会受到所布设光纤的干扰。图5和6中所示的分光器82或任何其它光学部件也可布置在基座32的内部区域91中。该结构可使给定大小的光纤终端30能服务更大容量的用户和/或使能松弛储存网络侧和/或用户侧光纤54、56。
图9示出了可选的、布置在光纤终端30中的光纤盖90。在该实施例中，光纤盖90构造成将输入和/或输出光纤80、84(参见图5和6)包含或保持在光纤盖90下方。这样，光纤盖90可防止或降低在终端盖34盖上时输入和/或输出光纤80、84干扰接合盘74的可能性。图9和10更详细地示出了光纤盖90。图9示出了光纤终端30和终端盖34，其中光纤盖90打开。图10示出了光纤终端30和终端盖34，其中光纤盖90关闭。
参考图9，当在来自分光器82的输入和输出光纤80、84(参见图5和6)与位于光纤连接面板58中的输入和输出光纤适配器62、64之间进行光纤连接时，光纤盖90可被打开。光纤盖90构造成使输入和输出光纤80、84能向下保持在终端盖34的内表面88内，使得在终端盖34盖在基座32上时输入和输出光纤80、84不干扰任何其它光纤或光学部件。这可防止弯曲或扭折输入和输出光纤80、84。在该实施例中，光纤盖90经铰链92连接到终端盖34的内表面88，使得光纤盖90可打开及绕铰链92旋转。作为备选，光纤盖90可构造成完全移开及当光纤布线完成时重新连接到终端盖34。在该实施例中，光纤盖90还包括卷曲或唇形部分93，其提供手柄以使技术人员能容易地打开光纤盖90。
在光纤布线完成之后，光纤盖90可关闭，如图10中所示。光纤盖90可通过锁定机构94关闭和固定，如图9和10中所示。在该实施例中，锁定机构94以向内偏的掣子96的形式提供，其设计成啮合并穿过位于光纤盖90中的掣子孔98进行布置，如图9和10中所示。当希望打开光纤盖90时，向内推掣子96，使得掣子96可从掣子孔98释放。当光纤盖90将要关闭和固定时，光纤盖90绕铰链92朝向终端盖34的内表面88旋转，其中掣子96将与掣子孔98啮合。通过向内偏压掣子96，掣子96在通过掣子孔98时将向内移动，直到掣子96通过掣子孔98为止。
光纤终端30可安装在任何位置或楼宇。在此所述的光纤终端30可特别适合多住户单元(MDU)，因为光纤终端30能够在网络侧光缆和用户侧光缆之间提供高密度光学连接。此外，光纤终端30可构造为LCP或FDT。图11示出了光纤终端30，提供为安装在MDU 100中的LCP和FDT。仅用于说明目的，MDU 100可包括具有九个住户单元102的公寓建筑。在所示实施例中，构造为LCP 104的光纤终端30位于底层或地下室；然而，另外实施例的LCP可位于相对于MDU的任何位置。LCP 104包括光学连接到网络侧光缆50的光缆组件106，如上所述。网络侧光缆50可光学连接到光纤网络117。同样如上所述，在与光纤网络117之间携载光学信号的一根或多根用户侧光缆52可连接到LCP 104、离开LCP 104及遍及MDU 100延伸。用户侧光缆52在与LCP 104之间携载光学信号并经用户侧光纤或光缆110直接延伸到每一住户单元，及最终在用户端接点108端接，如墙壁出口中的适配器、底板中的适配器、天花板后的适配器等，使得用户可光学连接到用户侧光纤110。
用户侧光纤110可直接来自用户侧光缆52的光纤，或可从构造为FDT 112的一个或多个中间光纤终端30提供。可提供FDT 112以通过使用户侧光纤110能在LCP 104和FDT 112之间分组然后在FDT 112处分开而简化LCP 104和用户端接点108之间的光纤布线和安装。FDT 112构造为接收用户侧光缆52并将各根用户侧光纤110提供给用户端接点108。因此，在MDU 100的各层之间仅有较少的光纤和/或光缆延伸，因而简化了光纤穿过MDU 100的布线。尽管在所示实施例中描述了MDU 100的各层，应意识到，FDT 112可用于帮助将光纤布到MDU 100内的任何区域布局。
此外，尽管用户侧光纤110和用户侧光缆52包括指向用户端接点108方向的箭头，应意识到，对于具体应用，光学信号可按需以任何方向通过，提供箭头仅用于说明目的。
如在此使用的，术语“光纤终端”意于包括任何类型的光纤终端。例如，如在此使用的光纤终端可以是接合终端、配线终端等或其任意组合。光纤终端中的一个或多个适配器模块中提供的适配器面板不限于提供光纤适配器。如果提供了光纤适配器，光纤适配器可用于任何类型的光学连接器，包括但不限于LC、SC、MTP、FC、ST、MU或MTRJ。
在此公开的光纤终端可用于任何光纤分布应用，包括但不限于将光缆和光纤从光纤网络直接或间接布到终端用户，包括但不限于各种光纤到楼宇(FTTP)、光纤到家(FTTH)、及其它光纤倡议(总称为FTTx)。用户楼宇包括但不限于单住户单元(SDU)、多住户单元(MDU)、商业场所、和/或其它设施或建筑。
光纤终端可安装在任何位置，包括架空位置、埋置、或布置在更大的外壳如地面底座中。网络侧和用户侧光缆可以是任何类型的光缆并包括任何形式的、任何类型的光纤。术语“光缆”和/或“光纤”包括所有类型的单模和多模光波导，包括可能被图上一层、着色、缓冲、带化和/或在光缆中具有其它组织或保护结构如一根或多根管、加强件、护套等的一根或多根光纤。同样，其它类型的适当光纤包括对弯曲不敏感的光纤或有利于传送光信号的任何其它介质。对弯曲不敏感的光纤的例子为可从Corning Incorporated购得的
Figure BSA00000293484100141
多模光纤。另外，光纤可具有各种直径，例如包括900微米、2.0毫米和3.0毫米的直径。此外，光纤可被包括在平缆中。平缆的例子为皮线光缆。
前述实施例所属技术领域的技术人员将能想到在此提出的许多修改和其它实施例，这些修改和实施例均具有在前面的描述和附图中提出的优点。因此，应当理解，本说明书和权利要求不限于所公开的具体实施例，及修改和其它实施例均包括在所附权利要求的范围之内。如果实施方式的修改和变化在所附权利要求及其等效方案的范围之内，则本发明覆盖这些修改和变化。尽管在此采用了具体术语，但它们仅以一般和描述性的意义使用，而不用于限制目的。

Claims (10)

1.一种光纤终端，包括：
具有内室的基座，内室构造成接收至少一网络侧光纤和多根用户侧光纤；
位于基座中的多个光纤布线导向件，所述导向件定义基座内室中的光纤周界；
构造成盖在基座上的终端盖；及
位于终端盖内表面上的至少一光纤连接面板，构造成当终端盖盖在基座上时位于所述光纤周界内，多个光纤布线导向件构造成布设至少一网络侧光纤和/或多根用户侧光纤，及至少一网络侧光纤提供在网络侧光缆中，及多根用户侧光纤提供在用户侧光缆中。
2.根据权利要求1的光纤终端，还包括：
至少一网络侧接头，构造成将至少一网络侧光纤接合到至少一输入尾光纤；
其中至少一输入尾光纤构造成光学连接到位于至少一光纤连接面板中的输入光纤适配器。
3.根据权利要求1的光纤终端，还包括：
多个用户侧接头，构造成将多根用户侧光纤中的一根或多根接合到多根输出尾光纤；
其中多根输出尾光纤构造成光学连接到位于至少一光纤连接面板中的多个输出光纤适配器中的一个或多个。
4.根据权利要求1的光纤终端，还包括位于终端盖内表面上的至少一分光器。
5.根据权利要求4的光纤终端，其中所述至少一分光器构造成当终端盖盖在基座上时位于所述光纤周界内。
6.根据权利要求4的光纤终端，其中所述至少一分光器配置成将至少一网络侧光纤携载的输入光学信号拆分为将在多根用户侧光纤中的一个或多个上传送的输出信号。
7.根据权利要求1的光纤终端，其中所述至少一光纤连接面板具有用于一根或多根光纤的光纤存放区域。
8.根据权利要求1的光纤终端，还包括位于终端盖内表面上、与至少一光纤连接面板相邻的光纤盖。
9.根据权利要求8的光纤终端，其中所述光纤盖铰接连接到终端盖的内表面以构造成绕所述内表面打开和关闭。
10.根据权利要求9的光纤终端，其中所述光纤盖构造成将连接到至少一光纤连接面板的一根或多根光纤邻近于所述内表面固定，及至少一可释放掣子位于基座的内表面中并构造成平行于基座的内表面可释放地固定光纤盖。
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