CN101973812A - Disease-resistant fertilizer composition for tomatoes - Google Patents
Disease-resistant fertilizer composition for tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a disease-resistant fertilizer composition for tomatoes. The disease-resistant fertilizer composition for the tomatoes consists of urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, gypsum, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, sodium bicarbonate, an active agent and attapulgite clay. Control tests of the disease-resistant fertilizer composition for the tomatoes and the conventional fertilizer show that the quantity and the ratio of knot nematodes of the tomatoes are obviously reduced, the knot nematodes are prevented and controlled obviously, the growth index of the tomatoes is effectively improved, the activity of tomato leaf protective enzyme is improved, and the disease resistance of the tomatoes is improved obviously.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field.More specifically, the present invention relates to the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of a kind of tomato.
[background technology]
In meeting the production base of certain standard, the vegetable products of producing in strict accordance with innoxious production technology working specification is called pollution-free vegetable.The envrionment conditionss such as air, soil and irrigation water of this vegetables production base detect through relevant department, all reach the relevant criterion requirement.In the vegetables production process, forbid to use high malicious persistent pesticide, the agricultural chemicals that limit the quantity of, time limit uses low toxicity, low residue, promotion is with the biological method insect pest of curing the disease, reduce the amount of application of chemical fertilizer to greatest extent, increase the use of fertilizer, thereby make hazardous and noxious substances content such as pesticide residue, nitrite, nitrate, harmful heavy metal, harmful pathogenic micro-organism in the vegetables of production be limited to the requirement of relevant criterion, HUMAN HEALTH is not produced harm.There is the following aspects from macroscopic angle pollution-free vegetable:
1. using agricultural chemicals safely has to be strengthened
One of gordian technique that pollution-free vegetable produces is the safe handling agricultural chemicals.Because the communication and education dynamics that pollution-free vegetable produces is not enough, the pollution-free vegetable production level is not high, and the vegetable grower has less understanding to notion, the standard of pollution-free vegetable, and safe medication poor consciousness, technology are still waiting to improve.Indivedual vegetable growers still use severe toxicity, persistent pesticide.
2. the reasonable use of chemical fertilizer has much room for improvement
Some vegetable growers are subjected to the influence of " the voluminous more amount of applying fertilizer is high more " idea, and the chemical fertilizer input amount is excessive, can not accomplish that the balance of chemical fertilizer is used, and cause soil salt accumulation and azotate pollution, are difficult to produce the quality vegetables that nitrate content does not exceed standard.
3. the residual toxicity of pollution-free vegetable detects and carries out difficulty
The production of big pollution-free vegetable not only requires high to envrionment conditions, and each link of production process is all had strict demand.Yet under present huge numbers of families' the dispersion mode of production, use and the pesticide residue in the vegetables and other content of harmful to the malicious persistent pesticide of height, be difficult to accomplish more effective monitoring, every quality index to pollution-free vegetable also is difficult to comprehensively, detects apace, which dealer and human consumer often can't differentiate by outward appearance in the very first time be the high-quality pollution-free vegetable, which right and wrong pollution-free vegetable, this can't be guaranteed the vegetable grower's who produces pollution-free vegetable interests, has also influenced the producer's enthusiasm.
The agricultural chemicals of vegetables exceeds standard and quality decline is the subject matter of the middle existence in present vegetables market, setting up non-harmful vegetables production base is one of key measure of dealing with problems, though all there are some nuisanceless production bases all parts of the country at present, but still there is serious problem in management with technology, set up the pollution-free vegetable production base in Beijing suburb, have great importance.
The topmost problem that quality of vegetable descends, agricultural chemicals exceeds standard, unreasonable and excessive use agricultural chemicals applies fertilizer.This is owing to edatope worsening condition behind the vegetable continuous cropping, various disease and pests increase the weight of, the nutrient overbalance, the peasant is in order to obtain high yield, applying fertilizer more, abuse various agricultural chemicals simply causes vegetables to lose original taste, have a strong impact on people health, how the rational application of fertilizer, few with or be one of gordian technique during pollution-free vegetable produces without agricultural chemicals, the fertilizer that exploitation has disease-resistant function has great importance.
The farm crop continuous cropping disease is one of most important disease in the agriculture production, along with plant husbandry to commercialization, compartmentation, specialized developing rapidly, under the situations that cultivation is more prevalent, the farm crop continuous cropping increases such as intensive and canopy dish, continuous cropping obstacle disease shows more and more seriously.Vegetable continuous cropping can cause that soil salt damage, acidifying, physiology nutritional deficiency etc. are hindered and be on the rise, and directly influences crop growth, causes the serious underproduction of agricultural-food, poor quality, and economic benefit descends significantly.According to investigations, under the square one, 30-50% is reduced than rice field-upland field rotation district average yield in the vegetable continuous cropping base, and land for growing field crops even loss of capital about 10% are arranged.The soil germ is the major cause that causes the continuous cropping obstacle, basal part of stem and the root of germ main harm crop, and general sickness rate is at 10-30%, plant is usually withered, causes the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, and seriously can reach 80-90%, even full garden death, cause total crop failure, total crop failure, be a kind of destructive disease.The soil obstacle has become the great difficult and complicated illness of protection ground cultivation, and this disease does not also have agricultural chemicals (non-banned pesticides) at present and can effectively prevent and treat, and is a great problem in the cash crop plantation such as melon, vegetables.
Behind the vegetable continuous cropping, edaphic condition worsens, some soil nutrient deficiency, the blight serious (mainly containing sickle-like bacteria causes) that has caused vegetables, cause the reduction of vegetable crop, downgrade (taste deterioration), so the special-purpose fertile research of the continuous cropping of vegetables has caused many experts' attention.At present, though the appearance that has some fertilizer special for vegetable, continuous cropping obstacle to endanger little bionomic control agent and vegetables successive planting agent products such as (containing agricultural chemicals), clean and DT foliage fertilizer not only can not thoroughly solve the obstructive action of vegetables continuous cropping as the ground bacterium, and uses comparatively complicated.The continuous cropping obstacle of vegetables, be that a class is difficult to the disease (except that highly toxic pesticide) with general pesticide control, be the expert who troubles plant protection expert and vegetables and soil and fertilizer always, especially in the overall situation of entry to WTO and improving constantly of living standards of the people, people pay attention to more to environment such as the requirements of the quality of product (nutritive ingredient, mouthfeel, pollutent residual), and development does not contain the continuous cropping obstacle problem that agriculture chemical solves crop and has one of scientific research problem of prospect.Substitute the part highly toxic pesticide with chemical fertilizer and solve the growing vegetables continuous cropping obstacle, face is wide in a large number, and pioneering development chemical fertilizer uses future.Be the fertile function that medicine is arranged again, the pollution problems such as residual and residual hazard that especially do not have agricultural chemicals to cause promote the well-being of mankind.Make the peasant in the process of fertilising, just finish the effect of medication, simplified agricultural production process, two get at one stroke.
The cardinal principle of studying disease-resistant fertilizer is that plant nutrient and plant pest have very confidential relation.Phosphorus and potassium can improve crop resistance, drought resistance, winter resistance, alleviate the adaptability of some disease effect and extraneous environment.The plain crop disease-resistant ability mechanism of action that improves of potassium, this is because potassium can promote cellulosic formation, strengthen the growth of face tissue, the thickness angled tissue of cell walls physically well develops, and the degree of lignification height has strengthened the ability of the antimicrobial invasion of face tissue, during potassium deficiency, compounds such as soluble amino acid, monose accumulate in cell in the plant body, and these materials are food sources of multiple microorganism, for the breeding of germ provides good condition.Sulphur can improve quality of crop and the resistance against diseases of crop.The special-purpose fertilizer of vegetables continuous cropping will mainly utilize the non-nutrient effect combination of crop alimentary element (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Cu, Fe, Zn, B, Mn, Mo, Cl), and the ultimate principle of utilizing root control fertilizer.Various nutritive elements also all have the function that strengthens plant resistance to environment stress except being to constitute the heterogeneity of plant materials.This function has plenty of directly, has plenty of indirect.In these nutritive elements, potassium, sulphur, copper more are subjected to people and pay attention to.Reasonably the plant nutrient supply can guarantee the plant stalwartness, prevent the nutritional deficiency disease, strengthen opposing disease and pest ability (the Mitchell A L of plant, Walters D R., Potassium phosphate induces systemicprotection in barley to powdery mildew infection, " Pest Management Science ", 60:126-134 (2004); Yan Fengming, " chemical ecology ", Beijing Science Press (2003); Xiao Jingxiu etc., the nitrogen of wheat under wheat/broad bean intercropping condition, potassium nutrition are to the influence of wheat powdery mildew, " plant nutrition and fertilizer journal ", 12 (4): 517-522 (2005); Ruan Jianyun etc., potassium, magnesium nutrition supply are to the influence of tea leaf quality and output, " tea science " 23 (z1): 21-26, (2003)).Potassium primary phosphate, copper sulfate such as use at the defense reaction that can play the plant multiple diseases on the agricultural, as spray harm (the Reuveni R that trace element etc. can reduce bacterial disease and fungal disease, A foliarspray of micronutrient solutions induces local and systemic protection againstpowdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) in cucumber plants, " Europeanjournal of plant pathology ", 103 (7) (1997), Yan Fengming, the same).Sulphur be the plain and bacteriocidin of synthetic plant insecticide in the plant materials important component (Schnug, thionin nutrition and quality of vegetable, " China's Vegetable), (6): 53 (1992).Potassium is considered to one of important disease-resistant element, potassium can improve the photosynthesis that increases crop, the activity of polyphenoloxidase etc. improve the disease resistance (Wei Shenglin of crop, Qin Nan, nitrogen potassium level and polyphenol oxidase activity are to the influence of lemon gummosis resistance, " Agricultural University Of Southwest's journal ", 18 (1): 6-9 (1996); Zhou Jiheng etc., potassium to virus infection after the active influence of the endogenous protective enzyme of tobacco leaf, " Scientia Agricultura Sinica ", 33 (6): 98-100 (2000)).
Caused the serious of vegetables behind the vegetable continuous cropping, caused the reduction of vegetable crop, downgrade with soil-borne diseases such as oxyuriasis.The nematodiasiss of vegetables, be that a class is difficult to the disease (except that highly toxic pesticide) with general pesticide control, be the expert who troubles plant protection expert and vegetables and soil and fertilizer, especially in the overall situation of entry to WTO and improving constantly of living standards of the people, people pay attention to more to the environment such as requirement of the quality of product, and the continuous cropping obstacle problem that development does not contain agriculture chemical solution crop has one of scientific research problem of prospect.
For this reason, the inventor has finished the present invention finally through a large amount of experimental studies.
[summary of the invention]
[technical problem that will solve]
The purpose of this invention is to provide the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of a kind of tomato.
[technical scheme]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of a kind of tomato.It is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 20-34 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-25 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 0-48 weight part or
Repone K 0-40 weight part;
Gypsum 0-13 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0-12 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 0-10 weight part;
The plain 0-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 2-20 weight part;
N+P
2O
5+ K
2O total nutrient: in this Ru 2006101161 gross weight 40-46%.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of described tomato is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 22-28 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 24-40 weight part or
Repone K 20-40 weight part;
Gypsum 5-12 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4-10 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 2-8 weight part;
The plain 1-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 8-15 weight part.
According to another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of described tomato is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 24-26 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 23-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 30-35 weight part or
Repone K 30-35 weight part;
Gypsum 8-10 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 6-8 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 4-6 weight part;
The plain 2-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 10-12 weight part.
According to another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of described tomato is pulvis, granule or tablet.
Below the present invention will be described in more detail.
The present invention relates to the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of a kind of tomato.It is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 20-34 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-25 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 0-48 weight part or
Repone K 0-40 weight part;
Gypsum 0-13 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0-12 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 0-10 weight part;
The plain 0-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 2-20 weight part;
N+P
2O
5+ K
2O total nutrient: in this Ru 2006101161 gross weight 40-46%.
Urea is a kind of high density nitrogenous fertilizer (contain N amount 46%), belongs to neutral readily avaiable fertilizer, also available produces multiple compound manure.Not residual any objectionable impurities in soil, long-term application does not have detrimentally affect.Livestock industry can be used as the feed of ruminating animal.Can produce a small amount of biuret but temperature is too high in granulation, claim biuret again, crop is had restraining effect.China's regulation fertilizer should be less than 0.5% with the urea Biuret Content.Biuret Content surpasses at 1% o'clock, can not do seed manure, and seed manure and foliage fertilizer, other urea contents of using the phase also should not be too much or be too concentrated.
Urea is organic nitrogenous fertilizer, through the urase effect in the soil, be hydrolyzed into volatile salt or bicarbonate of ammonia after, could be absorbed by crop.Therefore, urea will be used before the fertile phase at the need of crop in 4-8 days.Urea is applicable to all crops and all soil, can be used as base manure and topdresses, and non-irrigated paddy field all can be used.
Monoammonium phosphate claims primary ammonium phosphate again.Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is an a kind of water soluble quick-acting composite fertilizer, is nitrogen phosphorus two element compound fertilizers, and the monoammonium phosphate produced of China is all produced with slurry process at present, and is nitrogenous 11%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 42-44%, total equal 53-55% of effective constituent.
Monoammonium phosphate generally topdresses, and also is to produce ternary compound fertilizer, the fertile topmost basic material of BB; This product is widely used in various food crop and cash crop such as paddy rice, wheat, corn, jowar, cotton, melon and fruit, vegetables; Be widely used in various soil properties such as red soil, yellow earth, brown earth, yellow moisture soil, black earth, cinnamon soil, purple soil, Baijiang soil; Being particularly suitable for arid areas short of rain such as NORTHWEST CHINA, North China, northeast uses.
Vitriolate of tartar is a kind of no chlorine, high-quality and efficient potash fertilizer, is good water soluble potassic fertilizer.Vitriolate of tartar also is chemically neutral, physiological acidic fertilizer.In acid soil, unnecessary sulfate radical can make soil acidity increase the weight of, in addition in the aggravation soil active aluminum, iron to Toxicity in Crops.So the life-time service vitriolate of tartar will cooperate with farm manure, alkaline phosphate fertilizer and lime, reduce acid.In calcareous soil, calcium ion generates not diffluent calcium sulfate (gypsum) in sulfate radical and the soil.Calcium sulfate too much can cause soil compaction, should pay attention to enriching farm manure this moment.In plant husbandry as fear-chlorion crops such as tobacco, tea tree, grape, sugarcane, beet, watermelon, potato, flax and each planting fruit-trees, be indispensable important fertilizer, enrich not only output raising of vitriolate of tartar, can also improve quality.
Repone K is the quick-acting potash fertilizer of the high density of physiological acidity, contains K
2O60%.Repone K as fertilizer generally contains Repone K 92-95%.Repone K generally is white in color or light yellow crystallization, contains a small amount of molysite sometimes and forms redness.The Repone K physical behavior is good, and water absorbability is little, and is water-soluble, is the chemically neutral reaction, also belongs to physiological acidic fertilizer.
Suit the same with vitriolate of tartar of Repone K made base manure or topdressed in early days, and fertilizer efficiency is also close.Repone K can be used as base manure or topdresses, and in acid soil, Repone K and vitriolate of tartar all are physiological acidic fertilizers.Potassium ion is absorbed by crop or soil colloid absorption, and hydrogen ion generates hydrochloric acid (HCl) in chlorion and the soil colloid, and soil acidity is strengthened, and this has just increased the solubleness of active aluminum, iron in the soil, increases the weight of the Toxicity in Crops effect.So the Repone K that long-term application is more is wanted applying organic manure or lime, to reduce soil acidity.In calcareous soil, residual chlorion combines with calcium ion in the soil, forms the bigger calcium chloride (CaCl2) of solubleness, in well-drained soil, can be drained by rainwater or irrigation water; In the area of arid or impeded drainage, can increase the soil chlorine ion concentration, unfavorable to plant growth, so the consumption of Repone K or ammonium chloride should be controlled in the such kind of area.
Gypsum be fertilizer be again soil improvement agent.On the one hand, the main component of gypsum is a calcium sulfate, not only calcic but also sulfur-bearing, and therefore, it can provide sulphur and two kinds of nutritive elements of calcium.On the other hand, yellow soda ash in the gypsum and the soil solution and Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate generation chemical reaction generate neutral sodium sulfate, thereby soil alkalescence is weakened.Calcium ion in the gypsum can also exchange with the sodium ion on the soil colloid, forms to be difficult for dispersive calcium colloid, thereby soil physico-chemical property is improved.For the low productive soil of some as lack of sulfur, gypsuming has the effect that improves the nutrition of crop sulphur.
Magnesium is chlorophyllous formation element, is the activator of a lot of enzymes, can also promote the synthetic of fat and participate in nitrogenous metabolism, and therefore, magnesium is a kind of important middle amount nutritive element.Magnesium sulfate monohydrate is a desirable feedstock of making composite fertilizer, and it can be mixed into multiple fertilizer or mix fertilizer according to different needs and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, also can be mixed into various compound manure and photosynthetic little fertilizer with one or more straight fertilizers respectively.Magniferous fertilizer is most appropriate to acid soil, peat soil and sandy soil ground.
The vigor element is CN90106014.3, the disclosed a kind of product of denomination of invention " vigor element ", and it is a plant growth regulators, is made up of micronutrient boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum and multiple amount element phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium and organic acid and sucrose.
Attapulgite has another name called polygorskite or Palygorskite, be a kind of layer of chain-like structure contain Shuifu County's zeopan clay mineral.It is steel gray, greyish white or the goose egg green is fibrous, bar-shaped that attapulgite clay is, and aggregate is pencil or the shape that interweaves.Fiber is about 5 μ m, and parallel extinction has sliding sense.Have plasticity-and stickiness when wet.
Preferably, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of described tomato is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 22-28 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 24-40 weight part or
Repone K 20-40 weight part;
Gypsum 5-12 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4-10 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 2-8 weight part;
The plain 1-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 8-15 weight part.
More preferably, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of described tomato is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 24-26 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 23-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 30-35 weight part or
Repone K 30-35 weight part;
Gypsum 8-10 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 6-8 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 4-6 weight part;
The plain 2-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 10-12 weight part.
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention can be pulvis, granule or tablet.
Can adopt the granulation technique of for example cylinder granulation that those skilled in the art know, rotary table granulation, spray granulating, high tower prilling etc. and so on; according to selecting granulation technique to use corresponding facility for granulating; the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is made particle or tablets and other formulations; described granulation technique and facility for granulating are to determine easily for those skilled in the art, also are conspicuous.
The size of granule or tablet is not very crucial, generally is 2-5mm, and certainly, this size can be selected according to use-pattern and situations such as crop, soil, and this is definite easily for those skilled in the art, also is conspicuous.
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention can be used as base manure, seed manure or topdresses and use.
Base manure is the fertilizer that applies prior to seeding.The effect of using base manure mainly contains two aspects, and the one, culture fertility is improved the soil; The 2nd, for plant growth constantly provides nutrient.Basal fertilizer applying method comprises for example broadcast application, row replacement and perforated method etc.
Seed manure is the fertilizer of using when crop sowing, cultivation stem tuber or transplanting seedling, and purpose is to provide essential nutrient strong sprout for cultivating.The seed manure application process comprises the method for for example dressing seed, method for soaking seed, is stained with seedling root method, covers the seed manure method.
Topdressing is in process of crop growth, the measure of the characteristics of nutrient demand being applied fertilizer according to each growing stage of crop.The application process of topdressing comprises that for example broadcast application, bar are excuted a law, perforated method, circulating application method, spraying method.
Concrete which kind of application process that adopts should determine that also this is to determine easily for those skilled in the art, also is conspicuous according to crop species, edaphic condition, tillage method, fertile consumption and fertilizer character.
[beneficial effect]
Disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention and conventional fertilizer controlled trial show; obviously reduce quantity and the ratio of the root knot nematode of tomato; root is separated nematode have tangible preventive and therapeutic effect; effectively improve the index of growing of tomato; improve tomato blade protective enzyme activity, improve the disease resistance of tomato.Obviously reduce MDA content in the tomato blade, obviously improve the content of resistance material type flavones and total phenol, improved the disease resistance of crop, the leaf mold during tomato is grown has certain preventive and therapeutic effect.Also effectively improve the quantity of tomato fruit; Process facility high strength cultivation back soil organism total amount is compared with the contrast field with easy oxidation organic content and is increased 44.17%-194.68% and 51.69%-244.09% respectively; Full nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increase more than the twice; The full phosphorus of soil, rapid available phosphorus and slow phosphorus increase 35.6%-186.1%, 505.0%-1438.7% and 92.9%-937.3% respectively; Available potassium and slowly available potassium increase 127.4-236.9%, 1.10-27.1% respectively; Heliogreenhouse soil bacteria and fungi quantity are higher than control soil, and actinomycetic quantity is then opposite.In a word, fertility characteristics such as vegetables soil organic matter content, confession nitrogen, phosphorus supply level and biological activity all are significantly increased.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 represents the potted plant synoptic diagram of vegetable or flower institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences glasshouse tomato.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is separated the influence of nematode population to tomato root system root
A, material
Fertilizer:
Use the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention.
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 composition of the tomato of the present invention of different treatment is listed in table 1:
CK represents to contrast fertilizer in the table, and the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention that this embodiment uses is pulvis.
B, test soil
Test soil picks up from the serious soil of morbidity in Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science facility vegetable plot, and the soil essential property sees Table 2; Every basin is adorned native 5kg soil, and totally 18 fertilizer are handled, and 2 repetitions are referring to accompanying drawing 1.(March 29) growth potential investigation during the field planting of tomato seedling, plant height, stem is thick, root is long, the expansion number of blade, cauline leaf fresh weight, root fresh weight, cauline leaf dry weight, root dry weight see Table 3.
Table 2: soil essential property
In the table:
Organic matter is to adopt national standard analytical procedure GB7857-87 to measure;
PH adopts national standard analytical procedure GB7859-87 to measure;
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is to adopt Sun Han rather to wait the people, " nitrogen auto analyzer alkaline hydrolysis distillation method measures the method for hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the soil ", " Chinese soil and fertilizer ",, disclosed analytical procedure mensuration of the 5th phase in 2007;
Available phosphorus is to adopt national standard analytical procedure GB12297-90 to measure;
Available potassium is to adopt national standard analytical procedure GB7856-87 to measure.
Table 3: the basal conditions that grows of tomato before test is transplanted for the first time
In the table:
Cauline leaf, root dry weight, haw and Chinese olive quantity all adopt ordinary method to measure;
Soil moisture content is 16.71% during field planting.Carry out the investigation second time after one month, wherein plant height (cm), the number of blade, overground part fresh weight (g), underground part fresh weight (g), haw number (individual), Chinese olive number (individual) and total fruit weigh the table 4 that the results are shown in of (g).
Table 4: the basal conditions that grows of tomato when investigating for the second time
Result with table 4 comparison shows that by table 3, and growing after tomato is transplanted is very normal.
In addition, according to following standard the root nodule of tomato plant root is classified:
One-level root nodule diameter＜0.17cm;
0.17≤secondary root nodule diameter＜0.25cm;
0.25cm≤three grades of root nodule diameter＜0.3cm;
Level Four root nodule diameter 〉=0.3cm.
Root nodule numbers mensuration has been carried out in 18 processing of this embodiment and contrast, measured 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades root nodule numbers that obtain and the results are shown in table 5.
Table 5: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of the present invention of different treatment is to the influence of tomato root nodule size and quantity
As can be seen from Table 1: in 18 processing of test, the quantity that the overwhelming majority is handled the root knot nematode that the tomato root system is infected has very significantly reduction effect.It is 5-48% that one-level, secondary, three grades and level Four root nodule reduce that percentage ranges is respectively, 13-56%, and 6-74% and 10-86% it can be said that the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of bright the present invention infects and has very obvious suppression effect suppressing root knot nematode.
Embodiment 2: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the influence of tomato biomass
A, material
Fertilizer:
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention that uses embodiment 1 to use.
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of the tomato of the present invention of different treatment is formed (in weight part) and is seen Table 1.
The disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention that this embodiment uses is pulvis.
B, test soil
Test conditions is identical with embodiment's 1.
Red plant height, the number of blade and the cauline leaf in west weighs can be at the growth and development state that to a certain degree reflects plant.Test determination the results are shown in table 5.
Table 5: the influence that the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of the present invention of different treatment grows to tomato
By the result of table 4 as can be seen: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention has very obvious facilitation to growing of tomato.Compared with the control, the plant height increase reaches 4-40%, and number of blade increase reaches 193-209%, and it is not obvious that cauline leaf weight increases, and may relate to nutrient and be transported to problem in the fruit.Though root system is the significant points that crop nutrition content absorbs in addition, but root knot nematode is infected the weight that tends to obviously increase the tomato root system, so measurement index that root system weight can not be grown as tomato, even can think to a certain extent, for the big processing of root system weight, its root knot nematode to infect degree heavier.
Embodiment 3: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the influence of tomato fruit quantity
Carry out according to the mode identical with embodiment 1, study the influence of the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention to tomato fruit quantity, the weight of tomato fruit is the important indicator of tomato production.
Tomato fruit quantitative measurement method.The haw bioassay standard is identical with embodiment 1 with the Chinese olive bioassay standard.
These measurement results are listed in table 6.
Table 6: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of the present invention of different treatment is to the influence of tomato fruit quantity
As can be seen from Table 3: except that individual treated, the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of the present invention weighs tomato haw quantity, Chinese olive quantity and total fruit all has good increase effect, wherein haw quantity increases to 50-100%, Chinese olive quantity increases to 15-415%, and the tomato gross weight increases to 7-302%.
Embodiment 4: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the influence of protective enzyme active sod (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in the tomato blade
Carry out according to the mode identical with embodiment 1.
Superoxide-dismutase (SOD) is an important antioxidase in the plant materials, is the primary material of removing free radical in the organism.SOD level in vivo just is an aging and dead index directly perceived; It can resist and block the infringement that causes because of the oxyradical pair cell, and in time repairs damaged cell, restores the injury of the pair cell that causes because of free radical.Superoxide-dismutase (SOD) activity can adopt nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) method (NBT) to measure, and is an enzyme activity unit (U) to suppress nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) 50%, and the activity of enzyme is with Ug
-1FW represents.
Peroxidase (POD) is ubiquitous in the plant materials, active higher a kind of enzyme, oxidation of it and respiration, photosynthesis and growth hormone etc. all has substantial connection, in plant growth and development process, its activity constantly changes, therefore measure this kind of enzyme, can reflect the variation of plant materials intracellular metabolite in a certain period.Catalase (CAT) activity can adopt determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and it is an activity unit (U) that the CAT activity reduces by 0.01 required enzyme amount of A value with per minute, and the activity of enzyme is with Ug
-1FWmin
-1Expression.
Catalase (CAT) is a kind of enzyme scavenging agent, is called catalase again, is to be the desmoenzyme of prothetic group with the iron porphyrin.It mainly is present in the chloroplast(id) of plant, and its enzymatic activity provides anti-oxidative defense mechanism for body.It can impel H
2O
2Be decomposed into molecular oxygen and water, remove intravital hydrogen peroxide, thereby make cell avoid suffering H
2O
2Murder by poisoning, be one of key enzyme of biophylaxis system.Peroxidase (CAT) activity can adopt guaiacol method to measure, and it is an activity unit (U) that the POD activity reduces by 0.01 required enzyme amount of A value with per minute, and the activity of enzyme is with Ug
-1FWmin
-1Expression.
These measurement results are listed in table 7.
Table 7: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the active influence of protective enzyme in the tomato blade
The result of table 7 clearly illustrates that; use the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention that the intravital protective enzyme active sod of tomato plant (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) are increased very significantly; superoxide-dismutase increases 9.84-18.03%; peroxidase increases 7.35-42.65%; catalase increases 4.38-20.44%; promptly improved protective enzyme activity in the tomato blade very effectively; therefore, has very obvious effects to improving crop resistance.
Embodiment 5: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the influence of mda in the tomato blade (μ mol/g.FW), flavonod (OD325/g) and total phenol (mg/g.FW) content
Carry out according to the mode identical with embodiment 1.
Plant organ is old and feeble or sustain an injury under adverse circumstance, and peroxidation of membrane lipids often takes place, and mda (MDA) is the snperoxiaized final degradation production of film fat, and its content can reflect that plant suffers the degree of adverse circumstance injury.After MDA discharges from the position that film produces, can with protein, nucleic acid reaction, thereby loss of function also can make the bridged bond between cellulosic molecule loose, or arrestin matter is synthetic.Therefore, the accumulation of MDA may cause certain injury to film and cell.
Flavonoid compound extensively is present in for example each position of plants such as fruit, vegetables, beans and tealeaves with combined (flavonoid glycoside) or free state (Flavone aglycone) form, and flavonoid is the important class secondary metabolite of plant.It is the scavenging agent of most of oxyradicals, thereby the vigor of energy increased SOD (superoxide dismutase), reduces the generation of MDA (lipid peroxide mda).
Total phenol and flavonoid are that one of important resistance material, especially flavonoid are called as plant protecting chemical aspect plant protection, and the height of this two classes material has very big relation with the disease resistance of crop.
Mda (MDA) content can adopt thiobarbituricacid method (TBA) to measure, with μ molg
-1FW represents.
Total phenol and flavonoid can adopt forint phenol colorimetry to measure.Total phenol content is with mgg
-1FW represents, flavonoid content OD325g
-1FW represents.
These measurement results are listed in table 8.
Table 8: the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention is to the influence of mda, flavonod and total phenol content in the tomato blade
The result of table 8 clearly illustrates that; use the disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato of the present invention can obviously reduce MDA content in the tomato blade; reduce and reach 5.40-32.38%; therefore; can obviously reduce the peroxidation of membrane lipids of tomato plant; thereby improved the protective enzyme activity, increased the resistance of tomato.
Also obviously improved the content of crop resistance material type flavones and total phenol, obviously improved the disease resistance of crop, so the leaf mold during tomato grown has very positive preventive and therapeutic effect.
Claims (4)
1. disease-resistant Ru 2006101161 of tomato is characterized in that it is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 20-34 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-25 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 0-48 weight part or
Repone K 0-40 weight part;
Gypsum 0-13 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 0-12 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 0-10 weight part;
The plain 0-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 2-20 weight part;
N+P
2O
5+ K
2O total nutrient: in this Ru 2006101161 gross weight 40-46%.
2. Ru 2006101161 according to claim 1, it is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 22-28 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 20-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 24-40 weight part or
Repone K 20-40 weight part;
Gypsum 5-12 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 4-10 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 2-8 weight part;
The plain 1-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 8-15 weight part.
3. Ru 2006101161 according to claim 1, it is by forming in the following component of weight part:
Urea 24-26 weight part;
Monoammonium phosphate 23-24 weight part;
Vitriolate of tartar 30-35 weight part or
Repone K 30-35 weight part;
Gypsum 8-10 weight part;
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate 6-8 weight part;
Sodium bicarbonate 4-6 weight part;
The plain 2-3 weight part of vigor;
Attapulgite clay 10-12 weight part.
4. according to the described Ru 2006101161 of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that it is pulvis, granule or tablet.
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| CN102432396A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-02 | 石恩友 | Trace-element composite fertilizer |
| CN104003785A (en) * | 2013-02-24 | 2014-08-27 | 陈浩 | Fertilizer composition capable of resisting nematode of tomato |
| CN104045477A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-17 | 南京青庭农业科技有限公司 | Special chemical fertilizer for tomatoes |
| CN104086273A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-08 | 四川鑫圣生物科技有限公司 | Completely-water-soluble fertilizer special for tomatoes |
| CN106397035A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 安徽省寿县板桥草制工艺品有限公司 | Production-increasing disease-resistant fertilizer used for planting novel mat grass |
| CN106396941A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 广德明凯蔬果种植家庭农场 | Novel compound microorganism fertilizer |
| CN106831080A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 山东永大肥业有限公司 | A kind of production technology of high tower Huolisu complex fertilizer |
| CN111279835A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州农业科学院 | Cultivation method of dry rice seeds |
| CN112850752A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-28 | 贵州荣福龙工程科技有限公司 | Method and system for preparing potassium sulfate and co-producing hydrochloric acid by using potassium chloride and sulfuric acid |
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| CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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| CN102432396A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-05-02 | 石恩友 | Trace-element composite fertilizer |
| CN104003785A (en) * | 2013-02-24 | 2014-08-27 | 陈浩 | Fertilizer composition capable of resisting nematode of tomato |
| CN104045477A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-17 | 南京青庭农业科技有限公司 | Special chemical fertilizer for tomatoes |
| CN104045477B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-05-18 | 南京青庭农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tomato chemical fertilizer specially |
| CN104086273A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-08 | 四川鑫圣生物科技有限公司 | Completely-water-soluble fertilizer special for tomatoes |
| CN106831080A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 山东永大肥业有限公司 | A kind of production technology of high tower Huolisu complex fertilizer |
| CN106396941A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 广德明凯蔬果种植家庭农场 | Novel compound microorganism fertilizer |
| CN106397035A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 安徽省寿县板桥草制工艺品有限公司 | Production-increasing disease-resistant fertilizer used for planting novel mat grass |
| CN111279835A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州农业科学院 | Cultivation method of dry rice seeds |
| CN112850752A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-28 | 贵州荣福龙工程科技有限公司 | Method and system for preparing potassium sulfate and co-producing hydrochloric acid by using potassium chloride and sulfuric acid |
| CN113683459A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-23 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Special efficient fertilizer for tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
| CN114885956B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-06-09 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Free growth control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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