CN101913742B - Method for biologically treating and transforming blue algae by using insect larvae - Google Patents
Method for biologically treating and transforming blue algae by using insect larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN101913742B CN101913742B CN2010102212497A CN201010221249A CN101913742B CN 101913742 B CN101913742 B CN 101913742B CN 2010102212497 A CN2010102212497 A CN 2010102212497A CN 201010221249 A CN201010221249 A CN 201010221249A CN 101913742 B CN101913742 B CN 101913742B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for biologically treating and transforming blue algae by using insect larvae, and belongs to the technical field of resource environments. The method comprises the following steps of: after the fished blue algae serous fluid or the dehydrated blue algae mud is hydro-thermally treated, adding a little amount of bran into the blue algae serous fluid or the blue algae mud, and pre-fermenting the mixture for 2 days to prepare a culture material for fly larvae, wherein the thickness of the culture material in a culture tray is 5 to 10 centimeters; inoculating 0.3 gram of fly eggs to the surface of each kilogram of culture material, wherein the point-sowing density is 3 to 5 places per square meter; and placing the culture tray in a room with good ventilation and weak rays, culturing the fly eggs for 3 to 5 days, and harvesting the fly larvae serving as feed protein after the fly larvae is mature. The residue is smell-less and loose, greatly reduces the moisture, has rich nutrient, and can be directly used as a biological organic fertilizer. The method for treating the blue algae is efficient and quick and has high economic benefit.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to make the method that complete resource is utilized that obtains of blue-green algae, belong to technical field of resource environments with biological treatment of chrysomyia megacephala larva and conversion blue-green algae.
Two, background technology
Along with the discharging of industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage, also have some rural activities (like heavy dressing), cause a large amount of nutritive salt to get into the lake, cause the eutrophication of water body to be on the rise, thereby bring out blue-green algae large tracts of land fulminant breeding (wawter bloom phenomenon).Blue-green alga bloom can make sense organ property deteriorations such as water colour and transparency, when blue-green algae breeds, can distribute stench flavor, also can distribute stench during dead rotting.The decomposition of a large amount of breedings of blue-green algae and dead algae, also can consume water in a large amount of oxygen, cause water hypoxia even anaerobic state, cause species in the aquatic community dead or disappear, bio-diversity sharply reduces, function of water body is degenerated.Moreover some kinds in the blue-green algae can produce algae toxin health risk.
After blue-green algae breaks out, directly remove blue-green algae in the water body, and shift out water body, promptly salvage the blue-green algae method, be acknowledged as very effective a kind of method at present.Wuxi City and Kunming local government become the long-term measure of administering the lake with the emergency measure that the blue-green algae of Taihu Lake and Dian Chi is salvaged by reply water supply crisis, have bought a large amount of Salvage and Wreck Removal equipment and professional blue-green algae and have salvaged troop, carry out fixed point and salvage.Wuxi City was salvaged blue-green algae slurries 200,000 M in 2007
3, reached 500,000 M in 2008
3Because the blue-green algae dry matter contains N, P be respectively 7～10% with 0.7-0.8% about, be example only with 2008, blue-green algae is salvaged can take 500 tons of N and 40 tons of P out of, therefore salvaging more blue-green algae helps reducing N in the water body in lake, P content.From now on, salvaging amount also can increase greatly.But be liquid state owing to salvage the blue-green algae that comes out, can't adopt measures such as burying of routine, thereby the blue-green algae after salvaging mostly be poured on gully or lakeside depression.The rotten back of blue-green algae produces the stink that turns one's stomach, and distributes in air, has had a strong impact on environmental quality, does not add in addition and handles rotten blue-green algae because the rain drop erosion effect may flow into the lake once more, causes secondary pollution.The volume of the blue algae water that salvages for reduction utilizes with the blue-green algae that helps the back to reduce floor space, and blue algae dewatering is important treatment measures.Data shows that Wuxi City had adopted the algae water separation technology to carry out blue algae dewatering in 2008, and built bright and beautiful garden algae moisture on the limit, Taihu Lake leaving from station, 5000 tons in the algae water of day processing salvaging.Dehydration back blue-green algae (being also referred to as algae mud) moisture content is that 85%-90% does not wait.Only Wuxi City has 8 fixed algae moisture leaving from station with regard to building at present.Blue-green algae contains protein up to 40%-60%, is a resource that is worth utilization.Yet; Blue-green algae mud after blue-green algae slurries that no matter salvage or the dehydration if do not take measures recycling and safe disposal, then can cause the corrupt stench that produces of protein; Pollute adverse consequencess such as surrounding air and water body, and useful resourceization is also white from having wasted.
The recycling approach has following several method at present:
(1) makes organic manure behind the aerobic composting fermentation
Method is that material that the stalk of blue-green algae mud and saw dust or pulverizing or other content of cellulose is high etc. mixes, and regulates about moisture to 65%～70%, then through ventilating, makes the composting material hot fermentation.Temperature can reach 55～65 ℃, 30～60 days compost time.Can make the blue-green algae odorless through compost treatment, no longer corrupt, can be used as the organic manure of plant, composting process is degradable algae toxin also.For example, grandson's generation medium (2008) is successfully processed fertilizer then with blue-green algae and discarded tobacco leaf hybrid composting.(2003) such as certificate Wang's sums, 1992, the dehydration blue-green algae of Japan was just all realized fertilizerization, annual production 120～180t.This fertilizer application is effective.
(2) biogas fermentation produces biogas
There are not the blue-green algae slurries of dehydration can directly produce biogas.Dong Shixu etc. (2006) find that about 20.2 ℃, 1 restrains the produced 487.3ml biogas of the fresh blue-green algae of dry matter.Zhai Zhijun etc. (2008) report, 5000t (dried algae amount) produces more than 180 ten thousand m
3Biogas, methane content is 64.91% in the biogas.1000M has also been set up in the Wuxi on the limit, Taihu Lake
3Fermentation tank, marsh gas power generation, liquid natural pond, natural pond slag is made fertilizer and is used.
(3) extract utility
Comprise and extract various pigments, extract phycobniliprotein, exocellular polysaccharide, have antibiotic and physiological activator of antiviral activity or the like is arranged.
It is still very high that yet the blue-green algae muddy water after blue-green algae concentrate that no matter salvages or the dehydration divides, and outward appearance is the muddy of thickness, and high moisture utilizes approach that very big harmful effect is all arranged to above-mentioned several kinds.For example, when blue-green algae carries out During High-Temperature Composting, add other much more very auxiliary materials of doing (like the stalk of wood sawdust, pulverizing, mushroom slag etc.) and regulate moisture, the blue-green algae mud of average 1 part of volume will add the auxiliary material of 3 parts of volumes at least, and it is bigger that volume becomes.And want compost for a long time, and generally taking 30-60 days, could accomplish, the influence time of stink is just longer relatively like this, contaminated air.And can account for much, seek other a lot of materials of doing simultaneously again.Because added the material of a lot of adjusting moisture, mainly be that some nitrogen phosphorus nutrient contents are low again, the wood chip that the cellulose equal size is high, stalk, mushroom slag or the like make original protein, and the blue-green algae that nitrogen phosphorus equal size is very high passes through the product quality variation behind such compost.This processing not only cost is very high, and efficient is also not fully up to expectations.
The investment of blue-green algae biogas fermentation is bigger, and specification requirement is high.Because blue-green algae moisture is high, the blue-green algae moisture of process dehydration does not just need a lot of very big fermentation tanks more than 99%, and operating cost is just very high.Also having a problem is exactly that the appearance of blue-green algae is seasonable, mainly concentrates on high 6-8 month of temperature.Just do not have a large amount of blue-green algaes in early spring, autumn, winter, the biogas fermentation facility will be vacant, very waste.
From blue-green algae, extract utility, but the necessary first mummification of blue-green algae, and blue-green algae mummification cost is very high, needs a lot of heats to dry.Extract on the utility actual motion and also have difficulties.
In sum, above-mentioned these methods still have difficulties aspect applying.
Fly is the surprising insect of a kind of fertility; Its larva (fly maggot) protein content is up to more than 60%, and amino acid content is also higher than fish meal, is rare animal protein resource; Also be a kind of important medicine resource, because its body contains abundant materials such as antibacterial peptide.Fly maggot is had a liking for love and in the animals and plants of corruption, is lived, fly maggot handle these corrupt substances of back just never again stink also no longer grow fly, also do not cause and go mouldy, the same as wormcast.Therefore, adopt fly maggot to come processing of waste that feasibility is just arranged very much.Application number is that the patent of 200610132365.5 (a kind of preparation methods of bio-fertilizer) has been introduced the method for preparing organic manure with common house-fly grub and probio processing wheat bran; After the results fly maggot, continue the medium defective material is carried out fermentation process and prepares fertilizer.But wheat bran price high (about 1500 yuan/ton), so production cost is also higher.The patent No. is that the patent of ZL00136355.7 (method of making organic fertilizer by utilizing housefly larva to ecologically treat pig dung) has been introduced a kind of fresh pig manure and cultured behind the fly maggot method as organic manure; Hatching on the fly ovum pig manure and growing into ripe fly maggot only needs 3-5 days, and residue is as organic manure behind the results fly maggot.The patent No. is that the patent of ZL02137815.0 (industrial treatment organic waste, the method for culturing fly maggot and earthworm) has then been introduced behind the garbage sorting organic waste being squeezed; Solid portion is pulverized; Anaerobic fermentation is cultured fly maggot then, and defective material is made organic manure behind the results fly-maggot protein.Yet although the protein content of blue-green algae is more much higher than pig manure, organic waste etc., these cyanophycins are difficult to directly utilized by fly maggot, therefore so far, all have no patent to relate to the report of handling blue-green algae with the fly maggot method.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of handling and transform blue-green algae with chrysomyia megacephala larva (fly maggot).This method has overcome utilizes During High-Temperature Composting, biogas fermentation to handle the deficiency of blue-green algae in the past, low like efficient, the time is long, product quality is relatively poor, occupation of land, investment and operating cost height and economic benefit are low etc.Adopt fly maggot to handle and transform blue-green algae, can in very short time (3-5 days), cyanophycin be converted into the fly maggot animal protein, and defective material short texture, odorless, be rich in nutrient, moisture and significantly reduce, can be directly as bio-organic fertilizer.Therefore reach and both handled blue-green algae, produce effect again than the large economy benefit.
Technical scheme
With biological treatment of chrysomyia megacephala larva and conversion blue-green algae, its characteristic comprises the steps:
1, the preparation of blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Get the blue-green algae slurries of salvaging or the blue-green algae mud after the dehydration, and first hydrothermal treatment consists (120-200 ℃, 1.0-1.5MPa) 30 minutes, to destroy the blue-green algae cell.Add a small amount of wheat bran (10%-30%) by its weight then, the zymocyte liquid (being mainly cellulose decomposition bacteria, protein degradation bacterium, saccharomycete) of inoculation about 5%, spontaneous fermentation 2 days.
2, the preparation of chrysomyia megacephala ovum
From kind of fly breeding cage, get pure chrysomyia megacephala ovum, be used for hatching larva (fly maggot).Fly ovum outward appearance is creamy white, and banana-shaped or ellipse are about 1 millimeter, and 1 gram ovum has 15800.It also can be grown at the high humidity refuse even in loose stool water.
3, the blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating is cultivated fly maggot
The blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating for preparing there is in the culture plate of a groove thickness 5-10cm around evenly being placed into.By the per kilogram material inoculation 0.3 gram ovum standard of (being equivalent to 4000-5000 ovum/kg material), take by weighing a certain amount of chrysomyia megacephala ovum, press every square metre of program request 3-5 place carefully on the composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface then, cover a little with composts or fertilisers of cultivating again.Culture plate is placed in the room that ventilation is good, light is more weak.Room temperature is 20-35 ℃, and relative moisture is 60%-80%, cultivates 3-5 days.
4, fly maggot and cultivation defective material separates and collects
Cultivating fly maggot to the in the time of 4 days, fly maggot is ripe, is light yellow, and it is no longer searched for food, and can climb out of material automatically and in the groove of culture plate, pupate, and at this moment collects fresh fly maggot the groove on every side from culture plate, and at this moment maggot material separation rate is approximately 85%.Also can adopt the active separating method to collect fly maggot and cultivation defective material, method is characteristics of utilizing fly maggot to keep in dark place, and one deck is cultivated defective material above brushing gently and take out with small brushes; So the fly maggot that exposes bores in lower floor's material of unglazed photograph very soon again; And then one deck does not have the cultivation defective material of maggot above brushing gently and take out with brush, carries out so repeatedly, all accumulates in the bottom up to fly maggot; All collect weighing measurement etc. then.
Can also can be used to refine medical substance directly as protein feed after the fly maggot results, like fly maggot oil, chitin, antibacterial peptide etc.It is air-dry as bio-organic fertilizer that defective material is collected the back.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compares with existing blue-green algae treatment technology, has following advantage:
(1) the cacodorous blue-green algae mud of high humidity can be directly after preliminary treatment or only add a small amount of wheat bran (accounting for 10-30%) just can be directly as the feed of fly maggot; Only need 3-5 days processing time behind the larva that inoculates the chrysomyia megacephala ovum or hatch, just can gather in the crops ripe fresh fly maggot.Blue-green algae was cultivated defective material and then became odorless fully this moment, and fluffy residue can be directly as organic manure.Therefore, compare with compost or biogas fermentation, the processing time is short, and efficient is higher.
(2) fly maggot of results is good animal proteins.Fly maggot dry powder crude protein content is up to about 60%, and is suitable with imported fish meal, but every seed amino acid content all is higher than fish meal, must amino acid whose total amount is 2.3 times of fish meal, is the important protein feed, and average every 4-7 ton blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating can produce 1 ton of fresh fly maggot.
(3) environment and economic benefit are obvious.In a short period of time, can make blue-green algae mud refuse decrement 30-40%, and cultivate back waste material odorless, loose, moisture reduces significantly, can be used as fertilizer and uses.The defective material of fly maggot after cultivating can also can be gathered in the crops pure fly maggot as animal protein feed.When obtaining economic benefit, also thoroughly solved the problem of outlet of blue-green algae.
Four, embodiment
Below narrate embodiments of the invention.
1, the preparation of blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Get 30kg blue-green algae mud, first hydrothermal treatment consists (121 ℃ and 1.2MPa) 30 minutes is to destroy the blue-green algae cell.After the cooling, add 20% wheat bran, mixing by its weight.Inoculate the mixed culture fermentation bacterium liquid about 5% then, spontaneous fermentation 2 days.
2, the preparation of chrysomyia megacephala ovum
From kind of fly breeding cage, get the pure chrysomyia megacephala ovum in the 10g left and right sides, be used for hatching larva (fly maggot).
3, the blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating is cultivated fly maggot
The blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating for preparing evenly is placed into to be had in the culture plate of a groove around 2, the length 70cm of dish, wide 50cm, dark 8cm, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating thickness 5cm that packs into.By the per kilogram material inoculation 0.3 gram ovum standard of (being equivalent to 4000-5000 ovum/kg material), each dish takes by weighing 5g chrysomyia megacephala ovum, and at composts or fertilisers of cultivating surface program request 4 points, every number of spots is system roughly, covers a little with composts or fertilisers of cultivating more then.Culture plate is placed in the room that ventilation is good, light is more weak.Room temperature is 24 ℃, and relative moisture is about 70%.In incubation, measure the temperature of every basin composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and observe cosmetic variation.
4, fly maggot and cultivation defective material separates and collects
The characteristics of utilizing fly maggot to keep in dark place; One deck is cultivated defective material above brushing gently and take out with small brushes, so the fly maggot that exposes bores in lower floor's material of unglazed photograph very soon again, and then brushes and take out the cultivation defective material that top one deck does not have maggot gently with brush; Carry out so repeatedly; All accumulate in the bottom up to fly maggot, all collect weighing measurement etc. then.
5, mensuration project and index
(1) mensuration of fly maggot weight, quantity, one-tenth ratio alive etc. in the culture plate
All fly maggots in each culture plate are collected in the glass culture dish, taken by weighing the weight of fresh fly maggot, to a fly maggot counting number, calculate the weight of average each fly maggot then with counter with electronic scale.Be calculated to be the weight or the like of the fly maggot of motility rate, every dish composts or fertilisers of cultivating Unit Weight output according to the quantity of the number of ovum and the last ripe fly maggot that obtains.Every basin is got 20 fly maggots arbitrarily, kills with 80 ℃ hot water, and is long with its body of scale ruler amount then.
(2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating and fly maggot determination of moisture
In baking oven, use moisture analysis.Method is, claims that the composts or fertilisers of cultivating (before the test with the test back) or the fly maggot of constant weight is put in the glass culture dish, is put in the baking oven 105 ℃ of oven dry down, claims before the oven dry and oven dry back moisture loss amount with electronic scale, calculates moisture content then.
(3) temperature measuring
In the maggot grow process, measure the temperature of composts or fertilisers of cultivating every day with thermometer, and keep a record.
(4) nutrient of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and fly maggot is measured
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating is organic before and after mainly measuring and handling, nitrogen full dose and available nitrogen content; Fly maggot is mainly measured gross protein value, is converted into crude protein content again through measuring full nitrogen.
6, main result
Behind the inoculation fly maggot ovum, the 4th day results fly maggot obtains the fresh fly maggot of 2.54kg in the blue-green algae composts or fertilisers of cultivating, average heavy 13mg, length 11mm, fly maggot moisture 75%, protein content 62% (dry matter meter).Handle the heavy 22kg of back defective material, gross weight reduces 41%, the content of organic matter 74.8% (dry matter meter), and total nitrogen 3.72% (dry matter meter), outward appearance is pitchy, odorless, quality is loose.
Claims (2)
1. chrysomyia megacephala larva biological treatment and transform the method for blue-green algae is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) blue-green algae is earlier through the hydrothermal treatment consists preliminary treatment;
(2) with pretreated blue-green algae and the wheat bran mixed culture fermentation that accounts for blue-green algae weight 10%-30% 2 days, be prepared into chrysomyia megacephala larva composts or fertilisers of cultivating;
(3) in the per kilogram composts or fertilisers of cultivating add 0.3 the gram ratio the chrysomyia megacephala ovum is added in the top layer of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, in the more weak room of light, under 20-35 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days;
(4) after the larva maturation, results and with cultivate defective material and separate, cultivate the air-dry back of defective material as bio-organic fertilizer.
2. the method for a kind of chrysomyia megacephala larva biological treatment according to claim 1 and conversion blue-green algae is characterized in that blue-green algae described in the step (1) is meant at 120-200 ℃ through hydrothermal treatment consists earlier, and 1.0-1.5MPa handled 30 minutes down.
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| ES2551259B2 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-06-06 | Universidad De Alicante | Procedure of accumulation and extraction of unicellular microalgae fats by larval digestion of diptera insects |
| CN108552119A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-21 | 贵州医科大学 | Polygonum capitatum discards the processing method of the dregs of a decoction |
| CN110352913B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏科泰生态农业科技有限公司 | Ecological cycle resource comprehensive utilization method for organic waste biological treatment and application |
| CN110526530B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-12-29 | 江南大学 | Method for harmlessly treating blue algae by using microorganism and maggot composite system |
| CN111264473B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-09-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for breeding Exorista bigelovii by utilizing galleria mellonella |
| CN112425569B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-08-09 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Method for efficiently separating and culturing substrate and fly maggots |
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| US7112716B2 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2006-09-26 | The General Hospital Corporation | Methods for screening and identifying host pathogen defense genes |
| CN1182079C (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2004-12-29 | 贵阳医学院 | Method for making organic fertilizer by utilizing housefly larva to ecologically treat pig dung |
| JP2004222704A (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2004-08-12 | Kentaro Kawakami | Apparatus for cultivating firefly and method for cultivating the same |
| CN100494121C (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2009-06-03 | 广东省昆虫研究所 | Preparation method of biofertilizer |
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