JP2004222704A - Apparatus for cultivating firefly and method for cultivating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for cultivating fireflies, capable of easily, surly, efficiently, and safely catching the fireflies in a chrysalid state, and suitable for transporting the fireflies after catching them, and to provide a method for cultivating the same. <P>SOLUTION: This apparatus for cultivating the fireflies is composed of a simulated brook the bottom of which is scattered with sand, or the like, at least one simulated bank which is positioned on one of sides of the apparatus and used so that firefly larvae land thereon, and a housing, wherein the apparatus is further equipped with a floor face mounted on an upper face of the simulated bank, a box-type container for receiving soil laid on the floor face, forming a part of the stimulated bank, and capable of being taken out of the apparatus, and units for supplying and discharging fresh water. The method for cultivating the fireflies comprises utilizing the apparatus. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for cultivating fireflies and a device for cultivating fireflies, and more particularly, it is possible to capture firefly pupae and adults very easily, efficiently, safely and reliably, and without taking extra time for the captured pupae. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a firefly cultivation apparatus and a firefly cultivation method that can be easily transported in a suitable environment and can be easily emerged at a desired place.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The habitat of fireflies is extremely sensitive to so-called pollution, and recently habitats have been extremely destructed, and almost no native fireflies have been found throughout Japan.
For this reason, attempts have been made to breed fireflies, but it is very difficult to create a suitable habitat for a small-scale or small-scale one. There is no fact.
[0003]
Also, even if there is a place where it naturally grows, it is almost impossible to move the fireflies to another place to reproduce them because the growth environment of the fireflies is extremely limited as described above.
For this reason, there are many children who do not know fireflies, it is not preferable for emotional education, and firefly habitat is also a barometer of the natural environment as it is, so increasing firefly habitat is environmental purification. Because firefighting is also a good thing, fireflies are being bred naturally and artificially.
[0004]
Restoring the natural habitat for fireflies to grow is, on the other hand, relocating fireflies to a place where they have regained a favorable habitat; It is very important to move as little as possible in the growing environment at that time.
However, in the current situation, even if it is somewhat easy to capture and move at the stage of eggs and larvae, the environment and facilities at the destination must be in place and there are restrictions.
On the other hand, capturing and moving at the stage of pupa may be the same or less at the destination environment and facilities than at the stage of eggs and larvae, but there are significant restrictions on capturing and moving itself. .
[0005]
For example, capturing and migrating at the pupa stage is subject to numerous difficulties and limitations. In the fireflies that grow in the natural world, larvae generally rise from the middle of the river to the banks of the river in April and become pupae in the soil. Over a long period of the week, and because it is not possible to determine where it has penetrated to the bank, to surely capture the pupa, dug up a wide area of the bank to find and capture the pupa, and the dug bank immediately returns to the next larva You have to backfill it and prepare it for coming.
In such work, not only is it impossible to capture the pupa accurately, but also there is a great risk of damaging the pupa. The capture rate is extremely low. In addition, since it is not possible to exactly know at which point the pupae were captured at the time of growth, it is not preferable for the subsequent growth management.
[0006]
Even with the firefly cultivation equipment that has been conventionally provided, the capture of pupae does not change much in nature in terms of capturing pupae, so capture pupae sequentially according to long-term pupation, capture without damaging pupae It is very difficult to do so, except to collectively collect before eclosion, but it is difficult to capture stochastically and without damage, even though it is somewhat easier than in the natural state. It remains the same and is completely unsuitable for capturing in the pupal state, aside from the circulating breeding environment.
In addition, it is needless to say that it is preferable that the growth environment close to the pupa is not changed as much as possible during capture, but in the past, such a thing was almost impossible.
[0007]
As described above, conventionally, several proposals have been made for firefly cultivation apparatuses, but all of them are intended only to cultivate fireflies on an experimental scale and at best, Nothing has been developed for that purpose with a view to capturing fireflies at some stage of growth, cultivating them at a so-called high yield, and even moving (transporting) the catches.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention realizes such easy, reliable, efficient and safe capture, especially at the stage of the firefly pupa, and the safe, easy and high survival rate of the captured pupa, and the firefly product developed therefrom. The purpose is to contribute to the development.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, in order to solve the above-described problems, laying sand on the bottom, a pebble, small rocks and the like scattered on the sand, a pseudo-river, a fire embankment for firefly larvae provided on at least one side of the pseudo-river, A firefly that has a net-shaped lid at least in part of the ceiling, surrounds the pseudo brook and the pseudo bank, and basically has a housing formed so that the upstream side of the pseudo brook is high and the downstream side is low. In the aquaculture equipment of the above, a floor surface with a wastewater function provided on the top surface of a dummy bank for landing, a part of a pseudobank with wastewater function that contains soil suitable for pupation of firefly larvae placed on the floor , A box-type container that can be taken out, a supply device for fresh water provided upstream of the pseudo brook, and a discharge device for fresh water provided downstream of the pseudo brook.
[0010]
The soil in the box-shaped container may be a natural soil, but is preferably an artificial pseudo soil composed of sand, rice husk, sawdust, humus and / or clayey soil from the viewpoint of breeding treatment.
It is not preferable that the box-shaped container is too large for the purpose of the present invention. The degree to which one worker can easily handle the object in the soil is good.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, it is not necessary to place one or a few large containers on the floor of the embankment, but to place many small containers. Alternatively, it is preferable from the viewpoint of management.
Preferably, the box-shaped container is provided with a partition. It is extremely preferable to remove only the soil of the partition section containing the pupa in small units while remaining in the pupa, because it can be taken out in a small-scale state that is easy to handle without damaging the pupa at all and without affecting other soils .
[0011]
Further, instead of a fixed partition, a plurality of small boxes having a wastewater function and having an open top (that is, no lid) are arranged in a box-shaped container, and the small box is simulated. Putting the soil into the larvae of fireflies and turning them into pupae can be taken out in small box units, and a new box can be replaced in the place of the small box taken out, which is efficient It is very preferable because it is economical and can capture the pupa together with the soil without affecting the other soil at all.
[0012]
If this small box is made of non-woven fabric, felt, wood chips, waste paper, etc., the material itself is an open-cell porous body and has a waste water function, so there is no need to provide a waste water mechanism. is there.
There is no particular limitation on the size of the small box, but it is preferable that the size of the small box be such that fireflies larvae are not so many. For example, it is optimal to have one or two larvae.
The planar shape of the small box is not particularly limited, such as a square, a square, a triangle, a polygon, and a circle.
Further, instead of juxtaposing the same small boxes in one box-shaped container, it is also possible to appropriately juxtapose containers having different sizes and shapes.
It is preferable to install a water thermometer in the water of the waterway and a thermometer at an appropriate place outside the waterway inside the apparatus, preferably above the pseudo embankment. Firefly landing, pupation, emergence, etc. are closely related to temperature, and it is important to know environmental temperature in aquaculture. Although the water temperature can be controlled and regulated by the source of the running water, it is important to know the actual temperature of the water channel in the device where the larva actually lives.
[0013]
In the present invention, since the larvae or pupae are trapped as they are in the soil, the growth environment of the larvae or pupae is not changed or impaired at all, and the firefly larva dives into the soil on the embankment. Since the larvae can be captured accurately in a short period of time after the larvae have caught, the larvae dive into the soil with little variation in the growth stage of the solids, and can be captured accurately. It can be said that it is extremely preferable for management until the emergence.
Still further, another advantage of soil-based capture at a time as in the present invention is that management in the state of the pupa after capture has little adverse effect on the pupa even without supplying water or oxygen to the living body for a long time. It is extremely simple and easy to manage, since it is not possible. Therefore, long-distance transport for a long time with a high survival rate can be easily performed. Such ease of movement is an indispensable condition for breeding fireflies in other places, and also for commercializing fireflies, and the present invention makes it possible to realize them.
[0014]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing examples.
1 is a schematic bird's-eye view of a firefly cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 with a lid removed, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.
This device is basically made of wood, and waterproof coating, waterproof putty, etc. are applied to necessary parts to prevent water leakage and waterproof / preservative measures.
1 is a housing, 2 is a water channel (simulated stream), 3 is an embankment wall, 4 is a floor provided on the upper surface of the embankment, 5 is a pseudo embankment in which a small box 8 in which a pseudo soil 7 is put in a box-shaped container 6 is juxtaposed. is there.
[0015]
This device had a total length of about 7.5 m, a width of 1.2 m, and a height of 70 cm, and was installed so as to be inclined about 50 cm above the river.
Sand 9 is spread on the bottom of the water channel (simulated stream) 2 and small rocks 10 whose size is exposed on the water surface at the time of flowing water are scattered at an average interval of more than ten small rocks and immersed in water. A large number of pebbles were scattered on the sand.
A water supply port 11 was provided in the upper portion of the housing side wall on the upstream side, and a drainage port 12 was provided in the lowermost portion of the downstream side wall at a position below the water surface of the water channel (pseudo brook) 2. It is convenient to provide a cock for adjusting the amount of water at each of the water supply port and the drain port, so that the amount of water flowing through the water channel (pseudo stream) 2 can be appropriately adjusted.
[0016]
A large number of wastewater holes 13 are provided on the floor surface 4 of the embankment.
Reference numeral 14 denotes a crosspiece for receiving a net-shaped canopy 15. In FIG. 1, the canopy 15 is partially opened, and the canopy is omitted in FIGS. 2 and 3.
2 and 3, reference numeral 16 denotes a water thermometer, and 17 denotes a thermometer.
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show details of the box-shaped container 6 forming a part of the embankment and the small box 8 juxtaposed in the box-shaped container.
[0017]
The box-shaped container 6 is a plastic basket-shaped container having a length of 40 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a height of 8 cm. The boxes 8 shown in FIG. Filled a mixed pseudo soil 7 consisting of sand, rice husk, sawdust, humus and clayey soil. Same as above but not too hard.
The box 8 is made of a polyester fiber non-woven fabric, and the top surface (the ceiling) is open. Therefore, there is no need to provide a wastewater mechanism because the box itself has a water-permeable function.
In the above-mentioned apparatus, 18 box-shaped containers 6 each containing the box body 8 are arranged on one side in the longitudinal direction.
[0018]
Fireflies were cultivated using this apparatus.
In August, about 1500 larvae of Genji firefly were released into the waterway (simulated stream). Larvae were adopted from the largest.
Tap water was descaled and left for several days into the water channel (simulated stream) at an average rate of 10 l / min. The water was used cyclically, but the whole was replaced with a new one every day.
[0019]
Kawana was released together with the waterway, and cabbage, lettuce, and watercress were appropriately fed to Kawana. Kawanina was given from November in an appropriate amount according to the growth of the larva. The larvae were fed about 15 kg of Kawana by the time they finished landing. The dead kawanina shells were left unremoved.
From April of the following year, the larva landed and entered the artificial soil and began to pupate. However, where the larva entered the artificial soil, the larvae were left dug on the surface. The simulated soil was taken out in box units, and after taking out, a new box containing simulated soil was replenished. In this way, all the larvae that landed and entered the simulated soil and pupated could be captured.
[0020]
The total number of pupae captured was about 800. The landed larvae (pupae) should have been able to capture almost 100%, so the survival rate of the larvae is about 60%, which is not only the survival rate in the natural world but also the average survival rate in the case of general conventional artificial culture. There was a much higher survival rate.
Furthermore, the capture rate of those that have landed and pupated is almost 100%, and this capture rate can be said to be an epoch-making effect of the firefly cultivation apparatus of the present invention, particularly the replaceable artificial bank and artificial soil.
[0021]
Although the firefly cultivation apparatus of the present invention is extremely suitable for securely and safely capturing pupae as described above, it is needless to say that the apparatus can also be preferably used for cyclical cultivation of fireflies.
In that case, it is possible to circulate and breed fireflies by leaving the pupated pupa without capturing it and leaving a part of the pupa as it is to evolve into adults, lay eggs on the adults, and hatch the eggs into larvae.
[0022]
The number of eggs laid by a single firefly female depends on the environment (eg, food) and individual differences. However, since about 300 to 500 eggs are laid, many pupae remain when this device alone is used. No need.
In the case of circulation culture using this apparatus, moss is laid on a portion of the small rock above the water surface that emerges from the water surface in a water channel (simulated brook) to provide a spawning site.
In the case of recirculating aquaculture, a reticulated lid is indispensable at least at the time when adults emerge. It is preferable to prevent the invasion of an external enemy or foreign matter from the outside at another time.
Although the firefly cultivation apparatus of the present invention can be installed outdoors or indoors, it can be said that it is preferable to install it outdoors in the sense of affecting natural conditions as much as possible.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the apparatus for cultivating fireflies of the present invention, fireflies are easily, reliably, and efficiently in a state where larvae are buried in the soil or in a pupa state and with no change in the growth environment of the larvae or pupae, with the soil as it is. Can be captured properly and safely.
Therefore, subsequent growth management can be performed very easily, and the yield of living organisms after capture can be extremely high.
In addition, since it is possible to capture with little variation in the growth time, management of the growth of the fireflies after capture, for example, emergence at almost the same time, can be performed very easily.
Furthermore, since the larvae or pupae of the pupae that have been captured can be captured for a long time over a long distance, they can be captured independently in units of small containers. The ease of movement is very useful not only for breeding fireflies elsewhere, but also for commercializing fireflies.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic bird's-eye view of a firefly cultivation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the firefly cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a box-shaped container of artificial soil.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a box housed in a box-shaped container.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Housing 2 Waterway (simulated brook)
3 embankment wall 4 pseudo embankment floor 5 pseudo embankment 6 box type container 7 pseudo soil 8 small box 9 sand 10 small rock 11 water supply port 12 drain port 13 floor drain hole

Claims (8)

A pseudo-river with sand laid on the bottom and pebbles and small rocks scattered on the sand, a fire-floor quay embankment on at least one side of the pseudo-river, and a net-like lid on at least part of the ceiling In a firefly cultivation apparatus basically having a housing which surrounds the artificial brook and the artificial bank, and which is formed so that the upstream side of the artificial brook is high and the downstream side is low.
Floor surface with wastewater function provided on the upper surface of the embankment for landing,
A removable box-shaped container that accommodates soil suitable for pupation of firefly larvae placed on the floor and forms part of a pseudo embankment having a wastewater function,
A fresh water supply device installed upstream of the artificial brook,
A fresh water discharge device installed downstream of the artificial brook,
And a firefly cultivation apparatus. The firefly cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the soil contained in the box-shaped container is a simulated soil composed of sand, rice husk, sawdust, humus and / or clayey soil. The firefly cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of box-shaped containers are juxtaposed on the floor surface of the landing embankment. 4. The apparatus for cultivating fireflies according to claim 1, wherein a partition is provided in the box-shaped container. The firefly cultivation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of small boxes having a wastewater function and having an open upper part are arranged side by side in the box-shaped container instead of the partition. Basically, artificial cultivation equipment consisting of a simulated brook and a simulated embankment containing a cultivated soil is released. A method for cultivating fireflies, comprising: causing firefly larvae to climb into the inside of the larvae and pupating the larvae in a box-shaped container. In an artificial culture device, which is basically a closed environment consisting of a simulated brook and a simulated bank including a box-shaped container containing culture soil, and a housing forming a closed space with air permeability surrounding the whole, The firefly larva and the crab are released and reared together, and the firefly larva is climbed in a box-shaped container on a simulated embankment, the firefly larva is pupated in the box-shaped container, and the pupa is evolved and emerged. A method of cultivating fireflies, comprising circulating this process, in which the eggs are hatched, eggs are hatched to produce larvae, and the larvae grown in the artificial brook are pupated in a box-shaped container of the artificial bank. The whole or a part of the pupated pupa is taken out together with the box-shaped container and reared in a different environment to obtain an adult, and a new box-shaped container containing soil is placed after the box-shaped container taken out. The method for cultivating fireflies according to claim 6 or 7.

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