JP3836771B2 - Pond ecosystem conservation method and floating structure used in the method and its attached equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pond ecosystem conservation method and a floating structure used in the method, and its associated equipment, and in particular, defines a phytoplankton, zooplankton, small fish, and juvenile fish habitat in the pond by the floating structure and its associated equipment. Realize the stable growth and habitat of each organism using the food chain between the organisms, and increase the floating structure and its attached facilities, thereby increasing the ecosystem conservation effect from the local area. The present invention relates to a pond ecosystem conservation method designed to stably maintain a wide-area ecosystem.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in some lakes and reservoirs (hereinafter simply referred to as ponds), pollution of organic water due to wastewater flowing from the basin has gradually progressed, and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the wastewater. Eutrophication by is progressing. As a result, phytoplankton such as algae has rapidly increased in lakes, reservoirs and reservoirs (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as ponds), and only the types of fish that can withstand this increase. In addition, the balance of ecosystems in the pond is often easily lost due to the introduction of fish that are resistant to deterioration of the water environment in the pond, such as foreign fish suitable for sports fishing such as bass. There was no related prior art document to be referred to regarding the prior art.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Regarding the water purification in such a pond, its effect has been confirmed by measures such as collecting plants grown by absorbing a large amount of nutrient salts from aquatic plants, but there are many difficulties in their practical application. It has been known. On the other hand, there is a method of intensively capturing exotic fish, etc., against the disturbance of the balance of the ecosystem due to exotic fish, etc., but if you consider the quantity, the labor of capturing, etc. It is unrealistic and it is difficult to conserve the entire ecosystem of the target pond.
[0004]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the conventional techniques by considering the food chain. As its method, by dividing the underwater area as a habitat area of phytoplankton, zooplankton, small organisms etc. in the pond etc. using the floating structure and its attached equipment, providing an appropriate growth environment for each habitat area, The objective is to provide a pond ecosystem conservation method that locally preserves a stable ecosystem in a pond, etc., and further expands it in the pond.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms a double bottomless cylinder inside and outside on a lower surface of a floating structure having sufficient buoyancy in a part of a pond, and the water under the floating structure is formed on the outer periphery. A first mesh member that divides the pond portion and a second mesh member that divides the partitioned water space into water spaces inside and outside the central water space and the outer peripheral water space, Floating in the central water space, the other end floats a floating structure composed of a feeding pipe connected from a water collecting port for collecting phytoplankton located near the water surface outside the floating structure, and its associated equipment, The zooplankton that is supplied to the central water space via the feeding pipe is ingested by the zooplankton that inhabits the central water space, and the zooplankton that has grown and proliferated and passed through the eyes of the second reticular body, In the outer peripheral water space The floating body is ingested as a prey for small-breathed fish and juvenile fish, and is intended to preserve the ecosystem in the pond by confirming its conservation effect by promoting the growth and respiration of the small and juvenile fish in the peripheral water space. It is characterized by the expansion of the ecosystem conservation scale in the pond by adding the structure and its ancillary equipment.
[0006]
As a structure to realize the conservation of the ecosystem in the pond, a floating structure that can move with sufficient buoyancy in a part of the pond, and a double bottomless cylindrical shape inside and outside the floating structure The first net-like body that is suspended in the water and partitions the water under the floating structure from the outer pond portion, and the partitioned water space further inside and outside the central water space and the outer peripheral water space. A second reticulate body partitioned into a water space, and a feeding pipe connected from a water collecting port for collecting phytoplankton, one end of which protrudes into the central water space and the other end of which is located near the water surface outside the floating structure. The phytoplankton supplied to the central water space through the feeding pipe is ingested by the zooplankton that inhabits the central water space, and grows and proliferates to pass through the eyes of the second reticulate body Zooplankton Small fish that live in the space, is ingested as food fry, the small fish in the peripheral water space, characterized in that so as achieve the growth-inhabiting the juvenile.
[0007]
It is preferable that the mesh of the first mesh body is coarser than the mesh of the second mesh body, and allows the passage of the mesh of some small fish and juvenile fish.
[0008]
Further, it is preferable that the feeding pipe supply a pond water rich in the phytoplankton into the central water space by an operation in which a pump is disposed in the pipe path and the time of the pump is set.
[0009]
In particular, the pump is preferably operated in the daytime with electric power generated by a solar cell installed on a part of the upper surface of the floating structure.
[0010]
Further, the floating structure is a natural or artificial object already existing in the pond, and the first structure, the second structure, and the feeding pipe are provided on the lower surface of the floating structure to perform the same function. By obtaining it, cost saving, expansion of effects, consideration of the water environment, etc. can be achieved.
[0011]
Due to the structure of the floating structure and its attached equipment, in the present invention, pond water near the water surface rich in phytoplankton is supplied to the central water space by pumping pumping action to feed the zooplankton, and inhabit and propagate to the zooplankton. In addition, it can provide a space for habitat and breeding in the surrounding water space to protect small fish and larvae that feed on zooplankton from predation of live and large fish. Conservation can be ensured, and the floating structure and its attached equipment can be expanded and installed in the pond one by one, so that a wide-area ecosystem can be preserved in the pond.
[0012]
Furthermore, there is an example in which an artificial floating island is floated in the pond and the upper part is used. In this type of floating structure, a double compartmentalized water space by the above-mentioned mesh body is provided on the lower surface thereof, a feeding pipe having a water collecting port for collecting phytoplankton is provided, and zooplankton is provided in the central water space. The same operation can be realized by providing equipment for supplying the bait.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pond ecosystem conservation method according to the present invention, a floating structure used in the method, and its attached equipment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG.1 and FIG.2 has shown one Embodiment of the floating structure used for the ecosystem maintenance method in a pond, and its attachment equipment 1. FIG. The floating structure and its auxiliary equipment 1 have an artificial floating island 10 as a floating structure that can move with sufficient buoyancy, and the inside and outside of the artificial floating island 10 fixed on the lower surface of the artificial floating island 10 and immersed in the pond. First and second double nets 20 and 30 that are suspended and divide the surrounding water space under the artificial floating island 10 into a central water space 2 and a partitioned water space inside and outside the outer peripheral water space 3; The feeding pipe 40 is formed with one end protruding into the central water space 2 and the other end formed with a water intake port located near the water surface outside the artificial floating island 10.
[0014]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the artificial floating island 10 has a square shape with a side of about 0.5 to 3 m and a height of about 0.2 to 0.7 m in plan view. It is a flat cuboid-shaped floating structure, and thin wood is used on the side, and half logs with a bark attached to the side so that a natural texture appears. Since the main member uses wood such as thinned wood, it has a certain buoyancy even when the upper part is used. In addition to the boat-like and cage-shaped artificial floating islands 10, the floating structure includes a cage structure that combines wood such as thinned wood, a vegetation floating island that combines plant fiber bundles and buoyant bodies, etc. As long as it has a buoyancy that can support the structure, various shapes and structures can be employed.
[0015]
The double nets 20 and 30 have a total length (total height) determined in accordance with the depth of the pond, but in order to regulate the entry and exit of fish from the lower end open side, It is preferable to set appropriately about 5 to 3 m. In the present embodiment, double nets 20 and 30 are attached so as to partition the central water space 2, the outer peripheral water space 3, and the external pond water space. The upper end of each mesh body is connected to fixtures (not shown) provided at predetermined locations on the outer peripheral edge and inner periphery of the lower surface of the floating island 10 so that the entire mesh body can be suspended in water. Weights 21 and 31 such as metal chains are attached to the lower end of the net-like body along the extension direction so that the lower end of the net does not swing greatly in water. A plurality of anchor ropes 13 are suspended from the artificial floating island 10 to the bottom of the water, and the positions are secured by anchors (not shown) thrown at the bottom of the water.
[0016]
In the present embodiment, a polyethylene resin net having a mesh size of 2 mm is used for the inner peripheral net 30 as the second net that forms the water space in the center. The net (mesh) has a mesh size of 2 to 5 mm. With this size, the swimming zooplankton can pass, but the endemic small fish and young fish cannot pass.
[0017]
Furthermore, one end of a feeding pipe 40 is connected to the water surrounded by the inner circumferential mesh 30, that is, the central water space 2. This feeding pipe 40 is used for the pond water in which phytoplankton staying in the vicinity of the water surface around the artificial floating island 10 is prosperous. Can be supplied to. Thereby, the phytoplankton contained abundantly in the pond water is supplied as the feed for the zooplankton contained in the pond water in the central water space 2.
[0018]
A part of the zooplankton that has grown by ingesting the phytoplankton supplied to the central water space 2 through the feeding pipe 40 passes through the mesh of the mesh body 30 and swims to the outer peripheral water space 3. These zooplankton serve as food for small fish and juvenile fish that live in the outer circumferential water space 3.
[0019]
On the other hand, the scale of the mesh body 20 installed so as to partition the water surrounded by the outer periphery mesh body 20 as the first mesh body, that is, the outer periphery water space 3 and the external pond water space, is as follows. In the form, it is set to 10 mm. The mesh of the outer perimeter mesh 20 is preferably 10 to 20 mm. With this scale, a small fish or a young fish that can swim can pass, but a medium or large fish that prey on the small fish or the young fish cannot pass. Therefore, small fish and young fish that have inhabited and proliferated in the outer water space using zooplankton as a food will swim outside this reticulate body, and these will become the food for animal food medium and large fish that live outside the reticulate body.
[0020]
In this way, the floating structure of the present invention and its accessory equipment are provided with the outer perimeter mesh (first mesh) 20 and the inner perimeter mesh (second mesh) 30 below and surrounding water space of the artificial floating island 10. By partitioning it, it is possible to provide a stable feed for so-called fixed animal food medium and large fish that have inhabited the pond, and as a result, these animal species can be stably propagated. It is possible to prevent large-scale breeding of non-native animal food fish and herbivorous fish. This will help to maintain a stable local ecosystem within the pond. The ratio of the flat area of the central water space 2 where the zooplankton is inhabited and propagated and the area of the outer water space 3 where the habitat and breed of small fish and juveniles are inhabited is the viewpoint of securing prey food. To about 1: 2.5-3. As the material of the net-like body to be used, an inexpensive polyethylene resin fiber, polyamide resin fiber (nylon fiber), polypropylene resin fiber, etc., which is a net-like body generally used for fishing nets, etc., having a suitable mesh size is used. be able to.
[0021]
The feeding pipe 40 is a device for supplying pond water near the surface layer where a large amount of phytoplankton exists in the vicinity of the floating island 10 to the water space in the inner net body, and this embodiment is used for supplying water through the pipe. Then, the small vertical flow pump 41 is installed in the pipe path. In addition, a funnel-shaped water collection port 42 is provided on the water collection side so that the phytoplankton in a lump state can be taken in without breaking it. Electric power for operating the pump is supplied by a solar cell 14 installed on the upper part of the floating island 10. In addition, the storage battery B can be provided inside the floating island 10 and charged using a solar cell, a generator, or power supplied from the outside, and can be operated only for a predetermined time in the daytime or an arbitrarily set time. Moreover, as a pump, although not shown in figure, it is also preferable to use the air lift pump of the double pipe structure which provided the air supply pipe in the pipe | tube.
[0022]
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are a perspective view showing a modification of the floating body structure and its attached equipment, and a front view showing a part thereof cut out. FIG. 3 shows a modification in which a plurality of artificial floating islands 10 are used to secure a relatively wide range of ecosystem conservation areas. The double mesh bodies 20 and 30 are drooped in water so as to surround the outer periphery of the four floating islands 10 that the outer peripheral mesh bodies 20 are set apart from each other, and four points on the inner side where the four floating islands 10 face each other. The inner perimeter mesh body 30 is suspended in water by using (see FIG. 4). Each artificial floating island 10 is connected by a connecting member 15 having a pin connection structure, but the volume of the water space surrounded by the outer peripheral mesh 20 can be appropriately set by changing the length of the connecting member 15 and the like. In this case, it is preferable to appropriately estimate the ecological balance of zooplankton and small animals inhabiting each water space, and to determine the operation time of the pump so that the phytoplankton necessary for this is supplied from the feeding pipe 40. And what is necessary is just to install in the floating island 10 the solar cell 14 and storage battery (not shown) of the area which can ensure the capacity | capacitance which can ensure electric power required in order to drive | operate a pump.
[0023]
FIG. 4B is a front view showing a modification in which a plurality of central water spaces 2 inhabiting zooplankton are installed in the outer peripheral water space 3 in the floating structure and its attached equipment. For example, in a pond with a high nutrient concentration and a large amount of phytoplankton, the inner perimeter mesh 30 is likely to be clogged when supplied through the feeding pipe 40. In such a case, the mesh size of the inner perimeter mesh body 30 is slightly increased, the clogging state of the independent inner perimeter mesh body is sometimes checked, and the mesh body portion is cleaned or replaced on the spot. can do. The removed inner perimeter mesh may be washed and reused.
[0024]
The upper space of the floating island 10 is used as a flower bed in the present embodiment. In addition to flower beds, this part can be used for multiple purposes such as vegetation and wild bird nesting. In natural ponds and artificial ponds such as parks, temples and shrines, tourism is aesthetically adorned on the upper surface of this floating island 10 in the form of cocoon-shaped or blooming small potted flowering plants artificially cultivated in a greenhouse for the purpose of landscape maintenance. A so-called floating flower bed can be arranged. In such a floating island 10, it is preferable to finish with the natural texture covered with the bark like this Embodiment.
[0025]
In large water areas such as lakes and dam reservoirs where the water depth is large, it is particularly effective to conserve ecosystems and diversify ecosystems by providing a large number of floating structures and their associated equipment. In such a case, a large number of artificial floating islands constituting the floating structure and its attached equipment are connected to ensure a large floating body area, an artificial soil layer is formed on the upper surface, and wild plants that grow in the vicinity are transplanted. It is preferable to provide planting in harmony with the surrounding environment. By forming these environments, it is possible to provide habitats for small animals such as surrounding insects and amphibians, and to provide food, rest or nesting grounds for birds that feed on them. Can contribute to the conservation of natural ecosystems.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the phytoplankton, zooplankton and small fish, which inhabit the pond, partition the habitat area of the young fish, and stable growth of each organism utilizing the food chain between each organism, By realizing a place of inhabitant and expanding its floating structure and its ancillary facilities, it is possible to stably maintain a wide-area ecosystem gradually from a local area to its ecosystem conservation effect. There is an effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of a floating structure and its attached equipment used in a pond ecosystem conservation method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a part of the floating structure shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view showing a modification of the floating structure and its attached equipment.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a modification of the floating structure and its attached equipment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating structure and attached equipment 2 Central water space 3 Outer periphery water space 10 Artificial floating island 11 Exterior material 12 Buoyant body 20 Outer periphery network 30 Inner periphery network 40 Feeding pipe

Claims (6)

A first net-like body that forms a double bottomless cylinder inside and outside on a lower surface of a floating body structure having sufficient buoyancy in a part of the pond, and divides the water under the floating body structure from the outer pond part; Suspending the partitioned water space into a second net-like body that partitions the water space inside and outside the central water space and the outer peripheral water space, one end protruding into the central water space, and the other end Floating structure composed of a feeding pipe connected from a water collecting port for collecting phytoplankton located near the water surface outside the floating structure and its attached equipment are floated and supplied to the central water space via the feeding pipe A zooplankton that inhabits the central water space, and a small fish that grows and proliferates and passes through the eyes of the second reticulate body, and inhabits the peripheral water space, Ingested as food for young fish By preserving the ecosystem in the pond by growing and habiting the small fish and juvenile fish in the peripheral water space, and adding the floating structure and its attached equipment while confirming the conservation effect A method for preserving an ecosystem in a pond characterized by expanding the scale of ecosystem conservation in the pond. A floating structure that can move with sufficient buoyancy in a part of the pond, and a bottom structure of the floating structure that is suspended in water in a double bottomless shape inside and outside, A first reticulated body that divides the pond portion from the outer pond portion, a second reticulated body that further divides the partitioned water space into water spaces inside and outside of the central water space and the outer peripheral water space, A feeding pipe connected to a water collecting port that collects phytoplankton, the other end of which protrudes into the central water space and the other end is located near the water surface outside the floating structure, and is connected to the central water space via the feeding pipe. A small fish that ingests the phytoplankton that is supplied to the zooplankton that inhabits the central water space, and that grows and proliferates and passes through the eyes of the second reticulate body in the outer peripheral water space. Ingested as food for young fish The small fish at Kigaishu water space, floating structure and accessory equipment that is characterized in that so as to achieve a growth-inhabiting the juvenile. The mesh of the first mesh body is coarser than the mesh of the second mesh body, and allows passage of the mesh of some small fish and juvenile fish. Floating structure and associated equipment. 3. The feeding pipe according to claim 2, wherein a pump is arranged in a pipe path, and pond water containing abundant phytoplankton can be supplied into the central water space by setting operation of the pump. Floating structure and associated equipment. The floating structure according to claim 2, wherein the pump is operated in the daytime by electric power generated by a solar cell installed on a part of the upper surface of the floating structure. 4. The floating structure is a natural or artificial object already existing in a pond, and a first mesh body, a second mesh body, and a feeding pipe are provided on a lower surface of the floating structure. The floating body structure according to any one of claims 5 to 5 and its attached equipment.

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