CN215559310U - Artificial hard bottom pond ecological system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an artificial hard bottom pond ecological system which comprises a hard bottom pond, wherein a planting plate is erected at the bottom of the hard bottom pond, a hole is formed in the planting plate, a planting cup is embedded in the hole, submerged plants are planted in the planting cup, an overhead layer is formed between the planting plate and the bottom surface of the hard bottom pond, fine sand is paved at the bottom of the overhead layer, zooplankton is thrown in the overhead layer, fish is thrown in a water body of the hard bottom pond, and the size of the fish is larger than the maximum gap of the overhead layer. The utility model can solve the problem that the artificial hard bottom pond is difficult to fixedly plant submerged plants, can solve the problem that other aquatic organisms in the artificial hard bottom pond inhabit and propagate without places, and can solve the problems of poor stability and high eutrophication degree of an ecological system of the artificial hard bottom pond.

Description

Artificial hard bottom pond ecological system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration and treatment, in particular to an artificial hard bottom pond ecological system.

Background

Regarding the construction of the water ecosystem, the current research mostly focuses on the ecological restoration of natural water bodies such as rivers or lakes, and the research on the water body without the matrix, such as the artificial pond with the hard bottom, is deficient.

At present, the number of unnatural water bodies such as artificial hard bottom ponds and the like in China is large, and the unnatural water bodies are difficult to form a complete and healthy ecological system due to artificial formation, hard bottom and the like. At present, most of domestic artificial hard bottom ponds have single nutrition level and serious water eutrophication degree, so that algae, especially blue-green algae, in water body erupts, the water body transparency is reduced, the integral perception effect of people is poor, and the landscape value of the artificial ponds is difficult to realize.

In the existing research and technology, the ecological restoration of the water body is mostly carried out by taking the planting of submerged plants and constructing an underwater ecological system with the submerged plants as a core, but aiming at the ecological restoration of the bottom-mud-free and matrix-free water body in the artificial pond with a hard bottom, how to plant the submerged plants and rebuild the ecological system is a technical problem, and at present, no good device and method for planting the submerged plants and rebuilding the ecological system in the artificial pond with the hard bottom exists.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the utility model provides an artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem, which can overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the utility model provides an artifical hard end pond ecosystem, includes the hard end pond, hard end pond bottom has erect the field planting dish, the hole has been seted up on the field planting dish, it has the field planting cup to inlay in the hole, it has the submerged plant to plant in the field planting cup, the field planting dish with form the built on stilts layer between the hard end pond bottom surface, fine sand has been laid to built on stilts layer bottom, the zooplankton has been thrown in the built on stilts layer, it has the fish to throw in the water in the hard end pond, the size of fish is greater than the maximum clearance on built on stilts layer.

Preferably, the submerged plant is fixed inside the planting cup through rock wool.

Preferably, the side wall of the hard bottom pond is provided with a flower bed, the flower bed is close to the water surface of the hard bottom pond, and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the flower bed.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the planting cup is provided with an annular hole, and the side wall of the planting cup is provided with a strip-shaped hole.

Preferably, the diameter of the mouth of the planting cup is 3cm, the diameter of the bottom of the planting cup is 1.5cm, and the height of the planting cup is 5 cm.

Preferably, the species of the submerged plant include one or more of eel grass, goldfish algae, Japanese pearl grass, hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, and curly pondweed.

Preferably, the zooplankton is a cladocera zooplankton.

Preferably, the species of emergent aquatic plants include one or more of Thalia dealbata, Acorus calamus, canna.

A construction method of an artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem comprises the following steps:

s1, investigating the field conditions of the hard bottom pond and selecting proper submerged plants;

s2, cutting rock wool with a proper size, wrapping the rock wool on the root system of the submerged plant, wherein the rock wool is not too tight or too loose, and just can be plugged into the planting cup and is fixed to be the best;

s3, placing the submerged plants wrapped by the rock wool into a planting cup embedded in a planting plate;

s4, paving fine sand on the bottom surface of the pond with the hard bottom;

s5, sinking the planting plate under water by using a weight and fixing the planting plate under water, wherein an overhead layer formed between the planting plate and the bottom surface of the hard bottom pond is a growth and development space of zooplankton;

s6, selecting suitable emergent aquatic plants to plant according to the characteristics of the water environment, and selecting suitable fishes to throw.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) aiming at ecological restoration of an artificial hard bottom pond, the utility model can ensure that submerged plants can grow and develop well in the hard bottom pond;

(2) the utility model can effectively reduce the algae density of blue-green algae in the water body of the artificial hard bottom pond;

(3) the utility model can obviously improve the water quality of the water body of the artificial hard bottom pond and reduce the concentration of nutritive salt in the water body;

(4) the utility model can effectively increase the transparency of the water body of the artificial hard bottom pond, improve the landscape value of the water body, and has low device cost and simple operation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a first schematic view of a connection between a field plate and a field cup according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of a connection between a field plate and a field cup according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a planting cup according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a planting cup according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of fine sand and zooplankton according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a submerged plant planted in a planting cup according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a hard bottom pond; 2. a field planting plate; 3. a pore; 4. planting a cup; 5. submerged plants; 6. an overhead layer; 7. fine sand; 8. zooplankton; 9. fish; 10. rock wool; 11. flower bed; 12. emerging plants.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

An artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem comprises a hard bottom pond 1 and is characterized in that a planting disc 2 is erected at the bottom of the hard bottom pond 1, a hole 3 is formed in the planting disc 2, a planting cup 4 is embedded in the hole 3, submerged plants 5 are planted in the planting cup 4, an empty layer 6 is formed between the planting disc 2 and the bottom surface of the hard bottom pond 1, fine sand 7 is paved at the bottom of the empty layer 6, zooplankton 8 are thrown in the empty layer 6, fish 9 are thrown in a water body of the hard bottom pond 1, and the size of the fish 9 is larger than the maximum gap of the empty layer 6; the submerged plant 5 is fixed inside the planting cup 4 through rock wool 10.

In an embodiment of the utility model, a flower bed 11 is arranged on the side wall of the hard bottom pond 1, the flower bed 11 is close to the water surface of the hard bottom pond 1, and emergent aquatic plants 12 are planted in the flower bed 11; the species of the emergent aquatic plant 12 comprises one or more of Thalia dealbata, Acorus calamus and canna.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the planting cup 4 is provided with an annular hole, and the side wall of the planting cup 4 is provided with a strip-shaped hole; the diameter of the cup mouth of the planting cup 4 is 3cm, the diameter of the cup bottom of the planting cup 4 is 1.5cm, and the height of the planting cup 4 is 5 cm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the species of the submerged plant 5 include one or more of eel grass, goldfish algae, japanese pearl grass, hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, curly pondweed; the zooplankton 8 is a cladocera zooplankton.

A construction method of an artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem comprises the following steps:

s1, investigating the field conditions of the hard bottom pond 1, and selecting a proper submerged plant 5;

s2, cutting rock wool 10 with proper size, wrapping the rock wool 10 on the root system of the submerged plant 5, wherein the rock wool 10 is not too tight or too loose, and just can be plugged into the planting cup 4 and is fixed to be optimal;

s3, placing the submerged plant 5 wrapped by the rock wool 10 into a planting cup 4 embedded in the planting plate 2;

s4, paving fine sand 7 on the bottom surface of the hard bottom pond 1;

s5, sinking the planting plate 2 into water by using a weight and fixing the planting plate under the water, wherein an overhead layer 6 formed between the planting plate 2 and the bottom surface of the hard bottom pond 1 is a growth and development space of zooplankton 8;

s6, selecting emergent aquatic plants 12 of proper types according to the characteristics of the water environment, and selecting fish 9 of proper types for throwing.

In order to facilitate understanding of the above-described technical aspects of the present invention, the above-described technical aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below in terms of specific usage.

The utility model relates to the field of ecological restoration and treatment of water eutrophication, in particular to restoration of an ecological system of a water body of an artificial hard bottom pond. How to plant submerged plants is an important method for solving the eutrophication of the water body of the artificial hard-bottom pond, and planting submerged plant populations is the basis for rebuilding the water body ecological system. The utility model aims at the construction of underwater submerged plant population in the artificial hard bottom pond, and establishes an ecological system with a relatively stable structure in the artificial hard bottom pond, so as to provide an environment suitable for growth and survival of submerged plants and other organisms, thereby achieving the aim of ecological restoration of the artificial hard bottom pond.

In the specific construction and use of the utility model:

(1) in order to solve the problem that the submerged plants are not easy to plant in the artificial hard bottom pond, the utility model adopts a device of a planting disc, the material of the planting disc is preferably a PVC plate which does not cause any pollution to water quality and is used as a carrier for bearing the submerged plants, the specification is preferably 60cm multiplied by 40cm, planting cups with the upper diameter of 3cm, the lower diameter of 1.5cm and the height of 5cm are embedded on the plate and are used for loading the submerged plants, and the design of the planting disc can also ensure that a space with a certain height is reserved between the bottom surface of the pond and the planting disc to form an empty layer structure; the planting plate can ensure that the roots of the submerged plants have sufficient growth space, and the formed overhead layer structure can also provide certain sheltering and inhabiting places for other organisms, protect the diversity of aquatic organisms and improve the stability of an ecological system; the planting plate is provided with round holes with the diameter of about 3cm, the round holes are distributed on the plate surface and used for enabling most suspended matters settled in a water body to fall below the plate body, the floating of the suspended matters after disturbance is one of important influence factors for reducing the transparency of the water body, and after the suspended matters settle below the plate body, the suspended matters can be fixed by a plant root system grown out on one hand, so that the plant root system is prevented from floating randomly, the transparency of the water body is obviously improved, and on the other hand, the settled matters can also provide habitats for other aquatic organisms.

The specific shape, size and height of the planting disc device can be replaced, and the material of the planting disc device can also be replaced by any other suitable material which does not pollute the water body.

(2) The growth of submerged plant relies on the root to the absorption of water nutritive salt, and the growth condition of plant roots is crucial, consequently as the carrier that loads the plant, and the bottom of field planting cup is provided with the annular decorative pattern trompil, and field planting cup lateral wall also is provided with cubic trompil, makes things convenient for nutrient substance at the exchange of plant roots and the growth and the fixed of plant roots.

The shape, size and height of the planting cup device can be replaced, the material of the planting cup device can be replaced by any other suitable material which does not pollute the water body, the pattern structures on the side wall and the bottom can be correspondingly adjusted, and the bottom is in an open state and can be used as one of the alternative items.

(3) The submerged plant cannot be guaranteed to grow stably in the planting cup because the root is not pricked and fixed by soil in the early stage, and other substances are needed for auxiliary fixation to guarantee that the submerged plant is fixed in the planting cup; the rock wool is selected as a fixing material, has good water absorption and water permeability, can ensure that the root system of the plant is fully contacted with water, and simultaneously the root system of the submerged plant can penetrate through the rock wool without influencing the growth and development of the root system.

Rockwool can be used as one of the materials for fixing the plant root system, and other suitable materials can be used as an alternative.

(4) The submerged plant is the foundation and the core for constructing an underwater ecosystem, the selection of the type of the submerged plant is crucial, the submerged plant not only meets the local large environment climate characteristics, but also meets the requirements of small environment, water quality and the like of different artificial hard bottom ponds, and the submerged plant suitable for the utility model comprises the following components: common submerged plants such as eel grass, goldfish algae, Japanese pearl grass, hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, curly pondweed and the like have wide applicability, and the specific plant selection needs to fully consider the specific conditions of the application pond.

(5) The problems of outbreak of blue-green algae in a water body, breeding and floating of moss and the like caused by eutrophication generally exist in artificial hard-bottom ponds which need to be treated, the problems can influence the growth of aquatic plants to a certain extent, and therefore, certain horn zooplankton needs to be put in to treat the algae in a targeted manner; the research and the utility model before have the algae eating worm only to the algae to filter and eat, the cladocera zooplankton who uses in the utility model is a big population, through experiment and research discovery, its characterized in that not only can eat the algae in the water in a large amount fast, still has the rotten characteristic of eating, can eat the animal and plant debris, plays decomposer's effect, further perfects the ecosystem of water, makes it more stable. However, the zooplankton is predated by natural enemies such as fish and the like, so that the population quantity of the zooplankton in the artificial hard-bottom pond is reduced, the effect of the zooplankton is weakened, a certain sheltering place needs to be provided for the zooplankton to ensure the growth and the propagation of the zooplankton, the problem is well solved by the structure of the vacant layer of the fixed planting plate frame, the predatory fish and the cladocera zooplankton are separated, and meanwhile, a layer of fine sand is laid under the fixed planting plate frame, so that a good habitat is provided for the cladocera zooplankton.

The cladocera zooplankton is a larger population, the test proves that the cladocera zooplankton has obvious effect, and the phycophyta and the like in other researches prove that the cladocera zooplankton has certain predation effect on blue-green algae, so that the cladocera zooplankton or one of the cladocera zooplankton is replaced by other cladocera zooplankton or a method for replacing one of the cladocera zooplankton, but the effect is not necessarily obvious.

(6) A complete ecological system should not only have a kind of plant, there are a large number of studies that indicate, the collocation configuration of the aquatic plant can improve the water quality and purify the effect apparently, the utility model has added emergent aquatic plant such as: emergent aquatic plants such as the Lihua, the calamus, the canna and the like can improve the water quality purification effect and the landscape value of the artificial hard bottom pond.

The species of emergent aquatic plants in the utility model can be replaced by other suitable emergent aquatic plants.

(7) The fish throwing can beautify the environment, enhance the biological diversity of the water body and enhance the system stability. The arrangement of landscape fishes such as Mickey fish increases consumers of the artificial hard bottom pond, mosquitoes and other larvae in water can be preyed, the discharged excrement can also be used as fertilizer of aquatic plants, and the stability of the water body ecosystem of the artificial hard bottom pond is further enhanced.

The fish species of the utility model can be replaced by other suitable fish species.

(8) The combination of the steps (1) to (7) is applied to ecological restoration of an artificial hard bottom pond, a complete artificial ecosystem can be formed, and the ecological restoration method is simple to operate, low in cost and high in stability and stress resistance.

The core of the utility model is to carry out ecological restoration of the artificial hard bottom pond and construct an underwater complete ecological system by utilizing the ecological restoration method and the device design of the artificial hard bottom pond. Meanwhile, the ecological and pollution-free materials are fully considered in the design and implementation process of the utility model. The utility model utilizes the characteristics of the empty layer of the planting plate frame: on the premise of ensuring the growth space of submerged plants, providing living space for other organisms; by utilizing the characteristics of the pore structure of the planting disc: can make the water body deposit subside to the disk body below, improve water transparency, provide the habitat for other living beings on the built on stilts layer. Any artificial hard bottom pond can use the method and device of the utility model to establish suitable submerged plant population and ecosystem.

In conclusion, the utility model can solve the problem that the artificial hard bottom pond is difficult to fixedly plant submerged plants, can solve the problem that other aquatic organisms in the artificial hard bottom pond inhabit and propagate without places, and can solve the problems of poor ecological system stability and high eutrophication degree of the artificial hard bottom pond.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an artifical hard end pond ecosystem, includes hard end pond (1), its characterized in that, hard end pond (1) bottom is erect and is equipped with field planting dish (2), hole (3) have been seted up on field planting dish (2), it has planting cup (4) to inlay in hole (3), it has benthophyte (5) to plant in planting cup (4), field planting dish (2) with form built on stilts layer (6) between hard end pond (1) bottom surface, built on stilts layer (6) bottom has laid fine sand (7), it has zooplankton (8) to put in built on stilts layer (6), it has fish (9) to put in the water of hard end pond (1), the size of fish (9) is greater than the maximum clearance of built on stilts layer (6).

2. An artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that the submerged plants (5) are fixed inside the planting cups (4) by rock wool (10).

3. The artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem of claim 1, wherein the hard bottom pond (1) is provided with a flower bed (11) on the side wall, the flower bed (11) is close to the water surface of the hard bottom pond (1), and emergent aquatic plants (12) are planted in the flower bed (11).

4. The ecological system of the artificial hard bottom pond is characterized in that the bottom surface of the planting cup (4) is provided with an annular hole, and the side wall of the planting cup (4) is provided with a strip-shaped hole.

5. The artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem of claim 4, wherein the mouth diameter of the planting cup (4) is 3cm, the bottom diameter of the planting cup (4) is 1.5cm, and the height of the planting cup (4) is 5 cm.

6. The artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem of claim 1, wherein the species of the submerged plant (5) include one or more of eel grass, goldfish algae, Japanese pearl grass, hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, curly pondweed.

7. The artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem of claim 1, wherein the zooplankton (8) is a cladocera zooplankton.

8. The artificial hard bottom pond ecosystem of claim 3, wherein the species of the emergent aquatic plant (12) includes one or more of thaliana, calamus, canna.

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