CN101899817A - 一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障 - Google Patents

一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障 Download PDF

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CN101899817A
CN101899817A CN 201010210965 CN201010210965A CN101899817A CN 101899817 A CN101899817 A CN 101899817A CN 201010210965 CN201010210965 CN 201010210965 CN 201010210965 A CN201010210965 A CN 201010210965A CN 101899817 A CN101899817 A CN 101899817A
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CN101899817B (zh
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贾荷香
沈加曙
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Zheng Sheng Environmental Technology Co ltd
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SICHUAN ZHENGSHENG ACOUSTIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,属于高速铁路降噪领域,包括声屏障隔声构件,还包括至少一个用于通风泄压的通风泄压式声屏障模块,所述通风泄压式声屏障模块嵌于声屏障隔声构件内与声屏障隔声构件组合成通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,本发明提供了一种以高速列车通过时声屏障内外两侧形成的空气压力差为动力,来实现本发明旋转消声叶片自动调节角度,以达到最佳泄压方式的声屏障模块,并将其与现有技术的声屏障隔声构件组合使用,可形成隔声、消声降噪与通风泄力一体化的吸隔声屏障,使得现有铁路隔声屏障的承载能力和经济性得以大幅改善。

Description

一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种声屏障,特别是关于一种用于高速铁路的通风泄压式吸隔声屏障。 
背景技术
在高速铁路中(列车时速≥200km/h),列车高速通过时,受到自然风荷载和列车风荷载的共同影响,会产生极大地噪声污染,为了减少这种污染,通常在铁轨两侧设置声屏障,以隔声和消声。 
目前的声屏障通常为整板,没有通孔,板体内设有吸声消声材料或在基础板上设有吸声消声层,在隔声降噪方面起到了较好的作用,如专利申请号为200720076470.1的中国专利《一种用于高速铁路噪声防护的声屏障》。但是,目前用于铁路的这种声屏障,为达到较好的降噪效果通常距离轨道较近(一般距离铁轨中心线4m左右),在列车高速通过时,这种声屏障会同时受到自然风荷载和列车风荷载的共同影响,该列车风荷载是由驶过的列车产生的压力波造成的,在这两种荷载的共同作用下,将在线路两侧声屏障构件表面产生强大的脉动力,由于这种没有通孔的声屏障结构的缺陷,不能及时通风泄压,就需要声屏障本身能够长期承受由此产生的机械荷载,声屏障构件,特别是金属声屏障构件的壳体必须具有较大的厚度。根据可靠性和经济性的考虑,多维的金属成形加工工序仅对具有一定厚度的材料可行,由此限制了承载能力。故而,为了保证必须的机械承载能力,铁路声屏障各隔声构件的面积、特别是可达到的长度受到限制,声屏障立柱必须彼此间隔较短地安装,必须采用数量多并且较小的隔声构件,铁路声屏障的安装及其构件的制造成本较高,同时使得常用公路声屏障构件特别是金属声屏障,在铁路交通噪声控制上的运用受到制约。 
另外,目前也有可以通风泄压的声屏障,采用叶片固定的百叶窗式结构,可以通过百叶窗叶片间的通道进行通风泄压,此种结构目前一般应用于工业噪声控制,业内称之为消声百叶,也有消声器和声屏障的组合,而未见在高铁降噪领域的使用和报道。但是,由于叶片固定,其通风通道的大小也是固定的,所以其通风泄压的能力也是固定的。但是,列车的时速可能不一样,铁轨的自然环境,包括温度、湿度、风力和风向等因素处于不断变化中,所以,空气流动速度、空气量也会不断变化,如果通风通道大小保持不变,则可能由于通风泄压不及时或者不均而产生新的噪声,造成整体声屏障的通风、泄压、吸声、隔声效果不佳,不能兼顾通风、泄压、吸声、隔声,并根据情况实时调节。 
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种适合高速铁路应用的通风泄压式集隔声、吸声、通风、泄压于一体的声屏障。 
为实现上述目的,采取以下技术方案:一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,包括声屏障隔声构件,还包括至少一个通风泄压式声屏障模块,所述通风泄压式声屏障模块嵌于声屏障隔声构件内与声屏障隔声构件组合成通风泄压式吸隔声屏障。 
作为优选:所述通风泄压式声屏障模块包括一环状刚性框架、数个调节螺杆和与调节螺杆一一对应的可绕调节螺杆自由旋转的消声叶片,所述消声叶片规则排列于环状刚性框架内,形成消声叶片可自由旋转的百叶窗结构。 
作为优选:所述通风泄压式声屏障模块至少为2个,且相邻2个通风泄压式声屏障模块在声屏障隔声构件的长度方向上错位设置。 
作为优选:所述环状刚性框架的内环周面及使用时面向铁路的侧面为穿孔板结构,外环周面及使用时背向铁路的侧面为盲板。 
作为优选:所述消声叶片是由穿孔板围成的柱状结构。 
作为优选:所述柱状结构的横切面为封闭弧形面。 
作为优选:所述封闭弧形面为圆形、椭圆形或多边形。 
作为优选:所述柱状结构内设置吸声材料或吸声结构。 
作为优选:所述吸声材料为铝纤维,泡沫铝,矿棉或泡沫塑料。 
作为优选:所述吸声结构为穿孔板、微穿孔板吸声结构或狭缝吸声结构。 
本发明提供了一种以高速列车通过时声屏障内外两侧形成的空气压力差为动力,来实现本发明旋转消声叶片自动调节角度,以达到最佳泄压方式的声屏障模块,并将其与现有技术下的声屏障隔声构件组合使用,可形成隔声、消声降噪与通风泄力一体化的吸隔声屏障,使得现有铁路隔声屏障的承载能力和经济性得以大幅改善。 
本发明由于采取以上技术方案,具有以下优点: 
1、本发明的通风泄压式声屏障模块可单独使用,即整个声屏障都采用本发明的通风泄压式声屏障模块,通过调节消声百叶的迎风角度,实现对不同消声范围和通风量的自由选择,同时也改变了噪声辐射的指向性。 
2、本发明将通风泄压式声屏障模块与现有的铁路声屏障隔声构件组合使用,可消减列车高速通过时,自然风荷载和列车风荷载对线路两侧声屏障构件的表面产生的强大脉动力,有效地隔音降噪的同时通风泄压。 
3、通风泄压式声屏障模块的消声百叶的可旋转设计使其可根据列车行驶方向的不同,自动调节消声片通流角度,达到最佳泄压效果。 
4、由于可以很好地通风泄压,最大程度地降低了高速铁路声屏障需要承受的脉动力产生的机械荷载,从而降低了对声屏障壳体厚度的要求,节约成本的同时降低了声屏障壳体加工生产的难度;进而,声屏障的长度限制大大降低, 安装声屏障的立柱需要量大大减少,大大节约了成本的同时提高了安装声屏障的工作效率。 
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1的结构示意图; 
图2是图1中通风泄压式声屏障模块 
图3是图2中刚性框架的结构示意图。 
图中标记:1为声屏障隔声构件,2为通风泄压式声屏障模块,21为刚性框架,22为消声叶片,23为调节螺杆,3为通风道。 
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明作详细的说明。 
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。 
实施例1: 
如图1至3所示,本实施例的高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障包括一声屏障隔声构件1和至少三个通风泄压式声屏障模块2组合成通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,通风泄压式声屏障模块2嵌于声屏障隔声构件1内,相邻两个通风泄压式声屏障模块2在声屏障隔声构件1的长度方向上错位设置,即在声屏障隔声构件1长度方向相邻的两通风泄压式声屏障模块1不在同一直线,如此设置一方面保证了必要的通流泄压面积,并使得屏障体受力较均匀;另一方面隔声薄弱环节的错位布置,将使得隔声屏障整体的隔声性能得以改善,噪声预测模型结果显示,通过如此的优化布置将达到最佳的降噪效果,同时,保证屏障体的足 够的机械性能。声屏障隔声构件1主要用于隔声,通风泄压式声屏障模块2由一个刚性框架21,数个消声叶片22和调节螺杆23构成,消声叶片22的与调节螺杆23一一对应,调节螺杆23穿通消声叶片22,使得消声叶片22可以绕调节螺杆23自由旋转,从而形成通道大小可以调节的通风道3,即消声叶片22由于实际风力的大小和方向而移动到不同的位置,进而产生不同大小的通风道3。刚性框架21是由铝材制成的矩形环状结构,矩形环间填充无纺布包裹的吸声材料,刚性框架21内环周面及使用时面向轨道的侧面为穿孔板结构,穿孔率≥23%;刚性框架21外环周面及使用时背向轨道的侧面为盲板结构。为了能够与现有的铁路金属声屏障实现可替代,刚性框架21的外形尺寸及上下接口与常用铁路金属声屏障一致。消声叶片22,为穿孔板围成的柱状结构,穿孔率≥23%,柱状结构内设置金属吸声材料,其横切面为椭圆形,等效直径≤1000mm,柱体高<1000mm。消声叶片22通过调节螺杆23,以间距≤100mm竖直固定于刚性框架21内,形成消声叶片22可以自由旋转的百叶窗结构。安装时,通风泄压式吸隔声屏障用立柱支撑,相邻两立柱间的通风泄压式吸隔声屏障应满足隔声指数Rw≥25dB。 
本发明的通风泄压式声屏障模块可通过调节消声百叶的迎风角度,实现对不同消声范围和通风量的自由选择,同时也改变了噪声辐射的指向性。通风泄压式声屏障模块与铁路声屏障隔声构件的组合使用可消减列车高速通过时,自然风荷载和列车风荷载对线路两侧声屏障构件的表面产生的强大脉动力。可根据列车行驶方向的不同,自动调节消声片通流角度,达到最佳泄压效果。由于可以很好地通风泄压,最大程度地降低了高速铁路声屏障需要承受的脉动力产生的机械荷载,从而降低了对声屏障壳体厚度的要求,节约成本的同时降低了声屏障壳体加工生产的难度;进而,声屏障的长度限制大大降低,安装声屏障 的立柱需要量大大减少,大大节约了成本的同时提高了安装声屏障的工作效率。 
实施例2: 
相邻两个通风泄压式声屏障模块2在声屏障隔声构件1的长度方向上整齐规则设置,即相邻两个通风泄压式声屏障模块2在同一水平线上,其余与实施例1相同。 

Claims (10)

1.一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,包括声屏障隔声构件,其特征在于:还包括至少一个用于通风泄压的通风泄压式声屏障模块,所述通风泄压式声屏障模块嵌于声屏障隔声构件内与声屏障隔声构件组合成通风泄压式吸隔声屏障。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述通风泄压式声屏障模块包括一环状刚性框架、数个调节螺杆和与调节螺杆一一对应的可绕调节螺杆自由旋转的消声叶片,所述消声叶片规则排列于环状刚性框架内,形成消声叶片可自由旋转的百叶窗结构。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述通风泄压式声屏障模块至少为2个,且相邻2个通风泄压式声屏障模块在声屏障隔声构件的长度方向上错位设置。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述环状刚性框架的内环周面及使用时面向铁路的侧面为穿孔板结构,外环周面及使用时背向铁路的侧面为盲板。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述消声叶片是由穿孔板围成的柱状结构。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述柱状结构的横切面为封闭弧形面。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述封闭弧形面为圆形、椭圆形或多边形。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述柱状结构内设置吸声材料或吸声结构。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述吸声材料为铝纤维,泡沫铝,矿棉或泡沫塑料。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种高速铁路通风泄压式吸隔声屏障,其特征在于:所述吸声结构为穿孔板、微穿孔板吸声结构或狭缝吸声结构。
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CN104480870A (zh) * 2015-01-13 2015-04-01 四川迅吉科技有限责任公司 一种高铁声屏障装置及其安装组件
CN109371863A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-02-22 山东大学 一种双侧受风减载环保声屏障
CN111851162A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-30 江苏金洋机械有限公司 一种铁路轨道垫板施工用减震降噪装置
CN114657908A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-24 中南大学 一种利用涡激振动捕能的新型风屏障结构
CN114753275A (zh) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-15 中海环境科技(上海)股份有限公司 一种减载声屏障单元及其声屏障

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CN104480870B (zh) * 2015-01-13 2016-06-29 四川迅吉科技有限责任公司 一种高铁声屏障装置及其安装组件
CN109371863A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-02-22 山东大学 一种双侧受风减载环保声屏障
CN109371863B (zh) * 2018-11-09 2024-01-26 山东大学 一种双侧受风减载环保声屏障
CN111851162A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-30 江苏金洋机械有限公司 一种铁路轨道垫板施工用减震降噪装置
CN111851162B (zh) * 2020-07-07 2022-05-03 江苏金洋机械有限公司 一种铁路轨道垫板施工用减震降噪装置
CN114657908A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-24 中南大学 一种利用涡激振动捕能的新型风屏障结构
CN114753275A (zh) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-15 中海环境科技(上海)股份有限公司 一种减载声屏障单元及其声屏障
CN114753275B (zh) * 2022-05-10 2023-09-01 中海环境科技(上海)股份有限公司 一种减载声屏障单元及其声屏障

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