CN101858061B - 通风泄压式声屏障模块 - Google Patents

通风泄压式声屏障模块 Download PDF

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CN101858061B
CN101858061B CN201010211065A CN201010211065A CN101858061B CN 101858061 B CN101858061 B CN 101858061B CN 201010211065 A CN201010211065 A CN 201010211065A CN 201010211065 A CN201010211065 A CN 201010211065A CN 101858061 B CN101858061 B CN 101858061B
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sound barrier
noise elimination
pressure leakage
barrier module
ventilation pressure
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CN101858061A (zh
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贾荷香
沈加曙
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Zheng Sheng Environmental Technology Co ltd
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SICHUAN ZHENGSHENG ACOUSTIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种通风泄压式声屏障模块,属于降噪领域,它包括一环状刚性框架,还包括数个调节螺杆和与调节螺杆一一对应的可绕调节螺杆自由旋转的消声叶片,所述消声叶片规则排列于环状刚性框架内,形成消声叶片可自由旋转的百叶窗结构;本发明采用可旋转消声叶片设计,通过调节其迎风角度,可以达到更优的通风消声效果,实现对不同消声范围和通风量的自由选择,同时也改变了噪声辐射的指向性。另外,本发明消声叶片的可旋转设计使其可根据列车行驶方向的不同,自动调节消声片通流角度,达到最佳消声泄压效果。

Description

通风泄压式声屏障模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种声屏障模块,特别是关于一种用于铁路的通风泄压式声屏障模块。
背景技术
在高速铁路中(列车时速≥200km/h),列车高速通过时,受到自然风荷载和列车风荷载的共同影响,会产生极大地噪声污染,为了减少这种污染,通常在铁轨两侧设置声屏障,以隔声和消声。
目前的声屏障通常为整板,没有通孔,板体内设有吸声消声材料或在基础板上设有吸声消声层,在隔声降噪方面起到了较好的作用,如专利申请号为200720076470.1的中国专利《一种用于高速铁路噪声防护的声屏障》,但是,目前用于铁路的声屏障,为达到较好的降噪效果通常距离轨道较近(一般距离铁轨中心线4m左右),在列车高速通过时,这种声屏障会同时受到自然风荷载和列车风荷载的共同影响,该列车风荷载是由驶过的列车产生的压力波造成的,在这两种荷载的共同作用下,将在线路两侧声屏障构件表面产生强大的脉动力,由于这种没有通孔的声屏障结构的缺陷,不能及时通风泄压,就需要声屏障本身能够长期承受由此产生的机械荷载,声屏障构件,特别是金属声屏障构件的壳体必须具有较大的厚度。根据可靠性和经济性的考虑,多维的金属成形加工工序仅对具有一定厚度的材料可行,由此限制了承载能力。故而,为了保证必须的机械承载能力,铁路声屏障各隔声构件的面积、特别是可达到的长度受到限制,声屏障立柱必须彼此间隔较短地安装,必须采用数量多并且较小的隔声构件,铁路声屏障的安装及其构件的制造成本较高,同时使得常用公路声屏障构件特别是金属声屏障,在铁路交通噪声控制上的运用受到制约。
另外,目前也有可以通风泄压的声屏障,采用叶片固定的百叶窗式结构,可以通过百叶窗叶片间的通道进行通风泄压,此种结构目前一般应用于工业噪声控制,业内称之为消声百叶,而在高铁降噪领域未见使用。但是,由于叶片固定,其通风通道的大小也是固定的,所以其通风泄压的能力也是固定的。但是,列车的时速、开行的方向可能不一样,铁轨的自然环境,包括温度、湿度、风力和风向等因素处于不断变化中,所以,空气流动速度、方向、空气量也会不断变化,如果通风通道大小保持不变,则可能由于通风泄压不及时或者不均而达不到最佳的状态,使得流场更加的复杂、不均匀,泄压模块的压力损失增加,可能还会产生再生噪声,造成整体声屏障的通风、泄压、吸声、隔声效果不佳。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种适合高速铁路或者一般轨道隧道应用的通风泄压式声屏障模块。
为实现上述目的,采取以下技术方案:一种通风泄压式声屏障模块,包括一环状刚性框架,还包括数个调节螺杆和与调节螺杆一一对应并可绕调节螺杆自由旋转的消声叶片,所述消声叶片规则排列于环状刚性框架内,形成消声叶片可自由旋转的百叶窗结构,所述消声叶片是由穿孔板围成的柱状结构,所述柱状结构的横切面为封闭弧形面,弧形面有助于降低风的阻力,更方便通风。
作为优选:所述环状刚性框架厚度≤500mm。
作为优选:所述环状刚性框架的内环周面及使用时面向铁路的侧面为穿孔板结构。
作为优选:所述环状刚性框架的外环周面及使用时背向铁路的侧面为盲板。
作为优选:所述封闭弧形面为圆形、椭圆形或多边形。
作为优选:所述柱状结构内设置吸声材料或吸声结构。
作为优选:所述吸声材料为铝纤维,泡沫铝,矿棉或泡沫塑料。
作为优选:所述吸声结构为穿孔板、微穿孔板吸声结构或狭缝吸声结构。
本发明提供了一种以高速列车通过时声屏障内外两侧形成的空气压力差为动力,来实现本发明旋转消声叶片自动调节角度,以达到最佳泄压方式的声屏障模块。使用时,可以根据实际情况,比如列车速度、地理位置等,单独使用本发明的通风泄压式声屏障模块,也可以将本发明的通风泄压式声屏障与现有的隔声屏障组合使用。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案,具有以下优点:
1、本发明可通过调节消声百叶的迎风角度,实现对不同消声范围和通风量的自由选择,同时因为风向和风量的变化使得声线发生漂移,也改变了噪声辐射的指向性,得到了改善消声百叶降噪的作用。
2、本发明与铁路声屏障隔声构件的组合使用可消减列车高速通过时,自然风荷载和列车风荷载对线路两侧声屏障构件的表面产生的强大脉动力。
3、消声百叶的可旋转设计使其可根据列车行驶方向的不同,自动调节消
声片通流角度,达到最佳泄压效果。
4、由于可以很好地通风泄压,最大程度地降低了高速铁路声屏障需要承受的脉动力产生的荷载,从而降低了对声屏障壳体厚度等结构上的要求,节约成本的同时降低了声屏障结构设计的难度;进而,声屏障的长度限制大大降低,安装声屏障的立柱需要量大为减少,节约了成本的同时提高了安装声屏障的工作效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1的结构示意图;
图2是图1中刚性框架的结构示意图;
图3是图1中消声叶片的结构示意图。
图中标记:1为刚性框架,2为消声叶片,3为调节螺杆,4为通风道。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1:
如图1至3所示,本实施例的通风泄压式声屏障模块由一个刚性框架1,数个消声叶片2和调节螺杆3构成,消声叶片2的与调节螺杆3一一对应,调节螺杆3穿通消声叶片2,使得消声叶片2可以绕调节螺杆3自由旋转,从而形成通道大小可以自动调整的通风道4。刚性框架1是由铝材制成的矩形环状结构,矩形环间填充无纺布包裹的吸声材料,刚性框架1内环周面及使用时面向轨道的侧面为穿孔板结构,穿孔率≥23%;刚性框架1外环周面及使用时背向轨道的侧面为盲板结构。为了能够与现有的铁路金属声屏障实现可替代,刚性框架1的外形尺寸及上下接口与常用铁路金属声屏障一致。消声叶片2,参见图3,为穿孔板围成的柱状结构,穿孔率≥23%,柱状结构内设置金属吸声材料,其横切面为椭圆形,等效直径≤1000mm,柱体高<1000mm。消声叶片2通过调节螺杆3,以间距≤100mm竖直固定于刚性框架1内,形成消声叶片2可以自由旋转的百叶窗结构。
本通风泄压式声屏障模块可安装于现有的声屏障隔声构件内,也可整个声屏障隔声构件均采用本发明的通风泄压式声屏障模块。
本发明可通过调节消声百叶的迎风角度,实现对不同消声范围和通风量的自由选择,同时也改变了噪声辐射的指向性。本发明与铁路声屏障隔声构件的组合使用可消减列车高速通过时,自然风荷载和列车风荷载对线路两侧声屏障构件的表面产生的强大脉动力。可根据列车行驶方向的不同,自动调节消声片通流角度,达到最佳泄压效果。由于可以很好地通风泄压,最大程度地降低了高速铁路声屏障需要承受的脉动力产生的机械荷载,从而降低了对声屏障壳体厚度的要求,节约成本的同时降低了声屏障壳体加工生产的难度;进而,声屏障的长度限制大大降低,安装声屏障的立柱需要量大大减少,大大节约了成本的同时提高了安装声屏障的工作效率。

Claims (8)

1.一种通风泄压式声屏障模块,包括一环状刚性框架,其特征在于:还包括数个调节螺杆和与调节螺杆一一对应并可绕调节螺杆自由旋转的消声叶片,所述消声叶片规则排列于环状刚性框架内,形成消声叶片可自由旋转的百叶窗结构,所述消声叶片为柱状结构,所述柱状结构由穿孔板围成,所述柱状结构的横切面为封闭弧形面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述环状刚性框架厚度≤500mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述环状刚性框架的内环周面及使用时面向铁路的侧面为穿孔板结构。
4.根据权利要求1所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述环状刚性框架的外环周面及使用时背向铁路的侧面为盲板。
5.根据权利要求1所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述封闭弧形面为圆形、椭圆形或多边形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述柱状结构内设置吸声材料或吸声结构。
7.根据权利要求6所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述吸声材料为铝纤维,泡沫铝,矿棉或泡沫塑料。
8.根据权利要求6所述的通风泄压式声屏障模块,其特征在于:所述吸声结构为穿孔板、微穿孔板吸声结构或狭缝吸声结构。
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