CN101897397A

CN101897397A - Ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle resistant to low temperature and moisture climatic conditions

Info

Publication number: CN101897397A
Application number: CN2010102389389A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵芸君; 李学森
Original assignee: GRASSLAND RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF XJAAS
Current assignee: GRASSLAND RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF XJAAS
Priority date: 2010-07-28
Filing date: 2010-07-28
Publication date: 2010-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-28
Also published as: CN101897397B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the fields of animal nutrition and feed science, and relates to ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle resistant to the low temperature and moisture climatic conditions. The technology solves the problems of reduction of daily gain and increase of disease incidence in fattening the beef cattle under the low temperature and moisture climatic conditions. The ration comprises corn, soybean meal, capsicum residue, fruit residue, cottonseed meal, bran, sunflower meal, rapeseed meal, calcium hydrophosphate, rock flour, premix, sodium bicarbonate and the like (based on the weight percentage of dry matter); and the roughage comprises wild hay, corn stalk, silage and the like. Besides, the premix is added with riboflavin (vitamin B2) and added with more vitamin A and vitamin E. The ration is added with the capsicum residue which contains capsaicin and flavonoids, the fruit residue which is rich in vitamin C, and the riboflavin (vitamin B2) with anti-cold stress, and is added with more vitamin A and vitamin E, so that the ration applied under the low temperature and moisture climatic conditions can increase the feed intake, the daily gain and the feed conversion of the beef cattle, the lean percentage of the beef, the palatability of the feed, the digestibility of the roughage and the economic benefit of feeding, and reduce the disease incidence.

Description

A kind of ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle of resistant to low temperature and moisture climatic conditions

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Animal Nutrition and Feed Science field, relate to a kind of ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle of resistant to low temperature and moisture climatic conditions.

Background technology

Capsicum is the annual or perennial plant of capsicum Solanaceae Capsicum, and plantation spreads all over all over the world, and nearly 1/4 population in the whole world is often edible, is one of vegetables of liking of people.Capsicum is used the history of existing centuries as medicine and flavouring, China be the earliest with capsicum as one of country of drug use, the root of capsicum, stem, fruit and seed all can be used as medicine.Health care and the drug value of capsicum mainly show: its property is hot, has warming the middle warmer and descending qi, the dehumidifying effect that flatulence, appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving are good for the stomach of dispeling cold, releive; Warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold is arranged after edible, drive away bad air in the intestines, improve digestion, promote gastric secretion, the excitement that improves a poor appetite, refreshes oneself, stimulate circulation, strengthen the effect of body resistance against diseases, diseases such as traditional traditional Chinese medical science capsicum treatment commonly used stomach cold rheumatism.This also is the true cause that edible capsicum is liked in the low temperature and moisture area, and these health-care efficacies mainly belong to pungency component capsaicine in the capsicum and capsicum flavonoids etc.Capsaicine is a kind of alkaloid of phenolic hydroxy group, has another name called peppery element.Natural capsicine is a kind of alkaloidal mixture, is respectively capsaicine, dihydrocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin, the blue amine of nonanoyl pod and decoyl vanillylamide, and they are the derivative of O-methoxy phenol.The secretion of energy saliva stimulating and gastric juice increased appetite after capsaicine was edible, stimulated circulation, and strengthened the resistance against diseases of body, and the effect of being good for the stomach and driving away bad air in the intestines is arranged, and also can play the supplemental treatment effect to indigestion, stomach cold.Can be used for cold stomach, catch cold, have a stuffy nose, the treatment of diarrhoea etc., capsaicine is made ointment can treat rheumatism, arthritis effectively, alleviates symptoms such as intractable pain and itch.In addition, capsaicine has bacteriostasis.Flavones in the capsicum is the yellow powder shape, and major ingredients is a 2-phenyl chromone compounds, as Flavonoid substances such as Quercetin, rutin, morin, the luxuriant and rich with fragrance alcohol of thatch.Biological effects such as that the capsicum flavonoids has is clearing heat and detoxicating, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, improve microcirculation, the life of drawing out pus by applying a plaster to the affected part, hypoglycemic.

China abounds with capsicum, produces chilli about 60 * 10 per year ⁴T is maximum in the world capsicum red pigment producing country and exported country.Yet pimiento can produce a large amount of capsicum dregs of rice after extracting capsicum red pigment, and its productive rate can reach 93.6% of the raw material chilli of throwing.The capsicum dregs of rice are owing to contain a certain amount of capsaicine, and added value and utilization rate are all very low, generally as offal treatment, have both wasted resource, have caused environmental pollution again.Yet these useless capsicum dregs of rice contain nutriments such as more rich sugar, protein, contain capsaicine and the flavonoid substance that this patent is paid close attention to again simultaneously, and in view of this, this patent is applied in the capsicum dregs of rice in the daily ration preparation of fattening beef cattle under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions.

China all is distributed with fruit juice processing enterprise in each provinces and regions, a large amount of pomace of annual discharge.Pomace generally is made up of pericarp, fruit stone and remaining pulp, contain multiple nutrients materials such as soluble sugar, amino acid, vitamin, mineral matter and cellulose, good palatability has the effect of Appetizing spleen-tonifying, its nutritional labeling also can improve the digestibility of roughage except that being higher than green grass or young crops, hay.Be rich in vitamin C in the pomace, can improve the anti-cold stress ability of beef cattle.In addition, pomace is used on ruminant produces and can improve feed intake, efficiency of feed utilization, carcass quality and immunity.In view of this, this patent is applied in pomace in the daily ration preparation of finished cattle under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions.

Studies show that, the be improved ability of the anti-cold stress of animal of vitamin A, E, riboflavin, in view of this, this patent is applied in vitamin A, E, riboflavin in the preparation of the ration premix compound of finished cattle under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle of under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions, using, also promptly at the capsicum dregs of rice, pomace, riboflavin, vitamin A, the application process of vitamin E in beef ox fattening is produced under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions, its diet feed that is applied in finished cattle is cooperated in the prescription, not only improve lean meat percentage and the palatability of feed and the digestibility of roughage of feed intake, daily gain, meat feed ratio and the beef of beef cattle, and can reduce disease incidence rate.

The content of this patent invention: under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions, having added simultaneously in the beef concentrate mixed feed has the capsicum of certain health care and the drug value dregs of rice and can improve the feed palatability, roughage digestibility and be rich in ascorbic pomace, wherein the capsicum dregs of rice account for 2～8%, pomace accounts for 2～5%, and other composition of fine fodder is by corn 45～65%, dregs of beans 3～17%, cotton dregs 3～10%, wheat bran 3～10%, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice 3～10%, the dish dregs of rice 2～6%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2.3%, stone flour 1～2.5%, premix 0.1～2%, sodium bicarbonate 0.4～1.3% grade is formed (percent by weight of dry matter); Roughage is made up of dried wild grass, corn stalk, ensiling etc.In addition in beef cattle premix preparation, additionally add riboflavin (vitamin B2) and improved the addition of vitamin A, E.

Advantage and effect that the present invention has are:

1. the beef ox fattening daily ration of the technology of the present invention preparation, by the winter and the cold Tacheng of moist Ili Prefecture, Xinjiang carry out the beef ox fattening feeding experiment respectively at weather, the result shows under the low temperature and moisture weather conditions, compare with conventional beef ox fattening daily ration, the daily ration of the present invention's preparation has certain health care to finished cattle itself, feed intake, daily gain, the meat feed ratio of beef cattle have not only been improved, reduce disease incident, and it is easy and simple to handle, remarkable in economical benefits is fit to be applied under the humid conditions and the fattening of the beef cattle in winter of cold district.

2. owing to used pomace in this preparation technique, contain multiple nutrients materials such as soluble sugar, amino acid, vitamin, mineral matter and cellulose, good palatability has the effect of Appetizing spleen-tonifying, its nutritional labeling also can improve the digestibility of roughage except that being higher than green grass or young crops, hay.

3. the beef that adopts mode of the present invention to feed and produce, under the prerequisite that keeps original beef nutritional labeling, the mouthfeel of beef is good, free from extraneous odour, lean meat percentage height.

Most preferred embodiment

Selecting healthy, body weight is 16 of Xinjiang brown Niu Gongniu about 300kg, the design of employing single factor experiment, every group 8, the test processing is divided into control group, and (conventional daily ration group, a day grain raw material consist of corn 58%, dregs of beans 5%, cotton dregs 10%, wheat bran 8%, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice 10%, the dish dregs of rice 4%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.8%, stone flour 1.5%, premix 1%, sodium bicarbonate 1.0% composition (dry matter basis); Roughage is made up of dried wild grass, corn stalk, ensiling etc.), processed group (having adopted the capsicum dregs of rice, pomace, riboflavin etc. in the daily ration), basal diet is with reference to " beef cattle feeding standard " (NY/T 34-2004) preparation, and is smart slightly than being 55: 45.Two groups of daily ration differences are: 1.5% the cotton dregs and 3.5% the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice in (1) control group fine fodder daily ration, and the capsicum dregs of rice with 5% substitute; (2) 4% wheat bran in the control group fine fodder daily ration substitutes with 4% pomace in processed group; (3) compare with control group, not only added riboflavin (vitamin B2) in the processed group fine fodder daily ration in 1% the premix, improved the addition of vitamin A, E simultaneously.Other feed composition is consistent in the daily ration of control group and processed group.Raise on experimental animal list hurdle, freely drinks water.What schedule to last 70d in the beef cattle field fattens test (wherein raise phase 10d in advance, formal phase 60d).During formal test, write down the feed intake of animal every day.30d weighs 1 time.After the off-test, every group is selected 5 ox slaughter determinings.The result shows: compare with control group, the processed group daily ration has significantly improved the lean meat percentage (P＜0.05) of feed intake, daily gain, feedstuff-meat ratio and the beef of beef cattle, and can reduce disease incident.Through adjusting feeding cost and economic benefit, the remarkable in economical benefits of the processed group of the daily ration core preparation technique of employing this patent is higher than control group (P＜0.05).

Claims

1. the ration preparation technology for fattening beef cattle of a resistant to low temperature and moisture climatic conditions is characterized in that selecting for use simultaneously in this daily ration mixed feed raw material the capsicum dregs of rice, pomace and has added riboflavin (vitamin B2) and improved the addition of vitamin A, vitamin E in the premix preparation.

2. the capsicum dregs of rice according to claim 1 is characterized in that these capsicum dregs of rice are that pimiento is extracted the capsicum dregs of rice that produce behind the capsicum red pigment.

3. pomace according to claim 1 is characterized in that this pomace is the fruit pomace that processing back produces of squeezing the juice.

4. in the ration preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cattle diet fine fodder prescription forms (percent by weight of dry matter) by corn 45～65%, dregs of beans 3～17%, the capsicum dregs of rice 2～8%, cotton dregs 3～10%, wheat bran 3～10%, the certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice 3～10%, the dish dregs of rice 2～6%, pomace 2～5%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1～2.3%, stone flour 1～2.5%, premix 0.1～2%, sodium bicarbonate 0.4～1.3%; Roughage is made up of dried wild grass, corn stalk, ensiling etc.

5. according in claim 1, the 4 described ration preparation technologies, premix is mixed by raw materials such as vitamin A, vitamin E, riboflavin (vitamin B2), copper sulphate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, KI and carrier.

6. according in claim 4, the 5 described ration preparation technologies, the addition limited range of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B2 is respectively 440000～660000IU/kg, 1500～3000IU/kg, 1.2～2.6g/kg in 1% premix, and the addition limited range of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B2 is calculated (adding proportion scope * 1% of computing formula=1%/take adding proportion) by 1% premix in the premix of other adding proportion.