CN101896166B - 包含屈螺酮作为活性剂的薄膜包衣片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有抗环境影响、特别是抗大气湿度的改善抗性的包含屈螺酮的薄膜包衣片。本发明另外涉及制备薄膜包衣片核心的方法,由此可以以增加的安全性实现为核心施加活性剂。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及具有抗环境影响、特别是抗大气湿度的改善抗性的包含屈螺酮的薄膜包衣片。本发明另外涉及制备薄膜包衣片核心的方法,由此可以以增加的安全性实现为核心施加活性剂。
发明背景
包含孕酮和雌激素组分组合的避孕用品已经使用了几十年。屈螺酮(化学名:6β,7β;15β,16β-二亚甲基-3-氧代-17α-孕甾-4-烯-21,17-羧内酯)已知自DE 2652761专利说明书,其中公开了将其用作利尿用化合物,在DE3022337专利说明书中描述了该化合物的孕激素样活性及其作为避孕药的后续应用。另外在DE 3022337说明书中描述了屈螺酮还可以与乙炔雌二醇一起给药。
在包含激素的组合物的情况中,在制药工业中通常使用两类的湿法造粒方法。其中之一是涡流造粒方法,最近可以将其与微波真空干燥联合。与流化床干燥法相比,涡流单罐式方法的缺点在于干燥操作过程中的长操作时间,以及在可能偶然发生的且可能导致“热点”现象的热量分配不均匀。上述两种作用可以不利地影响产物的质量。另一种方法是流化床干燥法,不能将其认为是单罐式技术,因为在操作过程中必须将湿润的物质转移到干燥设备中,从而显著地增加了激素暴露的危险。
另一种可能的造粒方法是在一个装置中的流化床造粒和干燥法,其中将活性剂的溶液或悬浮液喷雾到粉末物质上,在这种情况中,取决于喷雾压力,喷雾操作提供对液体粒子分散度的控制作用。然而,小的液体粒子具有在空气中干燥的危险以及在它们接触粉末之前随流体气流离开操作区的危险。液体粒子的另一个危险在于会粘到装置的壁上。这些作用可以影响到产物的均质性并可能引起增加的活性剂损失。需要指出的是,借助气流离开装置的活性剂,特别是包含激素的物质,总是暗含一些健康危险。可以看出,喷雾法没有提供在不损失活性剂的情况下制备产物的可能性。系统的活性剂含量越低,则出现上述缺点的可能性越大,这个问题在包含激素的产物的情况中以更高的程度出现。上述问题的可能的解决办法是以悬浮液形式喷雾活性剂;然而,在这种情况中可能出现不均匀性的问题。
EP 1214076公开了制备屈螺酮组合物的方法,其中由于组合物的相对较高的活性剂含量(3mg/片),在不使用任何类型的溶剂的情况下将屈螺酮加工为微粒化形式,在这种工艺操作中,系统中的活性剂分布可能比活性剂以分子分散形式分散的情况中更加不均匀得多。在压片操作过程中使用微粒化形式的活性剂的另一个缺点是粘着,其可以使得片剂核心的制造工艺不可靠。
在制药工业中,包含激素的片剂核心总是被包衣的。包衣操作起到双重作用:减少包装过程中的产物粉末,和促进片剂口服给药通过食道。
我们的目的是提供包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片,其中本发明的薄膜包衣片的组成和构造消除了在技术文献中所述方法的缺点。另外,我们的目的是提供用于将包衣施加在片剂核心表面上的方法。本发明的方法是安全的且容易地以工业规模实现,并且可以以增加的安全性实现将屈螺酮活性剂施加到核心上。
发明简述
本发明涉及制备包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片的核心的方法,其中在不使用喷雾压力的情况下将活性剂在有机溶剂中的溶液连续地或定期地滴落在流化床的表面上。同时,控制产物的温度且借助热的气流从湿的物料除去溶剂分子。另外,本发明涉及具有改善的抗环境影响、特别是抗空气湿度的包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片,其中将包衣施加在根据上述操作生产的片剂核心上。这种包衣提供了改善的针对环境影响的抗性,特别是在较高空气湿度时针对水分的抗性。
发明详述
本发明涉及制备包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片核心的方法,其中在不使用喷雾压力的情况下将活性剂在有机溶剂中的溶液连续地或定期地滴落在流化床表面上,在控制产物温度的同时借助热的气流从湿的物料除去溶剂分子。
根据本发明的精神,在没有使液滴分散的情况下将上述溶液滴落在粉末床的表面上,由此,液滴没有散开且它们的全部量都落在粉末床的表面上。因为液滴被导向到流化床表面上的固定点,实际上可以避免在技术文献中描述的活性剂损失。此外,通过适当选择活性剂溶液与粉末床的体积比和适当选择空气速度,经过润湿的物质被适当地混合,且系统被均匀地润湿。由此实现活性剂的均匀分布。在所有的情况中,平均液滴尺寸大于(0.15cm3)通过喷雾法可得到的分散粒子的平均粒径。
为了溶解这样大量的活性剂,需要大量的药学上和环境上可接受的溶剂。因为屈螺酮基本上不溶于水,适合的溶剂属于“3类”溶剂。在本发明的制备方法中,溶剂是乙醇。从环境和安全性的角度来看,乙醇是最有利的溶剂。
本发明的方法示出在图1中。在图1的流程图中,示出了操作步骤。根据第一步骤,在适合的流化设备中将活性剂的乙醇溶液施加在内相的各组分(玉米淀粉乳糖一水合物和预胶化淀粉)上。据此,在不使用喷雾空气的情况下将屈螺酮的乙醇溶液慢慢地倾倒在内相的各组分上,从而使活性剂损失减到最低程度。然后,从湿润的物质脱除乙醇。在干燥之后,为用屈螺酮溶液预处理的内相组分加入乙炔雌二醇,然后将混合物匀化并通过加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水溶液进行造粒。将得到的颗粒干燥,再次造粒并通过添加硬脂酸镁加以润滑,然后压片。随后将得到的片剂薄膜包衣。与喷雾法相似,在本发明的方法的情况中,在操作结束时,获得的屈螺酮活性剂在片剂中是无定形形式。
从图2可以看出,在将活性剂的乙醇溶液施加到内相的各组分上的操作过程中,可以保持均匀的润湿和持续的润湿。在流化床中,在不使用喷雾空气的情况下确保了活性剂的均匀分布。通过省略喷雾操作,可以使由于活性剂粘着设备壁而引起的活性剂损失减到最低程度。
另外,本发明涉及具有改善的抗环境影响、特别是抗空气湿度的包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片,其中将包衣施加在根据上述方法生产的片剂核心上。这种包衣提供了改善的针对环境影响的抗性,特别是在较高空气湿度时针对水分的抗性。
可以通过使用均匀地涂覆核心表面的弱疏水性聚合物来完成本发明的方法。用于本发明的适合的聚合物包括但不限于丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、醋酸纤维素、环氧乙烷和聚环氧乙烷、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、甲基纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯。令人惊讶的是,本发明的包衣不影响体内生物学作用,然而,由于针对湿度的高的抗性,其显示出以下体外溶出特征:在37℃温度、在水中、在pH>4.5以上和以50rpm搅拌条件下测试时,在30秒内从薄膜包衣片释放低于70%的活性剂。
下面通过以下实施例详述本发明,所述实施例用于举例说明本发明而不是限制其范围。
实施例1:
成分 | 量 |
屈螺酮 | 3.0mg |
乙炔雌二醇 | 0.03mg |
乳糖一水合物 | 48.67mg |
玉米淀粉 | 15.0mg |
改性的预胶化淀粉 | 10.0mg |
PVP | 2.5mg |
硬脂酸镁 | 0.8mg |
薄膜包衣(甲基丙烯酸共聚物) | 2.0mg |
合计 | 82.0mg |
将根据上述操作制备的片剂核心薄膜包衣。对于薄膜包衣的制备,进行以下步骤。在连续的高速搅拌下,将搅拌的洗涤剂(十二烷基硫酸钠)分散在一部分净化水中,然后向混合物加入硬脂酸和聚合物组分。同时,将颜料(二氧化钛)分散到另一部分净化水中,然后将得到的分散体的两个部分混合并进一步搅拌。最后,将得到的包衣料喷雾在片剂核心的表面上并干燥。
实施例2:
成分 | 量 |
屈螺酮 | 3.0mg |
乙炔雌二醇 | 0.03mg |
乳糖一水合物 | 48.67mg |
玉米淀粉 | 15.0mg |
改性的预胶化淀粉 | 10.0mg |
波拉克林钾 | 2.5mg |
硬脂酸镁 | 0.8mg |
薄膜包衣(甲基丙烯酸共聚物) | 2.0mg |
合计 | 82.0mg |
将根据实施例1中所述的操作制备的片剂核心薄膜包衣。对于薄膜包衣的制备,进行以下步骤。在连续的高速搅拌下,将搅拌的洗涤剂(十二烷基硫酸钠)分散在一部分净化水中,然后向混合物加入硬脂酸和聚合物组分。同时,将颜料(二氧化钛)分散到另一部分净化水中,然后将得到的分散体的两个部分混合并进一步搅拌。最后,将得到的包衣料喷雾在片剂核心的表面上并干燥。
实施例3:
成分 | 量 |
屈螺酮 | 3.0mg |
乙炔雌二醇 | 0.03mg |
乳糖一水合物 | 48.67mg |
马铃薯淀粉 | 15.0mg |
改性的预胶化淀粉 | 10.0mg |
波拉克林钾 | 2.5mg |
硬脂酸镁 | 0.8mg |
薄膜包衣(甲基丙烯酸共聚物) | 2.0mg |
合计 | 82.0mg |
将根据上述操作制备的片剂核心薄膜包衣。对于薄膜包衣的制备,进行以下步骤。在连续的高速搅拌下,将搅拌的洗涤剂(十二烷基硫酸钠)分散在一部分净化水中,然后向混合物加入硬脂酸和聚合物组分。将颜料(二氧化钛)分散到另一部分净化水中,然后将得到的两个部分混合并进一步搅拌。最后,将得到的包衣料喷雾在片剂核心的表面上并干燥。
Claims (5)
1.制备包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片的方法,包括将屈螺酮溶解在乙醇中,然后在没有喷雾压力存在下将所得到的溶液连续地或定期地滴落在流态化设备中的流化床表面上,在控制所得产物温度的同时借助热气流从湿的物料除去溶剂分子,并用成膜聚合物的有机和/或含水的溶液或分散体将所得到的核心薄膜包衣。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述成膜聚合物选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、醋酸纤维素、环氧乙烷和聚环氧乙烷、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、甲基纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯和氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物E。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中所述成膜聚合物是氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物E。
4.包含屈螺酮活性剂的薄膜包衣片,所述薄膜包衣片包括用具有改善的针对大气湿度的抗性的成膜聚合物层包衣的片剂核心,
其中所述片剂核心通过下述方法是可获得的:将屈螺酮溶解在乙醇中,然后在没有喷雾压力存在下将所得到的溶液连续地或定期地滴落在流态化设备中的流化床表面上,在控制所得产物温度的同时借助热气流从湿的物料除去溶剂分子,
并且所述成膜聚合物选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、醋酸纤维素、环氧乙烷和聚环氧乙烷、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、甲基纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯和氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物E。
5.权利要求4的薄膜包衣片,其中所述成膜聚合物是氨基烷基甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物E。
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