CN101865810B - Test method for determining unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters - Google Patents
Test method for determining unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN101865810B CN101865810B CN2010101681045A CN201010168104A CN101865810B CN 101865810 B CN101865810 B CN 101865810B CN 2010101681045 A CN2010101681045 A CN 2010101681045A CN 201010168104 A CN201010168104 A CN 201010168104A CN 101865810 B CN101865810 B CN 101865810B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method for determining the unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters, which utilizes a test device to measure the soil water retention curve of soil body. The device mainly comprises a vertical displacement measuring meter 1, bolts 2, a pressurized shaft 3, a pressure chamber 12, a sample top cap 13, a fixed bolt 24 and a sample base 25. A second air pressure control valve 22 and a second water pressure control valve 19 are adjusted, and the sizes of the pore air pressure and pore water pressure in a sample are changed by a second air pressure sensor 23 and a second water pressure sensor 38, i.e. the size of matric suction s of the sample is changed; after the liquid level in a second volume water measuring tube 17 is stabilized, the change value of water quantity of inlet and outlet samples is read out to obtain a new water content of the sample w1 corresponding to matric suction s 1 so as to obtain a group of test data s1 and w1 on the soil water retention curve. The determination method has convenient use, high measuring precision, meets the requirements of three-dimensional stress, can measure the humidifying section and the dehumidifying section of the soil water characteristic curve, and is suitable for measuring the soil water retention curves of various soils in civil engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of test method of measuring unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters, belongs to technical field of civil engineering.
Background technology
Unsaturated soil is widely distributed in China, the crude sedimentation soil that earth surface extensively distributes, and the soil body problem that runs in the engineering construction, it nearly all is the unsaturated soil problem, saturated soil is truly seldom seen in engineering practice, and this makes the research of unsaturated soil mechanics have very reality and practical meaning.It is a key character of unsaturated soil that waterpower lags behind, and waterpower lags behind and shows that usually Tu Shui keeps the hysteresis quality of curve, and Tu Shui keeps the hysteresis quality of curve to be subjected to multiple factor affecting, and as soil structure, temperature is the influence of stress state especially.Two important parameters that are used for describing the unsaturated soil water feature are exactly that to keep curve be the corresponding relation of soil body matric suction and water cut for unsaturation infiltration coefficient and Tu Shui.The domestic and international at present Tu Shui that also is not used for measuring under the three-dimensional stress state keeps the instrument and the test method of curve and unsaturation infiltration coefficient.The present invention is exactly the test method that is used for measuring unsaturated soil Tu Shui maintenance curve under the three-dimensional stress state.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of unsaturated soil Tu Shui and keeps curve determination method, solves the test problem that the unsaturated soil Tu Shui of unsaturated soil under the three-dimensional stress state keeps curve.
Technical solution of the present invention is, utilize a kind of unsaturated soil test unit to measure Tu Shui and keep curve, this device comprises pressure chamber 12, air lift pump 21, vacuum pump 8, loading frame 10, instrument base 27, first hydraulic circuit 4, second hydraulic circuit 20, first pneumatic circuit 11, second pneumatic circuit 15.Wherein pressure chamber 12 is connected by bolt 2 with instrument base 27, and perpendicular displacement measuration meter 1 and pressuring shaft 3 are arranged at 12 tops, pressure chamber.Second pneumatic circuit 15 at 12 tops, pressure chamber is connected with pressure chamber 12, first baroceptor 16, the first pneumatic control valve door 18, air lift pump 21, and pressure chamber's water-filling pipeline 28 that instrument base is 27 li links to each other with water-filling by-pass valve control 29.Specimen mount 25 is installed above the instrument base 27, is inlaid with down potter's clay plate 36 above the specimen mount.Second hydraulic circuit 20 of specimen mount central authorities is connected with down potter's clay plate 36, second hydraulic pressure sensor 38, second water volume measurement pipe, 17, second hydraulic controlled valve 19, air lift pump 21, the second water volume measure pipe 17 tops the second water shutoff rubber plug 37.Last potter's clay plate 14 all requires to be not less than 1500kPa with the full admission value of following potter's clay plate 36, and the range of perpendicular displacement measuration meter 1 requires greater than 50mm, and accuracy requirement reaches 0.01mm.Cap 13 bottoms, sample top are inlaid with potter's clay plate 14, cap 13 central first hydraulic circuits 4 in sample top are connected with potter's clay plate 14, first hydraulic pressure sensor 9, first water volume measurement pipe, 6, first hydraulic controlled valve 7, vacuum pump 8, the first water volume measure pipe 6 tops the first water shutoff rubber plug 5.Last potter's clay plate 14 is installed samples 30 with following potter's clay plate 36 centres, and sample top cap 13, last potter's clay plate 14, sample 30, specimen mount 25 are wrapped up by rubber diaphragm.First pneumatic circuit 11 that rubber diaphragm is passed in sample 30 middle parts is connected with sample 30, second baroceptor 23, the second pneumatic control valve door 22, air lift pump 21.Counterweight 26 is by increased pressure frame 10 and pressuring shaft 3, and registration coupon top cap 13 top groove apply pressure at right angle to sample.Loading frame 10 is made up of counterweight 26, lever 32, big counterweight 33, first rotation axis 31, second rotation axis 39, the 3rd rotation axis 40, the 4th rotation axis 41, loading frame 10 is connected with instrument base 27 by gim peg 24, second rotation axis 39 that drives framework 10 liftings is connected by first metal hook 34 with the 4th rotation axis 41, and counterweight 26 is connected by second metal hook 35 with lever 31.
Advantage of the present invention:
This assay method is used simple, and the measuring accuracy height satisfies the three-dimensional stress requirement, can measure humidification section and dehumidification section that Tu Shui keeps curve.
The scope of application of the present invention:
Be applicable to that the various soil properties Tu Shui under unsaturated state that runs in the civil engineering work keeps the measurement problem of curve.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 measures the structural representation that unsaturated soil Tu Shui keeps the used determinator of test method of curve.Wherein have: perpendicular displacement measuration meter 1, bolt 2, pressuring shaft 3, first hydraulic circuit 4, the first water shutoff rubber plug 5, first water volume measures pipe 6, first hydraulic controlled valve 7, vacuum pump 8, first hydraulic pressure sensor 9, loading frame 10, first pneumatic circuit 11, pressure chamber 12, sample top cap 13, last potter's clay plate 14, second pneumatic circuit 15, first baroceptor 16, second water volume measures pipe 17, the first pneumatic control valve door 18, second hydraulic controlled valve 19, second hydraulic circuit 20, air lift pump 21, the second pneumatic control valve door 22, second baroceptor 23, gim peg 24, specimen mount 25, counterweight 26, instrument base 27, water-filling pipeline 28, water-filling by-pass valve control 29, sample 30, following potter's clay plate 36, the second water shutoff rubber plug 37, second hydraulic pressure sensor 38.
Fig. 2 is the A-A right view of Fig. 1.Wherein have: loading frame 10, gim peg 24, first rotation axis 31, lever 32, big counterweight 33, first metal hook 34, second metal hook 35, second rotation axis 39, the 3rd rotation axis 40, the 4th rotation axis 41.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters, it is as follows that promptly Tu Shui keeps the assay method of curve,
1. first pneumatic circuit 11 is removed from air lift pump 21, first hydraulic circuit 4 is connected with air lift pump 21, close the first pneumatic control valve door 18 and the second pneumatic control valve door 22, start air lift pump 21, open first hydraulic controlled valve 7 and second hydraulic controlled valve 19, it is saturated with following potter's clay plate 36 water-fillings that pressurization will be gone up potter's clay plate 14;
2. go up potter's clay plate 14 and following potter's clay plate 36 saturated after, close air lift pump 21, first hydraulic circuit 4 is connected with vacuum pump 8, close first hydraulic controlled valve 7 and second hydraulic controlled valve 19, first pneumatic circuit 11 is connected with air lift pump 21, sample top cap 13 and sample 30 are installed on the specimen mount 25, the outside puts rubber membrane, pressure chamber 12 is connected by bolt 2 with instrument base 27, by water-filling pipeline 28 water-filling in the pressure chamber, when treating the end face 5～10cm of water surface distance pressure chamber, close water-filling by-pass valve control 29;
3. second hydraulic circuit 20 is pulled down from air lift pump 21, increase counterweight 26 by testing requirements, apply pressure at right angle on sample top cap 13, start air lift pump 21 simultaneously, regulate the first pneumatic control valve door 18, apply confined pressure, open 19 drainings of the second hydraulic pressure hydraulic control valve, up to meeting the requirements of the sample stress state;
4. close second hydraulic controlled valve 19, second hydraulic circuit 20 is connected with air lift pump 21, regulate the second pneumatic control valve door 22 and second hydraulic controlled valve 19, by second baroceptor 23 and second hydraulic pressure sensor 38, control a certain size pore air pressure and pore water pressure, the difference of the two is sample matric suction s
0, measure pipe 17 by second water volume and can read turnover sample water yield size, treat second water volume measure pipe 17 liquid levels steadily after, in conjunction with known sample water cut w, can draw corresponding matric suction s
0Sample water cut w
0, can obtain the battery of tests data s on the Tu Shui maintenance curve
0With w
0
5. regulate the second pneumatic control valve door 22 and second hydraulic controlled valve 19, by second baroceptor 23 and second hydraulic pressure sensor 38, change the size of sample inner pore atmospheric pressure and pore water pressure, promptly change the size of sample matric suction s, after treating that second water volume measurement pipe, 17 level change steadily, read the water yield changing value of turnover sample, obtain new corresponding matric suction s
1Sample water cut w
1, can obtain another group test figure s on the Tu Shui maintenance curve
1With w
1
6. by testing requirements, 5. repeating step can obtain the test figure on the whole piece Tu Shui maintenance curve, can draw whole piece Tu Shui and keep curve.
Claims (1)
1. measure the test method that unsaturated soil Tu Shui keeps curve for one kind, it is characterized in that measuring unsaturated soil Tu Shui with a kind of test unit keeps curve, this device comprises pressure chamber (12), air lift pump (21), vacuum pump (8), loading frame (10), instrument base (27), first hydraulic circuit (4), second hydraulic circuit (20), first pneumatic circuit (11), second pneumatic circuit (15), pressure chamber (12) is connected by bolt (2) with instrument base (27), perpendicular displacement measuration meter (1) and pressuring shaft (3) are arranged at top, pressure chamber (12), second pneumatic circuit (15) at top, pressure chamber (12) is connected with pressure chamber (12), first baroceptor (16), the first pneumatic control valve door (18), air lift pump (21), pressure chamber's water-filling pipeline (28) of instrument base (27) lining links to each other with water-filling by-pass valve control (29), specimen mount (25) is installed above the instrument base (27), be inlaid with down potter's clay plate (36) above the specimen mount (25), second hydraulic circuit (20) of specimen mount (25) central authorities is connected with down potter's clay plate (36), second hydraulic pressure sensor (38), second water volume measures pipe (17), second hydraulic controlled valve (19), air lift pump (21), second water volume measures pipe (17) top the second water shutoff rubber plug (37), sample top cap (13) bottom is inlaid with potter's clay plate (14), central first hydraulic circuit of sample top cap (13) (4) is connected with potter's clay plate (14), first hydraulic pressure sensor (9), first water volume measures pipe (6), first hydraulic controlled valve (7), vacuum pump (8), first water volume measures pipe (6) top the first water shutoff rubber plug (5), last potter's clay plate (14) and the middle sample (30) of installing of following potter's clay plate (36), sample top cap (13), last potter's clay plate (14), sample (30), specimen mount (25) is wrapped up by rubber diaphragm, first pneumatic circuit (11) that rubber diaphragm is passed in sample (30) middle part is connected with sample (30), second baroceptor (23), the second pneumatic control valve door (22), air lift pump (21), counterweight (26) is by loading frame (10) and pressuring shaft (3), registration coupon top cap (13) top groove, sample (30) is applied pressure at right angle, measure unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters with this test unit, be that Tu Shui keeps the test method of curve as follows
1. first pneumatic circuit (11) is removed from air lift pump (21), first hydraulic circuit (4) is connected with air lift pump (21), close the first pneumatic control valve door (18) and the second pneumatic control valve door (22), start air lift pump (21), open first hydraulic controlled valve (7) and second hydraulic controlled valve (19), pressurization will go up potter's clay plate (14) and following potter's clay plate (36) water-filling is saturated;
2. go up potter's clay plate (14) and following potter's clay plate (36) saturated after, close air lift pump (21), first hydraulic circuit (4) is connected with vacuum pump (8), close first hydraulic controlled valve (7) and second hydraulic controlled valve (19), first pneumatic circuit (11) is connected with air lift pump (21), sample top cap (13) and sample (30) are installed on the specimen mount (25), the outside puts rubber membrane, pressure chamber (12) is connected by bolt (2) with instrument base (27), by water-filling in the past pressure chamber of water-filling pipeline (28), when treating the end face 5～10cm of water surface distance pressure chamber, close water-filling by-pass valve control (29);
3. second hydraulic circuit (20) is pulled down from air lift pump (21), increase counterweight (26) by testing requirements, apply pressure at right angle on sample top cap (13), start air lift pump (21) simultaneously, regulate the first pneumatic control valve door (18), apply confined pressure, open second hydraulic controlled valve (19) draining, up to meeting the requirements of the sample stress state;
4. close second hydraulic controlled valve (19), second hydraulic circuit (20) is connected with air lift pump (21), regulate the second pneumatic control valve door (22) and second hydraulic controlled valve (19), by second baroceptor (23) and second hydraulic pressure sensor (38), control a certain size pore air pressure and pore water pressure, the difference of the two is the matric suction s of sample
0, measure the water yield size that pipe (17) can be read the turnover sample by second water volume, treat second water volume measure pipe (17) liquid level steadily after, the sample water cut w in conjunction with known can draw corresponding matric suction s
0Sample water cut w
0, can obtain the battery of tests data s on the Tu Shui maintenance curve
0With w
0
5. regulate the second pneumatic control valve door (22) and second hydraulic controlled valve (19), by second baroceptor (23) and second hydraulic pressure sensor (38), change the size of sample inner pore atmospheric pressure and pore water pressure, promptly change the size of sample matric suction s, after treating that second water volume measurement pipe (17) liquid level steadily, read the water yield changing value of turnover sample, obtain new corresponding matric suction s
1Sample water cut w
1, can obtain another group test figure s on the Tu Shui maintenance curve
1With w
1
6. by testing requirements, 5. repeating step can obtain the test figure on the whole piece Tu Shui maintenance curve, can draw whole piece Tu Shui and keep curve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101681045A CN101865810B (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Test method for determining unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101681045A CN101865810B (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Test method for determining unsaturated soil water characteristic parameters |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101193570A Division CN101509865B (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Nonsaturated soil hydraulic parameter measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101865810A CN101865810A (en) | 2010-10-20 |
| CN101865810B true CN101865810B (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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